syllabus_Spring_2011_FMS

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Mgmt-罗宾斯教材《管理学》(双语)-Course intro

Read textbook before class, have questions prepared
Read exdendedly after class
Mid-term assessment : Presentation – Enterprise introduction
Group work, present a all around introduction of one company of your choice
Eleventh edition
STEPHEN P. ROBBINS
MARY COULTER
Course Introduction
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook The University of West Alabama
Other reading materials:
1. 周三多，陈传明，鲁明泓,管理学-原理与方法（第五版）, 复旦大学出版社，2011
4
Teaching method
• Lecture (Bilingual)
PPT
• Interaction
Ask Ask Ask

5
Assessment method
Why do we study this course?
• Your expectation
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
Course purpose
The foundation of Management

2011年广东专插本考试《英语》真题

广东省2011年普通高等学校本科插班生招生考试英语本试卷共8页，76小题，满分100分。

考试时间120分钟。

Part l vocabulary and structure(359%)1.one ofmy_sayings is"where there is a will.there is a way".A.alikeB.likelyC.favouriteD.favourable2.one aftemoon I went to_miss white again.Acall for B call in C call off D call on3.I am_of the same programmme every evening though we have few entertainments in our town.A.boredB.illC.tiredD.exhausted4.Teachers have free to the library that canprovide a lot of dataA.admissionB.accessC.accountD.approach5.high interest rates-people from borrowing money even when they are in bad need ofitA discourageB distrbuteC disappointD disturb6.climate and weather affect every_of our lives.A factorB respectC facD aspect7.a dog was_by a vehicle andkilled.A knocked intoB knodked outC held backD run over8.two planes were hardly_on the horizonA sensibleB invisibleC visibleD available9last year the income of the organization was_more than one-fourthA cut downB slowed downC dropped offD brought down10he always did well at school_having to do part-time jobs every now and thenA despite ofB in spite ofC regardless ofD in case of11you should not_too much from him even if he has made a promiseA expectB expressC exposeD experience12he was left alone in the room with_to look after him though he was only five years oldA anyoneB someoneC not oneD no one13it would be unwise to_too much importance to these opinion pollsA stickB attachC applyD insist14.inpont of the first three months this years is larger by7percent than that ofthe_period last yearA relatingB concemingC correspondingD regarding15my cap loaks_to john's,so I often take his by mistakeA sameB identicalC differentD likely16.Aunty Mary earmed a good reputation_hard working and being honestA aboutB withC atD for17jim isn't_.but he did badly in the final exans last tem,which surprised us greatlyA dullB brightC awkwardD clever18.fnally we-to get what we wanted after we had suffered so much hardship.A operatedB attemptedC managedD succeeded19.it's_my power to give you advice on the matterA aboveB belowC underD beyond20.having stayed in the United Stateds for more than ten years,he gotan.American-A speechB accentC voiceD sound21.Feburary si the month_is usually the coldest.A the weatherB whose weatherC its weatherD when the weather22.At frst.I did,t recognize her because she_at least fifty pounds.A have lostB might loseC had lostD may lose23.john suggested_anything about it until they found out more factsA not to sayB not sayC to say notD not saying24.the general's command wasthat the soldiers_the place and canry out more importanttasksA leaveB leftC haveleftD would leave25.I was very tired.Otherwise i_to the theatre with you for the new film.A had goneB have goneC would have goneD must have gone26_to wait for hours,she brought along a bool to read.A EcpectedB EepectingC ExpectsD To expect27Mrs,Smithtogether with her friends__to visit the new museum.A are goingB areC is goingD will be28_before we leave the day after tomorrow,we should havea wonderful dinner partyA Hadthey arivedB areC is goingD will be29Mr.Wang said such a thing_to happen at achool again and he forgave me this timeA ought not to be allowedB ought to be not allowedC ought to be allowed notD not ought to be allowed30Adream of the red Mansion is saidinto dozens of langua ges in the last decade.A to translteB to have translatedC to betranslatedD to have been translated31we enjoyed ourselves very much last night at the party.You_with usA should have comeB must comeC must have comeD should come32only under special circumstances_to take male-up testsA is itB isn'titC isn'tthereD is there33there is not much news in today's paper__?A hadmissedB missC missedD havemissed34You've already missed too much many clssed this term.You_four classed just last weekA hadmissedB missC missedD havemissed35.Before leaving the village he visited the old house_he spent his childhood.A in whichB whichC to whichD at whichPart2Reading Comprehension(40%)Passage1Even people who don't understand English can erjoy Chaplin's films because they are almost silent.Itisn't what he says that makes us laugh.His comedy(喜剧)doesn't depend upon words or language,but onthe little actions whichmean the same thing to people all over the world.In his films,Chaplin raises his thick black eyebrow(眉毛).He straightens his coat or swings his walkingstick in the air He hides behind a fat lady or climbs under a table to escape ftom hid enenies.Trying to bebrave,he fants away on the floor.He pretends to be what he is not and never could be arich,successful importanr man.It is the secret for Chaplin's huge success.He discovered the character of the little tramp almost by accident.As young men,he and his brothertraveled to American in a small compary of actors and acted in various cities.One day Charles was invitedto join a new compary that was making comedies.It was in his second film that he wore the clothes thatmade his reputation:black hat,tight coat,big trousers,huge shoes, moustache(胡须)and walking stick.Heintended simply to make people laugh. But the add disguises(扮相)made him loak both comic and sad.His appearance was a popular success,right form the beginning.But his early films hadn't much story.They were full of actions.The little man played fast moving games of hide-and-seek with his enemies,racing down city streets, jumping on trains,and boating down rivers.36.Which of the following is true?A Chaplin was a homeless travelerB Chaplin hardly did actions in filmsC Chaplin amused his audience by his actionsD Chaplin always did the sarme acticns in his films37.The secret of Chaplin's success is that he created a character who_A faints away on the floor,trying to be braveB behaves as if he was a successful important richmanC straightens his coat or swings his walking stick in the airD hides behind a fat lady or climbs under a table to escape from his enemies38.The word"tramp"in line1.paragraph3may meana"_".A person who walks farB person who walks heavilyC disabled person who is unluckyD homeless person who moves about39.With the help ofhis odd appearance,Chaplin intended to loak_A richB fumyC successfulD impressive40Chaplin's filns were full of the folloving actions EXCEPT_.A boating down riversB racing down city streetsC jumping ontrainsD driving bicyclesPassage2A cat burglar invaded the bedroom of the President of the United State,who confrented him andhelped him escape.The event occurred in the early moming hours in one of the first days of presidency ofCalvin Coolidge,late in August,1923He and his family were living at the Willard Hotel in Washington thatthey had occupied during his vice presidency.Coolidge awoke to see a burglar search his clothes Fanally he got a wallet and a watch.When he wasremoving the watch chain,Coolidge spoke:"I wish you couldn't take that."The thief,at his voice,said:"why?"I don't mean the watch and chain,only the chamn.Take it near the window and read what isengraved(雕刻)on the badk of it,"the President said.The burglar read"Presented to Calvin Coolidge,Speaker of the House,by the Massachusetts General Court."Are you President Coolidge?"he asked. ThePresident answered,"Yes,and the Legislature gave me that watch chamn..I'm fond of it.It would do youno good.You want money.Let's talk this over"Holding up the wallet,the thief bargained:"I'll take this andleave everything else."Coolidge knowing there was S80in the billford persuaded the thief to sit down andtalk.The young man said he and his college roommate had overspent during their vacation and did not haveenough money to pay their hotel bill.Coolidge added up the room rate and two rail ticket back to thecampus.Then he counted out S32and said it was a loan.He then told the thief that there probably would bea Secret Service agent patrolling(逻辑)thehotel comidor and asked if an escape could be made by goingback along the hotel ledge(窗台)The man left through the same window he had entered.41.The phase"a cat burglar"in the first line means"a thief who_".A.steals catsB.has nice lives like a catC.is fond of the game of cat-and-mouseD.enters buildings by climbing through windows42The burglar intended to steal the_.A.walletB.watchC.wallet and the wat chD.wallet and the watch chain43.The"charm"in Paragraph2probably means"_"A.the power of attracting peopleB.a word believed to have magic powerC.a small object that is attached to a chainD.a small thing worn for supposed magic power44.The President gave the burglar_dollars.A.80B.32C.48D.11245What can we infer from the passage?A.Coolidge kept the secret for the burglarB.Coolidge gave the watch to the burglar but kept the charm.C.Coolidge gave the burglar a sum of money which was only enough to pay his hotel bill.D.Coolidge reported the burglary to the Secret Service Agency and the burglar was arrested.Passage3China will continue its policy of encoura ging people to study abroad,Vice-Minister of Education WeiYu said last week.China will also encoura ge students to retum to the motherland to participate in its modemization effort,she said,and if they want to go abroad a gain the counry will give them the green light.On June23,1978,the late Deng Xiaoping,then Chinese Vice-premier decided that more people shouldstudy abroad,and the policy started a20-vear study-abroad feverIn Chinese cities,it is difficult to find a young person who hasnot heard of TOEFL(Test of English asaForeign Language)or FRE(Graduate Record Examination);the primary tests required to attend graduateschool in the United States.China sent its finst group of students to study in the United States and Europe back in1872.That endedduring World WarⅡ.During the1950's,the major destination for students was the former Soviet Union.Many currentChinese lea ders were students in Soviet colleges.But the“cultural revolution(1966-76)'dealt a blow to the enthusiasm.Any contacts with foreignerswere stictly barmed(禁止)。

2011年华东师范大学翻译硕士真题

2011年华东师范大学翻译硕士真题真题是考研复习中含金量最高的辅导材料，真题的利用对于提高复习效率具有至关重要的作用。

一般来说，时间和精力有限，建议考生重点做近十年的真题。

凯程考研整理各高校历年考研真题，希望能帮大家更好的复习!2011年华东师范大学翻译硕士真题I. Phrase TranslationOEM: 原始设备制造商(Original Equipment Manufacturer)FTP: 文件传输协议(file transfer protocol)Shipping Order: 装货单;订舱单ETA: 预计到达时间(eatimated time of arrival)Consignee: 收件人;受托人CPI: 消费物价指数(Consumer price index)DPI: 每英寸点数(dots per inch);分辨率;解析度EMF:欧洲货币基金(European Monetary Fund);欧洲货币基金组织Exchange Rate Mechanism: 汇率机制;汇率体制;外汇兑换体系Financial Year：财政年度;会计年度ICB：国际竞争性招标(international competitive bidding)OPEC：石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)APEC：亚太经济合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)CAAC：中国民用航空局(Civil Aviation Administration Of China)AID：国际开发总署(Agency for International Development)宏观调控：macro-control信访办：Complaints office做好就业、社保等方面的工作: deliver good results in terms of employment, social security, etc./make good work of employment, social security, etc.促进流通业发展：Promoting the Development of the Circulation Industry事业单位: public institution提高出生人口质量：improve the health of newborns;advance the population quality创新型国家：innovation-oriented country; innovative country优化经济结构：optimize the economic structure建设社会主义新农村：building a new socialist countryside农业政策的稳定性：The stability of agricultural policy全面建设小康社会：build a moderately prosperous society in all aspects基层民主：democracy at the grassroots level;grass-roots democracy粮食安全：food security社会事业：social undertaking;social programs; social enterprise; social Business农民工: migrant workers; rural migrant workersII. English to Chinese translationThis book is , inessence, a user’s guide to academic life, conceived for those consiering taking up a career in the traitional academic disciplines –seniors in college, perhaps, or others thinking about going into graduate school –as well as those who have already started out alongthat path, which is to say, men and women working on a Ph.D and those already with appointments as assistant professors at college or a university. Some of our remarks be of interest to others as well: senior professors who are interested in other perspectives on the academic scene, confused and be wilere parents of junior academics, professional advisors, spouses of graduate students and junior faculty, and laymen interested in learning about the mysteries of academic. Foreign stuents who are thinking abbout acquiring an American graduate school education will certainly profit from reading this book.Our backgrouns are in the humanities and the social sciences, and our views naturally reflect our own experiences, observations, and what we have learned in the course of our careers. We believe there is sufficient overlap among the various acedemic disciplines to make valid generalizations possible. As teachers, we have often been asked to offer advice over and over again. We’ve written this book in response to what we felt was a real need for information. We chose the format of an extended conversation, much like conversations that we have actually had on many occasions with those who have sought us out to discuss their aspirations, hopes, fears, an problems. The question-and-answer format emphasizes that we are speaking in this book much as we would during our office hours or over coffee in the departmental lounge. Although the questions in boldface are our constructions, for the most part they are questions we’ve often heard or can imagine our readers might want to ask if they could.–Preface to The Chicago Guide to Your Acaemic Career。

2011年秋季学期科技文献检索课期末书面作业(安全0905班)

安全0905班《科技文献检索》课期末书面作业（2011年秋季）一、科技文献检索报告检索题目1.我国货物综合运输环境研究2.进入WTO对中国的影响3.海洋环境受到石油泄露问题的困扰4.世界集装箱运输的发展趋势5.探讨港口物流中心的运作模式对现代物流的影响6.企业战略信息系统研究综述7.知识传播动力学研究综述8.论亚洲船舶修理业的发展现状与前景9.数字签名研究综述10.差分GPS船舶定位精度研究11.集装箱船舶大型化趋势利弊12.论集装箱船舶大型化发展13.信息提取技术研究综述14.海水谈化设备的研究15. 论海洋污染与航行安全之关联16. 海洋污染及其防治17. 电子政务建设研究综述18. 论中美贸易争端19. 信息隐藏技术研究综述20. 信息产业经济化发展21. 亚洲各国经济发展前景分析22. 我国港口在最近几年的发展情况23. 如何将上海建设成为国际航运中心24. 滚装船运输安全问题25. 欧美国家航运政策的异同分析26. 高速船的设计建造27. 论上海建成国际金融中心的条件28. 中国与全球一体化经济的关系29. 供应链管理中的企业核心竞争力30. 现代物流业发展的特点31. 世界局势对国内经济发展的影响32. 论中国港口面对入世新形势下的发展33. 网上信息资源智能导航系统研究综述34. 加入WTO对中国的贸易及航运的影响35. 关于新世纪中国内陆运输（铁路）的发展36. 旅游经济理论与方法37. 如何发展中国海上旅游业38. 企业竞争情报研究综述39. 中国工业经济发展与现状40. 我国海水资源可持续利用战略研究41. 集装箱起重机仿真驾驶训练器研究42. 中国船员的培训与教育问题43. 我国船员技术劳务输出的现状44. 网络信息的组织与管理45. 数据库的维护技术46. 如何利用互联网研究信息传播与利用47. 分布式知识管理系统的开发和应用研究综述48. 港口与船舶保安的有关规定研究49. 计算机嵌入式系统50. Web 数据库的开发51. 废物处理与综合利用52. 大学生心理问题53. 高质量软件开发途径—软件过程的改进54. 基于ASP技术的远程教育系统的实现55. 电子商务在线购物的创业研究56. VLAN的技术与应用57. 海洋资源的开发与综合利用58. 多媒体数据库的开发与实现59. 论雅典文明60. 计算机网络安全61. 无线通信的技术发展方向62. 流媒体技术研究综述63. 有关天气研究的各种预测以及统计方法64. 计算机技术在信息家电中的应用65. 如何利用编译原理进行编译程序的设计66. 人工神经网络算法及应用67. 如何对数据进行高效的采集68. 计算机网络安全漏洞的检测和防范69. 计算机在现代遥感技术中的应用70. 海上大风浪条件下的船舶航行安全71. 软系统方法研究综述72. 船舶保安及其法规问题探讨73. 提高港口竞争能力的根本途径分析74. 船舶自动识别系统（AIS）的现状与前景75. 物流信息系统的构建76. 水路运输投融资政策研究77. 网络信息的挖掘技术研究综述78. 第三方物流的理论与实务79. 两岸三通与沪港台港口的发展80. 电力电子与传动控制在船舶电力推进中的应用81. 异构信息集成模型研究综述82. 仿真技术在柴油机故障诊断中的应用83. 神经网络在船舶主机建模中的应用84. 人工智能与船舶动力系统85. 自动化机舱监测系统与计算机总线技术86. 高校信息化体系建构研究综述87. 智能代理技术研究综述88. 现代口语翻译技巧89. 英美文学翻译理论与实践90. 中文文献中频现英语词现象的研究91. 如何提高英语的说写能力92. 英汉翻译中的修辞手段93. 现代企业制度中的财务审计94. 可持续发展的交通运输战略95. 海运代理法律规范和相关问题96. 美国运价制度的借鉴97. 海事案例分析98. 海商法实务与案例99. 无船承运的法律地位探讨100. 我国《海商法》下提单运输的若干问题二、检索报告要求：1、请学生从以上100个检索课题中任选一题作为自己检索报告课题，学生检索课题的选择尽量依据所学专业选择，但课题名称可以根据学生意愿进行适当改动。

ESLsyllabus

SYLLABUSCourse: Theoretical Foundations of ESL 二语习得与教学研究Instructor: Dr Xiaoguang ChengTime: Fall of 2011Course Materials:Brown, H. D. 2007 (Fifth Edition). Principles of language learning and teaching.NY: Pearson..Mitchell, R. and F. Myles. 2004. (Second Edition). Second language learning theories.London: Arnold.Order of Presentations:1. B. Chap 1. Language, learning, and teaching2. M & M. Chap 1. Second language learning: key concepts and issues3. M & M. Chap 2. The recent history of second language learning research4. B. Chap 2. First language acquisition （biological）5. B. Chap 3. Age and acquisition （biological）6. B. Chap 4. Human learning （cognitive）7. B. Chap 5. Styles and strategies （cognitive）8. B. Chap 6. Personality factors （affective）9. B. Chap 7 Sociocultural factors （sociocultural）10. B. Chap 8. Communicative competence （pragmatic）11. B. Chap 9. Cross-linguistic influence and learner language （linguistic）12. B. Chap 10. Toward a theory of second language acquisition13. M & M. Chap 3. Linguistics and language learning: the Universal Grammar approach14. M & M. Chap 4. Cognitive approaches to second language learning15. M & M. Chap 5. Functional/pragmatic perspectives on second language learning16. M & M. Chap 6. Input and interaction in second language learning17. M & M. Chap 7. Sociocultural perspectives on second language learning18. M & M. Chap 8. Sociolinguistic perspectives19. M & M. Chap 9. ConclusionDescription of the Course:Teaching is the most complicated human undertaking, and teaching ESL is more so because it involves almost all the disciplines of human study that one can think of—linguistics, pragmatics, philosophy, psychology, cognition, culture, sociology, communication, education, and so on. Therefore, English teachers and English graduate students must assume a rational approach, secure a solid foundation in the rationales of all related theoretical models, and study and research the nature and characteristics of English learning and teaching so as to eliminate all irrationality, intuition, and recklessness in their teaching practices. (英语教学专业的研究生和英语教师必须具有这些相关学科和英语教学的理论知识，研究、了解和掌握英语教与学的性质、特点和规律，从而避免非理性、直觉性和盲目性，科学地指导英语教与学的实践。

2011年考研英语(一)真题参考答案完整版

2011年考研英语(一)真题参考答案完整版1-5，ACDBA 6-10 CADCB 11-15 BCACA 16-20 BCADB21-25 DBCAA 26-30 CCBDB 31-35 CCBDB 36-40 CBCCC41-45 BDCAE翻译：46、艾伦的贡献在于提供了我们能分担和揭示错误性质的假设--因为我们不是机器人，因此我们能够控制我们的理想。

47、我们可以单独通过意识维持控制的感觉，但实际上我们一直面临着一个问题，为什么我不能完成这件事情或那件事情。

48、这似乎可能为必要时的忽视正名，也能合理说明剥削，以及在顶层的人的优越感及处于后层人们的劣势感。

49、环境似乎是为了挑选出我们的强者，而且如果我们感觉受了委屈，那么我们就不可能有意识的做出努力逃离我们原来的处境。

50、正面在于我们处于这样的位置，知道所有事情都取决与我们自己，之前我们对着一系列的限制，而现在我们成了权威。

51. Directions: Write a letter to a friend of yours to 1) recommend one of your favorite movies and 2) give reasons for your recommendation. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use”Li Ming”instead. Do not write the address.(10points)小作文范文：Dear friends:Recently a lot of new movies, you concern? I recently saw a movie is especially suitable for you.Its name is "If You Are The One".First of all it has very powerful cast. Storyline is very tight.Characters' language is classic and thought-provoking. But, I most like it because it's morals. Dear friends, do you to love the understanding of what? Love is romantic, is costly, is simple, or plain? I think in this movie can be reflected. Perhaps now we still can't clear love, but love is already brimming with our lives, is a part of life.I want to watch the movie, we can understand a lot. Dear friends, do you also see this movie, remember to write and tell me how you feel. Miss you!52、Direction Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following drawing .In your essay ,you should 1) describe the drawing briefly 2) explain its intended measing and 3) give your comments You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)大作文范文：Our surroundings are being polluted fast and man's present efforts can not prevent it. Time is bringing us more people, and more people will bring us more industry, more cars, larger cities and the growing use of man-made materials.What can explain and solve this problem? The fact is that pollution is caused by man -- by his desire for a modern way of life. We make "increasing industrialization" our chief aim.So we are often ready to offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children.There is a constant flow of people from the countryside into the cities, eager for the benefits of our modern society. But as our technological achievements have grown in the last twenty years, pollution has become a serious problem.Isn't it time we stopped to ask ourselves where we are going-- and why? It makes one think of the story about the airline pilot who told his passengers over the loudspeaker,"I've some good news and some bad news. The good news is that we're making rapid progress at 530 miles per hour. The bad news is that we're lost and don't know where we're going. " The sad fact is that this becomes a true story when speaking of our modern society.In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people means more people means more pollution. Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves海天范文Dear my friend,I’m writing to you to recommend one of my favorite movies 'Avatar'.The movie is directed by James Cameron, who is famous with product Titanic. The story is about immigration to planet Pandora, and what happened with local NA'VI. The film is such a wonder that I thought it is well worth watching in one's whole life. 'Avatar' is not just a film about the love story between a 'human' and a NA'VI princess, but also a educational file. From the movie we learned that we must live in harmony with the nature. Therefore I do not hesitate to recommend this movie to you. I am sure you will enjoy the movie.Yours sincerely,Li Ming海天范文What a terrible and shocking scene it is! As is vividly depicted in the drawing above, sitting on the boat and enjoying their sightseeing, a couple of youngsters are throwing rubbish into the sea, with many dead fishes floating on the surface. What is conveyed in the picture is both realistic and thought-provoking.The implied meaning of the given picture can be elaborated in terms of environmental protection and public manners. On the one hand, along with the development of the economy and society, people tend to attach great importance to personal and economic interests, ignoring ecological balance. As a consequence, environment has been polluted so seriously that environmental protection should be put on the agenda immediately. On the other hand, the inappropriate public manners such as littering and spitting are also one of the major factors causing environmental problems. If we let it go as it is, the nature will take revenge on human being sooner or later.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must promote and popularize the sense of environmental protection. For one thing, laws and regulations should be issued to change the practice of sacrificing long-term environmental health forshort-term rapid economic development. For another, some educational campaign should be launched among the public, especially the young, to raise the awareness of public morality. Only in these ways can we achieve sustainable development and live in a harmonious society.。

研究生学术规范讲座20111116_定版_

第二阶段（2002-2005）
2002年，中国科学院学部科学道德建设委员会组织了“我国科学道德与学风问题 ”的研究，该研究于2004年呈报国务院。 2002年，教育部发布《关于加强学术道德建设的若干意见》，推动了各高校的科研诚信制度建设社会科学的科研和教育机构开始制定相关政策
第三阶段（2006-）
12
3.科研道德建设的新趋势
3.1 科研不端行为治理的国际化科研不端行为的治理不再局限于国家内部，国家间的合作、国际组织的介入标志着科研不端行为的治理的国际化。如：
世界经合组织（OECD）于2007年2月22-23日在日本东京召开专题讨论会。会后经讨论会审阅，于同年6月25日发表了《确保科学诚信和预防不端行为的良好实践的报告》（Report on Best Practices for Ensuring Scientific Integrity and Preventing Misconduct ）。为了便于开展全球层面的信息交流与对话，商讨科研不端行为治理和科研诚信建设行动议程，2007年9月17-19日，由欧洲科学基金会（ESF）和美国卫生与福利部下属的科研诚信办公室（ORI ）共同发起并组织的世界首次科研诚信大会在葡萄牙首都里斯本召开。
10
1.治理模式的变迁及其背景
1.3 治理模式发生了怎样的转变？内化模式
科研道德规范，在日常的科学实践中，一般通过“师徒”关系得到传承和强化只有当某种危机出现时，才会通过科学家的自觉的道德反思或谴责表达出来
制度化模式
科研道德规范，在日常的科学实践中，一般通过一种比较完善的制度体系，系统地和社会化地表达出现科研道德规范被以符号化（或文本化）的方式得到表达。当某种危机出现时，即可以按照已有的规范要求对其对其加以识别，按照既有的程序及规则进行处理，并且通过对不端行为的惩罚，对社会起到警示的作用

2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案

2011考研英语一和二翻译真题和答案说明：原文选自一本非常著名的书Fifty Self-help Classics（见图），主要选自这本书的第11页和12页，经过命题专家改写，有些变了模样。

该书是一本励志类的读物，是一部书评，所以翻译起来并不轻松，甚至还有一些哲理性的语言，颇费思量。

以下为考试原文和译文，仅供参考；时间仓促，不对之处，敬请指出并谅解。

祝福各位考研的朋友。

北京新东方学校国内部唐静With its theme that “Mind is the master weaver,” creating our inner character and outer circumstances, the book As a Man Thinking by James Allen is an in-depth exploration of the central idea of self-help writing。

(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share--that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature.我们每个人都认为：自己不是机器人，因此能够控制自己的思想；爱伦的贡献在于他研究了这一假说，并揭示其错误的本质。

Because most of us believe that mind is separate from matter, we think that thoughts can be hidden and made powerless; this allows us to think one way and act another. However, Allen believed that the unconscious mind generates as much action as the conscious mind, and (47) while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”我们或许只通过意识就能维持这种控制的幻觉，但事实上，我们却总是面临一个问题：我们为什么不能让自己去做这件事情，实现那个目标呢？Since desire and will are damaged by the presence of thoughts that do not accord with desire, Allen concluded : “ We do not attract what we want, but what we are。

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FMS @ BJUT – Your First Step to Succeed in Materials Science, Syllabus, Spring 2011 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology 1Fundamentals of Materials Science 4 Credit (56 Credit-Hour) Course for Sophomore Undergraduate Students Offered by the College of Materials Science and Engineering Week 2-15, Spring Semester, 2011

Prof. Guo, Fu College of Materials Science and Engineering Phone: 67396193 Beijing University of Technology Fax: 67396193 Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124 E-mail: guofu@bjut.edu.cn

Course Description This course is intended for students with materials science major who need basic understanding of the fundamentals of materials science. It is a compulsive course for second-year undergraduate students in the College of Materials Science and Engineering. This course is a fundamental science course that provides an overview of Materials Science and Engineering as a basis for understanding how structure/property/processing relationships are developed and used for different types of materials, such as metals, ceramics, and polymers. It lays a foundation for further studies of metallic, ceramic, polymeric, composite, structural, and functional materials. The roles of materials in modern society are also illustrated by case studies of advances in new materials and processes.

The course materials covered in this semester introduces the basic principles of materials science, metallurgy, metallography, and heat treatment. Topics include, but not limited to, the structure of materials (metals, ceramics, and polymers), phase diagrams, defects in materials, and solidification theory and phenomenon. Students are expected to have a good understanding of the common principles of materials phenomena, as well as the relationship between materials properties and their processing methods based on the understanding of their microstructure characteristics.

Class and Office Hour Schedule Class Hours: Tuesdays 8:00~9:35 AM, 3rd Lecture Building, Rm. 101 Thursdays 3:25~5:00 PM, 3rd Lecture Building, Rm. 101 Office Hours: Wednesdays 4:00~5:00 PM or by appointment, Materials Bldg., Rm. 334

Suggested Textbooks & Reading Materials 1. William D. Callister, Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction, John Wiley & Sons; 6th edition, ISBN: 0471264563, 2003 （Call #: TB3/8718-6） 2. 徐恒钧主编，刘国勋主审，材料科学基础，北京工业大学出版社，ISBN: 7-5639-0934-6/G51，2001 （Call #: TB3/18） 3. William D. Callister, Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering, An FMS @ BJUT – Your First Step to Succeed in Materials Science, Syllabus, Spring 2011 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology 2Integrated Approach, Fifth Edition, (材料科学与工程基础第五版英文影印版)，化学工业出版社，ISBN: 7-5025-4178-0/G1097, 2004 4. James A. Jacobs, and Thomas F. Kilduff, Engineering Materials Technology, Prentice Hall, 4th edition, ISBN: 0-13-014280-8, 2001 （Call #: TB3/8647-4） 5. 崔忠圻主编，金属学与热处理，机械工业出版社，ISBN: 7-111-01796-X，1989（Call #:TG1/9049） 6. Handout distributed from instructor in class or posted on the course webpage.

Course Webpage FS 2007: http://epimcourses.bjut.edu.cn (reference) FS 2008 ~ FS2010: http://www.guofuedu.org/moodle (reference) SS2011: http://www.guofuedu.org/courses You need to register for the course website to participate courses activities.

Tentative Schedule

WEEK DATE CONTENT HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT

2 3/1, 3 Syllabus, Introduction, Atomic Structure and bonding HW 1-3, Exam I 3 3/8, 10 Fundamentals of Crystallography HW 4, 5 4 3/15, 17 Crystal Symmetry, Structures in MetalsHW 6 5 3/22, 24 Structures in Ceramics and Polymers HW 7,8

6 3/29, 31 X-ray Diffraction, Vacancies Dislocations and Dislocation Motion EXAM II

7 4/5, 7 Dislocation Interactions, Dislocation sources and multiplications HW 9,10 8 4/12,12 Grain Boundaries Bulk Defects, Microscopic Techniques HW 11 9 4/19, 21 Phases and Phase Equilibria, Binary Phase Systems and Interpretation HW 12, EXAM III 10 4/26, 28 Development of Microstructure, Mechanical Properties of Binary AlloysHW 13, 14 11 5/3, 5 Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram, Phase Rule HW 15, 16

12 5/10, 12 Ternary Phase Diagrams, Thermodynamic Explanation of Phase Diagrams HW 17 13 5/17, 19 Nucleation and Growth HW 18, EXAM IV 14 5/24, 26 Constitutional Supercooling, Cast Structures HW 19, 20

15 5/31, 6/2 Solidification Techniques, Review Session Term paper due

Lab Sessions (TBD)