听力重要背景词汇
英语四级考试听力关键词汇
英语四级考试听力关键词汇英语四级考试听力是许多同学最为头疼的一个部分，其中关键词汇的理解和记忆是取得高分的关键。
在这篇文章中，我将为大家总结一些常见的英语四级考试听力关键词汇，并提供一些建议来帮助大家提高听力技巧和理解能力。
以下是一些常见的英语四级考试听力关键词汇。
1. First and foremost, 首先，首要的是2. Furthermore, 此外，而且3. On the contrary, 相反地4. In contrast, 对比而言5. Moreover, 此外，而且6. Likewise, 同样地7. Similarly, 相似地8. Nevertheless, 尽管如此9. Nonetheless, 然而，尽管如此10. Therefore, 因此，所以这些关键词汇在听力中经常出现，掌握它们的含义和用法对于理解并抓住听力材料中的重点很有帮助。
除了这些关键词汇，下面是一些技巧和建议，帮助你提高英语四级考试听力能力。
首先，多听多练是提高听力的基础。
找一些适合你水平的英语听力材料，比如英语四级模拟试题，专门的听力教材等，进行日常练习。
其次，注意细节。
在听力材料中，经常会出现一些具体的细节信息，比如时间、地点、人物等。
要学会捕捉这些细节信息，并在听力结束后做好笔记。
另外，要学会猜测答案。
在听力过程中，有些答案可能没有直接提及，但我们可以通过前后内容的联系和逻辑推理来猜测答案。
还有，培养你的听力技巧。
例如，学会快速扫描问题，预测材料的主题和内容，同时学会使用一些常见的修辞手法和逻辑词汇来判断材料的发展方向。
最后，不要害怕。
在进行考试时，心态很重要。
相信自己的能力，放松心情，相信自己能够听懂和理解听力材料。
通过掌握关键词汇，遵循上述的技巧与建议，相信你能够在英语四级考试听力中取得好成绩。
加油！。
雅思词汇
雅思听力场景词汇之住宿篇(1)：accommodation住宿，食宿；homestay家庭寄宿；host family寄宿家庭；hall of residence(英)/dormitory(美)集体宿舍；flat(英)/apartment(美)公寓；en-suite套房(独立厨房，卫生间，有专人打扫)；bedsit卧室起居室合一。
拓展词汇：(semi-)detached house(半)独立式住宅雅思听力场景词汇之住宿篇(2)：facility设施；attic阁楼；balcony阳台；basement地下室；bathroom浴室；bedroom卧室；dining room餐厅；cellar酒窖；corridor走廊；aisle侧廊；lobby/foyer门厅；porch门廊；(front/back)yard庭院；storeroom储藏间；laundry room洗衣房；shower淋浴。
雅思听力场景词汇之住宿篇(3)：garden花园；garage车库；livingroom(美)/lounge(英)起居室；loft阁楼；kitchen厨房；oven烤箱；bathtub浴缸；curtain 窗帘；single room单人间；twin room两张单人床的双人房；study room书房；shared room 合住。
雅思听力场景词汇之住宿篇(4)：location住宿地选址；city center市中心；nearCentral Park/Station中央公园/车站附近；downtown商业区；metropolitan area大都会地区；urban area/rural area/suburb/outskirts市区/乡下/近郊/远郊；country(side)农村；neighborhood周边地区；surroundings周边环境。
雅思听力场景词汇之住宿篇(5)：furniture家具；air-conditioner空调；armchair单人沙发；sofa沙发；cushion靠垫；bed sheet床单；blanket摊子；alarm system防盗系统；alarm clock闹钟；cabinet/closet橱柜/壁橱；wardrobe衣柜；cable/satellite TV有线/卫星电视；carpet地毯；rug小地毯。
王陆 听力单词
王陆807听力单词精选1.1学科名词major n.专业discipline n.学科anthropology n.人类学linguistics n.语言学physiology n.生理学psychology n.心理学mining n.采矿physical adj.身体的fine adj.好的arts n.文科science n.科学，理科politics n.政治philosophy n.哲学geography n.地理photojournalism n.摄影新闻学history n.历史astronomy n.天文学media n.媒体language n.语言applied adj.应用的environment n.环境chemistry n.化学management n.管理statistics n.统计学archaeological adj.考古学的accountancy n.会计学biology n.生物学computer n.电脑literature n.文学sociology n.社会学engineering n.工程学architecture n.建筑学business n.商务law n.法学economics n.经济学finance n.金融学banking n.银行学1.2课程名称orientation n.新生入学教育会welcome package n.入学或旅游时收到的欢迎词register v.注册enroll n.报名curriculum n.课程semester n.学期term n.学期，术语assignment n.作业session n.课程，时间virtual adj.虚拟的test n.&v.测试course n.课程study n.书房 v.学习intensive adj.强化的practice n.练习email n.电邮lecture n.授课tutorial n.小组讨论seminar n.学术研讨会assessment n.学习考核attendance n.出勤率exam n.考试failure n.失败mark n.分数grade n.年级，授课score n.分数record n.记录，唱片，学习成绩resit v.重考note n.笔记rate n.比例group n.群体，团队，小组office n.办公室parental teaching 父母的教育class n.班级reception n.接待处，招待会goal n.目标tape n.磁带video n.录像plus prep.加level n.水平，程度beginning n.开始，处级beginner n.初始者fundamental adj.基本的，基础的elementary adj.初级的advanced adj.高级的mid adj.中间的discussion n.讨论stress n.重音，压力unemployment n.失业surroundings n.环境powerlessness n.无力感too much work 工作负荷大coping with stress（如何）缓解压力diet n.饮食take regular exercise定期运动make plans 制定计划set some money 存钱do training courses上培训课open admission 免试入学制cassette n.磁带recording n.录音deadline n.最后期限dropout n.辍学cramming n.填鸭式教学feedback n.反馈videotape n.录像带hit n.引人注意的东西，技巧examination n.考试diploma n.毕业证书Nursing Diploma 护理毕业证workshop n.工作室panic n.恐惧teaching n.教学president n.总统，校长，总裁headmaster n.校长director n.主管，导演scientist n.科学家secretary n.秘书administrator n.管理者professor n.教授officer n.军官teacher n.教师tutor n.辅导教师，辅导员，导师lecturer n.授课教师adviser n.指导老师historian n.历史学家supervisor n.导师receptionist n.接待员chancellor n.校长（大学）assistant n.助手senior advisor 资深督导师1.3论文词汇paper n.报纸，论文abstract n.摘要content n.内容bibliography n.参考书目project n.工程，研究课题，项目interviewee n.受访者revision n.修改extensive adj.广泛的subject n.主题，学科survey n.测量，调查research n.研究，科研reading n.阅读data n.数据（复数）survey of reading 阅读习惯调查draft n.草稿ambition n.野心，抱负well-organized 论文结构组织很好subtopics n.小标题questionnaire n.问卷interview n.&v.面试，采访respondent n.被调查者总称literature n.文学conclusion n.结论random adj.随机的index n.索引topic n.话题presentation n.学生在国外课上的演讲background n.背景theoretical background 理论背景example n.例子training n.培训laser n.激光printing n.打印area n.地方，部分chapter n.章节case study n.个案分析report n.报告review of literaturen.文献综述method n.方法title n.标题approach n.方法，接近theory n.理论whiteboard n.白板aid n.帮助overhead adj.头上的objective n.目标visual adj.视觉的finding n.发现faculty n.系heading n.标题subtitle n.小标题，字幕observation n.观察strategy n.策略outline n.提纲script n.手稿summary n.摘要scientific adj.科学的reference n.参考书目，证明人review n.评论analysis n.分析1.4—1.7图书馆词汇...library n.图书馆catalog n.目录due n.应付费renewal n.更新，续借overdue and pay a fine 过期并交罚款out on loan 借出的category n.种类closed reserve 只读不借circulation n.循环classification n.分类bibliography n.书目periodical n.（magazines andjournals）期刊reserve ＝book inadvance预借interlibrary service图书馆际服务open shelves 开架书库close shelves 闭架书库check out 登记并借出delivery desk 借书台internet system 互联网系统recall v.回忆，要求归还某物pink n.粉色slip n.一张纸stack n.书库circle n.圆copy n.复印card index 卡片索引classmate n.同学student n.学生local adj.当地的freshman n.大一学生sophomore n.大二学生junior n.大三学生senior n.大四学生adj.高级的board n.木版，董事会day pupil 只是白天来上学的学生candidate n.候选人，考生representative n.代表bachelor n.学士applicant n.申请者graduate n.毕业生overseas adj.海外的mature adj.成熟的degree n.学位certificate n.证书publication n.出版物newsletters n.简报booklet n.小册子notebook n.笔记本handbook n.手册passage n.文章textbook n.教材journal n.学术期刊introduction n.简介handout n.讲义journal n.杂志article n.文章，用品Forbes n.福布斯newspaper n.报纸Baked Earth 贝克.厄斯1.8普通用词facility n.设施laptop n.笔记本电脑microphone n.麦克风spiral adj.螺旋的narrator n.叙述者education n.教育modern adj.现代的achievement n.成功sentence n.句子parental adj.父母的monologue n.独白understanding n.理解recommendation n.推荐further adj.进一步的information n.信息noticeboard n.布告栏technical adj.科技的department n.系，商店system n.系统，体系meeting n.会议conference n.正式会议congress n.大会，议会important adj.重要的detail n.细节material n.材料cleaning equipment 清洁设备keyword n.关键词public adj.公共的infrastructure n.基础设施music n.音乐specialized adj.特别的，专门的planning n.计划Oxford n.牛津Cambridge n.剑桥cheaper adj.便宜些的full-time 全日制list n.单子，列表，一览表，清单team n.队伍，小组equipment n.设备culture n.文化general adj.普通的，笼统的，泛泛的quality n.质量college n.学院practical adj.实际的clear adj.清楚的theatre n.戏院，剧院thought n.想法service n.服务standard n.标准schedule n.时间表support n.&v.支持review n.复习learning styles 学习方式choice n.选择higher adj.更高的vocation n.行业，职业profession n.职业occupation n.职业experiment n.实验reader n.读者suggestion n.建议communication n.交流international adj.国际的issue n.问题priority n.优先school n.学校distance n.距离vocabulary n.词汇common adj.普通的jam n.堵塞point n.要点，分数field n.领域prepare v.准备complete v.完成adj.完全的auditorium n.礼堂break v.休息，破，碎n.休息，不遵守daily adj.每日的photo n.照片aim n.目的adult n.成人resource n.资源nursing n.护理lab n.实验室guidance n.指导speech n.演讲printed adj.打印出来book n.书，v.预订thinking n.思考drama n.戏剧style n.风格source n.来源guide n.导游，指导option n.选择text n.文章passage n.一节，一段holiday n.假期institution n.机构academic adj.学术的university facilities 大学设施socia activities 社会活动medium n.中度，媒体signature n.签名previous adj.原来的solve n.解决application n.申请，应用survival n.生存access n.接近，进入mass n.大众university n.大学marketing n.市场营销update v.更新Wollongong n.卧龙岗center n.中心investigator n.调查人similar adj.相似的editor n.编辑laboratory n.实验室formula n.公式argument n.论证global adj.全球的booklist n.书目单lesson n.课程encyclopedia n.百科全书wide adj.广泛的expert n.专家healthcare n.健康保健intelligent adj.智力的vacation n.假期techniques n.技术chart n.图表habit n.习惯dictation n.听写Trinity n.三一学院oral adj.口语的speaking n.口语audio adj.声音的monopoly n.垄断enquiry n.咨询description n.描述royal adj.皇家的submit n.上交，提供headphones n.耳机special audio equipment 特别听力设备final adj.最后的 n.决赛，期末考试union n.工会close-up 特写镜头composition n.组成部分，作文campus n.校园intelligence n.智力form n.表格ability n.能力secondary adj.第二的humans n.人类social adj.社会的rule n.规则2.1—2.3花费...payable adj.可支付的bill n.账单fare n.车船费用cost n.成本，花费fee n.杂费（指水电电话费等）rent n.房租costly adj.昂贵的，费钱的cover v.包括expense n.花费deposit n.押金shortage n.不足charge n.收费finance n.金融expenditure n.经费tuition n.学费financial adj.金融的loan n.贷款scholarship n.奖学金grant n.助学金order n.命令check n.检查，支票card n.卡片in advance 预先price n.价格visa n.签证spending n.花费extra adj.额外的discount n.打折on sale 打折purse n.钱包dollar n.美金bank n.银行diary n.日记sale n.销售credit n.信用，信誉currency n.货币Yen n.日元Australian dollars澳元optional adj.可选择的money n.钱cash n.现金debt n.债务transfer v.转换lender n.借钱给别人的人pocket n.口袋statement n.陈述mileage n.里程表class n.类别investment n.投资wealth n.财富fortune n.财产concert n.音乐会refund v.退还，退款allowance n.津贴subsidy n.津贴pension n.养老金saving n.存钱stock n.存活，股票prize n.奖金pensioner n.领退休金者capital n.资金，首都low income 低收入tax n.税收tour n.旅游hiking n.徒步旅行bag-packer 肩背大包的自助旅行的人party n.晚会special party hats 晚会戴的帽子banquet n.宴会feast n.盛宴travel n.旅游lookout points 观看风景embassy n.大使馆cottage n.小屋church n.教堂location n.地理位置brochure n.小册子waterfall n.瀑布view n.风景，视线，观点garden n.花园country n.国家，乡村village n.山村，村庄car n.汽车vehicle n.车俩planner n.计划museum n.博物馆station n.车站park n.公园ticket n.票boat n.船safety n.安全evening n.夜晚，晚会train n.火车return n.往返store n.商场entrance n.入口zoo n.动物园recreation n.娱乐property n.财产family n.家庭parent n.父母child n.儿童kid n.儿童surname n.姓mother n.母亲elder n.长辈the old 老人personnel n.职员brother n.兄弟passenger n.旅客shopper n.购物者commuter n.通勤者traveler n.游客tourist n.游客thief n.小偷2.4交通ransport v.运送rush n.赶快train n.火车traffic n.交通congestion n.拥挤wheel n.方向盘，车轮ferry n.轮渡coach n.长途汽车bicycle n.自行车taxi n.出租车trolley n.电车steam n.蒸汽driver n.司机rental n.租cable n.电缆walk n.步行tractor n.拖拉机motorcycle n.摩托车cycle n.自行车light n.灯bus n.公共汽车railway n.铁路underground adj.地下的wheelchair n.轮椅cave n.洞穴temple n.寺庙tool n.工具tower n.塔Japanese Pagoda 日本塔regulation n.规章制度entertainment n.娱乐wise adj.明智的advisable adj.明智的dangerous adj.危险的hazardous adj.冒险的，危险的agency n.代理机构，中介fossil n.化石leisure n.休闲route n.路线reserve n.预定ballroom n.舞会safari n.野生动物园flight n.航班castle n.城堡touring n.旅游woods n.森林lake n.湖occasion n.场合site n.位置，地点passport n.护照smoking n.吸烟date n.日期poor area 不发达的地区place n.位置weekly adj.每周的emergency n.紧急central adj.中央的town n.小镇wildlife n.野生动物、植物postcode n.邮编region n.地区mountain n.山脉ancient adj.古代的palace n.宫殿map n.地图parking n.停车setting n.位置position n.位置，方位beach n.海滩creek n.小溪manmade dam 人造大坝wretched boat 废弃的船skiing n.滑雪excursion n.远足hike n.远足helmet n.头盔coastal adj.海边的tourism n.旅游业Queen's adj.女王的junction n.交汇处，交叉路口express n.表达，快递landscape n.风景per prep.每，每人population n.人口person n.人accident n.事故exhibition n.展览ocean n.海洋sea n.海洋landmark n.路标sail n.帆，乘船旅行heigh n.高度altitude n.海拔，高度destination n.目的地track n.轨迹tunnel n.隧道arm badge 胳膊带的臂章tube n.管子，地铁art n.艺术concert hall n.音乐厅greyhound n.灰狗booklet n.小册子camp n.露营2.5—2.8住宿类型...high-rise n.高层（建筑）resident n.居民suburb n.郊区outskirts n.市郊countryside n.乡村village n.小村庄cottage n.农舍小屋rural adj.乡下的flat n.公寓lounge n.休息大厅residence n.居住house n.房子city n.城市ground n.地面accommodation n.住宿roommate n.室友available adj.可获得的，有时间的bedroom n.卧室apartment n.公寓hotel n.酒店motel n.汽车旅馆foyer n.门厅bathroom n.卫生间standard suite 标准间building n.建筑物wing n.配楼，厢房landmark n.标志性的建筑block n.街区address n.地址alley n.小巷，道avenue n.大街street n.街道road n.路residential college大学里的寄宿学院postcode n.邮编shared adj.共享的occupant n.居住者girlfriend n.女友landlady n.女房东non-drinker n.不喝酒的人neighbouring adj.邻居的sound n.声音speaker n.演讲者，扬声器radio n.收音机lamp n.灯warm adj.温暖的camera n.相机towel n.毛巾vacuum n.真空hoover n.吸尘器curtain n.窗帘TV n.电视water heater 热水器phone n.电话lift n.电梯elevator n.电梯，起重机incoming n.打入的（电话）phone-in 打入电话fridge n.冰箱microwave oven 微波炉washing machine 洗衣机air-conditioner n.空调electric fan 电风扇radiator n.冷却器，电暖炉toaster n.烤面包机heating n.供热，供暖pre-booking n.预定lock n.锁shower n.淋浴basement n.地下室sheet n.床单bath n.洗澡blanket n.毯子smoke alarms 烟雾警报key adj.重要的，关键的reservation n.保留，预定private adj.私人的electricity n.电door n.门isolated adj.与世隔绝的spot n.地点remark n.评价settlement n.定居disturbance n.打扰insurance n.保险construction n.建设letter n.信，字母mail n.邮件window n.窗户smoke n.烟community n.社区code n.密码alteration n.改变decoration n.装修bedsheet n.床单garage n.车库toilet n.卫生间wall n.墙pump n.泵large-scale housing 大规模住房furniture n.家具cream adj.奶油色desk n.书桌chair n.椅子table n.桌子，图表cabinet n.橱柜drawer n.抽屉cot n.轻便小床bed n.床size n.大小double adj.双的twin room 一个房间里有两张单人床3.1—3.3饮食场景词汇restaurant n.餐厅cafe n.咖啡厅drinking n.饮水，喝drink n.饮料milk n.牛奶cola n.可乐refreshment n.饮料drinks and snacks 饮料和零食water n.水tea n.茶black n.黑色juice n.（果）汁mineral n.矿物dinner n.晚餐food n.食物eating n.吃饭cooking n.做饭burger n.汉堡smelly adj.有臭味的steak n.牛排picnic n.野餐barbecue n.烧烤rice n.大米meal n.膳食kitchen n.厨房vegetarian n.素食主义者fish n.鱼meat n.肉类cheese n.奶酪fruit n.水果sugar n.糖salt n.盐sauce n.酱油vinegar n.醋flour n.面粉utensil n.器具pizza n.披萨hot dog 热狗protein n.蛋白质spoon n.勺子vegetable n.蔬菜tomato n.西红柿starter n.开胃品desert n.沙漠dessert n.甜点dish n.菜sandwich n.三明治nut n.坚果salad n.沙拉coffee n.咖啡catering n.饮食dairy adj.牛奶的buffet n.自助餐cutlery n.餐具cup n.杯子low nutrition 低营养snack n.快餐，零食4.1—4.3休闲生活词汇shop n.商场item n.项目，货品，东西decoration n.装修，装饰interest n.兴趣festival n.节日balloon n.气球guest n.客人waiter n.服务生，男服务生waitress n.女服务员dress code 着装要求clothes n.服装casual adj.随便的cloth n.布walking n.步行swimming n.游泳dark adj.黑暗的，深色的dress n.服装，连衣裙fancy n.&adj 喜欢，奇怪的wear n.&v.穿着skirt n.短裙jeans n.牛仔服rain n.雨，下雨sportswear n.运动服sweater n.毛衣comfortable adj.舒适的trousers n.裤子uniform n.制服suit n.裤子boot n.靴子costume n.服装blouse n.女式衬衫dressing n.装饰，穿衣shoe n.鞋sandal n.凉鞋jacket n.夹克spare socks 备用袜子5.1—5.2动植物词汇animal n.动物mammal n.哺乳动物migration n.迁徙，移民bird n.鸟类falcon n.隼（猎鹰的一种）horse n.马rare adj.罕见的mosquito n.蚊子kelp n.海藻hen n.母鸡crocodile n.鳄鱼sheep n.羊shear v.剪（羊毛）spider n.蜘蛛kangaroo n.袋鼠koala n.考拉eagle n.鹰cattle n.牲畜pet n.宠物ape n.猿species adj.种类，物种sea n.大海insect n.昆虫chick n.小鸡fur n.皮毛mane n.（狮子等）鬃毛feather n.羽毛horse hair 马毛wasp n.黄蜂hard-hoofed 硬蹄的whale n.鲸鱼breeding n.繁殖lion n.狮子donkey n.驴wood n.木材wildlife n.野生动植物plant n.植物tree n.树willow n.柳树flower n.花朵crop n.庄家grain n.谷物vegetation n.植被lemon n.柠檬planting n.种植weed n.野草6.1—6.3社会生活词汇industry n.工业，产业company n.公司farming n.农业agriculture n.农业employ v.雇佣staff n.员工accountant n.会计manager n.经理engine n.发动机cleaner n.清洁工customer n.顾客contact n.接触telephone n.电话colleague n.同事market n.市场vacancy n.空缺organization n.组织farm n.农场firm n.&adj.公司，坚实的natural n.&adj.自然色，自然的fishing n.钓鱼clean adj.干净的power n.权力，能源recruit n.招聘shift v.倒班cooperation n.合作forest n.森林wetland n.沼泽地，湿地product n.产品salary n.薪水payment n.报酬wind n.风velvet n.天鹅绒industrial adj.工业的syndicate n.财团action n.行动director n.主任，董事，导演regular adj.规律的factory n.工厂commission n.委员会business n.商业，商务growth n.成长council n.委员会trip n.旅行role n.角色corporation n.公司subcommittee n.小组委员会welfare n.福利flexible adj.灵活的position n.位置，职位extension n.分机，延期police n.警察cop n.（男）警察violent adj.猛烈的，暴力的crime n.犯罪7.1—7.6医疗场景词汇medicine n.药物antibiotics n.抗生素capsule n.胶囊pill n.药丸aspirin n.阿司匹林mixture n.合剂eyedrops n.眼药水vitamin n.维他命ointment n.药膏syrup n.糖浆cream n.奶油，药膏penicillin n.盘尼西林injection n.注射table n.药片herb n.草药drug n.药品painkillers n.止痛片medical adj.医疗的symptom n.症状sore throat 嗓子痛fever n.发烧cough n.咳嗽stomachache n.胃痛headache n.头痛toothache n.牙痛allergic adj.过敏的dizzy n.头晕insomnia n.失眠stiff neck 脖子发僵drowsiness n.睡意stuffed nose 鼻子不通disease n.疾病flu n.流感heart disease 心脏病pneumonia n.肺炎yellow fever n.黄热病epidemic n.流行病attack n.袭击allergy n.过敏infection n.发炎sleep n.睡觉drowsiness n.嗜睡，睡意injury n.受伤wound n.伤，创伤chest n.胸部teeth n.牙齿sight n.视觉malaria n.疟疾insomnia n.失眠disabled adj.肢体有残疾的surgeon n.外科医生physician n.内科医生oculist n.眼科医生（＝eye doctor）dentist n.牙医vet n.兽医psychiatric adj.精神病的nurse n.护士patient n.病人clinic n.诊所bandage n.绷带injection n.注射take one'stemperature 量体温give a prescription开药方make an appointment预约X-ray n.X射线prescribe v.开药方finger n.手指chin n.下巴eyes n.眼睛nose n.鼻子mouth n.嘴巴ear n.耳朵neck n.脖子，颈部jaw n.颚，颌，下巴illness n.疾病vaccine n.疫苗bacteria n.细菌scar n.伤疤male n.男性internal adj.内部的treatment n.治疗stomach n.胃，腹部chemist's n.药店heart n.心脏lung n.肺recipe n.处方therapy n.理疗，疗法health n.健康sick adj.生病的relaxation n.放松unhealthy adj.不健康的beats n.跳动的次数hospital n.医院precaution n.预防optic adj.光学的cycle n.循环mental adj.精神的physical adj.肉体的prevention n.预防ambulance救护车blood n.血ankle n.踝germ n.细菌8—9环境、运动词汇plastic n.塑料waste n.浪费care n.关注，照顾pollution n.污染air n.空气rubbish n.垃圾garbage n.废物recycled adj.回收的nature n.自然green n.绿色El Nion 厄尔尼诺现象impact n.影响influence n.影响atmospheric adj.大气的drop-off 放下warming n.变暖recycling n.回收sewage n.污水sewer n.下水道handing n.处理contaminant n.污染物temperature n.温度20 centigrade 20摄氏度damage n.毁坏carbon n.碳dioxide n.二氧化碳organic adj.有机的hall n.大厅fitness n.健身personal trainer 私人教练（缩写PT）club n.俱乐部centre n.中心sports n.体育activity n.活动muscle n.肌肉yoga n.瑜珈bowling n.保龄球skating n.滑冰badminton n.羽毛球tennis n.网球exercise n.练习weight n.重量cycling n.骑自行车martial adj.武术的membership n.会员资格consultant n.咨询者，顾问instructor n.教练referee n.裁判员judge n.评委umpire n.裁判员running facilities跑步的设施water-skiing 划水gym n.体育馆sportsman n.男运动员10其他类词汇adopt vt.收养cleanest adj.最干净的artificial adj.人工的footprint n.足迹，脚印advantage n.优势kaleidoscope n.万花筒question n.问题word n.单词plate n.盘子，图版third pron.第三lack v.缺乏working n.工作reason n.理由skill n.技能problem n.问题advice n.建议type n.类型，种类million n.百万film n.胶卷，电影goods n.物品famous adj.着名的factor n.因素world n.世界seat n.座位century n.世纪idea n.主意female n.女性male n.男性speed n.速度angry adj.生气的，气愤的cause n.起因clock n.钟energy n.能量experience n.经验，v.体验government n.政府result n.结果offer v.提供quantity n.数量fire n.火灾v.解雇top n.顶尖trouble n.麻烦purpose n.目的aim n.瞄准relation n.关系painting n.绘画hand n.手，指针range n.范围demonstration n.示威，演示least adv.最少，最小confidence n.自信differece n.差异，差别requirement n.要求glass n.玻璃，眼镜contact lenses 隐形眼镜effect n.效果，影响，作用efficient adj.有效地individual adj.个人的personal adj.个人的variety n.种类chance n.机会hint n.暗示attentive adj.注意的awareness n.意识luck n.运气fortune n.运气solution n.解决various adj.各种的machine n.机器condition n.状况，条件unusual adj.非同寻常的appearance n.外貌notice n.注意attention n.注意，专心feature n.特点guy n.家伙dominant adj.最主要的main adj.主要的focus v.集中，聚焦career n.事业part-time adj.兼职的sense n.感觉regularly adv.定期地original n.最初的special adj.特别的personality n.个性character n.品质，特性gender n.性别related adj.相关的total n.总数responsibility n.责任army n.军队military adj.军人的，军队的sample n.样本pottery n.瓷器cinema n.电影院qualification n.资格selection n.选择promising adj.有前途的migratory adj.迁移的CD n.光盘photograph n.照片popular adj.时髦的fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的matching n.搭配supply v.提供offer v.提供noble adj.高尚的，贵族的aristocrat n.贵族British adj.英国的collection n.收集ignorance n.无知explosion n.爆炸blast n.爆炸model n.模型foreign adj.国外的domestic adj.国内的tone n.某种语言的音调document n.文件heavy adj.重的attention n.注意fashion n.时尚silver adj.银的strong adj.强壮的stout adj.（形容人）结实的，强壮的slim adj.苗条的united adj.联合的normal adj.正常的theatre n.剧院fiber n.纤维tribe n.部落process n.过程exaggerate v.夸张overstate v.夸大side n.面，边several adj.几个a couple of 几个identification n.识别，身份volunteer n.自愿者technology n.科技direct adj.直接的short adi.短的classical adj.古典的architecture n.建筑物storehouse n.仓库useful adj.有用的helpful adj.有用的disco n.迪斯科participant n.参加者trend n.趋势maximum n.最大minimum n.最小lawyer n.律师familiar adj.熟悉的placement n.放置conquest n.征服overcome v.克服impossible adj.不可能的farmer n.农民identity n.身份cultivation n.培育foster v.培养breed v.喂养lifestyle n.生活方式hobby n.爱好fraud n.诈骗，假货fake adj.假的，伪造的performance n.表演，表现picture n.图inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的exciting adj.令人兴奋的rising adj.上升的ascending adj.上升的simple adj.简单的amount n.数量average n.平均delegate n.代表fly n.飞行behavior n.行为spare adj.多余的export v.出口import v.进口commercial n.电视广告benefit n.优势west n.西部east n.东部formal adj.正式的cocktail n.鸡尾酒cite v.引证，表扬land n.土地organizer n.组织者rapid adj.快速的challenging adj.挑战的controversy n.争论percentage n.百分比rate n.比率harmful adj.有害的successful adj.成功的safe adj.安全的nervous adj.紧张的strained adj.紧张的convenient adj.方便的line n.队airport n.机场port n.港口island n.岛屿stone n.石头adequate adj.令人满意的hat n.帽子writer n.作家state n.州player n.选手willow n.柳树reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的weather n.天气conversation n.对话gap n.缝隙crack n.裂缝temper n.脾气touching n.接触space n.空间charity n.慈善charitableorganization 慈善机构intact adj.完好无缺的donation n.捐款bone n.骨头skeleton n.骨架announcement n.宣布declaration n.宣告decision n.决定solar adj.太阳的tractor n.拖拉机mobile adj.太阳的night n.夜晚length n.长度association n.协会soil n.土壤sex n.性别desire n.欲望discomfort n.不是的地方client n.客户basic adj.基础的redundant adj.多余的bowl n.碗abbreviation n.缩写flourish n.繁荣youth n.年轻人，青年pressure n.压力blond adj.金发的wave n.波浪shelter n.遮蔽处refuge n.避难所plan n.计划useless adj.没用的dialogue n.对话dedication n.奉献attempt n.&v.努力noisy adj.嘈杂的handy adj.方便的magazine n.杂志owner n.所有者profit n.利润figure n.数字kit n.工具箱irregular adj.不规则的carpet n.地毯dust n.灰尘resistant adj.抵抗的conservation n.保留，保护区nap n.小睡doze v.小睡，打盹儿hard-working 努力工作workload n.工作量isolation n.隔离pie n.饼frequent adj.经常的loyal adj.忠诚的satisfactory adj.满意的perk n.额外收入discount n.打折give sb. a sack 解雇kick sb. out of work解雇favor n.喜爱law n.法律robber n.强盗burglar n.夜盗thief n.小偷threat n.威胁blind adj.盲的step n.步骤，台阶grammar n.语法Internet n.互联网award n.奖励image n.形象gesture n.手势female n.女性making n.制造advertising n.广告precious adj.珍贵的duty n.责任abuse v.虐待domestic violence 家庭暴力dependent adj.依赖的ray n.光线acid n.酸washing n.洗robot n.机器人elements n.因素clever adj.聪明的smart adj.聪明的souvenir n.纪念品helpline n.版主热线width n.宽度favorite adj.最喜爱的online n.在线flag n.旗instrument n.仪器，乐器guitar n.吉他piano n.钢琴design n.设计beat v.跳动pair n.副telescope n.望远镜delivery n.发送，送货sharp adj.锋利的，紧急的pleasure n.乐趣delight n.高兴institute n.机构visible adj.可见的silence n.安静dispute n.争端controversy n.争议debate n.辩论shuttle n.穿梭rat n.老鼠golf n.高尔夫risk n.冒险adventure n.冒险surprise n.惊奇maid n.女仆pal n.伙伴actor n.男演员flow n.流量measurement n.测量stability n.稳定enormous adj.广泛的broad adj.广泛的timber n.木材draw n.绘图concession n.让步existence n.存在baldness n.秃头gold n.金子divorce n.离婚breath-taking adj.令人屏住呼吸的majority n.多数exchange n.交换net n.网slang n.俚语switch n.开关overall adj.整个的whole adj.整个的pattern n.模式，花纹ground n.场地fair adj.公平的memorise v.记住corpse n.尸体keeper n.养育者ending n.结果texture n.质地super adj.超级的rock n.岩石branch n.分支，分部information adj.通知的，有消息的agreement n.同意high quality camera 高质量的相机domestic n.内部的religion n.宗教empty adj.空的package n.包装distant adj.远的remote adj.远的fair adj.美丽的，公平的story n.故事evidence n.证据positive adj.积极地negative adj.消极的exciting adj.令人兴奋的conqueror n.征服者distribution n.分布confirmation n.证实，确认virtually adv.几乎almost v.几乎，差不多worthwhile adj.值得的main adj.主要的grass n.草cliff n.悬崖physically adv.身体地irrigation n.灌溉scarce adj.不足的removal n.去掉low-risk 低风险cannibal n.食人者herbivorous adj.食草的scent n.气味scheme n.方案overhead view 俯视visitor n.访问者tile n.瓦likelihood n.可能性possibility n.可能性danger n.危险hazardous adj.危险地pure adj.纯洁的repeat n.&v.重复correspondence n.写信letter n.信件unanimous adj.意见一致的depth n.深度approval n.同意enthusiasm n.热情housekeeping n.家务管理emotion n.感情performer n.表演者miserable adj.痛苦的craft n.手艺hero n.英雄politics n.政治author n.作者serious adj.严肃的prone n.容易，倾向于essential adj.基本的fundamental adj.基本的steel n.钢材traditional adj.传统的ordinary n.普通的preposition n.介词wing n.翅膀，翼watchdog n.警察局的名称second-hand adj.二手的cheerful adj.高兴的negative n.负片reform n.改革contract n.合同，印花税barren adj.贫瘠的event n.事件intervention n.干涉metal n.金属kiosk n.小卖部seven-screen adj.7个屏幕的handball n.手球independence n.独立age n.年纪immune adj.免疫的warehouse n.仓库，仓储超市self-defence n.自卫carving n.雕刻privacy n.隐私apostrophe n.右上角省略号poll n.（民意）调查elbow n.肘hunting n.打猎self-discipline n.自我约束tune n.曲调expansion v.扩展sailing n.航行rows n.横排maintain v.维修former adj.以前的previous n.以前的surrounding n.周围toy n.玩具expectancy n.期待fabric n.纺织品section n.部分star n.恒星artistic adj.艺术的self-funded adj.自给自足的self-sufficient adj.自给自足的addition n.额外sacked adj.被解雇的preference n.偏爱flash n.闪exception n.例外reinforced adj.加强的highly-trained adj.高度训练的vary v.变化pure adj.纯洁的harbour n.港口port n.港口skin n.皮肤heroine n.女主人公exposure n.曝光inability n.没能力pianist n.钢琴家housing n.住房naught n.零stair n.楼梯complaint n.抱怨noise n.噪声potential adj.潜在的value n.价值mixture n.混合物irritable adj.易怒的arrival n.到达satisfaction n.满意status n.地位stage n.舞台，阶段permit n.许可证discovery n.发现parcel n.包裹sufficient adj.充分的subjective adj.主观的objective adj.客观的page n.页码usual adj.普通的latest adj.最新的development n.发展rehearsal n.演习，彩排weapon n.武器trade n.贸易innovation n.革新lava n.火山岩theft n.盗窃knowledge n.知识curly adj.卷发的cotton n.棉花mill v.研磨，磨细magic adj.魔术的systematic adj.系统的shell n.贝壳unique adj.独特的polish v.抛光，擦亮knife n.刀critical adj.批评的consumption n.消费crisis n.危机belt n.带子steady adj.稳定的deteriorate v.恶化surface n.表面seasoned adj.风干的cupboard n.橱柜inland n.内陆free adj.自由的response n.回答answer n.回答jewelry n.珠宝journalist n.记者repair v.修理cage n.笼子candle n.蜡烛wax n.蜡sensible adj.明智的depression n.沮丧layer n.阶层ambiguous adj.有歧义的excuse n.借口lessen v.减轻layout n.平面图reflectance n.反射系数reserve n.保留book in advance 预定genetic adj.遗传的import n.进口tribute n.贡品bridge n.桥chat n.聊天strike n.罢工basis n.基础amazing adj.令人惊讶的reliable adj.可依赖的shelf n.架子frequency n.频率enhance v.提高improve v.改善petrol n.汽油adequate adj.充足的。
托福听力之学科词汇
学科词汇汇总antibody 抗体toxin 毒素immunity 免疫immunology 免疫学vaccine 疫苗fungus 真菌bacteria 细菌fermentation 发酵inflection 传染/ 感染microorganism / microbe 微生物virus 病毒disfection 消毒sterilization 灭菌biology 生物学marine biology 海洋生物学entomology 昆虫学ornithology 鸟类学microbiology 微生物学genetics 遗传学speciology 物种学parasitology 寄生虫学paleontology 古生物学paleontologist 古生物学家dinosaur 恐龙die out / extinction 灭绝mammal 哺乳动物carnivore 食肉动物rodent 啮齿类动物underwater 水下的marine海洋的scuba水下呼吸器diving 潜水/ 跳水one-celled organism 单细胞有机体tissue（动植物细胞的）组织protective camouflage 保护色predator 捕猎者oceanic. 海洋的snail 蜗牛animal adaptation 动物适应性survival of the fittest 适者生存origin of species 物种起源wild environment 野生环境insecticide 杀虫剂prenatal care 产后护理habitat 栖息地tentacle 触须prey 捕食navigate 导航tiny receptor 接收器nerve / specimen 物种amphibian 两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少gene 基因genetic 基因的，遗传的endangered species 濒危动物survival 活着的transition 转变/过渡microbe 微生物yeast 酵母（菌）bacteria 细菌single-cell 单细胞reptile 爬行类动物hatch 孵化incubation 孵化nest 巢offspring 子孙chew up 咀嚼unfertilized eggs 未受精卵nutrient 营养品nourishment营养品/ 食物feed 喂养cannibalism 同类相食respiration 呼吸ingestion 摄食digestion 消化digestive enzyme 消化酶cell 细胞nucleus 细胞核cytoplasm 细胞质plasma lemma / cell membrane 细胞膜cell wall细胞壁protein 蛋白质amino acid 核酸plankton 浮游生物heredity 遗传mutation of species 物种变异chromosome 染色体genetic engineering 遗传工程solitary 独居social 群居bio-diversity 生物多样性metamorphosis 变态/变形mutation 变种variation 变异zoology 动物学Darwinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择phylum 门class 纲order 目suborder亚目family 科genus 属species种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic life 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian/amphibious animal 两栖动物protozoa 原生动物rodent 啮齿动物ruminant 反刍动物parasitic animal 寄生动物primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物（如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等）herbivore 食草动物mammal 哺乳动物homotherm 恒温动物cold-blooded animal 冷血动物poikilotherm 变温动物scavenger 食腐动物carnivorous 食肉的herbivorous 食草的omnivorous 杂食的bird 鸟类camouflage['kæmuflɑ:ʒ伪装hibernate 冬眠；蛰伏regeneration 再生predatory / carnivore食肉的predator 捕食者prey 捕食hordes/swarms（昆虫等）群flock（牛、羊等）群community 动物的群落或人的部落population 种群herd 兽群hygiene 卫生sanitation 公共卫生；卫生设施monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous 一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic 游牧的；流浪的trapper 诱捕动物者niche 小生态环境vestige退化器fertilizer 使受精metabolism 新陈代谢breed（名词）品种；（动词）繁殖multiply / reproduce 繁殖spawn（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物scales 鳞feathers 羽毛armor 甲spinal cord 脊椎digestive system 消化系统excretory system 排泄系统reproductive system 生殖系统circulatory system 循环系统respiratory system呼吸系统hormonal system 内分泌系统digestive duct 消化管esophagus 食管stomach 胃small intestine小肠large intestine 大肠anus 肛门digestive gland 消化腺salivary gland唾液腺liver 肝gallbladder 胆pancreas 胰squirrel 松鼠marten 貂bat 蝙蝠squeak（老鼠等）吱吱otter 水獭antelope 羚羊gorilla 大猩猩chimpanzee 黑猩猩baboon 狒狒hyena 鬣狗moose 驼鹿beaver 海狸elk 麋鹿reindeer 驯鹿giraffe 长颈鹿rhinoceros 犀牛hippo 河马sloth 树懒slothful 懒惰的frog 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪salamander 蝾螈scorpion蝎子turtle 龟lizard 蜥蜴chameleon 变色龙alligator/ cayman / crocodile 鳄鱼centipede 蜈蚣robin 知更鸟owl 猫头鹰barnacle 北极鹅penguin 企鹅canary 金丝雀chirp（鸟、虫的叫声）vulture 秃鹫crane 鹤stork鹳ptarmigan 雷鸟migrate 迁移plumage 羽体camouflage 伪装wing 翅膀bill 鸟嘴beak（鹰等的）嘴insect昆虫:wasp 黄蜂hornet 大黄蜂spider 蜘蛛pest 害虫worm 虫/蠕虫cicada 蝉mantis 螳螂cockroach 蟑螂earthworm 蚯蚓antenna / tentacle 触须larva 幼虫jellyfish 水母nettle fish 海蜇coral 珊瑚dolphin 海豚whale 鲸鱼shrimp 小虾prawn 对虾lobster 龙虾crab螃蟹mussel 贻贝；蚌类clam 蛤蜊oyster 牡蛎sponge 海绵starfish 海星squid 鱿鱼；乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole 鳎；鳎目鱼plaice 鲽，红斑比目鱼botany 植物学botanical / botanic 植物学的horticulture 园艺学aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层/顶棚foliage / leaf 叶leaflet 小叶rosette（叶的）丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot / sprout 嫩芽/抽枝flower 花bud 花蕾petal 花瓣peel / skin 果皮shell（硬）果壳husk（干）果壳/（玉米）苞叶trunk 树干bark 树皮branch 树枝bough 大或者粗的树枝twig 小树枝jungle丛林lawn 草坪meadow 草地/牧场prairie 大草原mosses 苔藓shrub / bush 灌木cluster 一簇（灌木）fern 蕨类植物horsetails 木贼类植物club mosses 石松类植物herb 草photosynthesis光合作用chlorophyll 叶绿素symbiosis 共生symbiotic 共生的wither / shrivel / fade 凋谢blossom 花pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉petal 花瓣nectar 花蜜tissue 组织organ 器官system 系统seeds种子everlasting永久的crossbreed 杂交root pressure 根压bore 腔/肠cohesion-tension 凝聚压力column 花柱necrosis 坏死barren 贫瘠的；不生育的futile 无用的carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物（淀粉）glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养perennial 多年一生的annual 一年一生的verdant 绿油油的，嫩绿的，翠绿的evergreen 常青树conifer tree针叶树larch 落叶松pine 松树spruce 云杉juniper 刺柏；杜松sequoia 红杉elm 榆树walnut 核桃树redwood 红木树plum blossom 梅花orchid 兰花chrysanthemum 菊花water lily 荷花/莲花rhododendron杜鹃花rose 玫瑰carnation 康乃馨lily 百合jasmine 茉莉花helianthus / heliotrope / sunflower 向日葵camellia 茶花corn / maize / mealie 玉米pumpkin 南瓜tomato 番茄lettuce 莴苣cabbage 卷心菜wheat 小麦rye 黑麦barley 大麦oats 燕麦meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家meteorological station 气象站forecast / predict 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层stratosphere 平流层mesosphere 中间层ionosphere 电离层exosphere 逸散层cold front 冷锋warm air mass 热气团current（气）流moisture 潮湿，水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp / moist / humid 潮湿humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿/ 水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost霜fog / mist 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水condense 浓缩crystal水晶体sheet（水、冰、雪的）一层downpour / torrential rain 大雨tempest (storm) / torrential rain 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard / snowstorm 暴风雪avalanche / snow slide 雪崩precipitation（雨、露、雪等）降水thunder 雷breeze 微风sandstorm 沙暴monsoon 季风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado / twister / cyclone 龙卷风wind scale 风级tsunami / seismic sea wave 海啸tidal wave 潮汐；浪潮upper atmosphere 上层大气funnel 漏斗云disaster / calamity /catastrophe 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾convection 对流wind velocity 风速wind direction 风向long-range forecast 长期预报numerical weather prediction 数值天气预报nephanalysis 云层分析；卫星云图crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer / stratum 地层stratigraphy 地层学fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift / crack / split 断裂disintegration /decomposition 分解erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩limestone 石灰岩granite 花岗岩marble 大理石lithosphere 岩石圈magma / molten lava 岩浆quartz 石英mineral 矿物ore 矿石deposit 矿床rubble 碎石debris 残骸platinum 白金/ 铂金silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞/水银sodium 钠gem 宝石diamond钻石emerald 绿宝石ruby 红宝石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch / age / period 冰川期glacial drift 冰渍moraines 冰碛iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山(sloping) shield volcano 盾状火山（平缓）(steep-sided) cone volcano 锥状火山（陡峭）eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口caldera （开口较大的）火山口depression 洼地，凹陷处；盆地lava 火山岩浆volcanic dust 火山尘volcanic ash 火山灰geyser 间歇喷泉hot spring 温泉earthquake / quake / tremor / seism 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic intensity scale 震烈度seismic wave 地震波transverse wave 横波longitudinal wave 纵波epicenter 震中epicentral distance 震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm 灾变tsunami / tidal / force 海啸undersea landslide海底山崩melt global warming 全球逐渐变暖aquifer 蓄水层swamp 沼泽peat bog 泥炭沼泽Great Canyon 大峡谷Nile River 尼罗河Colorado river 科罗拉多河crumples zones 地质缓冲地带bedrock 岩床bulge 凸起物archaeology 考古学paleontology 古生物学anthropology 人类学archaeologist 人类学家pale-anthropologist古人类学家ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家originate起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同以种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族excavation 挖掘excavate / unearth 挖掘ruins 遗迹/废墟remains 遗产/遗骸artifact 手工艺品relic 遗物/文物antique 古物/古董antiquity 古代/古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age 青铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的morphology 形态学skull 颅骨cranial 颅骨的fossil 化石ancient civilization 古代文明cave man 山顶洞人cultural relics 文物rock painting 岩画hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线/ 经线parallel 平行圈latitude 纬线longitude 经线/ 经度elevation 海拔altitude 高度/ 海拔horizon 地平线equator 赤道temperature latitudes 温带地区tropics 热带地区Arctic / the North Pole 北极Antarctic / Antarctica 南极the Antarctic Continent南极洲the Antarctic Circle南极圈the Arctic Circle 北极圈aurora 极光tropics of Cancer 北回归线tropics of Capricorn 南回归线international date line 国际日期变更线time difference 时差time zone 时区topography 地形/ 地形学plain 平原plateau / highland 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地oasis 绿洲enclave 飞地peak 山峰cordillera /ranges 山脉carven / cave 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean 地底下coastland 沿海地区coastline 海岸线watershed 分水岭upper reaches 上游lower reaches 下游tributary 支流deposit 沉积spring / fountain 泉水iceberg 冰山riverbed 河床gulf / bay 海湾waterfall 瀑布cascade 小瀑布；喷流reef 暗礁tide 湖水torrent水的急流tropical rain forest 热带雨林continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛islet 小岛peninsular 半岛archipelago 群岛delta 三角洲landlocked area 内陆inland waterway 内陆河subcontinent次大陆cliff 山崖valley 山谷hillside / mountain slope 山坡continental shelf 大陆架canyon / gorge 峡谷channel / strait 海峡remote-sensing 遥感的terrestrial 地球的/ 陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal 地热terrestrial magnetism 地磁continental drift 大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading 海床扩展evaporation 蒸发salinity 含盐度ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉积物tropical 热带的temperate温带的frigid 寒带的frost heaving 冻胀现象tundra 苔原，冻原fieldstone 卵石the Mediterranean Sea 地中海the primeval forest 原始森林Scandinavia 斯堪的纳维亚(半岛)(瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称)Fjord [fjɔ:d]峡湾coral reef 珊瑚礁Chalk 白垩纪cataclysm 大洪水ridge 山脊；分水岭abyss 深渊territory 版图；领土地域Pyrenees 比利牛斯山脉Carpathians 喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius 维苏威火山Pompeii 庞贝precipice悬崖eon 世；纪；代glacier 冰河Pangaea 盘古大陆dune 沙丘Lagoon 咸水湖astronomy 天文学astronomical observatory 天文台planetarium 天文馆astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos / universe 宇宙cosmology 宇宙infinite 无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天体的celestial body / heavenly body天体celestial map / sky atlas 天体图celestial sphere 天球dwarf / dwarf star 矮星quasar 类星体constellation 星座galaxy / Milky Way 银河系star cluster 星团asterism 星群solar system 太阳系solar corona 日冕solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星planetoid / asteroid小行星revolve 旋转twinkle 闪烁naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite卫星lunar 月球的meteor流星meteor shower 流星雨star 恒星meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space / outer space 太空，外层空间spacecraft / spaceship 宇宙飞船space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope 空间望远镜astronaut / spaceman 宇航员space suit 宇航服stellar 恒星的intergalactic 星系间的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云space debris太空垃圾ammonia 氨photosphere光球；光球层chromospheres 色球；色球层日冕层sunspot 太阳黑子（发生在光球层）flare 耀斑（发生在色球层）solar prominence 日珥（发生在色球层）convection zone 对流层vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线absolute magnitude 绝对量级emission 发射/散发high-resolution 高清晰度interferometer 干扰仪，干涉仪illusive object 幻影体faint 微弱的image影像gravitational force 吸引力molten 融化的leap year闰年rotation 自传revolution 公转black hole 黑洞ultraviolet ray 紫外线luminosity 光度light year 光年ecology 生态学ecosystem 生态系统balance of nature 自然界生态平衡fauna 动物群flora 植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer / ozonosphere 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气控制water pollution 水污染noxious / toxic 有毒的fumes（有毒的）废气waste 废物solid waste 固体废物sewage / wastewater 污水sewage purification 污水净化swage disposal 污水处理decibel（噪音）分贝fossil fuel 矿物燃料process of photo synthesis 光合作用solar energy 太阳能nonrenewable 不可再生的energy conservation 保护能源resource 资源energy source 能源资源tidal energy潮汐能fuel-efficient 节能型的rush hour 高峰期zero emission 零辐射wildness 野生/天然preservation 保护atmosphere 大气carbon 碳dioxide 二氧化物burning of coal and oil 煤油燃烧global warming 全球变暖greenhouse effect温室效应rise in sea level 海平面上升long-term climatic change 长期的气候变化environmental recycling center 再循环利用中心litter/trash garbage 垃圾pollutant 污染物desertification 沙漠化deforest 滥伐森林drought 干旱water shortage 水源缺乏offshore spillage 近海岸溢出carbon dioxide release 二氧化碳排放industrial sewage 工业污水recycling 再循环purify 净化deteriorate 恶化acid rain 酸雨sewage disposal 污水处理environment protection 环境保护ozone layer 臭氧层waste disposal 废物处理emission（汽车废气的）排放soot 烟尘ElNiño 厄尔尼诺现象artist 艺术家choreographer 舞蹈编排家critic 批评家satirist 讽刺作家inventor 发明家biographer 自传作家sculptor 雕塑家feminist 女权主义者humanitarian 人道主义者imagist 意象派诗人philanthropist 慈善家proprietor 业主mortal 犯人precursor 先驱figurehead 名誉领袖disciple 学徒apprentice 学徒mechanic 机械工minimalist 简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde 前卫派territory 领域genre 风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd 怪诞的/奇数的erratic 奇怪的weird 怪异的/不可思议的romantic 浪漫的innocent 天真的/无罪的lovelorn 相思病苦的emotional 情绪的/情感的sentimental 感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless 无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal家长的/ 族长的rigid 僵化的spare 简朴的clumsy 笨拙的zigzag 曲折的contemporary 当代的acclaimed 受欢迎的preeminent 杰出的versatile（人）多才多艺的/（物）多功能的household 家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine 真正的authentic 逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic 象征性的immortal不朽的/神nostalgia 怀旧主义/思乡emotive 感人的prodigious 巨大的classic 经典的posthumous 死后的文学pose 散文diary 日记autobiography 传记editorial 社论narrative prose 叙述性descriptive prose描写性essay 随笔poetry诗歌ballad 民谣lullaby 催眠曲fiction 小说allegory 寓言fairy tale 童话legend 传说proverb 谚语model 人物原型leading character 主人公main plot 主要情节prelude 序曲prologue 序言epilogue 尾声literary criticism 文学批评literary studies 文学研究schools of literature 文学流派comparative literature 比较文学realism 现实主义surrealism 超现实主义aestheticism 唯美主义音乐musical instrument 乐器orchestra（管弦）乐队shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound dru 击鼓foot beat 跺脚note音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐symphony 交响乐rock and roll 摇滚乐band music/ wind music 管乐string 弦乐violin 小提琴viola 中提琴cello 大提琴harp 竖琴horn 号；喇叭clarinet单簧管oboe 双簧管keyboard instrument 键盘乐器percussion 震荡/打击乐器vocal music 声乐concerto 协奏曲sonata 奏鸣曲serenade 小夜曲solo 独奏/ 独唱duet 二重唱conducting 指挥podium 指挥台accompaniment 伴奏quality 音质volume 音量chord 和弦harmony 和声rest 休止time 节拍lullaby 催眠曲prelude 序曲epilogue 尾声政治经济subsistence 存活，生活subsistence wage 刚够养家糊口的工资subsistence level 收支平衡的生活水平kinship 亲属关系，血缘关系commodity 商品check 支票；收据；账单bank loan 银行贷款interest 利息withdraw 从银行账户中提款honor (a cheque/bill/draft)承兑a run on a bank 挤兑the Great Depression大萧条consumerism 消费主义（认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法）；保护消费者权益主义affluence富裕，富足sophisticated 世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的建筑architecture 建筑学architect 建筑学家construct 结构wing 辐楼/ 侧楼design 设计elevator 电梯skyscraper 摩天大楼design element 设计元素log structure 原木结构cabin 小木屋beam 梁prototype 原型building technique 建筑工艺new material 新材料metal-frame 金属结构repair person 修理工planetarium 天文馆aquarium 水族馆archives 档案馆office building 写字楼cathedral 大教堂mosque 清真寺the statue of liberty 自由女神像the triumphal arch 凯旋门sphinx 狮身人面像pyramid 金字塔美术fine arts 美术oil painting 油画water color 水彩画tempera 蛋彩画sketch 速写/素描pastel 彩色蜡笔画poster 海报/招贴画charcoal drawing 木炭画mural painting / fresco 壁画engraving 版画lithograph 石板画landscape painting 风景画still life 静物画portrait 肖像画caricature 漫画pigment 颜色，色素canvas油画布brush 画笔drawing board 画板perspective 透视画法original原作copy 临本reproduction / replica复制品genuine 真的fake 假的gallery 美术馆autograph 真迹panorama 全景画calligraphy 书法paste 裱糊impressionistic style 印象派风格framing 装框sculptor 雕塑家figurine 小雕像bust半身雕塑像animator 漫画家saxophonist萨克斯风管吹奏者indigo 靛蓝。
轻松搞定托福听力Lecture之Music History
轻松搞定托福听力Lecture之Music History上海环球雅思今天，环球雅思的小编为大家带来了轻松搞定托福听力Lecture之Music History，供大家参考使用。
环球雅思将与您分享更多精彩内容！托福听力Lecture之Music的文章虽然比较于其他的主题出现频率没有那么高，但是一旦遇上这类文章，如果对这类文章的背景词汇不了解，就会非常影响对文章的理解，因此了解此类文章的背景词汇也是非常重要的。
掌握了背景词汇，听的时候着重听记文章讲到的音乐类型的风格，乐器间的异同点，基本上就可以搞定这类文章了。
乐器类型•orchestra（管弦）乐队 musical instrument 乐器•violin 小提琴 viola 中提琴 cello 大提琴 harp 竖琴•horn号；喇叭 clarinet 单簧管 oboe 双簧管•keyboard instrument 键盘乐器 percussion 震荡/打击乐器音乐类型•string music 弦乐 wind music 管乐•band music / vocal music 声乐 symphony 交响乐•hillbilly music/ country music乡村音乐 folk music 民间音乐•pop music 流行音乐 classical music 古典音乐•Jazz 爵士乐 rock and roll 摇滚乐•concerto 协奏曲 sonata 奏鸣曲 serenade 小夜曲•solo 独奏/独唱 duet 二重唱音乐相关•podium 指挥台 accompaniment 伴奏 harmony 和声 rest 休止•chord 和弦 note音符 score 乐谱•lullaby 催眠曲 prelude 序曲 epilogue 尾声。
英语六级听力：长对话场景高频词
英语六级听力：长对话场景高频词英语六级听力：长对话场景高频词英语六级即将开考，听力部分经过改革后，或许难易程度也会发生变化，但是不要紧，听力最重要的还是词汇。
下面小编为大家整理了英语六级听力：长对话场景高频词，希望能帮到大家！工作场景colleague n. 同事profession n. 专业人士retire v. 退休promotion n. 晋升secretary n. 秘书application n. 申请training course 培训课程management technique 管理技巧vacant adj. 空闲的，空缺的educational background 教育背景annual vacation 带薪年假商业场景position n. 职位overwork n. 加班contract n. 合同operation n. 运营manufacture v. 制造，生产overprice v. 将……标价过高budget n. 预算commercial adj. 商业的`，贸易的purchase v. 购买，采购expense n. 费用，花费discount n. 打折，减价catalogue n. 产品目录brochure n. 小册子，手册交通场景vehicle n. 车辆，交通工具speed limit 限速give you a ticket 开罚单license n. 执照，驾照speedometer n. 速度计；里程计heavy traffic 大流量交通traffic jam 交通拥堵crossroad/intersection n. 十字路口fine n. / v. 罚款signal n. 信号灯traffic light n. 红绿灯娱乐场景balcony n. （电影院等的）楼厅，楼座; 包厢plot n. 情节channel n. 频道appliance n. 家用电器championship n. 锦标赛ski v. 滑雪theater n. 影剧院applause n. 掌声art gallery 艺廊，画廊exhibition hall 展厅，展览馆studio n. 工作室painter n. 画家digital television system 数字电视系统。
英语四级新闻听力高频词汇摘选
英语四级新闻听力高频词汇摘选【篇一】英语四级新闻听力高频词汇1.suicidebombing自杀式炸弹袭击2.detonate[ˈdetəneɪt]v.（使某物）爆炸；引爆3.explosivevest炸弹背心4.troop[tru:p]n.军队；5.bomber[ˈbɔmə（r）]n.投掷或安放炸弹的人6.policepatrol[pəˈtrəul]巡警队7.civilian[sɪˈvɪlɪən]平民，百姓8.shatter[ˈʃætə（r）]v.粉碎（某事物）9.explode[ɪkˈspləud]v.（使某物）爆炸10.terroristgroup恐怖分子组织11.claimresponsibilityfor声称对…负责12.bombing[ˈbɒmɪŋ]n.轰炸，投弹【篇二】英语四级新闻听力高频词汇64.intensive[ɪnˈtensɪv]adj.集约型；密集的65.livestock[ˈlaɪvstɔk]n家畜，牲畜（如牛羊）66.ecological[ˏi:kəˈlɔdʒɪkl]adj.生态的；生态学的67.already-stressedadj.已经不堪重负的68.fragileadj.易受伤害的；脆弱的69.resourcebase资源基础70.greenhousegas温室气体71.wreck[rek]v毁坏或毁灭（某物）72.pollutionsource污染源73.deterioration[dɪˏtɪərɪəˈreɪʃn]n恶化74.residential[ˏrezɪˈdenʃl]adj.住宅的75.industrialwaste工业废料76.clean-upn净化；清除【篇三】英语四级新闻听力高频词汇1.flame[fleɪm]n.火焰2.ash[æʃ]n.灰烬3.burn[bɜ:n]v.燃烧4.consume[kənˈsju:m]v.烧毁，毁灭5.authority[ɔ:ˈθɒrəti]n.*；官方6.emergencyworker应急人员7.site[saɪt]n.现场；发生地；场所8.explosion[ɪkˈspləʊʒn]n.爆炸9.rubble[ˈrʌbl]n.碎石；碎砖10.blast[blɑ:st]n爆炸；（爆炸引起的）气浪11.oxygencanister[ˈɒksɪdʒən][ˈkænɪstə（r）]氧气罐12.footage[ˈfʊtɪdʒ]n.视频片段13.debris[ˈdebri:]n.碎片，残骸开篇吸引人，有新意。
高中英语听力高频词汇
高中英语听力高频词汇高中英语听力高频词汇Aabsent from school缺课a couple of两三个a great deal非常(用来修饰比较级) a la carte(order)点菜matter of time时间问题a million times很多次a sheet of paper 一张纸a sore throat嗓子痛a waste of money／time／energy钱／时间／精力的浪add up加起来，总计after all毕竟，终究，到底，终于agree with同意．适合air-hostess空姐airmail航空信alarm clock闹钟au along始终allowance津贴anything but并不；恰恰不application letter求职信apply for申请around the clock整天不问断，一天24小时不停as a matter of fact事实上as far as I know据我所知as good as和。
一样好as long as只要as soon as possible尽快ask for要求；请求ask for leave请假ask somebody for a ride请求搭车at least至少at the most至多．顶多at somebody's service愿意为某人效劳Bbargain便宜货be about to do正要做be absent from school缺课，没上学be accustomed to习惯于be behind in在。
方面落后be bound for去。
地方be capable of有能力做。
be finished做完了be full(be stuffed)吃饱be good at擅长be in luck有运气，幸运be in the dark蒙在鼓里，不知道be known to为。
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一、租房RENTING A HOUSEland/lord, land/ladytypes dormitory hostel h surroundings rural areas, suburb, downtownrooms single room, d facilities shower, central heater(ing), radiators, refrigerator,carpet, telephone,st ove,microwave,oven), bed central air-conditio ning(中央空调)。
electric stores(电炉),radiators(暖气)ectricity,utensil(器具、用具、家庭用具）facilities in bedparts entrance hall(lobby, p personal informationof boarders: pay weekly/monthlylease, utilities, unfurnished/furnished,blackout（停电）guests and hourscurrency(Canadian dollars,Australian dollars, Pound, JPortuguese, Japanese,英文租房广告常用语解析FINCE-WARDEN, lrg 2br bsmt, new reno bright, l close to HSR/shops. No smoke/pets, +, 1st/last. 2 FINCH-WARDEN 这间房是位于或邻近Finch和Warden街交界处。
lrg=large2br=two bedrooms，bsmt=It is in a basement (below ground).这是地库的两房套间。
(注意，两房是指两个睡房reno=renovation，最近才装修过，很光亮lndry, eat-in kit, w lndry=laundry，指有洗衣机干衣机，eat-in kitchen指厨房大，可在厨房里放饭桌吃饭。
w-o balc=walk out to a balcony，指有扇门打开可通阳台。
close to TTC/shops靠近公共交通，购物商场Nosmoke/pets不接受吸烟或养宠物的租客+租金为一个月，外加水电煤气1st/last首尾两个月的租金必须先交作为定金222-2222 - leave mess打电话222-2222留言联系房东二、学校生活(1)学习篇enrolment 注册selective/elective/option 选修课required course/compulsory course 必修课course arrangement 课程安排application form 申请表letter of recommendation 推荐信programme/program 某一专业的课程总称school 学院graduate school 研究生院undergraduate 本科postgraduate 研究生school of Arts and Sciences 文理学院score 成绩credit 学分degrees 学位assessment 对学生的学习情况进行评估handout 上课老师发的印刷品assignment 作业presentation 针对某一专题进行的发言project 需要学生进行独立钻研的课外课题paper/thesis/dissertation 论文/硕士论文/博士论文essay 短论文journal 周记/每周要做的作业participation 出勤lecture 老师的讲课tutorial 助教的辅导TA(Teaching Assistant) 助教office hour 教授与学生面谈的时间coordinator 课程协调人/班主任professor 教授associate professor副教授assistant professor 助理教授lecturer 讲师dean 系主任counselor 辅导老师adviser 导师mentor 导师president 校长chancellor 名誉校长faculty 教职员工的总称(2) 生活篇campus 校园common room （英）师生公用的休息室canteen 餐厅dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助小餐厅accommodation 住宿dorm/dormitory 宿舍dormmate/roommate/flatmate/housemate 合租一间宿舍/公寓/房屋的人parking lot 停车场parking regulations 停车规定shopping mall 购物中心teaching building 教学楼/教室楼lecture theatre 大教室/阶梯教室administrating office/admin office 行政办公室laboratory/lab 实验室student union 学生会society 学生社团club 学生俱乐部student account 银行中的学生帐户current account 现金帐户chequebook/checkbook 支票本withdraw cash 取钱deposit money in a bank 存钱(3) 课题研究篇research 研究deadline 最后期限poll （民意）调查survey 调查hypothesis 假设statistics 统计statistically valid 统计学上有效的data/datum 数据investigation 调查quantitative 数量的/定量的significant difference 显著的差异interview 访谈respondents/interviewee 回答调查问题者/被访谈的人questionnaire 调查问卷multiple choice questions 选择题analyze/analyse d ata 分析数据results 结果conclusion 结论interpretation 解释/阐释opinion 观点(4) 课程篇mathematic,literature,history,psychology,physics,philosophy,anthropologyArts(Humanities/Social)Science/Sciencelevel of courses：elementary, primary, intermediate,secondary, a (5) COMPUTER LAB 计算机篇lab rulesprintercopierfax machinemodermMacintoshnetwork, access to the net(6) LIBRARY 图书馆篇due, overdue and pay a fine, renew,information desk stacks(书库) open/closed shelves, library cardcall slip（索书单）catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects),periodical(magazines and journals), reference books,current/ back i librarian and reader三、指路、指示方向be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/过cross (over) 穿过（某条街道）be next to 紧邻turn left/right 左转/右转go up/down 向上（北）/向下（南）go back/back/back up 向回走go east/west/south/north 向东/南/西/北go on/along…till you meet…沿…一直走，直到…be on sb’s left/right 在某人的左边/右边be the first/second/third from the left/right 从左/右数第一/二/三个directly opposite 和…相对be located behind/in front of 坐落在…的前面/后面be on the corner of A street and B be in the corner of 在…的角落里ground floor （英）首层wing 配楼/建筑的一部分annex 配楼/建筑的附属建筑basement 地下室/第一层twin building 由两个完全相同的部分构成的建筑landmark 标志性的建筑block/complex 由若干个建筑构成的建筑群/街区stair 楼梯step 台阶wheel chair access 无台阶的/残疾人用aisle 过道intersection/crossroad 十字路口a fork on the road 分叉路口a T road 丁字路口intersection/crossroads/junction/clover-leaf 立交桥四、描述人的外表、衣着(1)身材medium buildaverage heightquite slim 苗条的stout 结实的、矮胖的(2)穿着jumpertrousersjeansT-shirtshort-sleeved blousepink and white striped skirttop 上衣pullover 套头毛衣be in red/green/dark 身着红/绿/黑色衣服suit （男）西服；（女）套装wear/be in tie 戴领带sweater 套头衫，运动衫stockings/bootsflat shoessandal 凉鞋(3)头发short curly hairblond 金发碧眼的frizzypigtailpigtail with a ribbon in itbald 秃头(4)脸部get l ittle hair at the sides above each e moustache/mustache 上唇上的小胡子big brown beard 落腮胡faint scar 模糊的left cheekangular faceattractive facepointed nosewearing glasses 戴眼镜contact lenses 隐型眼镜五、旅游出行travel agency 旅行社flight number 航班号take off 起飞land 降落check in 办理登机手续motel 汽车旅馆hostel 青年旅社book the ticket 订票passport 护照visa 签证credit card 信用卡driving license/licence 驾照expire v.驾照、护照等过期platform 站台museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch-hike 搭便车旅行surfing 冲浪skiing 滑雪bag-packer 肩背大包进行自助旅行的人六. Place 关键地名(1)、英国（大不列颠）U.K./the United Kingdom/Great B ritain London 伦敦England 英格兰Liverpool 利物浦Manchester 曼彻斯特Sheffield 谢菲尔德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫North Ireland 北爱尔兰Belfast 贝尔法斯特(2)、爱尔兰IrelandDublin 都柏林(3)、澳大利亚AustraliaCanberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯(4)、新西兰New ZealandWellington 惠灵顿(5)、加拿大CanadaOttawa 渥太华British Columbia 不列颠哥伦比亚省Victoria 维多利亚Vancouver 温哥华Alberta 艾伯塔省Edmonton 埃德蒙顿Ontario 安大略省Toronto 多伦多Quebec 魁北克省Montreal 蒙特利尔(6)、美国The United States of AmericaWashingtonNew YorkBostonAtlantaSeattleLos Angeles/L.A.Chicago七、其它：GEOGRAPHIC SITUATIONcity names, population, advantages/disadvantages(pros/cons,merits/demerits,strong/weak points), climate and weather, language(accent, dialect), whetherlike it or not, main attraction(miss, long for, l forward to,enjoy)。