哑巴吃黄连-荷兰人学成语Chinese-English dictionary of idioms and phrases
给英语习语和成语中的“Dutch ”平反
给英语习语和成语中的“Dutch ”平反摘要：英语习语和成语使用广泛，很多习语和成语都有它们的起源。
由于历史原因，很多含有Dutch一词的习语和成语带有一定的贬义。
但是，随着时间的推移我们应该给习语和成语中的Dutch平反。
关键词：Dutch 习语成语历史原因平反和朋友一起出去吃饭的时候，常会提到“AA制”。
也就是说大家一起到饭馆去，聚在一起吃饭，但是各付各的钱。
这在英文里叫做Dutch treat。
此语直译为“荷兰式的请客”。
但是实际上并没有人请客。
因为是“个人自己付钱的聚餐或娱乐活动”。
既然不是荷兰人请客，那么Dutch treat和荷兰人到底有什么关系呢？此语的语义与Dutch一词的贬抑含义很有联系。
这源于17至18世纪英国与荷兰的商业竞争。
16世纪以前，英荷两国人民一直友好相处，在所有英国文学作品中荷兰人通常是很受尊重的。
从16世纪末起，随着航海业和商业的迅速发展，英、西、荷等国的竞争日趋激烈。
1588年英国人在英吉利海峡击溃了由130多艘战船组成的西班牙“无敌舰队”，英国成了海上霸主。
但是到了17世纪，荷兰崛起，英国的霸主地位受到了挑战，到了17世纪末，荷兰跃为世界最大的殖民帝国之一，成为英国海上贸易最强大的竞争对手。
于是一些英国人中间产生了对荷兰人的强烈敌意。
为了对竞争对手施以攻击，他们把轻蔑等情绪注入并表现在词语之中。
Dutch courage 一语就是那个时代的产物。
据传从前荷兰军队在作战之前都有痛饮的习惯，正如俗语所说“酒能壮胆”，因此荷兰士兵打起仗来非常勇敢。
英国诗人沃勒（Edmund Waller， 1606-1687）在1665年写过如下诗句：“The Dutch their wine and all their brandy lose，/Disarmed of from which their courage grows.” （荷兰人没有了白兰地没有了酒，他们借酒鼓起的勇气也就化为乌有）。
Idioms(English-Chinese) 中国成语_中英文对照
1. 一了百了 get it over and done with2. 一无所长 have no special skill3. 一无所获 have gained nothing4. 一五一十in full detail5. 一文不值of no use whatsoever6. 一心一意 with undivided attention7. 一目了然 leap to the eye8. 一叶知秋The falling of one leaf heralds the autumn.9. 一丘之貉be tarred with the same brush10. 一帆风顺go off without a hitch(故障)11. 一字之差the change of one word12. 一时兴起by fits and snatches13. 一针见血hit the right nail on the head14. 一言为定That’s settled then.15. 一应俱全Everything needed is there.16. 一张一弛alternate tension with relaxation17. 一纸空文a mere scrap of paper18. 一事无成All have ended in smoke.19. 一鸣惊人come as a bombshell20. 一败涂地bite the dust21. 一知半解have scanty knowledge22. 一刻千金Every minute counts.23. 一览无遗in full view24. 一星半点a tiny bit25. 一举两得kill two birds with one stone26. 一语道破hit the mark with a single comment27. 一笑置之laugh out of court28. 一窍不通be Greek to one29. 一诺千金as good as one’s word30. 一清二楚as clear as crystal31. 一落千丈go to pot32. 一朝一夕in one day33. 一筹莫展be at one’s wit’s end34. 一意孤行go one’s own way35. 一蹴而就make it at one/a stroke36. 十万火急be in hot haste37. 十年寒窗persevere(坚持) ten years in one’s studies in spite of hardships38. 十全十美be perfect in every way39. 十拿九稳have …in bag40. 七上八下be greatly upset41. 七窍生烟in a great fury42. 七零八落go to reck(顾虑)and rain43. 八面玲珑dance and sing all weathers44. 人山人海a sea of faces45. 人之常情human nature46. 人云亦云echo one’s words47. 人心不古 Human hearts are not what they were in the old days.48. 人去楼空 When the master was absent, his mansion(大厦, 官邸, 公寓) was dead.49. 人各有志Every one has his own ambition.50. 人多智广More people means more ideas.51. 人多嘴杂Agreements is difficult if there are too many people.52. 人困马乏The entire force was exhausted .53. 人言可畏Opinion rules the world.54. 人穷志短poverty chills(使冷) ambition55. 人定胜天Man can conquer nature.[nature前无the ]56. 人面兽心a wolf in a sheep’s clothing57. 人情世故the way of the world58. 入乡随俗Do in Rome as the Romans do.59. 入木三分give a vivid picture of cut to the quick[注：此处原为vived，而其例子却是vivid，故可见vivid( 生动的)是正确的。
习语翻译
Ⅰ、定义、分类
一、定义
a group of words that has a special meaning that is different from the ordinary meaning of each separate word. phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a whole unit. 习语是人们在生产劳动和社会生活中长期使用而提炼 出来的一些固定词组、短语或短句。
在中英两国漫长的历史发展过程中，都出现过众多著 名历史事件，经过后人的传说，又因其寓意深远，久 而久之就形成了习语。 如： 1. 焚书坑儒
汉· 孔安国《〈尚书〉序》： “及秦始皇灭先代典籍， 焚书坑儒， 天下学士逃难解散。” 比喻对文化和文化人的摧残
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burn books and bury the literati in pits
四、源于宗教文献和典籍
英国主要信仰基督教，所以其主要宗教典籍《圣经 》成了习语产生的摇篮，《圣经》里记载的许多古 代故事也都是英语习语的重要来源。 “ keep me as the apple of the eye /hide me under the shadow of the wings.” 出 自 《 旧 约 · 申 命 记 》( the Old Testament, Deuteronomy),“ Do you know what is“the apple of sb.’s eye”? 这里的apple是指瞳孔，是眼睛里最 敏感最珍贵的部分。 掌上明珠
英语俚语（AmericanIdioms）
英语俚语（AmericanIdioms）英语俚语(American Idioms)1、the apple of one's eye：掌上明珠，珍爱的人（或物）这里的apple是指瞳孔，是眼睛里最敏感最珍贵的部分。
这条成语来自《圣经. 诗篇》第十七篇第八节："求你保护我，如同保护眼中的瞳孔。
"（Keep me as the apple of the eye.）[例]The little girl is the apple of her parents' eye. 这个小女孩是她父母的掌上明珠。
2、bad egg: 坏蛋；流氓，骗子，二流子；没出息的人此语大约于上世纪中叶在美国出现，十年后传到英国。
在比喻上，"坏蛋"也可作为腐败的象征，因为坏蛋从外表看不出来，里面却已气味难闻。
[例] Trust him nothing; he is a bad egg. 别相信他，他是个坏蛋。
3、burn one's boats (bridges): 破釜沉舟，自断退路，有进无退这句成语源自某些军事家的行动。
相传古罗马恺撒等名将出征时，常烧毁船只，士兵们后退无路，只有勇往直前，战胜敌人。
[例] "That's done it" said Manby, tearing up the agreement. "Now we've burned our boats behind us and we've no option but to go forward with the project.""事已如此，"曼贝一边说，一边撕掉协议书，"现在我们已破釜沉舟，除按计划前进外，别无选择。
"4、castle in Spain (the air)空中楼阁，白日做梦来自法语chateauxen Espangne.为什么提到西班牙？可能因为西班牙一度被认为是个富于浪漫色彩的国家。
翻译习语
1、武装到牙齿Armed to the teeth2、以眼还眼，以牙还牙An eye for an eye, a tooth to a tooth3、披着羊皮的狼，笑面虎A wolf in sheep’s clothing4、一石二鸟，一箭双雕Kill two birds with one stone5、条条大路通罗马All roads lead to Rome.6、嘴里衔着钥匙出生的Born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth7、茶杯里的风暴; 小事惹起的轩然大波A storm in a teacup8、城市里的夜生活要比农村里的多得多There is far more night life in the city than in the country.9、您的账目有赤字Your account is in the red.10、玛丽和约翰大声吼叫，足以把死人吵醒Mary and John were bellowing and shouting enough to wake the dead. 11、玛丽有过一段不幸的经历，现在她一谈起医生，就好像把他们都绞死也太便宜他们了Mary had an unfortunate experience, and now she talks about all doctors as if hanging was too good for them.12、只要对他有利，他便能把黑的说成白的He’d swear black was white if he thought it was to his advantage.13、从最底层做起对你是有益的It will be good for you to come in on the ground floor.14、笑里藏刀Hid a dagger in a smile15、天下乌鸦一般黑All crows are equally black.16、路遥知马力，日久见人心A long road tests a horse’s strength, a long task proves a man’s heart.17、初生牛犊不怕虎New-born calves make little of tigers.18、巧妇难为无米之炊Even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice.If you have no hand, you can’t make a fist.19、趁热打铁Strike while the iron is hot.20、赴汤蹈火Go through fire and water21、火上浇油Pour oil on the flame.22、息事宁人Pour oil on troubled waters.23、英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.24、破釜沉舟Burn one’s boats / cut off all means of retreat25、我给比利咬一口糖，他要了又要，真是得寸进尺I gave Billy a bite of candy and he wanted more and more, just like if you give him an inch, he’ll take a yard.26、马克打着手势，又努努嘴，以示隔墙有耳Mark made signs with his hands and moved his mouth soundlessly to show that walls have ears.27、昨天他一整天都拉长了脸，我不知道他怎么了He drew a long face all day yesterday, and I have no idea what had happened to him.28、他坚持那样做的话将会是自食其果He will eat the bitter fruit of his own making if he doesn’t stopping doing that.29、别信他，他是个坏蛋Trust him nothing, he is a bad egg.30、问题是你人太好了，被人欺负，所谓“人善被人欺，马善被人骑”，对于那些要求过分的人要学会说不The trouble is you are good-natured and people take advantage of it. All lay load on the willing horse. You will have to learn to refuse people who ask too much.31、狐假虎威As ass in a lion’s skin32、班门弄虎Teach fish to swim / teach one’s granny to suck eggs33、约翰的叔叔留给他200英镑，他眼下正做着黄粱美梦John’s uncle left him 200 pounds and he is living for the time in a fool’s paradise.34、玛莎把母亲的责备当耳边风Mother scolded Martha, but it went in one ear and out the other.35、他就在那儿—犹如从天而降There he was—dropped from the clouds.36、有些人似乎总有办法化险为夷Some people always seem to have knack of falling on their feet.37、我担心我当画家的成功只是昙花一现I’m afraid that my success as a painter was just a flash in the pan.38、理查德不能去图书馆，那么要写这份报告无异于要他做无米之炊Richard could go to the library and writing the report was a job making afist without hand.39、老人安慰道：“得了，生死有命呀。
常见成语翻译
常见成语翻译1. Never say die.永不言败。
2.No cross, no crown.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
3.New wine in old bottles.旧瓶装新酒。
4.Never too old to learn, never too late to turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。
5.No garden without its weeds.没有不长草的园子。
6.No living man all things can.世上没有万事通。
7.No man can do two things at once.一心不可二用。
8.No man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。
9.No man is content.人心不足蛇吞象。
10.No man is wise at all times.聪明一世，糊涂一时。
11.None are so blind as those who won't see.视而不见。
12.None are so deaf as those who won't hear.充耳不闻。
13.No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。
14.No one can call back yesterday.昨日不会重现。
15.No pains, no gains.没有付出就没有收获。
16.No pleasure without pain.没有苦就没有乐。
17.No rose without a thorn.没有不带刺的玫瑰。
18.No sweet without sweat.先苦后甜。
19.No smoke without fire.无风不起浪。
20.Nothing brave, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
21.Nothing dries sooner than a tear.眼泪干得最快。
英语成语
英语成语（idiom）1、by the skin of one’s teeth 九死一生2、foot the bill 付账3、on foot 步行4、no pains, no gains 不劳则无获5、screw up one’s courage 鼓起勇气、壮起胆子6、to the manner born 与生俱来的7、a pond of flesh 合法但悖于情理的要求8、man Friday 忠仆、得力助手9、Brevity is the soul of wit 言以简为贵10、A little learning is a dangerous thing 一知半解是危险的11、Live not to eat, but eat to live 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭是为了活着12、Knowledge is power 知识就是力量13、Judas’s kiss 犹大之吻，比喻出卖朋友14、much cry and little wool 雷声大，雨点小，比喻空叫喊15、turn the other cheek 忍受暴力、忍受侮辱16、the window’s cruse 寡妇的坛子，比喻取之不尽的财富17、The spirit is willing, but the flash is weak 心有余而力不足18、salt of the earth 社会的中坚19、Spare the rod and spoil the child 棒打出孝子20、Midas touch 挣钱的本领21、Pandora’s box 潘多拉的盒子，引申为灾祸之源22、Sphinx’s riddle 难解之谜23、the heel of Achilles 唯一的弱点、要害24、between Scylla and Charybdis 比喻进退维谷、腹背受敌25、Dead Sea fruit 比喻某些事物金玉其外、败絮其中，华而不实26、naked truth 原原本本的事实、赤裸裸的事实27、kill the goose that laid the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵、涸泽而渔28、sour grapes 聊以自慰的话29、bell the cat 替别人冒险30、cat’s paw 被别人利用的人31、the lion’s share 最大的份额32、the last straw 终于使人不能忍受的最后一击33、a wolf in sheep’s clothing 比喻危险人物、面善心毒的人34、King Log 比喻徒有虚名而不闻朝政的国王35、cry wolf 比喻发假警报36、meet one’s Waterloo 一败涂地37、burn one’s boats(bridges) 破釜沉舟38、the sword of Damocles 眼前的灾难39、a man for all seasons 比喻博学多才、适应性强的人40、Mickey mouse 比喻无关紧要的人物41、Carey Street 破产42、Indian File 鱼贯而行、一路纵队43、a feather in one’s cap 炫耀荣誉44、nest egg 储备金45、a skeleton at the feast 居安思危、扫兴的家伙或事物46、wrong side(get out of bed on the wrong side)一大早就发脾气，心绪不好47、as wise as owls 聪明48、as quiet as a mouse 安静如鼠、非常安静49、as timid as a rabbit 胆小如鼠50、no spring chicken 已不再年轻的女人51、swan song 告别演出52、bury one’s head in the sand 采取逃避措施、逃避现实53、come out of the cocoon 停止自我封闭，开始与人交往54、keep one’s head above water 使人免遭灭顶之灾、理好财55、on the rocks 触礁、濒临破裂56、all at sea 茫然57、nail one’s colors to the mast 坚持立场58、go with the stream 随波逐流59、hold out an/the olive branch 愿意讲和60、nip in the bud 防微杜渐、把……扼杀在襁褓之中61、reap what one has sowed 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆62、a bed of roses 舒适的生活63、as cool as a cucumber 泰然自若、冷静64、turn over a new leaf 改头换面65、hear through the grapevine 道听途说66、beat around the bush 旁敲侧击67、spill the beans 泄露秘密68、rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨69、cut off one’s nose to spite one’s face 为了泄愤反而害己70、play one’s cards close to one’s chest 保守秘密71、bill and coo 说情话72、a friend in need is a friend indeed 患难见真交73、stare one in the face 明显在眼前74、look one in the face 勇敢地面对75、bring the house down 博得全场喝彩76、bring the roof down 震塌屋顶77、walls have ears 隔墙有耳78、be/feel under the weather 感觉不舒服、生病79、beat generation 迷惘的一代80、on the carpet 受训斥81、long time no see 好久不见82、a fat salary 高薪83、a watched pot never boils 心急水难开84、kick the bucket 死去、断气85、at large 逍遥法外86、good-for-nothing 废物，饭桶87、go the whole hog 干到底88、jump down one’s throat 突然猛烈攻击89、talk through one’s hat 胡言乱语90、all the world and his wife 人人、所有的人91、get one’s number 看清某人的真面目92、easy on the eye 悦目的93、crocodile tears 假悲伤94、a dog’s life 悲惨的生活95、the apple of one’s eye 表示某人对自己十分重要96、as old as the hills 古老的97、as poor as a church mouse 非常穷、一文不名98、as easy as pie 非常容易99、as dead as mutton 确已死了100、a fine kettle of fish 一塌糊涂或艰难的境况101、a wet blanket 扫兴的人102、at the eleventh hour 在最后一刻103、kick the bucket 死去104、the gift of the gab 口才105、paint the town red 狂欢106、face the music 敢作敢当隐喻（明喻）成语Head、brain、mind 与“思考”联系在一起107、lose one’s head 慌乱108、be light in the head 愚蠢109、not make head or tail of 不理解110、rack one’brain 绞尽脑汁111、beat one’s brains out 想尽办法112、have one’s head screwed on the right way 有智谋113、cry one’s head off 抱头大哭114、keep one’s head above water 免遭灭顶之灾115、fresh in one’s mind 心灵的窗户nose与“观察、干预、侦察”联系在一起116、poke/push one’s nose into sth 探听某事117、win by a nose 险胜118、pay through the nose 被敲竹杠119、keep one’s nose to the grindstone 埋头苦干eye与“看、注视或看到的事物”联系在一起120、keep an eye on 密切注视121、see eye to eye 意见一致122、be an eyesore 让人看不下去123、make eyes at 送秋波mouth、lips、tongue、throat、gums与“说”联系在一起124、button one’s lip 保持沉默125、hold one’s tongue 保持沉默126、not find one’s tongue 无言以对127、word of mouth 口头表达的128、beat one’s gums 废话连篇129、pay lip service 口惠而实不至130、be honey-lipped 嘴甜131、bad-mouth somebody 说某人的坏话132、poor mouth 哭穷133、zip one’s lips 闭上嘴134、a slip of the tongue 说走了嘴135、speak with one’s tongue in one’s cheek 假惺惺地说136、smite with the tongue 血口喷人137、be down in the mouth 垂头丧气138、cut one’s own throat 自取灭亡139、get a lump in one’s throat 哽咽heart与“直觉、情感、精神、勇气、宽厚或热情”联系在一起140、break one’s heart 使某人极度伤心141、have one’s heart in the one’s mouth 非常焦急或害怕、恐惧142、with all one’s heart 真心诚意的143、not have one’s heart in the right place 心术不正144、be/feel sick at heart 心里特别难受145、wear one’s heart on one’s sleeve 过于直率146、word from the bottom of one’s heart 肺腑之言hand与“有技术和有力量的人、助手”联系在一起147、eat out of one’s hand 完全顺从某人148、from hand to mouth 仅够糊口149、bite the hand that feeds one 恩将仇报150、have one’s hands full 忙得不可开交151、gain the upper hand 占上风152、marry with the left hand 与比自己门第低的女人结婚153、overplay one’s hand 过高估计自己的力量154、play into someone’s hands 正中下怀155、grease the hand of 向……行贿156、fold one’s hands 袖手旁观157、wash one’s hands of 洗手不干finger与“行事、指示、捞好处”联系在一起158、burn one’s fingers 因鲁莽而吃苦头159、have sticky fingers 手不老实160、have a finger in the pie 为谋取私利而参与某事161、let something slip through one’s fingers 痛失良机162、all thumbs 笨手笨脚163、not lift a finger 一点也不帮忙164、twiddle one’s thumbs 闲得无聊165、lay a finger on somebody 碰某人一指头166、be counter on the fingers 屈指可数167、under sb’s thumb 仰人鼻息Stomach与“胃口、愿望、意向”联系在一起168、turn one’s stomach 让人恶心blood 与“生命、活力或勇气”联系在一起169、in cold blood 残忍地170、make one’s blood boil 使某人愤怒171、make one’s blood run cold 使某人不寒而栗172、blood relationship 骨肉至亲bone 与“本质、骨子”联系在一起173、feel in one’s bones 确信174、have a bone to pick with somebody 同某人争论175、make no bones about 对……毫不犹豫176、be bone idle 懒透了177、be all bones 瘦得像一把骨头178、be a lazy bone 懒骨头flesh 与“力量”联系在一起179、The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak 心有余而力不足180、A thorn in someone’s flesh 眼中钉，肉中刺181、flesh and blood 血肉nerves 与“感情、情绪”联系在一起182、get on one’s nerves 使某人恼怒183、keep one’s nerves on edge 使某人感到心烦意乱gall 与“厚颜无耻”联系在一起184、have the gall to do something 厚着脸皮去干某事leg、foot、heel与“行走、立足、立场、理据”联系在一起185、not have a leg to stand on 论点站不住脚186、on one’s last legs 垂死187、full(land)on one’s feet 安然脱离危险188、put one’s foot down 采取坚定立场189、set foot on 进入、到达190、get off on the wrong foot 出师不利191、get off on the right foot 旗开得胜192、be head over heels in love with somebody 深深低爱着某人193、at one’s heels 紧跟在某人后面，紧追不舍194、take to one’s heels 逃走195、down at the heels 衣衫褴褛196、cool one’s heels 久等197、kick up one’s heels 高兴地跳起来动词成语：常见形式是动词＋宾语198、to help a lame dog over a stile 助人渡过难关199、to set one’s home in order 进去内部调整名词成语：常见形式是定语＋名词200、salt of the earth 社会中坚力量201、a dark horse 竞争中出人意料的获胜者介词成语：常见形式是介词＋介词宾语202、on thin ice 如履薄冰203、between the devil and the deep sea 进退维谷204、in deep water 陷入困境之中205、形容快乐：As merry as a larkAs happy as a clamAs merry as a cricket206、形容贪婪：As greedy as a dogAs greedy as a wolf207、形容强壮：As strong as a horseAs strong as a lionAs strong as a bullAs strong as an ox208、Like a cat on hot bricks 局促不安、热锅上的蚂蚁209、Look like something the cat has brought in 看来不整洁的210、Look like the cat that ate the canary 自鸣得意211、Run around like a scalded cat 四处奔忙212、As busy as a bee 非常忙碌213、as firm as a rock 坚如磐石214、as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛215、as free as air 自由自在216、as fierce as a tiger 凶猛如虎217、as heavy as lead 十分沉重218、as silent as the grave 寂静无声219、as pretty as a picture 美丽如画220、as silly as a goose 愚蠢如鹅221、as sure as the Bible 像圣经一样确实222、as warm as toast 像烤面包一样热223、as cunning as a cuttlefish 像乌贼一样狡猾224、as thick as two short planks 像两块短木板那样粗厚，非常笨225、as poor as a church mouse 一贫如洗226、as rich as a Jew 富可敌国227、as plentiful as blackberries 多如牛毛228、to sleep like a log 酣睡229、to spend money like water 挥金如土230、to go like the wind 飞驰231、to fight like cat and dog 激烈地争执232、add fuel to the flames 火上加油233、a bolt from the blue 晴天霹雳234、castles in the air 空中楼阁235、constant dropping wears the stone 水滴石穿236、you will cross that bridge when you get to it 船到桥头自然直237、like a koala up a gum tree 进退两难238、meet one’s Waterloo 形容遭到惨败239、carry coals to Newcastle 多此一举英语谚语（English proverbs）1、Lift is long if it is full. 生活充实，生命长久2、If you lie upon thorns when old. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲3、Better die standing than live kneeling. 宁愿站着死，不愿跪着生4、He who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl. 近墨者黑5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作而不娱乐会使人变傻6、Waste not, want not. 不浪费，就不会匮乏7、Many man, many minds. 十个人，十条心8、Care kills the cat. 忧虑伤身9、Little strokes fell great oaks. 水滴石穿10、Take heed will surely speed. 谨慎是迅速成功的保障11、After dinner sit a while after supper walk a mile. 午饭后要坐，晚饭后要走12、Money borrowed is soon sorrowed. 钱刚借到手，立刻便担忧13、Birds of a father flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分14、Up corn, down horn 谷贵则肉贱15、Translators, traitors. 翻译易，忠实难16、Fast bind, fast find. 藏得好，丢不了17、Well fed, well bred. 吃得饱，懂礼貌18、Many dishes, many diseases. 食多病多19、It is easier to fall than rise. 学坏容易学好难20、It is love that makes the world go round. 正是爱，它使地球转动21、What great crime than loss of time? 有什么更大的罪恶能比上浪费时间22、The more the merrier, the fewer the better cheer. 人多好做事，人少好吃饭23、Never do things by halves. 凡事不可半途而废24、Sow nothing, reap nothing. 不播种，没收获25、Keep good men company and you shall be to the number. 近朱者赤26、Give him an inch, and he will take an ell. 得寸进尺27、He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好28、All things are easy that are done willingly. 愿做的事容易做29、He can not speak well that can not hold his tongue. 好讲话的人讲不好话30、They must hunger in frost that not work in heat. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲（If you lie upon thorns when old.）31、One man (is meant) no man. 个人是渺小的32、As the tree (you plant)，so the fruit (you get). 栽什么树，结什么果33、A little labor, (brings) much health. 劳动搞一点，健康大有益34、(It is) Better (to be) glorious death than a shameful life. 宁可站着死，不可跪着生（Better die standing than live kneeling.）35、Where (there is) doubt, there truth is. 有疑问的地方，便是真理所在36、Lifeless, faultless. 只有死人才不犯错误37、Nothing seek, nothing find. 无所求则无所获38、Laugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖39、Roll my log and I’ll roll yours. 与人方便，与己方便40、Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud. 知识使人谦虚，无知使人骄傲41、Promise little, but do much. 少许愿，多做事42、A lazy youth, a lousy age. 少来懒惰老来苦43、One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh：but the earth abideth for ever. 人事自更替，地球自远行44、Claw me and I will claw thee. 你捧我来我捧你45、One woe doth tread upon another’s hell. 祸不单行46、Who chatters to you, will chatter of you. 搬弄是非者必是小人47、Who shows mercy to an enemy denies it to himself. 对敌人的仁慈就是对自己的残忍48、A man is as old as he feels to be. 老不老，自己晓49、A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，差之千里50、Time flies like an arrow. 光阴似箭51、Speech is silver, silence is gold. 说话是银，沉默是金52、Money is the root of all evil. 金钱是万恶之源53、Union is strength. 团结就是力量54、Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁55、Two can play the game. 孤掌难鸣56、Speak of the devil, and he appears. 说魔鬼，魔鬼到57、Bacchus hath drowned more men than Neptune. 在酒里淹死的人比在海里淹死的人多58、The pen is mightier than the sword. 文力胜过武力59、Even Homer nods. 智者千虑，必有一失60、Lies have short legs. 谎言是站不住脚的61、Every dog has its day. 人人皆有得意出头日62、Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待63、Many drops of water will sink the ship. 积羽沉舟64、One single slip brings eternal regret. 一失足成千古恨65、Every lovers sees a thousand graces in the be loved object. 情人眼里出美女66、Step by step the ladder is ascended. 千里之行始于足下67、A work ill done must be done twice. 工作没做好，就得重新搞68、First come, first served. 先到先招待69、A snow year, a rich year. 瑞雪兆丰年70、Business is business. 公事公办71、Early to sleep and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 睡得早、起得早，聪明、富裕、身体好72、Work while work; play while play. 做归做，玩归玩73、Lightly come, lightly go. 来得容易去的快74、Rich men feed, poor men breed. 富人养，穷人生75、Short pleasure, long lament. 痛快一阵子，悲叹一辈子76、A colt you may break, but a horse you never can. 小驹可训，老马难教77、Away goes the devil when he finds the door shut against him. 门户紧闭，魔鬼退避78、Youth looks forward, but age backward. 青年展望未来，老年眷恋过去79、Such master, such servant. 有其主必有其仆80、Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子英语俚语（Slang）Slang : Very informal usage in vocabulary and idiom that is characteristically more metaphorical, playful, elliptical, vivid and ephemeral than ordinary language; speech or writing characterized by use of vulgar and socially taboo vocabulary and idiomatic expressions; the jargon of particular group/profession etc. argot, cant.1、Baby sitter 临时保姆2、VIP 大人物3、By hook or crook 不择手段地4、Let it all hang out 把事实和真相和盘托出5、Beef up 加强6、Pep up 给……鼓士气7、Soap Opera 肥皂剧8、电视:gogglebox/ the one-eye monster9、电视出故障：It’s on the blink10、香烟 cancer stick11、逃学 cut class12、手铐 bracelets干活拖沓的人 clock watcher13、死 to kick the bucket/ to turn it / to turn one’s toes up/ to turn one’s heels/ to be a goner/ to go up the flame14、醉酒 soaked/ sozzled/ stoned15、烂醉如泥 blitzed/ fuddled/ woody16、钱 brass / lolly/ tin/ dash/ bees/ dough/ bread/ honey17、亲昵的称呼 buddy/ mate/ my boy / old man /old /bean/ egg /fruit thing /top /my girl18、亲昵的话语 Come along/my boy /cheer up /there is absolutely nothing to worry about19、大话 bazoo20、时髦派头，活力pizzazz21、愚蠢的过失 flub22、与妻子分居而未曾离居的丈夫 semi-detached23、带上助听器的人 wired for sound24、胡话，废话bs25、酒吧女郎 B-girl26、安培 amp27、放大器 amplifier28、流感 flu29、流行音乐pop30、卑鄙的 mingy31、广播，电视剧中的幽默片段 sitcom32、航空母舰 bird farm33、减肥中心 fat farm34、未正式结婚而独立赡养孩子的妇女 bachelor mother35、傻瓜，笨蛋 dumdum36、禁忌，禁例 no-no37、极好的，一流的 Tiptop38、老古板 fuddy-duddy39、特别大而引人注目的，显著的 super-duper40、大空袭 megablitz41、高价 megacost42、大出游 mega travel43、颓废派 beatnik44、和平主义者 peacenik45、社会渣滓 no-goodnik46、Wan to = wanna47、I don’t know = I dunno48、Going to=gonna49、Am/is/are not ,have/has/ not =ain’t50、Because = cos51、摩天大楼 skyscraper52、笨头笨脑 cabbage head53、孤家寡人 cold fish54、胡扯 banana oil55、电视迷 couch potato57、发现处于困境之中 to find oneself in the pickle58、策划阴谋 to brew a plot59、发生什么事情啦 What’s cooking60、呕吐清洁袋 barf bags=discomfort contains61、可卡因 California flakes62、大麻 grass mainline英语成对次词twin words / words in pair1、milk and honey 富饶充足2、Loaves and fishes 世俗利益物质利益3、Rant and rave 怒气冲冲的大谈特谈4、Here and there 到处5、Bill and coo 窃窃私语互相接吻6、Up and down 上下来回到处7、Box and Cox 互相当值轮流交替8、Prunes and prisms 矫揉造作9、Null and void 无效不再有约束力10、Metes and bounds 边界边界线11、Aid and abet 同谋伙同作案12、Assault and battery 殴打人身攻击13、Iron and steel 钢铁14、Man and wife 夫妇15、One and the same 同一个完全一样16、Aches and pains 种种疼痛17、Far and wide 广泛的18、Watch and ward 监视警卫19、Kith and kin 熟悉的亲友20、Often and often 经常21、Ever and ever 永远22、More and more 越来越多23、Worse and worse 越来越差24、Out and out 十足的彻头彻尾的25、In and in 同种繁殖近亲结婚26、Game and game 各赢一次打平27、Through and through 彻头彻尾28、Neck and neck 并驾齐驱不分上下29、Pro and con 正反两方30、Back and forth 前后来回来来往往31、Right and left 左右32、High and low 高低贵贱，到处33、Up and down 上下到处34、Give and take 平等交换35、Behind bolt and bar 关在监狱里36、Bow and arrow 弓箭37、Knife and fork 刀叉38、Bench and bar 法官和律师39、Fur and feather 鸟兽40、Flora and fauna 各种动植物41、Flotsam and jetsam 流离失所的人零碎的东西42、Bed and board 夫妻关系43、Bread and butter 生计44、 With main strength 竭尽全力45、Grace and favour 恩惠46、Cups and gold 金杯47、Good and ready 准备就绪48、Silks and satins 衣着华丽49、Airs and graces 装腔作势50、Aid and abet 同谋51、Grunt and groan 抱怨52、Rough and tough 强壮的粗野的53、Meek and mild 温顺的，忍声吞气的54、Back and edge 全力55、Well and truly 确实低56、As and when 当……57、Each and every 每个58、Ever and above 在……之上59、 Bad blood 愤怒的情感60、Crocodile tears 假慈悲61、Narrow escape 九死一生62、The life and soul 活跃分子63、Blue chip 热门股票64、Top dog 优胜者65、Smooth tongue 油嘴滑舌66、Food dream 黄粱美梦67、Zero hour 行动开始的准确时刻68、Beat about the bush 拐弯抹角69、Break the ice 打破沉默70、Break something to light 披露某事71、Come down to earth 脚踏实地不再想入非非72、Do one’s best 尽最大努力73、Fall flat 完全失败74、Go into a hot water 陷入困境75、Give the game away 泄露内幕76、Go native 入乡随俗77、Hit the nail on the head 一针见血78、Hold one’s ground 坚持己见79、Lay down one’s arms 放下武器80、Make a mountain out of a molehill 小题大做81、Play the gallery 哗众取宠82、 Pour oil on troubled water 平息风波83、Push the envelop 超越极限84、Rock the boat 兴风作浪85、Take the bull by the horns 不畏艰难86、Turn the other cheek 忍气吞声87、High on the hog 奢华88、Black sheep 害群之马89、Dark horse 黑马90、White lie 谎言91、Whole new ball game 新局势92、Behind the scenes 在幕后93、By the large 大体而言94、In a breeze 轻而易举地95、In the case of 就……而言96、In one’s birthday suit 一丝不挂97、Beyond the pale 失宠98、Off the record 私底下99、On call 随叫随到100、On the go 叫个不停101、On the ball 表现机灵102、Through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻103、Under the weather 身体欠佳104、Out on a limb 身处险境105、Under a cloud 受怀疑106、Up to the hammer 第一流的107、Go on 继续108、Get along with 相处109、Come off 成功110、One another 互相111、Two cents 自惭形秽112、Three sheets in the wind 飘飘欲仙113、Four corners 四面八方114、Six to one 相差悬殊115、Ten to one 十之八九116、Sixty-four dollar question 最重要的问题英语成语的翻译1、cold war 冷战2、Sour grape 酸葡萄3、Trojian Horse 特洛伊木马4、To shed crocodile tears 掉鳄鱼的眼泪5、Keep one’s distance 保持一定的距离6、Catch sb. In the act 当场捉住某人7、Call a hault 停止停战8、Swim against the stream 逆流而行9、Follow one’s footsteps 步人后尘10、A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔11、Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水12、Speech is the picture of the mind. 言论是心灵的写照。
第七章 习语与翻译
直译
• 试比较： • 1）If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. • 译文1：同时追两兔，全都抓不住。 • 译文2：同时干两事，全都干不好。 • 2）初生牛犊不怕虎。 • 译文1：New-born calves make little of tigers. • 译文2：Young people are fearless.
卷铺盖 pack up and quit 饱眼福 feast one‟s eyes on sth. 单打一 concentrate on one thing only 咬耳朵 whisper in sb‟ s ear 扇阴风，点鬼火 fan the winds of evil and spread the fires of turmoil
• 声东击西 to shout in the east and strike in the west • 刻骨铭心 to be engraved on one‟s heart and bones • 井底之蛙 to be like a frog at the bottom of a well • 调虎离山 to lure the tiger from the mountain • 口蜜腹剑 to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted
• 倾国倾城 • 译文1：(a lady) whose beauty would overthrow a kingdom -- exceedingly beautiful • 译文2： to be exceedingly beautiful
• 罄竹难书 • 译文1：(of crimes) so numerous that bamboo strips would be exhausted before they could all be recorded • 译文2： (of crimes) too numerous to mention; too numerous to be listed