英语语法专题条件状语从句(讲解+练习,无答案)

中考语法专题条件状语从句（讲解+练习，无答案）
条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless, as/so long as
1、if 从句 + 祈使句，“如果……，就……”
If you do not feel well, please go to see the doctor. 如果你感觉不舒服，就去看医生吧。
If you want to know more about it, call now. 如果你想了解更多内容，现在就打电话吧。
Make sure you visit the Science Museum if you ever go to London. 如果你去伦敦，一定要去参观科学博物馆。
2、主将从现
If I start after dinner, I’ll finish it before I go to bed. 如果我晚饭后开始，睡觉前我就能完成。
主句也可用“情态动词 + 动词原形” She may come with us if she arrives in time. 如果她来得及时，就可以和我们一起去。
3、if 条件状语从句和并列句的转换
Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 练习（一）句型转换 1. Run fast, or you’ll be late for school. _______ you _______ _______ fast, you’ll be late for school. 2. You can buy the dictionary if you take enough money with you. Take enough money with you, _______ _______ _______ buy the dictionary. 3. If there is no air, none of us can live. None of us can live _______ _______.
4、unless “除非”
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. 不要离开大楼，除非我准许。 Unless you have finished your homework, I won’t allow you to watch TV. 除非你已完成了作业，否则我是不会让你看电视的。 unless = if not You’ll be late if you don’t hurry. = You’ll be late unless you hurry. I can’t catch the train if I don’t get up early. = I can’t catch the train unless I get up early.
练习

（一）if not 与 unless 相互替换 1. He will not go unless I come with her. _____________________________________________ 2. If you don’t finish it, I will be angry. _____________________________________________ 3. Unless I am mistaken, I’ve seen that man before. _____________________________________________ 4. You won’t get a good job, unless you work hard. _____________________________________________ 5. Unless the strike has been called off, there will be no trains tomorrow. __________________________________________________________
5、as/so long as 只要
You may use my dictionary as/so long as you don’t keep it too long. 只要使用时间不太长，你可以用我的词典。
You can take my car as/so long as you drive carefully. 你可以用我的汽车，只要你小心点儿开。
练习（一）用 if 或 unless 填空 1. ________ he wants to see me, you can tell him to wait. 2. ________ it snows tomorrow, we’ll have a day or two off. 3. We won’t go to his party ________ he invites us. 4. She is sure to pass the examination ________ she is ill. 5. I’ll take that computer ________ I have enough money. 6. ________ my grandma wears glasses, she can see better. 7. I won’t buy that backpack ________ it costs less than $20 8. ________ I’m tired; I’ll have a rest for tea. 9. You won’t get paid for time off ________ you have a doctor’s note. 10. You will get a toothache ________ you do clean your teeth regularly. （二）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. If he ________ (get) a low mark in the test, he ________ (study) harder. 2. If you ________ (swim) every day this summer, you ________ (be) very healthy. 3. If he ________ (not hurry), he ________ (not see) the beginning of the match. 4. You can’t go out unless you ________ (finish) your homework. 5. Unless I save my money carefully, I ________ (not be) able to buy a football. 6. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we ________ (go) to the park. 7. If he ________ (return) to the school, I ________ (let) you know. 8. He ________ smoke unless he ________ (have) enough money. 9. They can remember it better if someone ________ (give) them some advice about it. 10. The man ________ (set off) if he ________ (buy) the air ticket. （三）单项填空

1. If I _____ his phone number, I will tell you.
A. find
B. found
C. will find
D. have found
2. We will go camping if it _____ tomorrow.
A. Won’t rain
B. didn’t rain
C. doesn’t rain
D. isn’t raining
3. I’m waiting for my friend. If he _____, I _____ swimming alone.
A. doesn’t come; will go
B. won’t come; will
go
C. will come; won’t go
D. don’t come; will
go
4. _____ you go to the supermarket at 7 p.m., you can buy a lot of cheap food.
A. If
B. Unless
C.
Whether
D. When
5. I won’t get to the party on time _____ I catch the first train tomorrow morning.
A. If
B. Unless
C.
Whether
D. When
6. —Shall we go on a picnic this weekend? —Good idea! Unless it _____.
A. rains
B. doesn’t rain
C. rain
D. won’t rain
7. —Can I change the jacket for another one _____ it doesn’t fit me well? —Of course.
A. unless
B. if
C.
that
D. though
8. Nobody can learn maths well _____ he works hard on it.
A if
B unless
C thought
D however
9. If fish _____ away from water, they _____ die.
A are taking, won’t
B are taken, will
C are being taken, will D
take, won’t
10. Each student can ask teachers for help if he _____ how to work out the problem.
A will know
B won’t know
C don’t know
D doesn’t know
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．旅行是学习的最好方式之一。请以“Travelling”为题，根据以下思维导图的提示，写一篇短文，并发表你的看法。注意： 1. 要点齐全，适当发挥； 2. 从思维导图 Sayings 部分，选择恰当的格合理利用在短文中； 3. 词数：100 词左右；

【答案】例文 Travelling is one of the best ways for learning. You may have read or heard about something, but you can never get an exact picture of it until you see it yourself. Seeing is believing. If you are a careful observer, you can learn much during your travel about the geography, biology, and history of the places you visit. You can also create great memories for your lifetime. Furthermore, while travelling, you can meet more people and make more friends. No matter how well educated you are, there is always a lot for you to learn through travelling. 【解析】【详解】这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如 one of the best ways，learn much，an exact picture of，a careful observer，seeing is believing，no matter，a lot 等。而非谓语动词结构 Seeing is believing./ Furthermore, while travelling, you can meet more people and make more friends.和 If you are a careful observer, you can learn much during your travel about the geography, biology, and history of the places you visit./ No matter how well educated you are, there is always a lot for you to learn through travelling.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。

【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
3．书面表达我校决定让学生轮流打扫厕所，以此作为教育学生的一种方式。这件事在学生中引起了强烈的反响，请你把下列不同意见整理成一篇书面材料，报告给学校。同意：1．多数学生是独生子女，不会做事。 2．学生应该学会做艰苦的工作。 3．学会理解和尊重清洁工人的劳动。不同意：1．很脏，容易使学生生病。 2．不是学生应该做的事情。 3．打扫教室就足够了。注意：1．短文应包括表中所有内容，可适当发挥，但不要逐字翻译； 2．不少于 80 词。生词提示：respect 尊重【答案】A strong argument has taken place among students since our school made students do voluntary labor. Some students think it is a good way of education. Now most families have only one child. They never do hard work. To do voluntary labor is a good chance for them to learn how to do difficult work. It can also help them understand and respect the cleaners. But others have different points. They think it is easy for them to get sick. They don’t think it is students＇jobs. Cleaning the classroom every day is enough. 【解析】【详解】阅读题干要求，这是一篇看法类的作文，那么首先得点明讨论的话题，然后分别写出不同人群对此事的看法，时态以一般现在时为主。重点词汇及短语：argument 争论；take place 发生；among（三者或三者以上）之间；a good chance for sb 对某人来说是个好机会；help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事；get sick 生病。亮点句型：（1）A strong argument has taken place among students since our school made students do voluntary labor. 自从我们学校让学生做自愿劳动以来，在学生中发生了一场激烈的争论。现在完成时（have/has+done）。（2）To do voluntary labor is a good chance for them to learn how to do difficult work. 做义务劳动是他们学习如何做困难工作的好机会。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数，疑问词 +to do。
4．你有没有因为没能好好管理时间而影响了学习的经历?请你写一篇文章谈谈这件事及你的看法。

内容包括：1.你没完成学习任务的经历（事情，原因及后果）；2.针对如何管理好时间给出几点建议。作文要求：1.短文须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。2.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。 3.词数 80 个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。 Once, I couldn't make good use of time and it had a bad influence on my study.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________ 【答案】Once, I couldn't make good use of time and it had a bad influence on my study. I had an experience like this. Last weekend, my good friend, Jim taught me how to play a kind of computer game. It was interesting. So I spent more time on it. I forgot to do my homework in the end. My teachers and parents were angry with me. I was also upset. How to make good use of our time? I think we should make a weekday plan. We should write what we are going to do on the paper, mark the deadline of each thing clearly and put the paper up somewhere we can see it easily. It can help us to remember what we have to do next. 【解析】【详解】这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如 make good use of，last weekend，how to do，play a game，a kind of，spent more time on，forget to do，in the end，be angry with，be going to do，on the paper，put up 等。而特殊非谓语动词结构 Jim taught me how to play a kind of computer game.和 I think we should make a weekday plan. /We should write what we are going to do on the paper, mark the deadline of each thing clearly and put the paper up somewhere we can see it easily. /It can help us to remember what we have to do next.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
5．Life is just like a mirror, you smile at it, and it smiles at you, too. 请你以“Learn to Smile”为

题，根据下表所列的要点写一篇 100 词左右的文章（文章开头已给出）。
学会对自己微笑学会对他人微笑微笑是一种语言
1、面对困难与烦恼学会微笑（考试失利、被别人误解等）。 2、使你自信，击败你的人有时就是你自己。 3、有益于身心健康。
1、便于与他人之间的交流。 2、给别人带来快乐,自己也快乐。
人人都能懂，传递友谊，拉近距离。
1、参考词汇：对某人微笑 smile at sb. 误解 misunderstand 2、短文必须包括所有内容要点，不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。 Learn to Smile I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.” Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile . ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Learn to Smile I remember a song by Westlife, the first sentence of it is “Just a smile and the rain is gone.” Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile . First, learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your life. If you fail an exam or you are misunderstood by your friends, don’t be sad. Just smile at yourself . Smiling at yourself brings back your confidence . Sometimes the one who beats you is not others, but yourself. And smile can also keep you healthy. Second, learn to smile at others. It will make you communicate better with people. Smiling at

others makes yourself happy as well. In a word, smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone. It passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between you and other people. Living with a smile ,every day will be shiny. 【解析】这是一篇表格式的作文，要点是一表格的形式出现，首先要研究表格，找出需要表达的要点，然后加以整合，也可以适当增加使意思更连贯，但要点一定要全，不能漏掉。写作时要注意遣词造句，不能受汉语的影响，要用地道的英语表达，注意时态，语态，单词拼写，语法等问题，用好简单句，适当用复杂句。可以用一些高级词汇。还要注意句子的关联。
6．假设你是光明中学的学生李华，你正在参加“发现心灵最美的人，创建城市文明，争做文明市民” 活动，请根据以下汉语提示写一篇英文发言稿。 1. 上周三放学时，雨下得很大，于是在校门口打了一辆出租车； 2. 下车时由于匆忙把英语书落在车上；书上有你的姓名； 3. 到家发现书不见时，感到很焦急； 4. 幸运的是第二天早上，司机把书送到学校； 5. 当看到自己的书时，既开心又感动； 6. 你应该……你打算/将要. … 参考词汇：感动 be moved 幸运的是 fortunately 要求： 1. 词数：80-100； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。 Hello，everyone！I am Li Hua from Guangming, Middle School. Last Wednesday，when I finished school，it was_______________________________________________ 【答案】Hello，everyone！I am Li Hua from Guangming Middle School. Last Wednesday，when I finished school，it was raining hard（1）.Then l took a taxi at the school gate（2）.But I left my English book in the taxi（3）because l was in a hurry when L got out of it（4）.There was my name in my book（5）.When l got home and found my book gone. I felt very worried and sad（6）Fotunately /Luckily，the next morning，the kind-hearted driver sent it to my school（7）.I was very happy and moved（8）when I saw my book come back. I think I should learn from the driver（9）.And I am going to set up a lost and found website to help the people who need help（10）. 【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文，根据提示中的相关信息介绍一下你所正在参加“发现心灵最美的人，创建城市文明，争做文明市民” 的这个活动。所提供的信息中列举了 1. 上周三放学时，雨下得很大，于是在校门口打了一辆出租车；2. 下车时由于匆忙把英语书落在车上；书上有你

的姓名；3. 到家发现书不见时，感到很焦急；4. 幸运的是第二天早上，司机把书送到学校；5. 当看到自己的书时，既开心又感动；6. 你应该……你打算/将要. …；主要从这六个方面去介绍。时态为一般过去时，人称为第一人称。注意发作文中必须包含提示上的所有信息，并适当发挥。写作时，避免使用汉语式的英语，尽量使用我们熟悉的句子或短语。语法要正确，表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。【高分句型一】 I left my English book in the taxi because I was in a hurry when I got out of it. 我把英语书忘在出租车上了，因为我下车时很匆忙。句子 I because I was in a hurry when I got out of it.是由 because 引导的原因状语从句。【高分句型二】 I was very happy and moved when I saw my book come back. 当我看到我的书回来时，我非常高兴和感动。句子 when I saw my book come back.是由 when 引导的时间状语从句。
7．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计人总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目① 假如你是李华，明天下午 2:00 你要去参加“传统文化才艺展示”活动，因此不能上英语课。请用英文给你们的外教 John 写一张请假条，告诉他你要去干什么，为什么要参加这个活动以及你保证按时完成作业。提示词语:traditional talent show, Chinese culture, ask, help 提示问题:.What will you do tomorrow afternoon? Why will you take this activity? How will you finish your homework?
Dear John, I'm sorry to ask for absence from your English lesson.__________________ ______________________________________________________________ Your loring student Li lHua
题目② 一位好老师，胜过万卷书。在你的初中生活中，一定会有一位老师给你留下了深刻印象。某英文网站正在开展以“Thank you, my teacher”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，让更多的人认识你的老师，同时表达你对他/她的感激之情。主要内容包括: 哪位老师给你留下了深刻印象，发生了什么事使你印象深刻以及你想对他/她说些什么。

提示词语：kind, helpful，talk with，make progress 提示问题：Which teacher impressed you most? What happened to make you impressed? What do you want to say to him/her?
Thank you,my teacher _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
【答案】题目一： Dear John, I'm sorry to ask for absence fom your English lesson. I'm going to aend a traditional talent show at 2:00 tomorrow aftermoon. In order to let the foreign students in our school know more about Chinese culture, our school holds this talent show. I will introduce Chinese painting in English. I will ask my classmates to help me with my English. And I promise to finish my homework on time. Your loring student Li Hua
题目二： Among all my teachers, my English teacher impressed me most. She is always kind and helpful. last year, I did badly in a big test and I found English too hard. As soon as she found out this, she talked with me and gave me some helpful advice. With her encouragement, I have made great progress. I really want to say"Thank you for helping me. I love you!" to my English teacher. 【解析】【详解】、题目① 本文是一篇应用文，作文要求写一张请假条，因此格式要遵循假条的格式。假条的内容— —时间和事由均给出，结合提示问题可知假条主要从三个方面写，这三个方面需要作者自由发挥一部分内容。本例文是一篇应用文，人称为第一人称，时态是以一般将来时为主。例文分成三段，根据提示问题，每段成一行，这种写法条理清晰，分段明确。高分亮点：ask for；absence from；一般将来时；in order to；help sb with sth；promise to do；on time。

题目② 题目二是一篇话题作文，根据话题可知这是一篇感谢老师的文章。人称应该为第一人称。注意给出的提示问题，文章要包含这三部分的内容。本例文以第一人称书写，时态主要是一般过去时和一般现在时。文章第一段介绍“我”要感谢的老师，第二段用一般过去时介绍为什么“我”要感谢老师，第三段表达 “我”的感谢。分段明确，语句简洁不啰嗦，时态运用合理。高分亮点：Among all my teachers；did badly in；As soon as；found out；talked with；现在完成时；want to do sth。
8．（B）按要求完成大作文（80 词左右）节约资源，保护环境，从我们身边的小事做起。假设你是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，请以“My Green Life”为题写一篇短文，简单谈谈“绿色生活”的重要性，以及你所倡导的“绿色生活”方式。写作要求：词数 80 词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数，不得透露姓名等个人信息。【答案】My Green Life As the environment goes worse and worse, I think living a green life is really important for every one of us. Only when we live a green life can we have a better living environment. As for me, in my daily life, I often go to school by bike. It can not only help exercise myself, but also makes contribution to protecting the environment. Besides, I always turn off the lights whenever I am out to save energy. I hope everyone can live a green life. 【解析】【分析】本文主题关于绿色生活，环境保护，注意文章内容。【详解】首先点明如今的生活环境，越来越差，绿色生活势在必行。其次点明绿色生活的重要性。然后说我在日常生活中对绿色出行作出的贡献，骑自行车，出门关灯等。最后呼吁大家一起努力。【点睛】首先正确理解作文题目，不要偏题，本文是关于绿色生活，它的重要性，以及你在日常生活中是如何践行绿色生活的。其次，在语句正确的基础上，多运用连词，使文章升华，长短句结合，使文章更上一档次。
9．书面表达假如你是李华，马上将要中学毕业，一路上肯定有很多人帮助或者鼓励过你。某英文杂志社正向九年级毕业生征文，请用英语写一篇题为“Thank you, My ________”的短文，将你对你的父母、老师、朋友或同学的感谢表达出来。要求： (1)将标题补充完整，80 词左右； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

(3) 文章中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。 Thank you, My_______________
【答案】Thank you, my teacher! I'd like to say thanks to my English teacher, Miss Wang, because she's helped me a lot. Once, I
failed my English exam. When she found I was very worried, she encouraged me to study harder and promised to help me. After that, I turned to her for help every time I had questions. She was always patient to make me understand every single question. With her help, I've had enough courage to face difficulties and made much progress in English. Thank you, my dear teacher! The love and support from you will be with me forever. 【解析】【分析】这是一篇话题作文，以“Thank you, My teacher ”为题，写一篇短文，感谢我的老师。【详解】结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时，人称为单数第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：I'd like to……，When she found……，She was always patient to……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。【点睛】本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了我要感谢我的老师王小姐，接下来介绍她对我的帮助，最后表示从老师那里得到的爱和支持将永远和我在一起。此处 would like to, encourage sb to do sth, promise to do sth, turn to sb for help, make progress 等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。