南京航空航天大学2018年《620基础英语》考研专业课真题试卷

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南京航空航天大学考研真题《基础英语》5套2018-2014年

南京航空航天大学2018年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（A卷）科目代码:620满分:150 分科目名称:基础英语注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I. Vocabulary (20 points)A.Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, and D to best correspond to the word above. Be sure to writedown your choice on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. obliviousa) subtle b) obviousc) unaware d) unknown2. divergencea) connection b) differencec) depletion d) isolation3. incongruousa) inappropriate b) unusualc) suitable d) consistent4. resourcefula) thoughtful b) wittyc) excited d) delighted5. reproacha) movement nearer to a person or thingb) an act of thinking about something carefullyc) a feeling of great sadnessd) an act of blaming somebody6. consolidatea) strengthen b) take care ofc) encourage d) support7. masculinitya) heroism b) a process of an actionc) manliness d) frustration8. pejorativea) full of praise b) existing widelyc) humorous d) expressing disapproval9. coveta) want b) protectc) hide d) consider10. shrug offa) destroy b) laugh atc) dismiss d) removeB. Directions: Explain the italicized words in the following sentences with simple, everyday words or expressions in English. Be sure to write down your explanation on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. Peter was conspicuous for his queer jeans.2. The King’s English should not be laid down as an edict, and made immune to change from below.3. Alice is so fastidious about her food that I never invite her for dinner.4. With a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city.5. Rebellion was not confined to the United States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of theaftermath of the first serious war in a century.6. She laughed at my clumsy compliment and said I had better take to writing fashion articles instead ofpolitical leaders.7. This ideal “parcel” service is also a plus for the shipowners not to be dependent on only one customer.8. The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of the new dictionary is a curiousphenomenon.9. “I got a curious nature, ma’am. How’d you figure where your husband was?”10. On the day of the bombing I ran all over the city looking for missing friends and relatives, and I thoughtsomehow I had been spared.II. Cloze (20 points)A.Fill in each of the following blanks with a suitable word in its proper form and write down the requiredword on the answer sheet. (10 points)Earlier today, my colleague Derek Thompson argued that; it’s misleading to think of marriage 1 a “luxury good”. Why? Because luxury goods are something the 2 buy and the poor can’t afford. But in the case of 3 the trend is more complex. The vast majority of Americans tie the knot at some point in their lives, he argues. It’s just that those 4 a college education are far, far more likely to get divorced. Marriage is for everyone; failed marriages are 5 the poor.Bleak stuff. But it’s getting bleaker.Derek’s post is based 6 a long-term study of young Baby Boomers, who were at least 46 7 old by 2010. But among younger Americans, marriage really is looking more and more 8 something you’d have to buy at Tiffany's. According to 2012 Census Bureau report, 9 shows the percentage of men who have never married by age and income, the less a guy earns nowadays, the 10 likely they are to have ever gotten married.Well, that’s not l00 percent true. Among twenty-somethings there seems to be a rich bachelor 11 going on (or an overworked young professional effect, if you prefer). Those making $75,000 or more are somewhat less likely to have been married than 12 making between $40,000 and $75,000.This particular set of Census data unfortunately tells us much less about 13 and marriage. The problem: Stay-at-home moms.The key to remember, though, is that many educated, high-earning women, the sorts who are likely to meet and 14 educated and high-earning men, leave the workforce or go part time once they have children. So apublicist who once made over $70,000 a year might 15 earn $20,000 if she decided 16 work fewer hours while 17 for her children at home.Here’s why this trend--not just the move towards divorce like Derek talked about, 18 the move from marriage entirely -- is so gloomy. Getting married, and staying married, is 19 of the surest ways of securing a middle class life. By choosing 20 to wed in the first place, the poor are abandoning that chance at stability.B. Fill in each blank with a proper word from the following box. Change its form if necessary and write down the required word on the answer sheet. (10 points)lean to sound spread by down cry lap presence one before pagoda attack into assassinate sorrowput gloom turn forgivenessNEW DELHI, JANUARY 30, 1948 -- Mohandas K. Gandhi was 1 today by a Hindu extremist whose act plunged India into 2 and fear.Rioting broke out immediately in Bombay.The seventy-eight-year-old leader whose people had christened him the Great Soul of India died at 3:45 P.M. (1:15 A M. EST) with his head cradled in the 3 of his sixteen-year-old granddaughter, Mani.Just half an hour before, a Hindu fanatic, Ram Naturam, had pumped three bullets from a revolver 4 Gandhi’s frail body, emaciated by years of fasting and asceticism.Gandhi was shot in the luxurious gardens of Birla House in the 5 of one thousand of his followers, whom he was leading to the little summer pagoda where it was his habit 6 make his evening devotions.Dressed as always in his homespun, sacklike dhoti, and 7 heavily on a staff of stout wood, Gandhi was only a feet from the 8 when the shots were fired.Gandhi crumpled instantly, 9 his hand to his forehead in the Hindu gesture of10 to his assassin.Three bullets penetrated his body at close range, one in the upper right thigh, one in the abdomen, and 11 in the chest.The shots 12 like a string of firecrackers and it was a moment 13 Gandhi’s devotees realized what had happened. Then they 14 on the assassin savagely and would have torn him to bits had not police guards intervened with rifles and drawn bayonets.Over all India the word 15 like wildfire. Minutes after the flash was received in Bombay rioting broke out, with Hindu extremists 16 Moslems. A panic-stricken Moslem woman echoed the thoughts of thousands with a 17 : “God help us all!”In Delhi itself, in the quick-gathering 18 of the night, the news set the people on the march.They walked slowly 19 the avenues and out of the squalid bazaars, converging on Birla House. There 20 the thousands they stood weeping silently or moaning a wailing.III. Error correction (20 points)Directions: There are twenty mistakes in the following passage. You are required to underline or mark the mistakes and get them corrected. Be sure to write down the correct form on the answer sheet.Exa mple: “Wordsworth is said to have ∨most fascinating voice!” theLike the life span, the metabolic rate has, for differentorganisms, a fixed mathematical relationship to the body mass.In comparison to the life span, this relationship is “inverted”: thelarger the organism, the low its metabolic rate. Such relationship 1. __________is valid not only for birds, but also for other organisms.Animals which behave “frugal” with energy become 2. __________particularly old, for example, crocodiles and tortoises. Parrots andbirds of prey are often held chain up. Thus they are not able to 3. __________“experience life” and so they can attain a high life span incaptivities. Animals which save energy by hibernation live much 4. __________longer than those which are always active. The metabolic rate ofa mice can be reduced by a very low consumption of food. They 5. __________then may live twice as long as their well-fed comrades. Womenbecome distinctively older than men. If you examine the metabolic 6. __________rates of the two sexes, you establish that the higher male metabolicrate roughly accounts for the short male life span. That means that 7. __________they live life “energetically” --- more intensely, but not for as long.It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reservesshould tend to extend life. Extremely high performance sports 8. _________may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quitecertainly do not prolong life. Relaxation lowers metabolic rate,like does adequate sleep. Each of us can develop his or her own 9. __________“energy saving programme” with a little self-observation andself-control. Experience will show that live in this way not only 10. __________ increases the life span but also is very healthy.IV. Paraphrase (30 points)Directions: Restate the following sentences in another form in English to clarify the meaning. Be sure to write down your restatement on the answer sheet.1. As you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the mutedcloth market.2. I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had nothing to do with anything aNippon railways official might say.3. Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef.4. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by.5. Carla fled away from her parents because she wanted to lead an authentic kind of life.6. New York was never a good convention city but it is making something of a comeback as a tourist attraction.7. Wearing that Dior dress, she made everyone else in a room or street look cheap.8. Let us remember that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.9. Perhaps the child was born defective, or perhaps it has become imbecile through fear, malnutrition, andneglect.10. Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape.V. General Knowledge (20 points)A. Directions: Choose the best to fill in the blank or answer the question.(10 points)1. What kind of figure of speech is used in lines “Till all the seas gone dry, my dear,/ And the rocks melt with the sun,/ And I will love thee still, my dear.”A. oxymoronB. metonymyC. understatementD. hyperbole2. ____ is defined as “an author’s careful arrangement of incidents in a narrative to achieve a desired effect.”A. settingB. toneC. plotD. exposition3. As a literary approach, ____ can be defined as a discourse that concerns itself particularly with literature written in English in formerly colonized countries.A. Marxist criticismB. Feminist criticismC. Postcolonial CriticismD. Psychoanalysis criticism4. Which one of the following plays is not regarded as the most important tragedies of William Shakespeare?A. Romeo and JulietB. OthelloC. King LearD. Macbeth5. The publication of ___ symbolized the real beginning of British Romanticism.A. Lyrical BalladsB. Leaves of GrassC. Pride and PrejudiceD. Walden6. ___ won the 2017 Nobel Prize for Literature.A. Alice MunroB. Doris LessingC. Margaret AtwoodD. Kazuo Ishiguro7. All theories about the origin of language are hypothetical in nature. Which of the following is not a theory / hypothesis about the origin of language?A. Innateness hypothesis.B. The evolutionary theory.C. The divine-origin theory.D. The invention theory.8. Which of the following falls under the category of semantics?A．PS Rules B. IC AnalysisC. Componential AnalysisD. Error Analysis9. ___ is designed to discover mainly what the testee does not know about the language. A test of such kindcan help the teacher to find out what is wrong with the previous learning and what should be included in the future teaching work.A. Achievement testB. Proficiency testC. Diagnostic testD. Aptitude test10. Which of the following descriptions about the London School is INCORRECT?A. One of the chief representatives of London School is M.A.K. Halliday.B. It stresses the importance of context of situation aspect of language.C. It stresses the importance of the system aspect of language.D. It is best known for its contribution to phonology.B. Directions: Candidates are FREE to choose any FIVE from the following TEN terms and explain them in plain English on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. Endocentric construction2. Syntax3. Assimilation4. Functional sentence perspective5. Cohesion6. Stream of Consciousness7. Gothic fiction8. Critical Realism9. Protagonist10. Harlem RenaissanceVI. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked［A］,［B］,［C］or［D］. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Be sure to write down your choice on the answer sheet.Passage AIn the first age, we created gods. We carved them out of wood; there was still such a thing as wood, then. We forged them from shining metals and painted them on temple walls. They were gods of many kinds, and goddesses as well. Sometimes they were cruel and drank our blood, but also they gave us rain and sunshine, favourable winds, good harvests, fertile animals, many children. A million birds flew over us then, a million fish swam in our seas.Our gods had horns on their heads, or moons, or sealy fins, or the beaks of eagles. We called them All-Knowing, we called them Shining One. We knew we were not orphans. We smelled the earth and rolled in it; its juices ran down our chins.In the second age we created money. This money was also made of shining metals. It had two faces: on one side was a severed head, that of a king or some other noteworthy person, on the other face was something else, something that would give us comfort: a bird, a fish, a fur-bearing animal. This was all that remained of our former gods. The money was small in size, and each of us would carry some of it with him every day, as close to the skin as possible. We could not eat this money, wear it or burn it for warmth; but asif by magic it could be changed into such things. The money was mysterious, and we were in awe of it. If you had enough of it, it was said, you would be able to fly.In the third age, money became a god. It was all-powerful, and out of control. It began to talk. It began to create on its own. It created feasts and famines, songs of joy, lamentations. It created greed and hunger, which were its two faces. Towers of glass rose at its name, were destroyed and rose again. It began to eat things. It ate whole forests, croplands and the lives of children. It ate armies, ships and cities. No one could stop it. To have it was a sign of grace.In the fourth age we created deserts. Our deserts were of several kinds, but they had one thing in common: nothing grew there. Some were made of cement, some were made of various poisons, some of baked earth. We made these deserts from the desire for more money and from despair at the lack of it. Wars, plagues and famines visited us, but we did not stop in our industrious creation of deserts. At last all wells were poisoned, all rivers ran with filth, all seas were dead; there was no land left to grow food.Some of our wise men turned to the contemplation of deserts. A stone in the sand in the setting sun could be very beautiful, they said.You who have come here from some distant world, to this dry lakeshore and this cairn, and to this cylinder of brass, in which on the last day of all our recorded days I place our final words: Pray for us, who once, too, thought we could fly.1. According to the passage, money is “mysterious” because it ___.A. can speak to human beings.B. seems to be omnipotent.C. is a symbol of wealth.D. is a sign of grace.2. In the passage, “age” refers to ____.A. Different phases of civilization.B. The recorded year in human history.C. Different social systems in human history.D. The scale of intelligence of human beings in history.3. Which of the following statement about gods described in the passage is true?A. Gods always bless human beings.B. Gods are more often than not ferocious in the age of metals.C. Gods are created, carved out of wood or metals.D. Gods are symbols of huma n’s greed.4. Which of the following statements about “deserts” is NOT true?A. No life survives in the deserts.B. Deserts are nothing but a process of desertification.C. It is human being’s greed for money that leads to the prevalence of deserts.D. Deserts result in wars, plagues and famines, which causes more deserts.5. From this passage, we know that ____.A. Human beings will go extinct by themselves one day.B. Human beings are living in the fourth age.C. The earth will become more and more inhabitable since there will never be enough money.D. The author is pessimistic of the future of human beings.Passage BSafety is a concern of everyone who flies or contemplates it. I can provide you with volumes of information about the attention to safety given by the airline industry. No other form of transportation is as scrutinized, investigated and monitored as commercial aviation.Yet if you decide to hold onto the belief that flying is dangerous, then these reassuring safety facts are lost to you. Statistics and figures that prove airline transportation to be the safest way to travel relate to our logical, reasoning, rational mind. Most passengers who have knowledge of the commercial airline industry believe that flying is safe. But when someth ing occurs that we don’t understand, any of us can become quickly frightened. That’s why I encourage you to study as much as you need to reassure yourself about the industry and to take some of the mystery out of commercial flight.However, some small thing may occur on one of your flights that you haven’t studied. If you become startled or frightened at that time, the statistics that I am about to present may come in handy. An airline accident is so rare, when some unfamiliar noise or bump occurs, your response need not be, “Oh, no! What’s wrong?!” Instead, it can be something like, “I’m not sure what that sound was, but there’s nothing to worry about.” Feel free to press your overhead call button to page a flight attendant whenever you want to ask abou t unfamiliar sights or sounds. But you needn’t jump to fearful conclusions.Dr. Arnold Barnett, of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has done extensive research in the field of commercial flight safety. He found that over the fifteen years between 1975 and 1994, the death risk per flight was one in seven million. This statistic is the probability that someone who randomly selected one of the airline’s flights over the 19-year study period would be killed in route. That means that any time you board a flight on a major carrier in this country, your chance of being in a fatal accident is one in seven million. It doesn’t matter whether you fly once every three years or every day of the year.In fact, based on this incredible safety record, if you did fly every day of your life, probability indicates that it would take you nineteen thousand years before you would succumb to a fatal accident.Perhaps you have occasionally taken the train for your travels, believing that it would be safer. Think again. Based on train accidents over the past twenty years, your chances of dying on a transcontinental train journey are one in a million. Those are great odds, mind you. But flying coast-to-coast is ten times safer than making the trip by train.How about driving, our typical form of transportation? There are approximately one hundred and thirty people killed daily in auto accidents. That’s every day -- yesterday, today and tomorrow. And that’s forty-seven thousand killed per year.6. According to the passage, which of the following statement about transportation safety is correct?A. The safety of the train is the most concerned one among people.B. The safety of commercial aviation is the most concerned one among people.C. The safety of driving is the most concerned one among people.D. The safety of different transportations is equally concerned among people.7. Dr. Arnold Barnett’s finding that “the death risk per flight was one in seven million” means ___.A. whether a person flies every three years or every day of the year, he will be safe.B. It is not likely for a person to be in danger during flight.C. The possibility of encountering deadly accident is extremely slim.D. One will die if he flies for seven million times.8. According to the author, for those who worry about the safety of flying, they should ___.A. study the flight industry and disclose the mysteries of it.B. be familiar with the statistics and figures as much as possible.C. not argue with others about the safety of the plane.D. not forget that trains and cars are no safer than flying.9. According to the passage, the author argues that ___.A. trains are not as safe as driving.B. driving is more dangerous so people tend to travel by train.C. taking the train to travel is more dangerous than flying so people tend to take flight.D. people still feel the threat of death even they know flying is rather safe.10. What is the best title for this passage?A. The Safest TransportationB. Safety MattersC. No Statistics, No SafetyD. Misunderstanding about FlyingPassage CN ew nature writing is a relatively new literary genre, but it’s become so popular that Barack Obama included one of these books, H is for Hawk, by Helen Macdonald, in his summer holiday reading list.What is this new genre? New nature writing combines memoir with the author’s experience with nature. The author has suffered a trauma, and they turn to the natural world for solace. In H is for Hawk, Helen Macdonald tells of the unexpected loss of her father in her late thirties. To distract herself from her grief, she attempts to tame a hawk. It’s not surprising that Obama would cho ose this book — he, too, lost hi Similarly, Amy Liptrot, in her book The Outrun, describes her return to the isle of Orkney, where she took long walks and rebuilt a stone wall as a way of recovering from alcohol addiction and the breakup of a relationship. These are but two of many recent examples.Writing about nature as a way of easing the pain of illness or trauma is nothing new, of course. John Keats, for example, wrote his poem Ode to a Nightingale in 1819 as he battled tuberculosis.The natural environment seems not only to help us heal, but also to unblock our creative powers. In his novel Amsterdam, Ian McEwan describes the frustration of his main character, Clive Linley, who feels blockedas he tries to finish a musical composition. He leaves London because, as McEwan writes, Linley knew he “needed mountains, big skies. The Lake District, perhaps”.What is it about nature that’s so healing and so inspiring? It seems that just looking at a natural object has a powerful and positive effect.Roger Ulrich at the University of Delaware examined the medical records of 46 patients who’d undergone gall bladder surgery between 1972 and 1981. Twenty-three of them convalesced in a ward that looked out onto an open space full of trees, while the other 23 had a view of a brick wall. Ulrich found that those who viewed the trees had a shorter post-operative stay and took fewer strong analgesics than did the other patients.Whatever it is that the natural environment does for us —whether it’s something in the environment itself, or the exposure to natural light or an increase in exercise that stimulates the release of endorphins — it seems that experiencing the natural world has great power.Distilling that experience into words, music or art can help us even more. As Helen Macdonald explained in a recent interview, writing down her experiences gave her a sense “that something was done, and it was a goodbye to my father and to that time”.Next time you feel blocked creatively, therefore, or you seek relief from pain as you recover from a trauma, make sure you spend some time in natural surroundings.11. Which one of the following cannot exemplify that nature is a way of relieving pain and trauma?A. H is for HawkB. The OutrunC. “Ode to a Nightingale”D. Amsterdam12. Ulrich’s experiment shows that ___.A. Barack Obama is wise to read the new nature writing.B. patients will never suffer from gall bladder after successful surgery.C. those patients having a view of wall tend to suffer from psychological problem.D. those patients having a view of lives tend to recover better and faster.13. According to the passage, what cannot be concluded or inferred?A. Nature makes people feel peaceful and comfortable.B. Nature will remind people of the sweet memories in the past.C. Nature helps people overcome traumatic experiences.D. Nature is more often than not inspiring for people.14. New nature writing ____.A. is a kind of literary critical approachB. is regarded as a new type of writingC. is not new at all since its relevance to nature writingD. stems from people’s desire to recall the past15. From the passage we know that ___.A. nature is omnipotent.B. nature is full of mysteries which makes it powerful.C. nature can heal, both physically and psychologically.D. nature has healing power and hospitals should be built within nature.Passage DIdentity, as academ ics define it, falls into two broad categories: “achieved” identity derived from personal effort, and “ascribed” identity based on innate characteristics.Everyone has both, but people tend to be most attached to their “best” identity — the one that offers the most social status or privileges. Successful professionals, for example, often define their identities primarily through their careers. For generations, working-class whites were doubly blessed: They enjoyed privileged status based on race, as well as the fruits of broad economic growth.White people’s officially privileged status waned over the latter half of the 20th century with the demise of discriminatory practices in, say, university admissions. But rising wages, an expanding social safety net and new educational opportunities helped offset that. Most white adults were wealthier and more successful than their parents, and confident that their children would do better still. That feeling of success may have provided a sort of identity in itself.But as Western manufacturing and industry have declined, taking many working-class towns with them, parents and grandparents have found that the opportunities they once had are unavailable to the next generation. That creates an identity vacuum to be filled.Arlie Russell Hochschild describes a feeling of lost opportunity. Her subjects felt like they were waiting in a long line to reach the top of a hill where the American dream was waiting for them. But the line’s uphill progress had slowed, even stopped. A nd immigrants, black people and other “outsiders” seemed to be cutting the line.For many Western whites, opportunities for achieved identity — the top of the hill — seem unattainable. So their ascribed identity — their whiteness — feels more important than ever.The formal rejection of racial discrimination in those societies has, by extension, constructed a new, broader national identity. The United States has a black president.But that broadening can, to some, feel like a painful loss, articulated in the demand voiced over and over at Trump rallies.The loss of that comforting hum has accelerated a phenomenon that Robin DiAngelo, calls “white fragility” — the stress white people feel when they confront the knowledge that they are neither special nor the default; that whiteness is just a race like any other. Fragility leads to feelings of insecurity, defensiveness, even threat. And it can trigger a backlash against those who are perceived as outsiders.Even some conservative analysts who support a multieth nic “melting pot” national identity worry that unassimilated immigrants could threaten core national values and cultural cohesion.The struggle for white identity is not just a political problem; it is about the “deep story” of feeling stuck while others move forward.There will not likely be a return to the whiteness of social dominance and exclusive national identity. Immigration cannot be halted without damaging Western nations’ economies; immigrants who have already。

南京航空航天大学航空宇航学院2018年学硕招生目录_南京航空航天大学考研网

人数
考试科目
备注
232
①101 思想政治理论②201
英语一③301 数学一④811 要求考生具有理工科专业
普通物理或 815 理论力学背景，复试科目选择：一
或 816 材料力学
般力学与力学基础、固体
复试科目:510 力学基础综力学、工程力学、纳米力
合或 518 流体力学基础综学请选择 510 力学基础综
080400 仪器科学与技术 080402 测试计量技术及仪器 01 传感器及智能仪器技术(全日制) 02 计算机测控技术(全日制) 03 光电检测技术及系统(全日制) 04 导航定位与测量(全日制)
①101 思想政治理论②201 机械设计及理论初试科
英语一③301 数学一④811 目：请选择：理论力学或
082500 航空宇航科学与技术 082501 飞行器设计 01 直升机空气动力学(全日制) 02 直升机飞行力学与控制(全日制) 03 直升机动力学与控制(全日制) 04 旋翼飞行器总体设计(全日制) 05 旋翼飞行器结构设计(全日制) 06 飞行器总体设计(全日制) 07 飞行器结构设计(全日制) 08 飞行器系统设计(全日制) 09 无人机设计(全日制) 10 微型飞行器设计(全日制) 11 飞行器可靠性工程(全日制) 12 飞机气动设计与飞行力学(全日制) 13 高超声速飞行器设计(全日制) 14 大型飞机综合设计(全日制) 15 大型飞机设计系统工程(全日制) 16 大型飞机长寿命高可靠性设计(全日制) 17 大型飞机起落架设计(全日制) 18 航空宇航系统设计(全日制) 19 飞行器适航技术(全日制)
081406 桥梁与隧道工程 01 桥梁设计计算理论与施工技术(全日制) 02 桥梁结构监测、检测、评估与加固技术 (全日制) 03 桥梁结构的管理养护系统(全日制)

2018江苏南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础考研真题

2018江苏南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础考研真题Part I. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from English into Chinese.One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ ×15 =15’)1. accident rate2. community of shared interests3. online car-hailing4. Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank5. takeoff runway6. Global Navigation Satellite System7. Remote Sensing Satellite8. spacesuit9. lunar module10. multi-entry visa11. simulated flight test12. space debris13. unmanned spacecraft14. two-dimensional barcode15. cosmic velocityPart II. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from Chinese into English.One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ ×15 =15’)1. 航站楼2. 新常态3. 自贸区4. 供给侧改革5. 人工智能6. 低碳城市7. 量子卫星8. 精准扶贫9. 实名认证10.“丝绸之路经济带”11. 免税店12. 无现金支付13. 带薪休假14. 航天飞机15. 雷达识别Part III. Translate the following passages from English into Chinese. Each passage accounts for30 points an d the total for this part is 60 points (30’ ×2 = 60’).Passage 1Sometimes you’d rather not know the bad news. An estimated 500,000 pieces of space junk—old satellites, rocket parts, debris from collisions—swarm in orbit around Earth. Much of it is potentially deadly: NASA officials say anything larger than 1 centimeter in diameter poses a threat to the International Space Station (ISS). But current tracking systems can generally only watch objects 10 cm or larger, and the U.S. government now follows less than 5% of space hazards—just 23,000 objects. That should change with the addition of a powerful new Air Force radar system, scheduled to break ground this month on Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands.When it comes online in 2019, Space Fence is expected to find and track as many as 150,000additional humanmade objects, some as small as a golf ball, says Dana Whalley,Space Fence program manager, who is stationed at Hanscom Air Force Base in Massachusetts. In addition to enabling the Air Force to better protect Defense Department satellites from collisions, the new system will improve the military’s ability to observe and track foreign satellite activity, especially in the busy Asia-Pacific region.Passage 2Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions,like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy–ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness – that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what – at last – I have found.Part IV. Translate the following passages from Chinese into English. Each passage accounts for30 points and the total for this part is 60 points (30’ ×2 = 60’).Passage 1气候变化是当今人类社会面临的共同挑战。

2018江苏南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语考研真题

2018江苏南京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语考研真题注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.1.Since the couple would not _____ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A. resignB. complyC. coincideD. reconcile2.Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt ____ lonely.A. everything butB. all butC. anything butD. nothing but3. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be _____ about 45 minutes.A. exceededB. delayedC. prolongedD. expanded4.The boy’s father said, “You’ll learn what discipline is like when you go into the army. You can’t do as you like there, you know, you have to _____.”5.If profit and money are your first ______, and commitment to people your least concern, you have failed education.A. potentialityB. priorityC. superiorityD. responsibility6.Her stubbornness _____ her in relationships with other people.A. prevailedB. prohibitedC. hinderedD. forbade7.So far as he could, John had always tried to _____ the example he saw in Lincoln.A. live up toB. set forthC. call forD. cut out8.With sufficient scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _______.A. obtainableB. potentialC. considerableD. feasible9.The new safety regulations were agreed on after _____ with the workforce.A. conferenceB. participationC. interventionD. consultation10. There is not much time left; so I’ll tell you about it _______.A. in detailB. in beliefC. in shortD. in all11. ______ men have learned much from the behavior of animals is not new.A. ThatB. ThoseC. WhatD. Whether12. He must have had an accident, or he ______ then.A. would have been hereB. had to be hereC, should be hereD. would be here13.The second book was _____ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere insight.A. completedB. to have completedC. to completeD. to have been completed14.Only by shouting at the top of his voice ______.A. was he able to make himself hearB. he was able to make himself hearC. he was able to make himself heardD. was he able to make himself heard15. Having no money but _____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A. not to want anyoneB. not wanting anyoneC. want no oneD. to want no one16.People who refuse to _____ with the law will be punished.A. obeyB. consentC. concealD. comply17.These excursions will give you an ever deeper ____ into our language and culture.A. inquiryB. investigationC. inputD. insight18.Every society has its own peculiar customs and _____ of acting.A. waysB. behaviorC. attitudesD. means19.If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of _____.A. assuranceB. persuasionC. encouragementD. confirmation20.China started its nuclear power industry only in recent years, and should _____ no time in catching up.A. delayB. loseC. lagD. LessenII. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1The report from the Bureau of Labour Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16‐year high of 7.6 percent, as 598,000 jobs were slashed from US payrolls in the worst single‐month decline since December, 1974. With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we’re doing well or d oing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. The problem is that the statistics aren’t an objective measure of reality; they are simply a best approximation. Directionally, they capture the trends, but the idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a myth. That makes finding a solution all the more difficult.First, there is the way the data is assembled. The official unemployment rate is the product of a telephone survey of about 60,000 homes. There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the “payroll survey” that assesses 400,000 businesses based on their reported payrolls. Both surveys have problems. The payroll surveycan easily double‐count someone: if you are one person with two jobs, you show up as two workers. The payroll survey also doesn’t capture the number of self‐employed, and so says little about how many people are generating an independent income. The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you’re employed, and you say yes, you’re employed. If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn that you are only unemployed if you’ve been actively looking for work in the past four weeks; otherwise, you are “marginally attached to the labour force” and not actually unemployed.The urge to quantify is embedded in our society. But the idea that statisticians can then capture an objective reality isn’t just impossible. It also leads to serious misjudgments. Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind.21.What do we learn from the first passage?A.The US economic situation is going from bad to worse.B.Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs.C.The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.D.The recent economic crisis has taken the US by surprise.22.What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics?A. They form a solid basis for policy‐makingC. They signal future economic trendsB. They represent the current situation.D. They do fully reflect the reality.23. One problem with the payroll survey is that _____.A. it does not include all the businessesC. it magnifies the number of the joblessB. it fails to count in the self‐employedD. it does not treat all companies equally24.The household survey can be faulty in that ______.A.people tend to lie when talking on the phoneB.not everybody is willing or ready to respondC.some people won’t provide truthful informationD.the definition of unemployment is too broad25.At the end of the passage, the author suggests that ______.A.statisticians improve their data assembling methodsB.decision‐makers view the statistics with a critical eyeC.politicians listen more before making policy decisionsD.Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issues.Passage 2A few years back, the decision to move the Barnes, a respected American art institution, from its current location in the suburban town of Merion, Pa., to a site in Philadelphia’s museum district caused an argument‐‐‐not only because it shamelessly went against the will of the founder, Albert C. Barnes, but alsobecause it threatened to dismantle a relationship among art, architecture and landscape critical to the Barnes’s success as a museum.For any architect taking on the challenge of the new space, the confusion of moral and design questions might seem overwhelming. What is an architect’s responsibi lity to Barnes’s vision of a marvelous but odd collection of early Modern artworks housed in a rambling 1920s Beaux‐Arts pile? Is it possible to reproduce its spirit in such a changed setting? Or does trying to replicate the Barnes’s unique atmosphere only doom you to failure? The answers of the New York architects taking the commission are not reassuring.The new Barnes will include many of the features that have become virtually mandatory in the museum world today‐‐‐conservation and education departments, temporary exhibition space, auditorium, bookstore, café‐‐‐ making it four times the size of the old Barnes. The architects have tried to compensate for this by laying out these spaces in an elaborate architectural procession that is clearly intended to replicate the peacefulness, if not the fantastic charm, of the old museum.But the result is a complicated design. Almost every detail seems to ache from the strain of trying to preserve the spirit of the original building in a very different context. The failure to do so, despite such an earnest effort, is the strongest argument yet for why the Barnes should not be moved in the first place.The old Barnes is by no means an obvious model for a great museum. Inside the lighting is far from perfect, and the collection itself, mixing masterpieces by Cezanne, Picasso and Soutine with second‐rate paintings by lesser‐known artists, has a distinctly odd flavor. But these apparent flaws are also what have made the Barnes one of the country’s most charming exhibition spaces.But today the new Barnes is after a different kind of audience. Although museum officials say the existing limits on crowd size will be kept, it is clearly meant to draw bigger numbers and more tourists dollars. For most visitors the relationship to the art will feel less immediate.26.The Old Barnes becomes a successful museum mainly because of _______.A.the beneficial geographical position in a suburban townB.its unique design and orderly collection of artsC.the influence of its founder Albert C. BarnesD.the perfect connection among art, architecture and landscape27.The biggest challenge architects face in building the new Barnes is _______.A.the ethical and design problemsB.the difficulty to retain its original peacefulnessC.the lack of confidence in undertaking the taskD.the difficulty to put all the artworks in a smaller space28.According to the passage, the new Barnes will ______.A. be completely the same as the old oneC. be changed into an art education centerB. take up more space than the old oneD. be forced to be modern in appearance29.Why does the author oppose to relocate the Barnes?A.The relocation means disrespect to the person who runs it.B.Architectures’ complicated design will make the museum charmless.C.The spirit of the old Barnes will be gone in a different place.D.The multiple functions of the new Barnes will destroy the collection.30.What do we know about the old Barnes from the fifth paragraph?A.It is a food example of the great modern museums.B.It is downgraded by the mixture of different paintings.C.The world‐famous painters’ works make it a charming place.D.It is the seeming imperfection that makes it attractive.Passage 3For me, scientific knowledge is divided into mathematical sciences, natural sciences or sciences dealing with the natural world (physical and biological sciences), and sciences dealing with mankind (psychology, sociology, all the sciences of cultural achievements, every kind of historical knowledge). Apart from these sciences is philosophy, about which we will talk later. In the first place, all this is pure or theoretical knowledge, sought only for the purpose of understanding, in order to fulfill the need to understand what is intrinsic and consubstantial to man. What distinguishes man from animal is that he knows and needs to know. If man did not know that the world existed, and that the world was of a certain kind, that he was in the world and that he himself was equally necessary for man and are of the greatest importance, because they also contribute to defining him as man and permit him to pursue a life increasingly more truly human.But even while enjoying the results of technical progress, he must defend the primacy and autonomy of pure knowledge. Knowledge sought directly for its practical applications will have immediate and foreseeable success, but not the kind of important result whose revolutionary scope is in large part unforeseen, except by the imagination of the Utopians. Let me recall a well‐known example. If the Green mathematicians had not applied themselves to the investigation of conic sections(圆锥曲线), zealously and without the least suspicion that it might someday be useful, it would not have been possible centuries later to navigate far from shore. The first men to study the nature of electricity could not imagine that their experiments, carried on because of mere intellectual curiosity, would eventually lead to modern electrical technology, without which we can scarcely conceive of contemporary life. Pure knowledge is valuable for its own sake, because the human spirit cannot resign itself to ignorance. But, in addition, it is the foundation for practical results that would not have been reached if this knowledge had not been sought disinterestedly.31. The most important advances made by mankind come from _____.A. technical applicationsB. apparently useless informationC. the natural sciencesD. philosophy32. The author does not include among the sciences the study of _______.A. chemistryB. astronomyC. economicsD. anthropology33. In the paragraph that follows this passage, we may expect the author to discuss _____.A. the value of technical researchB. the value of pure researchC. philosophyD. scientific foundations34. The title below that best expressed the ideas of this passage is _______.A. Technical ProgressB. A Little Learning Is a Dangerous ThingC. Man’s Distinguishing CharacteristicsD. Le arning for Its Own Sake35. The practical scientist _______.A. knows the value of what he will discoverB. is interested in the unknownC. knows that the world existsD. conceives of contemporary lifePassage 4Every year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop‐lifting. In Britain alone, about HK $ 3 000 000’s worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. This amounts to something like HK$150 million a year, and represents about 4 percent of the shop’s total stock. As a result of this “shrinkage” as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.Shoplifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateur, and the people who just can’t help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two‐way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shoplifting. The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law‐biding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of shoplifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent‐mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager.In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop‐lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, theother 999 999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years’ time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body‐search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!36. Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops?A. There is “shrinkage” in market values.B. Many goods are not available.C. Goods in many shops lack varietyD. There are many cases of shoplifting37. The third group of people steal things because they _______.A. are mentally illB. are quite absent‐mindedC. can not resist the temptationD. can not afford to pay for goods38.According to the passage, law‐abiding citizens ______.A.can possibly steal things because of their povertyB.can possibly take away goods without payingC.have never stolen goods from the supermarketsD. are difficult to be caught when they steal things39.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of shop‐lifting?A big percentage of the total losses are caused by the professionalsB.The deliberate amateurs will be punished severely if they get caught.C.People would expect that those who can’t help themselves are poor.D.The professionals don’t cause a lot of trouble to the store detectives.40 The aircraft hijack situation is used in order to show that _______.A. “the professionals do not pose much of a problem for the stores”B. some people “simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops”C. “ the honest public has to pay higher prices”D. the third type of shoplifters are dangerous peopleIII. Translation A(20 points)Directions: Translate the following passages into Chinese. Please write your version in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.1.In 2011, many shoppers chose to avoid the frantic crowds and do their holiday shopping from the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%, making it the biggest season ever. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year.What went wrong? Is the lingering shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or that people shop more impulsively ‐‐‐and therefore make bad decisions ‐‐‐when online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit, the fall of a fold or, for that matter, the weight of an earring. And physically interacting with an object makes you committed to your purchase.2.The basic delivery system for the distance‐education mega‐universities is television, supplemented by other technologies or even some online instruction inmore developed countries. Some distance‐education systems use two‐way interactive video connections to particular locations where students gather; others supplement with the Internet, and still others deliver only by Internet. With video‐and audio ‐streaming now available, the Internet appears to be the technology of choice for systems where students have access to computers. Of course, these technologies merely add to the radio‐delivered courses that have been offered for years in many countries around the world.IV. Translation B (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passages into English. Please write your version in the corresponding space on the ANSWER SHEET.1.中国是一个发展中的大国，在工业化的过程中，环境问题比较突出，因此国家把环境保护列为一项基本国策。

南京航空航天大学考研真题《教育综合》4套2018-2015

2018年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（A卷）科目代码:333满分:150 分科目名称:教育综合注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）1.教学2.美育3.六艺4.活动课程5.终身教育6.赫尔巴特的教育目的论二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1.简述皮亚杰的认知发展理论。

2.简述卢梭自然教育的基本内容。

3.简述教学评价的原则。

4.简述教育的政治功能。

三、分析论述题（每题20分，共80分）1.作为一名教师，请阐释如何构建良好的师生关系。

2.请结合自己的经验，谈谈课程内容的选择。

3.分析孟子的性善论对当代教育的启示。

4.试论述布鲁纳的结构主义教育思想对当代教育的影响。

2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（A卷）科目代码:333满分:150 分科目名称:教育综合注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！一、名词解释（共6题，每题5分，共30分）1. 课程标准2. 科举制度3. 学习动机4. 班级授课制5. 最近发展区6. 助产术（苏格拉底法）二、简答题（共5题，可任选4题作答，每题10分，共40分）1. 简述教育的基本要素2. 简述教师劳动的特点3. 简述学校德育的基本途径4. 简述班集体的教育功能5. 简述教学工作的基本环节三、分析论述题（共5题，可任选4题作答，每题20分，共80分）1. 论述建构主义学习理论的基本观点2. 论述孔子因材施教思想及其教育影响3. 结合经验，论述“理论联系实际”的教育教学原则4. 结合经验论述教师的素养5. 论述卢梭的自然教育思想2016年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题 A卷科目代码:333满分:150 分科目名称:教育综合注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！一、名词解释（共6题，每题5分，共30分）1.校本课程2.科举制度3.学习策略4.京师同文馆5.德育6.教学原则二、简答题（共5题，可任选4题作答，每题10分，共40分）1.简述孔子的因材施教的教育思想2.简述班级授课制的优点3.学习动机的需要层次理论4.简述教学评价的原则5.简述教学的任务三、分析论述题（共5题，可任选4题作答，每题20分，共80分）1.论述陶行知的“生活即教育”思想2.论述“个人本位论”和“社会本位论”的争论及其对人才培养的意义3.阐释人的发展的规律及其对教育的启示4.阐释蔡元培对北京大学的改革5.论述杜威的“做中学”的教育理论2015年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题 A卷科目代码:333满分:150 分科目名称:教育综合注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！一、名词解释（每题5分，共30分）1.学校教育制度2.马斯洛的需要层次论3.教学方法4.科举制度5.课程6.迁移二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1.简述清朝末期传统教育的困境2.简述心理学意义上的问题解决的过程3.简述赫尔巴特的教育心理学化思想4.简述宋朝的文教政策三、分析论述题（每题20分，共80分）1.结合经验论述“理论联系实际”的教学原则2.评述杜威的教育思想3.论述我国当代的教育目的4.阐释教学过程的性质。

南京航空航天大学861西方政治思想史2018年考研专业课真题试卷

南京航空航天大学
科目代码: 科目名称:
2018 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题（ A 卷）
861 西方政治思想史
满分: 150 分
注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项；②所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无
效；③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回！
一、简答题（共 6 题，每题 15 分，计 90 分。） 1、简述柏拉图“理念说”的基本内涵。 2、简述亚里士多德“人天生是政治动物”的思想。 3、简述中世纪教权与王权的关系及其思想根源。 4、简述霍布斯的个人主义方法论。 5、简评保守主义思想。 6、简述十九世纪的社会主义思想及其根源。
二、论述题（共 2 题，每题 30 分，计 60 分。） 1、述评不同的思想流派关于政府与市场、社会职能边界的观点。 2、从西方政治思想史的角度阐释主权理论与人权理论，并以自己的立场评析之。
科目代码：861 科目名称：西方政治思想史第 1 页共 1 页
精都教育——全国 100000 考生的选择
我们的梦想，为成就更多人的梦想
南京航空航天大学研究生入学考试试题
原版考研真题试卷
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南京航空航天大学2018年考研专业课真题试卷（原版）

考研_2018江苏南京航空航天大学法语考研真题

2018江苏南京航空航天大学法语考研真题I: Structure grammaticale et vocabulaire 单项选择（20%）1. Un Français ______ cinq fait aujourd’hui partie de ce qu’on appelle le troisième âge.A. surB. parC. entreD. dans2. Dimanche prochain, Paul va ______ de guide auprès d’une délégation chinoise.A. se servirB. devenirC. se faireD. servir3. Il faut qu’on ______ cette voiture chez un mécanicien.A. conduiseB. dirigeC. rouleD. pilote4. Il a dit qu’il ne buvait plus parce que c’était ______ par le médecin.A. autoriséB. défenduC. prévuD. averti5. Ma femme est très ______ quand je prends l’avion.A. dangereuseB. peurC. inquièteD. crainte6. Maintenant on peut trouver des pommes en ______ saison.A. toutB. tousC. touteD. toutes7. Notre ami nous a réservé des chambres dans ______ hôtel.A. ceB. cetC. cetteD. ces8 ______ retard de Sophie, j’ai manqué l’avion.A. Malgré leB. Grâce auC. Parce queD. A cause du9. David ne m’a pas reconnue, il m’a ______ pour ma soeur.A. prisB. priseC. appriseD. crue10. —Les étudiants n’ont toujours pas compris le texte.—Pourtant je ______ ______ ai déjà expliqué dix fois.A. le leurB. leur l’C. lui l’D. le lui11. On ne sait pas ______ il vient, où il va, ni qui il est.A. oùB. là oùC. d’oùD. ce qu’12. Elle admire beauco up l’énergie _______ il mène toute chose.A. qu’B. avec laquelleC. en quoiD. dans laquelle13. Ayant peur ______ par le vent, nous n’avons pas pris le café sur la terrasse.A. d’être gênésB. d’embeterC. de gênerD. d’être ennuyé14. Pourvu que vous ______ bien votre travail, on vous laissera transquille.A. faitesB. ferezC. avez faitD. fassiez15. L’enfant est roi aujourd’hui, tout le monde ______.A. l’entendB. le supposeC. le constateD. le propose16. La maladie de sa mère est assez grave, dans son cas, un traitement urgent est absolement______.A. disponibleB. dispensableC. indispensableD. inévitable17. Vous m’avez posé une question ______, bien imprécise, ce n’est pas facile à répondre.A. bien claireB. très drôleC. trop généraleD. assez bête18 Il ne se passe pas une journée ______ il n’y ait d’accident de la route.A. à moins qu’B. sans qu’C. oùD. tant qu’19. Comme d’habitude, Paul est le premier ______ arriver.A. pourB. deC. enD. à20. ______ de ces voitures sont en panne?A. LesquellesB. DesquellesC. QuellesD. CellesII. Conjugaison des verbes 动词变位（5%）21. Dans le futur, on (pouvoir) ______ voyager dans l’espace.22. Sa soeur (arriver) ______ pendant qu’il pleuvait.23. Depuis qu’il (recevoir) ______ cette lettre, il était mal dans sa peau.24. Elle reste à la maison, bien qu’il (faire) ______ beau.25. Si j’étais à New York, je (apprendre) ______ l’anglais.III. Compréhension écrite 阅读理解（10%）Texte unSi j’avais la possibilité de passer plusieurs mois en France, il me sem ble que je préfèraism’installer en province. Mais si je devais rester simplement quelques jours ou quelques semaines,je choisirais Paris. Dans ce dernier cas, je viendrais à Paris, car c’est la capitale de la France, uneville célèbre entre toutes pour la b eauté de ses monuments, la richesse de ses musées, la vieculturelle en général. J’aimerais aussi beaucoup me promener dans les grandes avenues ou lesquartiers connus du monde entier: les Champs-Elysées, le boulevard Montparnasse, le quartier Latin, des nom s qui font rêver les étrangers.Pourtant, si je devais vivre en France, je choisirais la province, car je pense que la qualité de la vie doit y être meilleure. Une capitale est toujours active, donc, bruyante, et la vie quotidienney est certainement plus a gitée. Par ailleurs, il me semble qu’en province on peut mieux découvrirl’âme du pays. D’abord parce qu’on dispose sûrement de davantage de temps pour la découvrir,et ensuite parce qu’il est probablement plus facile d’entrer en contact avec les gens, sans douteplus disponibles qu’à Paris, de leur parler, de les connaître donc et à travers eux, leur pays.26. “Dans ce dernier cas, je viendrais à Paris...” “Dans ce dernier cas” veut dire ______A. “S’il doit rester longtemps en France”.B. “S’il devait rester longtemps en France”.C. “S’il doit rester peu de temps en France”.D. “S’il devait rester peu de temps en France”.27. Paris est connu surtout pour ______A. les grandes avenues.B. la qualité de la vie.C. les quartiers connus.D. la beauté de ses monuments et la richesse de ses musées.28. Pourquoi l’auteur choisirait-il la province s’il vivait en France?Parce que la vie en province est ______A. calme.B. agitée.C. bruyante.D. difficile.29. Pourquoi est-il facile d’entrer en contact avec les gens e n province? Parce que, d’après l’auteur, les gens en province ______A. sont curieux.B. sont bavards.C. ont l’habitude d’être dans la rue.D. sont aimables et serviables.30. Pourquoi peut-on mieux découvrir l’ âme du pays en province?Parce qu’en provin ce ______A. il y a beaucoup plus de choses à voir.B. on a plus de temps libre.C. il y a plus de gens dans la rue.D. les gens parlent français plus lentement. Texte deuxUn frère ou une soeur en plusEntre le plus jeune de la famille c’est une position favorable dans bien des cas, mais quand ledernier grand frère n’est pas là pour vous voler vos disques ou votre pull tout neuf, la maisonsemble parfois un peu vide. Alors on rêve d’avoir une soeur ou un frère pour le remplacer et pouranimer la famille.“Vi vre sans frontière” vous offre cette possibilité. Si vous le souhaitez et quelques que soientvos raisons, vous pourrez accueillir pendant un an un jeune étudiant étranger: ils ont en généralentre 16 et 18 ans, ils viennent de terminer leurs études secondaires dans leur pays d’origine etsuivent pendant un an les cours d’un lycée français. Ces étudiants devront être considérés parvotre famille comme un enfant en plus qui partagera la vie de tous les jours. Vous, vous découvrirez des habitudes, des façons de p enser et vous vous perfectionnerez dans la langue de votre hôte. Et peut-être, qui sait, vous ferez-vous en quelques mois un ami pour la vie?“Vivre sans frontière” est la seule association en France qui organise des échanges de longue durée entre jeunes e t familles dans quelques 65 pays du monde.31. Que signifie le titre de ce texte? Ce titre signifie que (qu’) ______A. le nombre des naissances augmente en France.B. il est possible de recevoir des étudiants étrangers.C. chaque famille doit nourrir un enfant de plus.D. dans chaque famille, il y a un garçon ou une fille.32. Combien d’enfants a la mère de famille?A. Un seul enfant.B. Un garçon et une fille.C. Deux garçons.D. Au moins deux garçons.33. Pourquoi la famille veut-elle recevoir un étudiant étranger? Parce qu’ ______A. il ne vous volera pas vos disques.B. il pourra faire le ménage.C. il pourra rendre la famille plus animée et le dernier-né moins seul.D. il y a un pull tout neuf à lui donner.34. Cette possibilité est-elle intéressante pour les jeunes étudiants étrangers? Pourquoi?A. Oui, elle leur permet d’apprendre un métier en France.B. Oui, elle leur permet d’apprendre la langue française.C. Oui, elle leur permet de suivre un an d’études dans une Université française.D. Oui, elle leur permet de rester en France.35. Que signifie “partager la vie de tous les jours”?A. Partager leurs dépenses.B. Suivre les mêmes cours.C. Vivre de la même manière.D. Vivre en commun.IV. Version 法译汉（25%）Les progrès de la médecineAvec tous les nou veaux moyens de soigner l’homme, la vie sera plus longue: de 100 à 150ans. Certains médecins pensent même qu’une future mère pourra choisirelle-même d’avoir ungarçon ou une fille. Des idées folles? Non, ce n’est pas un roman, nous n’avons rien inventé.Toutes ces choses peuvent être raisonnablement prévues d’après les progrès de la science et del’homme, cet éternel chercheur. V. Thème 汉译法（25%）1. 这些年轻人总是找一切机会来显示他们的独立和自由。

南京航空航天大学真题下载索引

钢结构理论2003 飞机性能工程2002 马克思主义哲学原理马克思主义哲学原理高分子材料2001 高分子材料2002 高分子物理2005 高等代数1999 高等代数2000 高等代数2001 高等代数2002 高等代数2003 高等代数2004 高等代数2005 高等教育管理学2004 高等教育管理学2005
学校南京航空航天大学
科目及年份 CAD和CAM技术基础2001 CAD和CAM技术基础2002 世界近现代史1999 世界近现代史2000 世界近现代史2001 中国共产党党史2002 中国美术史2004 中国美术史综合-2005 中国革命史1999 中国革命史2000 中国革命史2001 中外音乐史和曲式作品分析产品设计2004 产品设计2005 会计学2002 传热学1999 传热学2000 传热学2001 传热学2002 俄语-2005 信号与系统1999 信号与系统2000 信号与系统2001 信号与系统2002 信号系统与数字信号处理信号系统与数字信号处理信息检索-2004 信息资源管理基础信息资源管理基础发展经济学2002 发展经济学2003 国民经济管理学2004 国民经济管理学2005 土质土力学2002 基础英语2004 基础英语2005 基础英语2006 复变函数2002 大学物理1999（普通物理宏观经济学-2004 宏观经济学-2005 工业工程基础2002 工业设计史2004 工程热力学1999 工程热力学2000 工程热力学2001
工程热力学2002 工程热力学2003 工程热力学2004 工程热力学2005 工程结构设计原理工程结构设计原理2004 工程结构设计原理2005 市场营销学2002 常微分方程1999 常微分方程2000 常微分方程2002 弹性力学2002 微分几何1999 微机原理及应用1997 微机原理及应用1998 微机原理及应用1999 微机原理及应用2000 微机原理及应用2001 微机原理及应用2002 微观经济学2002 微观经济学2002答案微观经济学2003 微观经济学2003答案微观经济学2004 微观经济学2005 思想政治教育学2005 技术经济学2004 技术经济学2005 振动基础2001 振动基础2002 操作系统2001 操作系统2002 政治学2001 政治学原理2005 政治经济学2001 教育学2004 教育学2005 数字电路1999 数字电路2000 数字电路2001 数字电路2002 数学分析-1999 数据库原理及应用2004 数据库原理及应用2005 数据结构与操作系统数据结构与操作系统数据结构与操作系统

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