上海重点中学高一第二学期英语期末卷(新语法题型)

1. 语法练习：Directions:Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given in the brackets. For those blanks without given words, you are required to write down a pronoun (代词), a preposition (介词), a coordinating conjunction (连词) or a subordinating conjunction(从句引导词).(A)He was the madman who kicked a soccer shoe across a room and hit superstar David Beckham right in the face, but he’s also the caring boss who supported and defended his players in times of trouble. He’s a scary leader who is known for yelling (咆哮), but he’s also a master of patiently dealing with young players.(18) Manchester United’s manager for more than a quarter of a century, Sir Alex Ferguson had a career varied enough to lend itself to any opinion.……Perhaps David Beckham is the most famous one. (19) the former England captain still called Ferguson a “father figure”, it was a locker room (更衣室) fight (20) the two of them (21) caused Beckham’s trade to Real Madrid. After a 2-0 home defeat at the hands of rivals (对手) Arsenal in the 2003 FA Cup, Ferguson yelled and threw a shoe at Beckham’s head.“The fascination (魅力) with Ferguson was with his crude (天然的) ability (22) (meet) a target,” commented Jenkins. “He had a simple objective: to find players who coul d score goals. His keys to such success are common to all endeavors: hard work, decisiveness and a readiness to learn from mistakes.(B)ticket on my flight. In fact, I had the best seat on the entire plane: seat 1A. Before boarding, I noticed a young“Let her have your ticket.” I fought this fo r a while but eventually gave in.“Excuse me,” I said to the young lady, “but you look like you could use this first class ticket more than me.I know how hard it can be flying with kids. Why don’t we trade?”“Are you sure?” she asked.“Oh, yeah. I really don’t mind,” I saidI felt like a million bucks (美元). As we boarded the plane, I was surprised at how good it made me feel to watch her sit down in seat 1A. At one point during the flight I was so curious to see how she was doing that I walked to the first class section (区域) and peeked in (偷看)(25) the curtain. There she was, asleep with her baby in their big and comfortable seat 1A.(C)HE is the beloved Cousin Matthew, the Crawley family heir (继承人) in Downton Abbey, (26) is now being aired on CCTV. With his good manners, dreamy eyes and charming accent, he is a natural aristocrat (贵族).Despite his upper class style on the show, 30-year-old Dan Stevens spent most of his teen years rebelling (叛逆) against the upper class.(27) (adopt) at birth by two teac hers, he got into trouble at school often. “I was never very happy at school. I didn’t get on with the other kids. I didn’t fit in,” the British actor told the Daily Mail.However, Stevens’ youth was marked by both bad behavior and good performances o n exams.At the age of 13, he won a scholarship to the Tonbridge School, a well-known boarding school (寄宿学校) in the UK, (28) a lot of the students come from rich families. In his first year there, he tried out for the lead role in a production (演出) of Shakespeare’s Macbeth. The other students who tried out were mostly 17- and 18-year-olds, but he was chosen (29) his talent.(D)Some South Korean media have said that it may have been (30) purpose, showing his political preferences (偏向) – respect for the opposition (反对党) leader Kim but disrespect for the ruling party leadersLee and Park.“Gates is a casual man(31) not bound (束缚) by customs so he shakes hands in this manner even when (32) (meet) heads of international organizations or top political figures (人物),” Dong-A Ilbo quoted (援引) an unnamed friend of Gates’ in Seo ul as saying.How customs vary around the worldIt is not only in South Korea that greetings can offend (冒犯) others. A handshake can also be a faux pas (失礼) in France if a kiss on the cheek (33) (be) more appropriate (恰当的).In Japan, it is impolite not to bow lower than the other person when greeting.In the UK and the US, the “okay” sign is a positive gesture but in Greece and Turkey it is seen as very vulgar (粗俗的).city’s population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic i s a big problem here. And many people would argue that it’s not the number of cars on the road, but the _42_ of the drivers that is the main cause of concern.According to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _43_ than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _44_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights without stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _45_ drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations _46_ at making it more difficult for people to get a driver’s license, but that is only a partial solution to Shanghai’s traffic problems. What is really needed is a _47_ in drivers’ attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others. You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _48_ pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _49_ weapon. Drivers will have to realize that before Shanghai’s streets can become truly safe.Reading involves looking at illustrative symbols and expressing mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 50 over t he centuries. During the 1950’s and 1960’s especially, increased attention has been devoted to 51 the reading process. Although experts agree that reading 52 a complex organization of higher mental 53 , they disagree about the exact nature of the process. Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 54 reading as simply the decoding（解码）of symbols into the sounds they stand for.These authorities 55 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process. Others maintain that reading is inexplainably related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 56 their meaning is not truly reading. The reader, 57 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 58 reads.Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 59 . By some experts they would not be 60 as readers. Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use. By the most 61 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 62 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 63 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do so widely and enthusiastically. 64 , reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.50. A. specifically B. dramatically C. abstractly D. ridiculously51. A. understanding B. translating C. defining D. substituting52. A. involves B. concentrates C. specializes D. analyzes53. A. opinions B. effects C. manners D. functions54. A. view B. look C. reassure D. agree55. A. support B. argue C. attempt D. compete56. A. interpreting B. saying C. reciting D. reading57. A. in addition to B. for example C. according to D. such as58. A. completely B. carefully C. publically D. actually59. A. part B. whole C. standard D. straight60. A. applied B. granted C. classified D. graded61. A. instructive B. doubtful C. certain D. complicated62. A. strike B. illustrate C. define D. unlock63. A. purposes B. degrees C. stages D. steps64. A. On the other hand B. In short C. By the way D. So farWe Are Now Open Daily thru Columbus DayThe museum and store are open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.throughout the season. Trolley rides start with the first departure at 10:05 a.m. and continue until the end of the day with the last ride being at 4:15 p.m.. We areIce Cream & Sunset Trolley Ride Special ( $3.50 per person )At 7:30 p.m., every Wednesday and Thursday evening in July and August, join us for a special sunset trolley ride with ice-cream included. Bring the whole family!picnic areas to enjoy your own picnic lunch.65. From now on to Columbus Day, the museum is open _____.A. only on Sundays and SaturdaysB. on sunny daysC. every dayD. all of the above66. If a family of 4 persons — one senior, a couple and a 12-year-old boy — are taking a sunset trolley ride, howmuch is the total admission fee?A. $18.B. $25.5.C. $33.D. $39.5.67. Which one of the following is NOT included in the admission?A. Unlimited sunset trolley ride.B. Access to the Museum Grounds.C. A visit to the Museum Exhibits.D. A use of the museum picnic areas.BLighter and cheaper than high-qu ality video cameras, today’s best smartphones can shoot and edit high-definition (HD) videos. With lower-quality lenses(透镜) and image sensors, smartphones probably won’t replace professional video cameras anytime soon. Still, some creative filmmakers are extending the borders of smartphone moviemaking by shooting professional-quality films using only smartphones.Soon after Apple’s iPhone 4 was released, two filmmakers decided to make a short film using only their iPhone 4s. Michael Koerbel and Anna Elizabeth James shot and edited the one-and-a-half-minute film Apple of My Eye in only 48 hours. Audiences were fascinated with the film, in which a man and his grandfather connect emotionally while admiring a model train set in a store window. The filmmakers followed up their success with Goldilocks, an extraordinary spy novel told over nine, three-minute films.Many filmmakers are convinced that smartphone films are here to stay. One sign is their inclusion in major film festivals. In February 2012, organizers of the Berkshire International Film Festival staged the 10 X 10 On North Festival. Entries included Oliver by Hooman Khalili, an award-winning film about a girl whose special powers enable her to brighten the lives of three lonely people. Another entry was Yearlapse’11, a 365-second film by Zsolt Haraszti that describes an actual journey he made from New York to London.During the festival, which ran from February 16 to 26, these and many other smartphone films were shown at the Beacon Cinema in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Similar festivals in Canada and South Korea have given smartphone filmmakers opportunities to show off their creative work.68. What does the article imply about smartphone filmmakers?A. Their efforts have gotten little attention.B. Their biggest challenge is finding actors.C. They’ve influenced famous movie studiosD. They must overcome equipment limitations.69. What does the article point out about Haraszti’s film?A. It uses slow-motion effects.B. It took just minutes to make.C. Its cast was quite large.D. It’s based on true events.70. Which film is about secret agents?A. Apple of My Eye.B. Goldilocks.C. OliveD. Yearlapse ’11.71. According to this article, what is true about the festivals in Canada and South Korea?A. They’re held at the same time of year.B. They’re part of an emerging trend.C. They both receive government support.D. They’re still in the planning stages.CDiscoveries in science and technology are thought by “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold ( 霉) on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of tough trial and error. Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.The point is that the players who score most are the ones who take most shots at the goal—and so it goes with innovation in any field of activity. The prime difference between innovation and others is one of approach.Everybody gets ideas, but innovators work consciously on theirs, and they follow them through until they prove practicable or otherwise. What ordinary people see as fanciful abstractions, professional innovators see as solid possibilities.“Creative thinking may mean simply the realization that there’s no particular goodness in doing things the way they have always been done.” Wrote Rudolph Flesch, a language authority. Th is accounts for our reaction to seemingly simple innovations like plastic garbage bags and suitcases on wheels that make life more convenient: “How come nobody thought of that before?”The creative approach begins with the proposal that nothing be as it appears. Innovators will not accept that there is only one way to do anything. Faced with getting from A to B, the average person will automatically set out on the best-known and apparently simplest route. The innovator will search for alternate courses, which may prove easier in the long run and are sure to be more interesting and challenging even if they lead to dead ends. Highly creative individuals really do march to a different drummer.72. What does the author probably mean by “untaught mind” in th e first paragraph?A. An individual who often comes up with new ideas by accident.B. A person who has had no education.C. A citizen of a society that restricts personal creativity.D. A person ignorant of the hard work involved in experimentation.73. According to the author, what differs innovators from non-innovators?A. The way they present their findings.B. The way they deal with problems.C. The intelligence they possess.D. The variety of ideas they have.74.The phrase “march to a different drummer” (the last line of the passage) suggests that highly creativeindividuals are _____.A. unwilling to follow common ways of doing thingsB. diligent in pursuing their goalsC. concerned about the advance of societyD. devoted to the progress of science75.The most suitable title for this passage might be _____.A. The Relation Between Creation and DiligenceB. To Be a Creative Expert in the Study of Human CreativityC. What Are So Special about Creative IndividualsD. Discoveries and InnovationA. Your weight depends on your genes.B. Say “no” to junk food—no exceptions.C. Carbs are good or bad for you.D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.E. It is difficult to lose weight.F. You can control where your body loses weight.Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of “helpful” diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder!Carbohydrates are actually an important source of energy. There are good carbs and bad carbs. Refined and processed foods, like white bread or white rice, are examples of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat!On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast tend to eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know you’re going to be eating a big meal later, don’t starve yourself in order to “save your calories.” You’ll just eat more during the meal because you’re so hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days beforeBad news—if you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your abs won’t work. You can’t target where you lose weight. Cardio exercise s will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your “trouble areas”If you and your family have problems with obesity, you’re not destined to be fat. While a “fat gene” does exist, its influence on your size is actually pretty small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater impact—the rest is up to you!Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. But the more restrictive your diet is, the more likely you are to break it—and in a big way. To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but indulge in a treat or two the other 20 percent.That experiences influence future behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids situation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting(output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer common support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input-output balance.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)81. According to Para. 1, memory plays an important role in _____________________________.82. What does it seem that the author disagree to explain?83. According to the last paragraph, how do we exactly make adjustments between memory and forgetting?84. 只有当战争在1945年结束后，她才同年迈的父母取得联系。