2008年高考试题——英语(上海卷)(精品解析)
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语完形填空以及答案详细解析(19套试题)
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语完形填空详细解析目录1.2008年全国卷I解析2.2008年全国卷II解析3.2008年北京卷解析4.2008年上海卷解析5.2008年天津卷解析6.2008年重庆卷解析7.2008年安徽卷解析8.2008年福建卷解析9.2008年广东卷解析10.2008年湖北卷解析11.2008年湖南卷解析12.2008年江苏卷解析13.2008年江西卷解析14.2008年辽宁卷解析15.2008年宁夏卷解析16.2008年山东卷解析17.2008年陕西卷解析18.2008年四川卷解析19.2008年浙江卷解析1.2008年全国卷I解析第二节完形填空(共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own. All went 38 that first week. When Saturday night came, I was luckily 39 the tables not far from the kitchen. 40 , I still felt a little hard to carry the heavy trays (托盘)。
Before I knew it, the 41 was full of people. I moved slowly, 42 every step. I remember how 43 I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables, it looked different from the one I was 44 on. It had nice handles (手柄)，which made it 45 to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to 46 I was a natural at this job.Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved __47 you work. It seems your tray stand has been very 48 to you, but we are getting ready to 49 now, and my wife needs her 50 back.”At first his 51 did not get across. “What was he talking about!” Then I got it. I had set my trays on his wi fe’s orthopedic walker (助步器). I stood frozen as ice, but my face was 52 . I wanted to get into a hole and 53 .Since then, I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just 54 , I have learned to be more 55 and not to be too sure of myself.36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress【答案】D。
2008年高考英语试题及参考答案(上海卷)
中英合作采购与供应管理职业资格证书考试计划一、指导思想中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书、英国皇家采购与供应认证证书是根据中华人民共和国职业教育法、中华人民共和国劳动法和国务院关于深化教育改革全面推进素质教育的决定精神而设立的，其目的是面向未来中国经济的发展，提高我国采购与供应管理人员的业务素质、管理水平和职业能力，促进我国采购与供应专业人士参与国内、国际竞争的能力。
二、培养目标中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书、英国皇家采购与供应认证证书考试是为了培养适合我国采购与供应职业发展需要和满足不同层次需求的采购与供应专业管理人士。
其基本要求是通过有关课程的学习，培养理论知识够用、职业技能实用的采购与供应管理应用型人才。
三、证书种类1．中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书分为初级、中级和高级三种，由中交协和教育部考试中心(全国考办)共同签发。
2．英国皇家采购与供应认证证书分为“CIPS采购与供应高级国际证书”(CIPS 三级)和“CIPS采购与供应基础文凭”(ClPS四级)两种证书。
3．中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书与英国皇家采购与供应认证证书相对应。
中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书(初级)与英国皇家采购与供应CIPS三级证书考试课程相同，中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书(中级)与英国皇家采购与供应CIPS四级证书考试课程相同。
中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书(高级)课程包括中级证书的五门课程和另外2门高级证书课程。
四、课程设置与中英证书的对应关系序号课程代码课程名称学分证书等级备注中国证书英国证书1 05727 采购原理与战略 5 初级证书课程CIPS三级证书课程2 05729 国际物流 5 初级证书课程CIPS三级证书课程3 05730采购环境与供应市场分析6 初级证书课程CIPS三级证书课程4 05731采购绩效测量与商业分析6 初级证书课程CIPS三级证书课程5 05732 采购过程与合同管理6 初级证书课程CIPS三级证书课程6 03611 采购与供应谈判 5 中级证书课程CIPS四级证书课程7 03612 采购环境 5 中级证书课程CIPS四级证书课程CIPS四级证书课8 03613 采购与供应关系管理 6 中级证书课程程CIPS四级证书课9 03614 采购法务与合同管理 6 中级证书课程程CIPS四级证书课10 03615 采购绩效管理 5 中级证书课程程11 03617 采购与供应链案例 5 高级证书课程CIPS六级证书课12 03618 采购项目管理 6 高级证书课程二程选CIPS六级证书课一13 03619 运作管理 6 高级证书课程程1．通过序号为1～5门课程的考核，可获得英国采购与供应学会颁发的“CIPS采购与供应高级国际证书”(CIPS三级证书)，同时获得中交协和教育部考试中心(全国考办)共同签发的中国采购与供应管理职业资格证书（初级）。
高考英语考试题及参考答案上海卷
2008年高考英语试卷及参考答案<上海卷）第I卷 (105分>I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.b5E2RGbCAPl.A.This afternoon. B.Tomorrow. C.Nextweek. D.Next month.p1EanqFDPw2. A. She doesn't play tennis well. B. She likes other sports as well. DXDiTa9E3dC. She is an enthusiastic tennis player.D. She is a professional athlete.RTCrpUDGiT3. A. At a paint store. B. At an oil marketC. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.4.A.Workintheyard. B. Buy some wood.C. Go to the bookstore.D.Takeawalk.5. A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger.C. A car cleaner.D. A mechanic.6. A. Call a repairman. B. Get out the paper stuck5PCzVD7HxAC. Turn to her colleague for help.D. Restart the machinejLBHrnAILg7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00.xHAQX74J0XC. Parking areas are closed after 10:00.D. All classes begin at 10:00.LDAYtRyKfE8. A. The presentation will begin at noon.B. She'll present her work to the man.Zzz6ZB2LtkC. She'd like to invite the man for lunch.D. She suggests working on the presentation at 12:00.dvzfvkwMI19. A. The dormitory hours. B. The problem with the rules.rqyn14ZNXIC. The door number of the dormitory.D. The time to open the dormitory.EmxvxOtOco10. A. The chairs didn't need to be painted.B. He doesn't like the color of the chairs.SixE2yXPq5C. The park could have avoided the problem.D. The woman should have been more careful.6ewMyirQFLKeys: CCDAA BBDACSection BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.kavU42VRUsQuestions II through 13 are based on the following passage y6v3ALoS8911. A. Worried.B. Surprised. C. Satisfied. D. Uninterested.M2ub6vSTnP12. A. It spoiled Juana's reputation. B. It copied her ideas without permission. 0YujCfmUCwC. It bought Juana's dishwashers.D. It wanted to share the dishwasher market.eUts8ZQVRd13. A. A successful business case. B. Juana's waterless laundry.sQsAEJkW5TC. A case against a global company.D. The worldwide dishwasher market.GMsIasNXkAQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following instructions.TIrRGchYzg14. A. footprints.B. Food. C. Living insects.D. Orange seeds.7EqZcWLZNX15. A. Don't touch animals under anycircumstances.lzq7IGf02EB. Don't take away any natural objects from thepark.zvpgeqJ1hkC. Don't leave litter in the park or throw any off the boat.NrpoJac3v1D. Don't transport animals from one island toanother.1nowfTG4KI16. A. To protect the guide's interest. B. To improve the unique environment. fjnFLDa5ZoC. To ensure a trouble-free visit.D. To get rid of illegal behaviours.tfnNhnE6e5Keys: DBAABSection CDirections: In Section C, you will bear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in thenumbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.HbmVN777sLBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.V7l4jRB8HsComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for eachanswer.83lcPA59W9Blanks 21 through 24 arc based on the following conversation.mZkklkzaaPComplete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.AVktR43bpwKeys:17. India 18. Sweater 19.5020. Ordinary21. outstanding ORjBnOwcEd22. leave their countries 23. 17 million24. career and family2MiJTy0dTTII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.gIiSpiue7A25. The two sportsmen congratulated eachother______winning the match by shaking hands.uEh0U1YfmhA. withB.onC. inD. to【解读】此题考查短语congratulate sb. on/ upon sth./ doing sth.意思是“为某事向某人祝贺”，所以，选择介词on。
2008高三英语试题精选(上海市)[全套]
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鉴于本《试题精选》选自于不同层次的学校，各校在训练时侧重点有所不同，试题的难度也有所不同，所以在选用其中部分试题时，请务必注意以下几点：1．难易结合，选用适合贵校学生水平的试题。
2．选用“完型填空”时，注意两篇文章的难度梯度。
3．选用“阅读理解”时，请注意不同题材和体裁的文章的搭配外，还请注意选用的问题要全面覆盖四个考核目标。
以全面训练学生的阅读能力。
I. Grammar1. Mr. Ericson came in a hurry and got into his car __________ the left rear door.A. inB. intoC. withD. through2. It has been years __________ Joe left his home and now he is back again, too excited.A. thatB. whenC. sinceD. before3. Only by crashing against seashores, __________ sand away from some beaches and pile it up on other beaches.A. do the waves takeB. the waves takeC. take the wavesD. takes the waves4. ___________ they developed many of the plants including types of corn, potatoes, tomatoes, squash, beans, and peppers we eat today?A. When do you supposeB. What time do you suppose thatC. Do you suppose whenD. What time that you suppose5. __________ the Customs Office, he will have to declare this sort of things he carries with him to the customs officer.A. No matter who will come throughB. Who comes throughC. No matter whom comes throughD. Whoever comes through6. This time next week, we ___________ astronauts from the Challenger trying todeal with the mechanical problems.A. will seeB. will have seenC. will be seeingD. shall see7. To get a well-paid job, _________.A.it is absolutely necessary for one to have a good educationB. one will surely have to have a good educationC. having a good education is something we will surely do.D. a good education is surely something we can’t do without.8. Hey, Lee. I ___________ you never took interest in anything like this. What a surprise!A. don’t thinkB. didn’t thinkC. thinkD. thought9. Mixed doubles competitions, __________ a team consists of one male playerand one female player, are typically held only at the four grand slam events.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. /10. ________ was what he had never expected and was just too upsetting to him.A. Cheated again and againB. Having been cheated again andagainC. Having cheated againD. Being cheating again and again11. George had thought of paying a visit to the zoo with his children last Sunday,but he just ________ he would have so little time to spare.A. hadn't knownB. wouldn't knowC. knewD. didn’t know12. The new engine ____________ right now will be used to be fixed in the new type of airplane soon.A. to be experimented onB. being experimented onC. having been experimented onD. experimented on13. This is something really invisible, ____________?A. is itB. is thisC. isn’t itD. isn’t this14. As to the question of whether we will sell our house or who we shall sell thehouse to, you __________ have an answer by tomorrow.A. willB. shallC. couldD. must15. She said she would live in London for ______ 4 or 5 years.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. the others16. Mother promised she ______ buy me an English-Chinese dictionary.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldD. ought to17. The balloon Li Ming’s father has just bought him is ______ mine.A. as three times big asB. three times the size ofC. three times big asD. as three times the size of18. She seldom watches TV during the weekdays, ______?A. does sheB. doesn’t sheC. does heD. doesn’t he19. ______, I am sure that he is honest.A. No matter people sayB. What people sayC. Whatever people sayD. It doesn’t matter people say20. It’s almost three years ______ I last saw her.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. after21. I would appreciate ______ back this afternoon.A. you to callB. you callC. your callingD. you’re calling22. I haven’t got a chair ______. Will you make room for me?A. to sitB. to sit inC. for sittingD. sitting on23. He was sitting there, ______ in deep thought.A. loseB. lostC. being lostD. losing24. The job proved to be much more difficult than I ______.A. expectB. expectedC. would expectD. had expected25. Little ______ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he caredB. did he careC. has he caredD. he would care26. The food ______ we eat seems to have a great effect on our health.A. \B. whoseC. whatD. when27. John has ________ friends that sometimes he feels lonely.A. so a fewB. very fewC. such fewD. so few28. Chinese eat ________ eggs per person today as they did in the 1960s.A. more than twiceB. as twice as manyC. twice as many asD. more than twice as many29. We were very satisfied ________ the amount of money that we had raised.A. atB. withC. inD. of30. My uncle isn’t accustomed to ________ in the countryside.A. liveB. livesC. livingD. lived31. We should do what we can ________ the disabled.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped32. We ________ for Mary because she never came.A. needn’t waitB. shouldn’t have waitedC. mustn’t waitD. mustn’t have waited33. ________ only in 2002, the building is strong enough to face typhoon Kanu.A. BuiltB. BuildC. To buildD. Having built34. He opened the door, ________ on the light and went straight to the sofa.A. switchB. switchingC. to switchD. switched35. It is commonly considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whicheverC. whateverD. whenever36. ________, China is an ancient country with a history of more than 5000years. Which of the following is incorrect?A. As we all knowB. It is known to allC. As is known to allD. As everyone knows37. ________ yesterday ________ he realized how serious the problem was.A. It was not until … whenB. It was not until … thatC. Not until … didD. Not until … that38. My friend always keeps such books _______ they turn into little heaps of dust on his shelves.A. asB. untilC. whenD. if39. The city at one time must have been a cultural centre, _______ it enjoyed a high level of civilization .A. forB. whenC. whereD. though40. John was a little annoying, and he _______ choose the day I had friends coming, to start painting the bathroom.A. mightB. shouldC. mustD. could41. _______ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell mostly devoted his life to helping the deaf.A. He is rememberedB. To rememberC. While rememberingD. Though remembered42. His explanation was so clear that everyone could understand it with ________.A. possibly the least effortB. the least effort possiblyC. the possible least effortD. the least possible effort43. It _______ to scientists of our time to develop powerful killers of SABS virus.A. has leftB. is leavingC. is leftD. had been left44. The reduced cost _______ worldwide use of the medicine in treating the infectious disease.A. made it possibleB. made possibleC. possibly madeD. possibly made it45. I didn't expect them _______ for me when I arrived there.A. to waitB. to be waitingC. were waitingD. to have waited46. _______ above average height, he had broad shoulders and a deep chest.A. ManB. A manC. To be a manD. Being the man47. As the red roofs of cottages came _______ view, we knew we were not far from our destination.A. forB. toC. withinD. into48. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to49. E-mail, as well as telephones, ___ an important part in our dailycommunication.A. have playedB. are playingC. have been playingD. is playing50. My new computer works ___ the one I bought three years ago.A. ten times as fast asB. ten times fasterC. ten times more thanD. as ten times as51. Here are two tickets for the concert. You may invite ___ takes an interest in itto go with you.A. whoeverB. no matter whoC. anyoneD. whom52. Has anyone known the reason ___ may explain Mr. Smith’s absence?A. whyB. for whichC. thatD. it53. ___ not quite clear to some of us.A. What is pollutionB. What is pollution isC. What pollution isD. What pollution it is54. Not having worked out the problem, ___ leave the office.A. so he was not allowed toB. and he didn’t want toC. the teacher couldn’t make himD. he couldn’t free himself to55. –Would you like to go to the concert with me, Mary?-- I have got no interest in it; ____, I have lots of work to do.A. otherwiseB. besidesC. howeverD. therefore56. Jane, ______ husband was not rich at all, could not buy the jewel for her.A. who’sB. whichC. whoseD. her57. China is larger than ____ country in Africa.A. any otherB. anyC. otherD. the other58. Americans eat ___ as they actually need every day.A. twice protein as muchB. protein as much twiceC. protein as twice muchD. twice as much protein59. ___ at the door before entering please.A. KnockB. To knockC. knockingD. Knocked60．Rose found her toy bear _______ under the chair.A. hidingB. to hideC. having hiddenD. hidden61. ________ you go on trying, you will succeed some day.A. As soon asB. As far asC. As long asD. As well as62. E-mail, as well as telephones, _____ an important part in our daily life.A. have playedB. are playingC. is playingD. play63. ---I can’t find my dictionary.---You ____ it in the classroom.A. must leaveB. must forgetC. must have forgottenD. must have left64. Is it a wonder that _____ little cells can store _____ much energy?A. so; soB. so; suchC. such; suchD. such; so65. --- ____________ be in the library this afternoon?--- No. Very likely I’ll be at home all day.A. Do you likely toB. Will you likely toC. Are you likely toD. Do you like to66. Isn’t _____ rude _____ him to talk to his mother like that?A. that; forB. that; ofC. it; forD. it; of67. So ___ that no fish can live in it.A. the lake is shallowB. shallow the lake isC. shallow is the lakeD. is the lake shallow66.The young boy, though big enough, ___ not have been allowed to enter the car race, but he did.A. couldB. mustC. wouldD. should67. His family ___ a happy one and the whole family ___ sports lovers.A. is, areB. are, areC. are, isD. is, is68. I simply follow the timetable. ___ the timetable will be rescheduled is none of my business.A. WhatB. WhoC. IfD. Whether69. Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths, ___ , it is our duty to master it.A. altogetherB. thereforeC. otherwiseD. however70. I am at least ___ age ___ Robert if I am not older than he.A. the same, asB. the same, withC. as same, asD. as same,with71. It is ____ for a boy of five to lift this heavy box.A. much tooB. too muchC. so muchD. very much72. ____ but fools will believe what he said.A. NoneB. NothingC. AnythingD. Everything73. He stood on one leg, ___ against the wall, while he took off his shoe.A. leanedB. leaningC. being leanedD. to leanII. Vocabulary1. How much does personality change in adulthood? Are declines in intellectualfunctioning typical or __________ with aging?A. impossibleB. reliableC. believableD. inevitable2. Isn’t it a good idea for us to __________ some money each month to purchase a car like that?A. A. kept upB. set asideC. laid upD. make up3. What is music? Some people define it as an artful __________ of sounds across time.A. engagementB. appointmentC. arrangementD. enlargement4. The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US economy in a difficult ______.A. occasionB. caseC. backgroundD. situation5. Mother made a cake ______ for me.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. particularlyD. essentially6. He said that doing part-time jobs did no good to students, but few ______ hisview.A. agreedB. permittedC. sharedD. nodded7. Medical fees are so high that many people can’t ________ a serious illness inthat area.A. offerB. affordC. payD. affect8. Our city has recently started a traffic safety ________.A. legendB. souvenirC. sacrificeD. campaign9. It is believed that reserves of petrol in Iraq are ________ to last for fifty years.A. sufficientB. efficientC. persistentD. effective10. Appreciation of a piece of art work _______ studies of the art, the artists, and the periods they live in.A. consistsB. composesC. containsD. involves11. Today's supermarket is so big and crowded that each _______ takes anything up to threeA. tripB. travelC. returnD. routine12. Another company tried to gain ________ to the plans of our new model by bribing one of our employees.A. accessB. approachC. informationD. knowledge13. Although much is done to supply enough for everyone, _______ of food will long be a world problem.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. decline14. Archaeologists _______ the walls of the old city at a depth of several metres below the surface.A. determinedB. locatedC. provedD. defined15. A large ___ of money is spent on import every year.A. accountB. amountC. numberD. quality16. The excessive use of natural ____ has threatened our existence.A. sourceB. resourceC. thingsD. materials17. Many shops and restaurants offer ___ prices every day to promote business.A. clearB. regularC. particularD. special18. The doorway is low, so ___ your head when you go in.A. attendB. mindC. protectD. guard19. Shanghai ___ the 2010 World Expo for all sorts of reasons, for Shanghai people and its government are fantastic.A. deservesB. rewardsC. recognizesD. awards20. There is no ___ that a lot of damage has been done by the typhoon sweeping across the city.A. ideaB. doubtC. hopeD. uncertainty21. I was leaving for home, but on second ___, I decided to go on working until I finished all the typing.A. opinionsB. thinkingC. thoughtsD. ideas22. Don't always find ___ with others. Otherwise, you'll make no Mends.A. faultB. mistakeC. crimeD. guiltIII. ClozeAIf you wear socks on your ears, you won’t be punished. Crossing a street against a red light is another matter—it’s against the law. Laws are __45__ rules made by governments. They keep peace and create order. __46__ people break laws, their governments punish them. Long ago, people lived only in small tribal groups. They lived together, followed the same __47__, and worshipped the same gods. There were no formal laws. __48__, people were guided by their customs, morals, and religion.Over time, cities began to form. Laws became more formal and were written down in legal codes. In about 1750 BC, the king of Babylon __49__ one of the first legal codes, the Code of Hammurabi. It listed certain crimes and told how they should be punished. The ancient Romans helped shape our modern view of law. In the 600s BC, citizens of Rome wrote down all of their basic laws on twelve bronze tablets. The Romans declared that no citizen, __50__ the ruler, was above the law. Modern law codes are rooted in the Roman system. Such law codes are statutory, meaning they are created and changed by legislatures, not by courts. Another system of law __51__ later in England. Before the 12th century AD., each part of England had its own rules and customs. From the 12th century onward, England became a single nation. The courts of the land made sure people __52__ a common set of customs—the English common law.Unlike the Roman system of law, the common law was never written down in one place. Instead, the courts made decisions about the law __53__ earlier court decisions. Those decisions are called examples. Each case must be decided in the same way as earlier cases. But if a case has some new aspects, the decision made will set a new example. That way, courts gradually change the law __54__ society changes.45. A. police B. political C. official D. officer46. A. Unless B. Until C. Though D. When47. A. laws B. traditions C. action D. principles48. A. Instead B. Including C. Besides D. Moreover49. A. imagined B. assumed C. created D. supposed50. A. except for B. not even C. in addition to D. besides51. A. took effect B. made up C. got over D. picked up52. A. formed B. provided C. presented D. followed53. A. set about B. based on C. came to D. taken over54. A. before B. after C. despite D. asBDance can be art, ritual, or recreation. It goes __55__ the functional purposes of the movements used in work or athletics in order to express emotions, moods, or ideas; tell a story; __56__ religious, political, economic, or social needs; or simply be an __57__ that is pleasurable, exciting, or aesthetically (审美的) valuable. Besides giving __58__ pleasure, dancing can have psychological effects. Feelings and ideas can be expressed and communicated; __59__ rhythms and movements can make a group feel unified. In some societies, dancing often __60__ trance (心醉神迷的状态)or other changed states of consciousness. These states can be __61__ as signaling possession by spirits, or they may be sought as a means to emotional __62__. A state of trance may enable people to perform remarkable feats of strength, endurance, or __63__, such as dancing through hot coals. In some societies shamans (道士) dance in trance in order to heal others physically or emotionally. The modern field of dance __64__ developed as a means to help people express themselves and relate to others.55. A. behind B. after C. beyond D. forward56. A. do B. have C. perform D. serve57. A. experience B. emotion C. feeling D. experimen58. A. mental B. physical C. emotional D. spiritual59. A. hearing B. practicing C. sharing D. enjoying60. A. refers to B. leads to C. turns up D. makes up61. A. interpreted B. interrupted C. preferred D. stressed62. A. pressure B. strain C. recognition D. release63. A. danger B. pleasure C. delight D. sadness64. A. medicine B. operation C. therapy D. cureCEducation is 55 , compared with schooling. Education knows no edges. It can take place 56 , whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the 57 learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of learning out of class. 58 the experience of schooling can be known in advance, education quite often produces surprises. A chance talk with a 59 may lead to a person to discover how 60 he knows of another country. People obtain education from babies on. Education, _61 , is a very broad and unlimited term. It is lifelong experience that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one's entire life. Schooling, on the other hand, is a basic experience, whose style changes 62 from one wayto the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at the same time, take 63 seats, use similar textbooks, do homework, and take exams, and so on. Schooling has usually been 64 by the edges of the subjects being taught.55. A. unexpected B. endless C. countless D. simple56. A. anywhere B. anywhere else C. somewhere D. somewhere else57. A. part-time B. public C. standard D. strict58. A. If B. Because C. So D. Though59. A. neighbor B. friend C. foreigner D. teacher60. A. wonderfully B. well C. greatly D. little61. A. still B. next C. then D. yet62. A. unusually B. little C. differently D. frequently63. A. large B. new C. fixed D. small64. A. changed B. limited C. chosen D. controlledDSo far in the learning of English in China, much progress has been made in teaching and studying the spoken language. Much, but not enough. These days we do open our 45 and speak-inside the classroom. In class, students hold discussions 46 English on history, on American society, on English literature. Then the bell rings, English stops and Chinese47 . That’s no good. How many48 hours does a student have a week in which he has a chance to speak English? And how many students are there in a class? And then there’s the teacher, and some of our teachers talk too much. 49 you divide up the time between all those people, each student gets only a few minutes a week. Native speakers take 50 to learn to speak their own language. How can we learn to speak a foreign language by speaking it only a few 51 a week? We must 52 English in the classroom and out of the classroom. We should live our lives as 53 as possible in English. As our English inside the classroom 54 , so will our English outside the classroom, in daily life.45. A. mouths B. books C. minds D. doors46. A. on B. in C. with D. of47. A. take place B. rises C. stops too D. starts48. A. English B. discussion C. class D. speaking49. A. Therefore B. If C. So D. Unless50. A. months B. years C. hours D. days51. A. times B. days C. minutes D. hours52. A. use B. create C. change D. listen53. A. far B. well C. nice D. good54. A. speaks B. improves C. takes place D. happensEA bar manager was so sure that he himself was the strongest man around 55he offered a standing $ 1000 bet that no one could beat him.The 56 was that the landlord would squeeze a lemon until all the 57 ran out into a beer glass, then hand the lemon to the customer. Anyone who could squeeze even one more 58 out of the lemon would win the money.0ver the years many people had tried this, truck drivers, weightlifters, karate masters, and 59 had failed. Then one day a geeky little fella with heavy black rimmed glasses came into the bar and asked if he 60 try the challenge.After the laughter had quieted down the landlord said that it was only 61 that the man be given a chance at the bet, so he picked up a lemon and started squeezing. 62 he had done he handed the 63 to the little man who promptly squeezed out 4 more drops of juice onto the bar!Everyone looked on in amazement as the landlord handed over the prize and asked "What do you do 64 a living that has given you such strength? Are you a lumberjack, weightlifter?" "No." the man replied, "I work for the IRS."55. A. that B. there C. therefore D. since56. A. fact B. trap C. challenge D. match57. A. flesh B. juice C. seeds D. peel58. A. water B. lemon C. beer glass D. drop59. A. none B. neither C. either D. all60. A. / B. could C. had to D. ought to61. A. then B. likely C. fair D. chance62. A. Once B. Right C. Immediately D. m case63. A. container B. money C. remains D. other64. A. with B. for C. on D. in(F)The American cowboy was a great national hero through facts and stories. In history, the real cowboy was a simple farm worker on horseback. He spent twelve to fourteen hours a day outdoors 45 with cows. The work was dirty, tiring and not very well paid. In winter, most cowboys had to find other jobs. They were seldom 46 . Most of them worked in 47 of eight to ten.People had to raise beef cattle at low cost in the western states and send them 48 to the eastern markets. But someone had to look after the cattle in the open land and get them to the nearest railroad. This was the 49 of a cowboy. Sometimes the railroad was more than a thousand kilometers away and it could 50 as long as six months to move the cattle. The cowboys moved the cattle slowly so that the cattle would not 51 . Most cowboys were young, unmarried men. A good cowboy understood cows and knew how to control them. At night, he sang to the cows to keep them 52 .The cowboy quickly received popular praise. Historians say that this was because the cowboy 53 during a time of chance in American life. In the late 1800s American was changing from a nation of farms to one of factories and cities. The cowboy 54 free and more independent than other Americans.45. A. playing B. riding C. practicing D. working46. A. gathered B. relaxed C. worried D. alone47. A. pairs B. teams C. terms D. form48. A. by sea B. by plane C. by train D. by bus49. A. pleasure B. job C. interest D. life50. A. cost B. take C. use D. spend51. A. fall ill B. get angry C. run away D. lose weight52. A. active B. awake C. cheerful D. calm53. A. rose B. occurred C. appeared D. happened54. A. showed B. proved C. claimed D. seemedGFresh tracks in the snow pass within 100 feet of my tent. Nearby another set of tracks 55 of a smaller animal moving in the same direction. All day my Chinese assistant and I trace(追踪) their 56 .Then, on a late winter afternoon , we 57 a small black-and-white creature almost invisible on the branches of a tree. Below sits a much bigger animal. Finally, after two months in the Wolong Natural Reserve in the mountains of China’s Sichuan Province, I have seen my first giant panda in the 58 .Chinese experts 59 that the 60 panda population today may be about 1000. More than 100 starved 61 death in the mid-1970, when one of the species of bamboo 62 which they feed bloomed and died in a large section of their habitat (栖息地). Worried about the decline（下降）of the panda, the Chinese, who count in a national 63 , invited the World Wildlife Fund, whose 64 is the panda, to join in a research and conservation program to study this rare, shy animal.55. A. warns B. makes C. tells D. talks56. A. home B. path C. route D. range57. A. spy B. detective C. trap D. rescue58. A. world B. country C. tree D. wild59. A. propose B. imagine C. boast D. estimate60. A. total B. general C. complete D. full61. A. from B. for C. upon D. to62. A. on B. with C. of D. under63. A. value B. treasure C. property D. flavor64. A. sign B. sponsor C. signal D. symbolIV. Reading comprehension(1)complete the relevant choices below:If you are interested in the above positions, please send your resume to:E-mail: axalto_hr_china@axalto/comPlease indicate the position you are applying for..65. If you want to apply for the position of software engineer, you will have more chance if_________.A. You have reached proficiency level in English communicationB. You have got a bachelor's Degree in software Engineering.C. You have graduated from college with a Master's Degree in Computer scienceD. You have a good knowledge of Smart Card or GSM66. _______ is a must for those applying for the position of software engineer.A. Fluency in English and being able to talk with people from different countriesB. A doctor's degree in InformaticsC. A Master" Degree in Computer ScienceD. Being able to live comfortably without trouble.(2)DNA is a substance that makes up genes. Everything alive has genes. Plants have genes. Animals have genes. You have genes. Genes are the basic units of heredity. Heredity means all the characteristics you inherit from your parents.。
2008年上海高考英语试题（纯word版）
2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 ( ( (上海卷上海卷上海卷) )英 语语本试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷两部分。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
分钟。
考生注意：1.答第I 卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、交验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和交验码。
铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和交验码。
2. 第I 卷（1-16小题和25-84小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷一律不给分。
第I 卷中的第17-24小题和第II 卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上一律不给分。
分。
I. listening comprehension Part A: Short Conversation Directions: Directions: In In In Part Part Part A, A, A, you you you will will will hear hear hear ten ten ten short short short conversations conversations conversations between between between two two two speakers. speakers. speakers. At At At the the the end end end of of of each each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Coke. B. Coffee. C. Tea. D. Water. 2. A. At a restaurant. 2. A. At a restaurant. B. At a studio. B. At a studio. C. At a concert. D. At a theatre. 3. A. Relieved. B. Worried. C. Confused. D. Depressed. 4. A. The Browns. B. The Browns ’ son. C. The postman. D. The neighbour. 5. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10. 6. A. The ring is not hers. B. She doesn ’t have gold rings. C. She prefers gold to silver. D. She lost her silver ring. 7. A. The screen doesn ’t have to be cleaned. B. The keyboard also needs cleaning. C. The man shouldn ’t do the cleaning. D. There ’s not enough time to clean both. 8. A. The driver will stop the bus immediately. B. The guy by the door will help the woman. C. The woman should check the map. D. He will tell the woman when to get off. 9. A. She dislikes fireworks. B. She has plans for the evening. C. She doesn’t feel like going out. D. She has to get theatre tickets. 10. A. They can ’t see the stars clearly. B. They ’re not in the city tonight. C. They ’re looking at the stars from the city. D. They ’re talking about movie stars. Part B Passages Directions: In part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. passages. The The The passages passages passages will will will be be be read read read twice, twice, twice, but but but the the the questions questions questions will will will be be be spoken spoken spoken only only only once. once. once. When When When you you you hear hear hear a a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It can make her famous. B. It is easy and rewarding. C. It is dangerous but exciting. D. It has its moving moment. 12. A. Somebody was killed. B. Nobody was injured. C. Karen was physically hurt. D. Many buildings exploded. 13. A. A fierce war. B. A serious injury. C. A terrible explosion. D. A brave journalist. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report. 14. A. Internet use is increasing quickly in rural and urban areas. B. More and more rural residents have Internet access. C. People have a limited choice on Internet providers. D. City residents use the Internet frequently. 15. A. Over 2 million. 15. A. Over 2 million. B. Around 6 million. B. Around 6 million. C. 23 million. D. 17 million. 16. A. More girls have their own websites than boys. B. 1 in 4 kids have Internet access from home. C. Most kids think they get too little time online at school. D. Internet connection at home is quicker than that at school. Part C Longer Conversations Directions: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in me numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. B1anks l 7 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Garden Restaurant Reservation Form Name: Jessica 17 Time: 9:00 p.m. 18 Number of people: Six. Phone Number: ___19_____ Special Request: ____20____ dishes. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. What is Harrods, the biggest department store in the UK. Famous for? Its 21 and Egyptian Hall. How do people feel when they are in the Egyptian Hall? They feel they are 22 . How does Harrods get most of its power? By producing 23 itself. How is the business during the January sales? How is the business during the January sales? There is an increase in There is an increase in 24 .. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. WORDS for each answer. Ⅱ. Grammar and V ocabulary Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ________ size and shape. A. on B. from C. by D. in 26. The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to ______ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. A. both B. others C. anyone D. another 27. Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully 28. --- Did you tidy your room? --- No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors. A. had B. have C. have had D. will have 29. --- Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. --- Great! You ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it. A. must B. should C. must have D. should have 30. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years. A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered 31. --- How was the televised debate last night? --- Super! Rarely ______ so much media attention. A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate 32. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was! A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene 33. Pop music is such an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language. A. as B. that C. which D. where 34. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother ’s voice ______ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call 35. There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. A. being persuaded A. being persuaded persuading persuading C. to be persuaded C. to be persuaded D. to persuade D. to persuade 36. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed 37. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it 38. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully. A. though B. before C. until D. if 39. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where 40. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is ―programmed programmedǁǁ to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that 41. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years. A. spared B. protected C. preserved D. developed 42. Since Tom ______ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now. A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly 43. My morning ______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine 44. John was dismissed last week because of his ______ attitude towards his job. A. informal B. casual C. determined D. earnest III. Cloze Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (A) Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo (单独的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them 45 . They were also constant communication with people on the earth. 46 , being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone. This is what happens on long submarine (潜水艇潜水艇) voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problem of adjustment under such conditions? Scientists Scientists have have have studied studied studied the the the reactions reactions reactions of of of men men men to to to one one one another another another during during during long long long submarine submarine submarine voyages. voyages. voyages. They They They have have found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of 48 is. When men are 49 together for for a a a long long long period, period, period, they they they begin begin begin to to to feel feel feel uneasy. uneasy. uneasy. Everyone Everyone Everyone has has has little little little habits habits habits of of of speaking speaking speaking and and and behaving behaving behaving that that that are are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 . Apparently, although no one wants to be 51 all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called a stress situation. That means that they are under an unusual amount of 52 or stress. People who are well-adjusted are able to 53 stress situations better than others. That is one reason why so much care is taken in 54 our astronauts. These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior under stress. 45. A. tired B. asleep C. conscious D. busy 46. A. So far B. After all C. However D. Therefore 47. A. long B. fast C. dangerous D. direct 48. A. fuel B. entertainment C. adjustment D. health 49. A. shut up B. held up C. brought up D. picked up 50. A. pleasing B. annoying C. common D. valuable 51. A. noisy B. alone C. personal D. sociable 52. A. emphasis B. conflict C. power D. pressure 53. A. handle B. create C. affect D. investigate 54. A. becoming B. choosing C. ordering D. promoting (B) One topic is rarely mentioned in all the talk of improving standards in our schools: the almost complete failure of foreign-language teaching. As a French graduate who has taught for more than twenty-five years, I believe believe I I I have have have some some some idea idea idea of of of why why why the the the failure failure failure is is is so so so total. total. 55 the the faults faults faults already already already found found found out out out in in in the the the education education system system as as as a a a whole whole — such such as as as child-centred child-centred child-centred learning, learning, learning, the the the ――discovery discoveryǁǁ method, method, and and and the the the low low low expectations expectations expectations by by teachers of pupils — there have been several serious 56 which have a direct effect on language teaching. The first is the removal from the curriculum (课程课程) of the thorough teaching of English 57 . Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun, the subject of a sentence from its object, or the difference between the past, present, or future. Another important error is mixed-ability teaching, or teaching in ability groups so 58 that the most able groups groups are are 59 and and are are are bored bored bored while while while the the the least least least able able able are are are lost lost lost and and 60 bored. bored. Strangely Strangely Strangely enough, enough, enough, few few few head head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams. Progress depends on memory, and pupils start to forget immediately they stop having 61 lessons. This is why many people who attended French lessons at school, even those who got good grades, have forgotten it a few years later. 62 they never need it, they do not practice it. Most American schools have accepted what is inevitable and 63 modern languages, even Spanish, from the curriculum. Perhaps it is time for Britain to do the same, and stop 64 resources on a subject which few pupils want or need. 55. A. Due to B. In addition to C. Instead of D. In spite of 56. A. errors B. situations C. systems D. methods 57. A. vocabulary B. culture C. grammar D. literature 58. A. wide B. similar C. separate D. unique 59. A. kept out B. turned down C. held back D. left behind 60. A. surprisingly B. individually C. equally D. hardly 61. A. extra B. traditional C. basic D. regular 62. A. Although B. Because C. Until D. Unless 63. A. restored B. absorbed C. prohibited D. withdrawn 64. A. wasting B. focusing C. exploiting D. sharing IV IV. Reading Comprehension . Reading Comprehension Directions ：Read Read the the the following following following four four four passages. passages. passages. Each Each Each passage passage passage is is is followed followed followed by by by several several several questions questions questions or or or unfinished unfinished statements. statements. For For For each each each of of of them them them mere mere mere are are are four four four choices choices choices marked marked marked A, A, A, B, B, B, C C C and and and D. D. D. Choose Choose Choose the the the one one one mat mat mat fits fits fits best best according to me information given in me passage you have just read. (A) What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about an ice-cream taster? Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrison, an ―Official Taste Tester Taste Testerǁǁ for the past 21 years. Testing helps manufacturers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream — as well as for developing over 75 flavors (味道味道). Some people think that it would be easy to do this job, after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? No — there there’’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this ―cool coolǁǁ field. In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and assesses 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12℉. Harrison explains, ―You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.ǁWhile the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. ―Tasting begins with the eyes,ǁ he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, ―Does the product have the color expected from that flavor?ǁ Next it ’s time to taste! Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy —working at one cool job. 65. What is John Harrison’s job? A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster. C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream manufacturer. 66. According to John Harrison, to be qualified in the ―cool fieldǁ, it is helpful to ______. A. keep a diary of work B. have a degree in related subjects C. have new ideas every day D. find out new flavors each day 67. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream? A. He stirs the ice cream. B. He examines the color of the ice cream. C. He tastes the flavor of the ice cream. D. He lets the ice cream warm up. 68. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? A. Tasting with Eyes B. Flavors of Ice Cream C. John Harrison’s Life D. One Cool Job (B) (You may read the questions first,) SCREENGRABS BBC1 PLANET EARTH 9AM Fresh Fresh Water Water provides provides an an an expensive expensive expensive subject subject subject for for for the the third programme in the BBCBBC’’s fascinating new natural-history series. Broadly, we investigate the worldworld’’s lakes and rivers and the creatures which inhabit inhabit them. them. them. Thus Thus Thus we we we visit visit visit the the the deepest deepest deepest lake lake lake on on on the the planet, Lake Baikal in Siberia. W e observe large colonies of Indian smooth-coated otters (above) looking around. A magical series which give us a real sense of context in relation to the planet we inhabit. BBC2 FAMILFAMILY GUY Y GUY 11.45PM Road Road to to to Europe. Europe. Europe. Without Without Without proper proper proper identification, identification, identification, Brain Brain ITV1 THA CHRISTIEAGA THA CHRISTIE’’S POIROT 9 PM Cards Cards on on on the the the Table. Table. Table. TonightTonightTonight’’s s mystery mystery mystery concerns concerns the death of one of the richest and most mysterious men, men, Mr Mr Mr Shaitana(Alexander Shaitana(Alexander Shaitana(Alexander Siddig Siddig Siddig ) ) ) who who who has has has a a fascination with crime. Shaitana hosts dinner and a game game of of of bridge bridge bridge in in in his his his apartment, apartment, apartment, but but but when when when the the time comes the first guests to take their leave, they discover discover that that that their their their host host host has has has been been been stabbed stabbed stabbed through through his heart. Channel 4 THE GAMES: LIVE 9 PM and Stewie stow away on a plane they think is leaving for England. They ’re wrong, and soon they ’re in Saudi Arabia (Brain: ―Oh my God, we are finished. We are lost in the desert.ǁ) at a beginning of a long trip home. For For the the the first first first time time time on on on Games, Games, Games, the the the men men men fight fight fight in in in a a Kendo Kendo Tournament, Tournament, Tournament, using using using 1.2m 1.2m 1.2m shinai shinai shinai (Bamboo (Bamboo swords). The woman compete in the cycling, racing racing wheel-to wheel-to wheel-to wheel wheel wheel on on on competition competition competition bikes bikes bikes with with no brakes. Plus other news the English Institute of sports in Sheffield. 69. The F resh Fresh Water series at 9 PM ________. at 9 PM ________. A. explores the lakes, rivers and the creatures in them B. is devoted to the freshwater creatures in the world C. explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earth D. focuses on the deepest river on the planet 70. The phrase ―stow away ǁ most probably means ―__________________ǁǁ. A. hide secretly B. talk excitedly C. operate easily D. guide successfully 71. A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christie ’s novel will be shown on ______. A. BBC1 B. BBC2 C. ITV1 D. Channel 4 (C) Mail carriers will be delivering some good news and some bad news this week. The The bad bad bad news: news: news: Stamp Stamp Stamp prices prices prices are are are expected expected expected to to to rise rise rise 2 2 2 cents cents cents in in in May May May to to to 41 41 41 cents, cents, cents, the the the Postal Postal Postal Regulatory Regulatory Commission announced yesterday. The good news: With the introduction of a ―forever stamp,ǁ it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or-3-cent stamps to make up postage differences. Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, ―forever stamps ǁ will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up. The The new new new ――forever forever stamp stamp stampǁǁ is is the the the United United United States States States Postal Postal Postal Service Service Service’’s s (USPS) (USPS) (USPS) answer answer answer to to to the the the complaints complaints complaints about about frequent frequent rate rate rate increases. increases. increases. The The The May May May increases increases increases will will will be be be the the the fifth fifth fifth in in in a a a decade. decade. decade. Postal Postal Postal rates rates rates have have have risen risen risen because because because of of inflation (通货膨胀通货膨胀), competition from online bill paying, and the rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare, says Mark Saunders, a spokesman for USPS. The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the ―forever stamp ǁ and the savings from not printing as as many many many 2-or-3-cent 2-or-3-cent 2-or-3-cent stamps. stamps. stamps. ――It It’’s s not not not your your your grandfather grandfather grandfather’’s s stamp,stamp,stamp,ǁǁ says says Mr. Mr. Mr. Saunders. Saunders. Saunders. ――It It could could could be be be your your great-grandchildren great-grandchildren’’s stamp.ǁ Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps. Don Schilling, who has collected stamps for 50 years, says he ’s interested in the public ’s reaction. ―This is an entirely new class of stamps.ǁ Mr. Schilling says. He adds that he ’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich — the volume printed will be too large for collectors. ―We won ’t be able to send our kids to college on these,ǁ he says, laughing. The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulatory Commission ’s decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps. 72. The main purpose of introducing a ―forever stamp ǁ is ______. A. to reduce the cost of printing 2-or-3-cent stamps B. to help save the consumers’ cost on first-class mailing C. to respond to the complaints about rising postal rates D. to compete with online bill paying 73. 73. By By By saying saying saying ――It It could could could be be be your your your great-grandchildren great-grandchildren great-grandchildren’’s s stamp stamp stampǁǁ, , Mr. Mr. Mr. Saunders Saunders Saunders means means means that that that forever forever forever stamps stamps ________. A. could be collected by one’s great-grandchildren B. might be very precious in great-grandchildren’s hands C. might have been inherited from one’s great-grandfathers D. could be used by one’s great-grandchildren even decades later 74. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The investment in forever stamps will bring adequate reward. B. America will be the first country to issue forever stamps. C. The design of the ―forever stamp ǁ remains to be revealed. D. 2-or-3-cent stamps will no longer be printed in the future. 75. What can be concluded from the passage? A. With forever stamps, there will be no need to worry about rate changes. B. Postal workers will benefit most from the sales of forever stamps. C. The inflation has become a threat to the sales of first-class stamps. D. New interest will be aroused in collecting forever stamps. (D) The traditional tent cities at festivals such as Glastonbury may never be the same again. In a victory of green green business business business that that that is is is certain certain certain to to to appeal appeal appeal to to to environmentally-aware environmentally-aware environmentally-aware music-lovers, music-lovers, music-lovers, a a a design design design student student student is is is to to receive receive financial financial financial support support support to to to produce produce produce eco-friendly eco-friendly eco-friendly tents tents tents made made made of of of cardboard cardboard cardboard that that that can can can be be be recycled recycled recycled after after after the the bands and the crowds have gone home. Major festivals such as Glastonbury throw away some 10,000 abandoned tents at the end of events each year. For his final year project at the University of the West of England, James Dunlop came up with a material material that that that can can can be be be recycled. recycled. recycled. And And And to to to cope cope cope with with with the the the British British British summer, summer, summer, the the the cardboard cardboard cardboard has has has been been been made made waterproof. Taking inspiration from a Japanese architect, who has used cardboard to make big buildings including churches, Mr. Dunlop used cardboard material for his tents, which he called Myhabs. The design won an award at the annual New Designers Exhibition after Mr. Dunlop graduated from his product design degree and he decided to try to turn it into a business. To To raise raise raise money money money for for for the the the idea, idea, idea, he he he toured toured toured the the the City City City’’s s private private private companies companies companies which which which fund fund fund new new new business business business and and found a supporter in the finance group Mint. He introduced his idea to four of Mint ’s directors and won their their support. support. support. Mint Mint Mint has has has committed committed committed around around £500,000 500,000 to to to MyHab MyHab MyHab and and and taken taken taken a a a share share share of of of 30 30 30 per per per cent cent cent in in in Mr. Mr. Dunlop Dunlop’’s business. The first Myhabs should be tested at festivals this summer, before being marketed fully next year. Mr. Dunlop said that the design, which accommodates two people, could have other uses, such as for disaster relief and housing for the London Olympics. For music events, the cardboard houses will be ordered online and put up at the sites by the Myhab team before the festival-goers arrive and removed by the company afterwards. They can be personalized and the company will offer reductions on the expense if people agree to sell exterior (外部的外部的) advertising space. The biggest festivals attract tens of thousands of participants, with Glastonbury having some 150,000 each year. Altogether there are around 100 annual music festivals where people camp in the UK. The events are becoming increasingly environmentally conscious. 76. ―Eco-friendly tents ǁ in paragraph 1 refer to tents _______. A. economically desirable B. favorable to the environment C. for holding music performances D. designed for disaster relief 77. Mr. Dunlop established his business ______. A. independently with an interest-free loan from Mint B. with the approval of the City’s administration C. in partnership with a finance group D. with the help of a Japanese architect 78. It is implied in the passage that _______. A. the weather in the UK is changeable in summer B. most performances at British festivals are given in the open air C. the cardboard tents produced by Mr. Dunlop can be user-tailored D. cardboard tents can be easily put up and removed by users. 79. The passage is mainly concerned with ______. A. an attempt at developing recyclable tents B. some efforts at making full use of cardboards C. an unusual success of a graduation project D. the effects of using cardboard tents on music festivals (E) Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A —F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. Do established musicians have a responsibility to guide and assist young up-and up-and––coming musicians? B. Did anyone promote your musical education when you were growing up? C. What kind of ―world music ǁ do you enjoy? D. What What’’s your comment on pop music? E. Does the contemporary music press give jazz the coverage it deserves? F. What What’’s wrong with the music on the radio? An interview with Wynton Marsalis, a noted jazz musician 80. There were the older jazz musicians who hung around our house when I was young. I saw how much they practiced, how serious they were about their art. I knew then I had to work just as hard if I wanted to succeed. Of course, my father inspired me a lot, and many teachers took the time to nurture my talent and the talents of other students in our school. 81. es. We Y es. We’’ve done such a poor job with music education because, as a society, we haven’t maintained the 。
2008年高考英语试题及参考答案(上海卷)
2008年高考(上海卷)英语试题分析与答案详解语法与词汇：Section A：25. B. 此题考查短语congratulate sb. on/ upon sth./ doing sth.意思是“为某事向某人祝贺”，所以，选择介词on。
26. C. 此题考查代词none, neither, either, all 的用法，根据上句知道是两者之间进行选择，而且从后一句的“我真的不介意”可知第二人的意思是“两者中哪一个都可以”，所以选择either，而其他三项不合题意。
e.g. —There’s coffee and tea: you can have________.—Thanks.A. eitherB. eachC. one D it (NMET 2003,第32题)either 指两者之中的任何一个，与句中的coffee and tea相对应，所以选择either,而each 是“每一个”，one 是“一个”，it 是“它”，都不合题意。
27. B．此题考查比较级的用法。
根据句意知“在我看来，伦敦的…从价格上看不如东京的贵，但是，从通上看，东京比伦敦更…”，本句后面实际上是省略了than Tokyo,所以二者进行比较，只能选择答案B。
在表示否定的同级比较时，常用本句前面出现“not so/as …as”结构，意为“前者不如后者”。
e.g. He spoke English well indeed, but of course not______ a native speaker.A．as fluent as B．more fluent than C．so fluently as D．much fluently than (2004 上海，第32题)答案：C．本句后半部分也是个省略句。
28. D．此题是情境交际题，考查学生对英语在语境中进行应用的能力。
从第二个人先问“Terry?”后感叹“never”的语气中,我们可以得知Terry是不喜欢go camping的，所以答案是hates,用一般现在时态表示Terry惯常的喜好。
2008年高考英语试题及参考答案(上海卷)
第六单元单元备课一、单元内容本单元由《画家和牧童》、《我为你骄傲》、《三个儿子》、《玩具柜台前的孩子》和语文园地六组成。
会认47个生字，学会书写33个。
二、单元主题本组教材围绕“做品质优秀的好少年” 这个专题，选编了一些给人启迪，让人受益的古今故事。
单元导语为：从古到今，有许多品质优秀的人，有的人十分谦虚，有的人勇于承认自己的错误，有的人孝敬父母、关爱他人……我们要向他们学习，做品质优秀的好少年。
主题为：做品质优秀的好少年。
本组所选的四篇文章，寓优秀的思想品质教育于生动有趣、感人肺腑的故事之中，既有绘声绘色的人物语言、动作的描述，又有维妙维肖的人物心理的细腻刻画，没有任何空洞的说教。
所以，建议老师在教学中也不要给孩子们讲述空泛的道理，要领着他们正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文，在读中认识生字，在读中积累语言，在读中发现主人公的优秀品质、感悟做人的道理。
让学生在阅读中识字，在阅读中感悟哲理，努力启发学生评价故事中的人与事，让他们懂得谦虚，勇于承认错误，孝敬父母及关爱他人这些优秀的品质，并愿意以故事中的人物为榜样，向他们学习，努力做一个德才兼备的好少年。
三、教材分析和教学建议1、《画家与牧童》是一个很优秀的古代历史人物故事，讲述了唐朝一位著名的画家戴嵩勇于承认错误，谦虚地向牧童学习。
“千教万教教人求真，千学万学学做真人。
”一个小牧童，竟然对着著名大画家戴嵩的画大喊：“画错啦，画错啦!”这胆量令人佩服。
教学这课时由于生字多，课文长，应让学生多读，多感悟。
教师可用一个问题来引领全文，“你佩服谁，为什么？”在学生感悟理解中，可以穿插渗透：要向戴嵩一样，无论多么有名，多么权威，也要虚心向他人学习；要向牧童一样，敢于提出意见，有胆识。
文中生字很多，也较难认记，一定要调动学生乐于识字的愿望，让其在语言环境中认记。
课后延伸可以让学生上网或看书找资料，了解更多以画动物闻名的画家。
2、《我为你骄傲》故事内容贴近儿童生活，是一个常会发生在孩子身上的故事，因此它的教育意义也就显得更为突出。
2008年上海高考英语试题及答案
英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。
2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。
3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。
4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。
7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。
11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。
12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。
13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。
14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。
15、A mother's love never changes. 母爱永恒。
16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。
17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。
18、A year's plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。
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2008年全国高考上海卷英语科试题及答案第I卷(105分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.l. A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow. C. Next week. D. Next month.2. A. She doesn't play tennis well. B. She likes other sports as well.C. She is an enthusiastic tennis player.D. She is a professional athlete.3. A. At a paint store. B. At an oil marketC. At a science museum.D. At a gallery.4.A.Work in the yard. B. Buy some wood.C. Go to the bookstore.D. Take a walk.5. A. A taxi driver. B. A passenger.C. A car cleaner.D. A mechanic.6. A. Call a repairman. B. Get out the paper stuckC. Turn to her colleague for help.D. Restart the machine7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00.C. Parking areas are closed after 10:00.D. All classes begin at 10:00.8. A. The presentation will begin at noon. B. She'll present her work to the man.C. She'd like to invite the man for lunch.D. She suggests working on the presentation at 12:00.9. A. The dormitory hours. B. The problem with the rules.C. The door number of the dormitory.D. The time to open the dormitory.10. A. The chairs didn't need to be painted. B. He doesn't like the color of the chairs.C. The park could have avoided the problem.D. The woman should have been more careful.Keys: CCDAA BBDACSection BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions II through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Worried. B. Surprised. C. Satisfied. D. Uninterested.12. A. It spoiled Juana's reputation. B. It copied her ideas without permission.C. It bought Juana's dishwashers.D. It wanted to share the dishwasher market.13. A. A successful business case. B. Juana's waterless laundry.C. A case against a global company.D. The worldwide dishwasher market.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following instructions.14. A. footprints. B. Food. C. Living insects. D. Orange seeds.15. A. Don't touch animals under any circumstances.B. Don't take away any natural objects from the park.C. Don't leave litter in the park or throw any off the boat.D. Don't transport animals from one island to another.16. A. To protect the guide's interest. B. To improve the unique environment.C. To ensure a trouble-free visit.D. To get rid of illegal behaviours.Keys: DBAABSection CDirections: In Section C, you will bear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Keys:17. India 18. Sweater 19.50 20. Ordinary 21. outstanding22. leave their countries 23. 17 million 24. career and familyII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. The two sportsmen congratulated each other______winning the match by shaking hands.A. withB. onC. inD. to【解析】此题考查短语congratulate sb. on/ upon sth./ doing sth.意思是“为某事向某人祝贺”，所以，选择介词on。
答案：B.26. — Do you want tea or coffee? —______. I really don't mind.A. NoneB. NeitherC. EitherD. All【解析】此题考查代词none, neither, either, all 的用法，根据上句知道是两者之间进行选择，而且从后一句的“我真的不介意”可知第二人的意思是“两者中哪一个都可以”，所以选择either，而其他三项不合题意。
答案：C.27. In my view, London's not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is______in traffic.A. the most organizedB. more organizedC. so organized asD. as organized as【解析】此题考查比较级的用法。
根据句意知“在我看来，伦敦的…从价格上看不如东京的贵，但是，从通上看，东京比伦敦更…”，本句后面实际上是省略了than Tokyo,所以二者进行比较，只能选择答案B。
在表示否定的同级比较时，常用本句前面出现“not so/as …as”结构，意为“前者不如后者”。
答案：B．28. — Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?—Terry? Never! She______tents and fresh air!A. has hatedB. hatedC. will hateD. bates【解析】此题是情境交际题，考查学生对英语在语境中进行应用的能力。