Unit 1 Grammar动名词13-2-27
Unit 1 Grammar

一、Review1. Summarize and complement what we have learnt last class.2. Let students to read the new words and expressions.二、Lead inAsk questions of the picture in the text, and then lead in the title of the reading“The Great Wall”.Q1. Do you know how the Great Wall was built and why it was built? Q2. Where is the Great Wall?Q3. When was the Great Wall first built?Q4. Who decided to have the walls linked and extended?Q5. When was the Great Wall rebuilt?三、Learning Reading PartI. Sentences1. The walls were built to protect states.修建城墙是为了保护他们的国家。
1) 句中的were built 是过去时的被动语态结构。
在句子的主动形式是:They built the walls to protect these states.2) 句中protect是“保护”“防御”的意思,常与from或against 连用,即protect…from/against作“保护…以防…”解。
Eg. You need warm clothes to protect you from the cold.2. In 221 BC, the first Emperor of Qin Dynasty unified China and decided to have the walls linked and extended.To have sth. done“使…被…”。
Unit One Grammar动名词

Notice:
动名词作主语有时可以使用it作为形式主语, 动名词作主语有时可以使用 作为形式主语, 作为形式主语 而将真正的主语——动名词结构至于句末. 动名词结构至于句末. 而将真正的主语 动名词结构至于句末 常见句型: 常见句型: It is no good/use (useless)/fun doing sth. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is useless/no use trying again. No+动名词固定省略结构表示"禁止" 固定省略结构表示" +动名词固定省略结构表示 禁止" No smoking/littering.
My failing ________ the exam will disappoint my parents.
Would you mind my/me smoking?
作宾语时既可以用 所有格 也可以用宾格 所有格,也可以用宾格
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
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Gerunds as predicative (表语) 表语)
My hobby is fishing by the lake. Her job is mending books and magazines. Our duty is studying hard.
Gerunds as attribute(定语) (
主动 一般式 doing 被动 being done
完成式 having done having been done
Gerunds as subject (主语) 主语)
Moving the Shanghai Concert Hall was a difficult job. 管理家务是一件很劳累的工作. 管理家务是一件很劳累的工作. Keeping the house is a tiring job. 看英语电视新闻是学习英语的好方法. 看英语电视新闻是学习英语的好方法. Watching English TV news is a good way to learn English.
高中英语-unit1 grammar

若不定式太长, 常用it作形式主语, 不定式后置。常见句式:
It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. (指事物的性质或特征)
It is + adj.+ of sb. to do sth. (指人的性格或品质)
It is not easy _____ us to learn English well. It is kind _____ you to help me.
You were expected _________ (give) some help.
watc2h. 不定式做宾补时省略to的情况
see
let
五看 look at 三使 make
observe notice
have + sb do sth
(主动语态
二听 listen to
省to)
帮助记忆:
Hale Waihona Puke hear吾看三室两
厅一感觉
一感觉: feel
注意 I made him do his work.
He was made to do his work (by me). 以上动词变成被动语态时,被省略的to要还原
3. be said, be reported, be believed, be thought, be known等+to do E.g He is known __t_o_b_e_ (be) a physician.
the next 后面+to do做后置定语。
The first man to land on the moon is an American.
1. In our school she is the only student __t_o_a_t_t_e_n_d_(attend) the important meeting.
Unit 1 Grammar

不定式的构成
语态 体 一般体 进行体 主动式 被动式
to do to be doing
to be done
完成体 完成进行体
to have done to have been doing
to have been done
to be coming 1. He is said ______________ (come). 据说他正在赶来。 据说他正在赶来。 to have seen 2. He seems _____________ (see) the film. 他似乎看 过这部电影。 过这部电影。 3. He seems to have been worrying about (worry ________________________ about) his son. 他似乎一直在担心他的儿子。 他似乎一直在担心他的儿子。 to be reading 4. He pretended ____________(read) when his mother came into his room. 当他母亲进入他的房间 的时候,他假装正在看书。 的时候,他假装正在看书。 to be loved 5. To love and ___________(love) is the greatest happiness on earth. 爱与被爱是世间最大的幸福。 爱与被爱是世间最大的幸福。 to have kept 6. I am sorry ___________(keep)you waiting so long. 很抱歉让你久等了。 很抱歉让你久等了。 to be praised 7. She likes ____________(praise). 她喜欢受人表扬。 她喜欢受人表扬。 8. This problem is hard _________ (solve). 这个问题 to solve 很难解决。 很难解决。
高一牛津Unit 1Grammar动名词

拒绝承受原谅 deny
resist/bear/stand
consider
pardon / excuse
keep / insist on
允许考虑坚持 allow/permit
Used as an object 1)prep. + doing
to in be/get used to; be devoted to; look forward to; pay attention to; stick to; be dedicated to; object to... succed in; be interested in; have trouble/difficulty in...
Predicative
The worst thing is doing mechnical homework .
Used as an object 1)S. + vt.+ doing
避免承认延期 avoid admit delay / postpone/put off 建议完成练习 suggest/ advise/recommend finish practise 喜欢逃避冒险 appreciate 介意错过 想象 mind miss escape/avoid imagine risk
There is no need/use... no denying ... no point in ...
Where can we use it?
Subject
Doing mechnical homework is the worst thing.
Object
Should we avoid playing computer games?
Unit1Grammar语法byHow引导的特殊疑问句和动词-ing的用法-暑假精品课(人教版)(原

by,How引导的特殊疑问句和动词-ing的用法1.掌握by,How引导的特殊疑问句和动词-ing的基本构成及重点用法;本节课的内容。
1、how 用于询问动作执行的方式、手段等,译为“怎样”。
【句型剖析】how用来对交通方式提问,意为“如何;怎样”。
其答语有三种:①take a(n)/the+交通工具(单数)①by+交通工具(单数)①on/in+限定词+交通工具如:How do you go home?你怎样回家?I go home by bike/on foot.我骑自行车/步行回家。
2、how 用于询问动作的执行程度,译为“怎样”。
【句型剖析】—how do you like china?你觉得中国怎么样?—I like it very much. 非常喜欢。
3、how 用于询问身体健康状况,译为“怎么样”。
【句型剖析】—how are you?你好吗?—I’m fine,thank you. 我很好,谢谢。
4、how 用见面的问候语中。
【句型剖析】how do you do?你好!How’s it going?最近怎么样?5、how far引导的特殊疑问句【句型剖析】how far用来对距离提问,意为“多远”,其答语有两种:①用长度单位表示:It's+路程(+from A to B)①用时间表示:It's+数字+minutes' walk.如:How far is it from your home to school? 从你家到学校有多远?It's ten kilometers. 十公里远。
It's ten minutes' walk. 步行十分钟。
6、how long 引导的特殊疑问句【句型剖析】how long用来对时间提问,意为“多久”,其答语有两种:①It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.①It's about+时间段How long does it take you to clean your house? 打扫屋子花费你多长时间?It takes me an hour to clean my house.打扫屋子花费我一个小时。
高二英语上学期unit-1-grammar-inf

I could do nothing but wait until he came back.
需要注意的是,此句型中but/ except 前必须要有实义动 词do时,but / except后的不定式to才能省略,否则to则
不省.我们用一句话概括就是:有do无to,有 to无 do.
She has no choice but to wait for the news.
It is useful for you to learn some spoken English.
It is very kind of you to come here. It is foolish of him to do such a thing. It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.
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英语必修一Unit1 - Grammar

6. “Did you see her last week?” he said. • He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.
时态 TENSE
一般时 现在时 进行时将来时
直接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时
Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?” “It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.” A. Where B. which C. that D. when
成分依然完整。
I bought a new phone in this shop yesterday. It was I that/who bought a new phone in this shop yesterday. It was a new phone that I bought in this shop yesterday. It was in this shop that I bought a new phone yesterday. It was yesterday that I bought a new phone in this shop.
… Snow white is more fair than thee (you).
i 对方已将您拉入黑名单
What did the mirror told the queen?
The mirror told the queen that Snow white was more fair than her.
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归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有: It is +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 It is useless/no good/use doing 做……是没用处的 There is no point doing 做……是没有意义的 There is no doing 不可能……; 不允许…… Eg:There is no saying what may happen.
Some phrases with “to” as a prep (介词)
the key to,
look forward to,
be used to, pay attention to, lead to, in addition to,
+ doing
常用词组有
put off, feel like, give up, + doing be worth doing 值得做 (无被动) eg: The film is worth seeing twice.
Gerunds 动名词 V. + ing
动名词的句法功能
动名词(The Gerund)由动词加-ing 构成,兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 动名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、 定语和表语。
被动 being done having been done
主动 一般式 doing 完成式 having done
permit/allow/forbid/advice sb to do
2. Prepositions + doing
Because he was afraid of letting her see his face. 他没有与我告别就离开了。 He left without saying goodbye to me. 司机因为乱停车被罚款。 The driver was fined because of parking his car in the wrong place.
动名词的否定: not doing Eg: I suggest not doing that. His not keeping his words made us angry.
Practice:
我不明白他为什么总是避开见我。 I wonder why he always avoids meeting me . 这个美国人喜欢在中国餐馆用餐。 The American enjoyed having meals in the Chinese restaurant. 汤姆建议爬到山顶看城市的全景。 Tom suggested climbing to the top of the mountain to have a view of the whole city.
Gerunds as objects (宾语)
Yet, this monster of a man loved singing. Christine enjoyed listening to his voice. He then spent years wandering the Earth.
1. Verbs +doing
delay, avoid, miss, escape, enjoy, consider(考虑)finish, admit, deny, keep, mind, practise, suggest, imagine, risk + doing Attention:
permit/allow/forbid/advice doing
Would you mind closing the door? my closing the door? me closing the door? 当主语和动作的执行者不一致时,引入逻 辑主语(该动作的主语) My/My father’s being ill made my mother sad. ★ 做主语用物主代词/所有格 Would you mind my/me/my sister’s closing the door? ★ 做宾语用宾格/物主代词/所有格
Gerunds as nghai Concert Hall was a difficult job.
看英语新闻是学习英语的好方法。
Watching English news is a good way to learn English. 光对剧院魅影表示同情是没用的。(feel) Only feeling sorry for the phantom of the opera is useless.
☆ can’t help doing 禁不住做…… can’t help (to) do 不能帮助做…… can’t help but do 只能做 Eg: I can’t help laughing at the good news. The young boy can’t help to carry the heavy box. He could help but sleep.