K9NBG08U5M-PIB0中文资料
k8+电子中文说明书

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随机配件:(相关示意图)MID 主机5V 2A直流充电器快速入门指南保修卡USB 连接线硬件规则:开机和关机:﹡开机:按住电源键,系统将进入开机过程,如下所示:开机Logo启动过程中…系统已经启动,正在进入Android系统:之后,系统进入默认的主界面。
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三星 FLASH K9XXG08U1A

K9XXG08UXAINFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN RELATION TO SAMSUNG PRODUCTS, AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.NOTHING IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE,TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SAMSUNG PRODUCTS OR TECHNOLOGY. ALL INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDEDON AS "AS IS" BASIS WITHOUT GUARANTEE OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.1. For updates or additional information about Samsung products, contact your nearest Samsung office.2. Samsung products are not intended for use in life support, critical care, medical, safety equipment, or similar applications where Product failure could result in loss of life or personal or physical harm, or any military or defense application, or any governmental procurement to which special terms or provisions may apply.* Samsung Electronics reserves the right to change products or specification without notice.Document Title1G x 8 Bit / 2G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory Revision HistoryThe attached data sheets are prepared and approved by SAMSUNG Electronics. SAMSUNG Electronics CO., LTD. reserve the rightto change the specifications. SAMSUNG Electronics will evaluate and reply to your requests and questions about device. If you have any questions, please contact the SAMSUNG branch office near your office.Revision No0.00.1RemarkAdvance PreliminaryHistory1. Initial issue1. Leaded part is eliminated2. tRHW is definedDraft DateNov. 09. 2005Jan. 10. 2006GENERAL DESCRIPTIONFEATURES• Voltage Supply - 2.70V ~ 3.60V • Organization- Memory Cell Array : (1G + 32M) x 8bit - Data Register : (2K + 64) x 8bit • Automatic Program and Erase - Page Program : (2K + 64)Byte - Block Erase : (128K + 4K)Byte • Page Read Operation- Page Size : (2K + 64)Byte - Random Read : 25µs(Max.) - Serial Access : 25ns(Min.)1G x 8 Bit / 2G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory• Fast Write Cycle Time- Page Program time : 200µs(Typ.) - Block Erase Time : 1.5ms(Typ.)• Command/Address/Data Multiplexed I/O Port • Hardware Data Protection- Program/Erase Lockout During Power Transitions • Reliable CMOS Floating-Gate Technology- Endurance : 100K Program/Erase Cycles (with 1bit/512Byte ECC)- Data Retention : 10 Years • Command Driven Operation• Intelligent Copy-Back with internal 1bit/528Byte EDC • Unique ID for Copyright Protection • Package :- K9K8G08U0A-PCB0/PIB048 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9WAG08U1A-PCB0/PIB048 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9WAG08U1A-ICB0/IIB052 - Pin TLGA (12 x 17 / 1.0 mm pitch)Offered in 1G x 8bit, the K9K8G08U0A is a 8G-bit NAND Flash Memory with spare 256M-bit. Its NAND cell provides the most cost-effective solution for the solid state application market. A program operation can be performed in typical 200µs on the (2K+64)Byte page and an erase operation can be performed in typical 1.5ms on a (128K+4K)Byte block. Data in the data register can be read out at 25ns cycle time per Byte. The I/O pins serve as the ports for address and data input/output as well as command input. The on-chip write controller automates all program and erase functions including pulse repetition, where required, and internal verification and margining of data. Even the write-intensive systems can take advantage of the K9K8G08U0A ′s extended reliability of 100K program/erase cycles by providing ECC(Error Correcting Code) with real time mapping-out algorithm. The K9K8G08U0A is an optimum solu-tion for large nonvolatile storage applications such as solid state file storage and other portable applications requiring non-volatility. An ultra high density solution having two 8Gb stacked with two chip selects is also available in standard TSOPI package.PRODUCT LISTPart NumberVcc RangeOrganizationPKG Type K9K8G08U0A-P 2.70 ~ 3.60VX8TSOP1 K9WA G08U1A-P K9WA G08U1A-I52TLGA1.001.001.001.002.007 6 5 4 3 2 11.001.001.0012.00±0.10#A117.00±0.1017.00±0.10BA12.00±0.10(Datum B)(Datum A)12.0010.002.502.502.000.501.30A B C DEF GHJ K L M N12-∅1.00±0.0541-∅0.70±0.05Side View1.0(M a x .)0.10 C17.00±0.10Top ViewBottom ViewABC D EF G H J KL M N7654321K9WAG08U1A - ICB0 / IIB052-TLGA (measured in millimeters)NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC NCNCNCNCNCNC NCVccVcc VssVssVss /RE1/RE2/CE1/CE2CLE1CLE2ALE1ALE2/WE1/WE2/WP1/WP2R/B1R/B2VssIO0-1IO0-2IO1-1IO1-2IO2-1IO3-1IO2-2IO3-2IO4-1IO4-2IO5-1IO5-2IO6-1IO6-2IO7-1IO7-2∅ABC M 0.1∅ABC M 0.1PACKAGE DIMENSIONSPIN DESCRIPTIONNOTE : Connect all V CC and V SS pins of each device to common power supply outputs. Do not leave V CC or V SS disconnected.Pin Name Pin FunctionI/O 0 ~ I/O 7DATA INPUTS/OUTPUTSThe I/O pins are used to input command, address and data, and to output data during read operations. The I/O pins float to high-z when the chip is deselected or when the outputs are disabled.CLECOMMAND LATCH ENABLEThe CLE input controls the activating path for commands sent to the command register. When active high, commands are latched into the command register through the I/O ports on the rising edge of the WE signal.ALEADDRESS LATCH ENABLEThe ALE input controls the activating path for address to the internal address registers. Addresses are latched on the rising edge of WE with ALE high.CE / CE1CHIP ENABLEThe CE / CE1 input is the device selection control. When the device is in the Busy state, CE / CE1 high is ignored, and the device does not return to standby mode in program or erase operation.Regarding CE / CE1 control during read operation , refer to ’Page Read’ section of Device operation. CE2CHIP ENABLEThe CE2 input enables the second K9K8G08U0AREREAD ENABLEThe RE input is the serial data-out control, and when active drives the data onto the I/O bus. Data is valid tREA after the falling edge of RE which also increments the internal column address counter by one.WEWRITE ENABLEThe WE input controls writes to the I/O port. Commands, address and data are latched on the rising edge of the WE pulse.WPWRITE PROTECTThe WP pin provides inadvertent program/erase protection during power transitions. The internal high volt-age generator is reset when the WP pin is active low.R/B / R/B1READY/BUSY OUTPUTThe R/B / R/B1 output indicates the status of the device operation. When low, it indicates that a program, erase or random read operation is in process and returns to high state upon completion. It is an open drain output and does not float to high-z condition when the chip is deselected or when outputs are disabled.Vcc POWERV CC is the power supply for device. Vss GROUNDN.CNO CONNECTIONLead is not internally connected.Product IntroductionThe K9K8G08U0A is a 8,448Mbit(8,858,370,048 bit) memory organized as 524,288 rows(pages) by 2,112x8 columns. Spare 64x8 columns are located from column address of 2,048~2,111. A 2,112-byte data register is connected to memory cell arrays accommo-dating data transfer between the I/O buffers and memory during page read and page program operations. The memory array is made up of 32 cells that are serially connected to form a NAND structure. Each of the 32 cells resides in a different page. A block consists of two NAND structured strings. A NAND structure consists of 32 cells. Total 1,081,344 NAND cells reside in a block. The program and read operations are executed on a page basis, while the erase operation is executed on a block basis. The memory array con-sists of 8,192 separately erasable 128K-byte blocks. It indicates that the bit by bit erase operation is prohibited on the K9K8G08U0A. The K9K8G08U0A has addresses multiplexed into 8 I/Os. This scheme dramatically reduces pin counts and allows system upgrades to future densities by maintaining consistency in system board design. Command, address and data are all written through I/O's by bringing WE to low while CE is low. Those are latched on the rising edge of WE. Command Latch Enable(CLE) and Address Latch Enable(ALE) are used to multiplex command and address respectively, via the I/O pins. Some commands require one bus cycle. For example, Reset Command, Status Read Command, etc require just one cycle bus. Some other commands, like page read and block erase and page program, require two cycles: one cycle for setup and the other cycle for execution. The 1056M byte physical space requires 31 addresses, thereby requiring five cycles for addressing : 2 cycles of column address, 3 cycles of row address, in that order. Page Read and Page Program need the same five address cycles following the required command input. In Block Erase oper-ation, however, only the three row address cycles are used. Device operations are selected by writing specific commands into the command register. Table 1 defines the specific commands of the K9K8G08U0A.In addition to the enhanced architecture and interface, the device incorporates copy-back program feature from one page to another page without need for transporting the data to and from the external buffer memory. Since the time-consuming serial access and data-input cycles are removed, system performance for solid-state disk application is significantly increased.The K9WAG08U1A is composed of two K9K8G08U0A chips which are selected separately by each CE1 and CE2. Therefore, in terms of each CE, the basic operation of K9WAG08U1A is same with K9K8G08U0A except some AC/DC charateristics.Table 1. Command SetsFunction1st Cycle2nd Cycle Acceptable Command during Busy Read 00h30hRead for Copy Back00h35hRead ID90h-Reset FFh-OPage Program80h10hTwo-Plane Page Program(4)80h---11h81h---10hCopy-Back Program85h10hTwo-Plane Copy-Back Program(4)85h---11h81h---10hBlock Erase60h D0hTwo-Plane Block Erase60h---60h D0hRandom Data Input(1)85h-Random Data Output(1)05h E0hRead Status70h ORead EDC Status(2)7Bh OChip1 Status(3)F1h OChip2 Status(3)F2h ONOTE : 1. Random Data Input/Output can be executed in a page.2. Read EDC Status is only available on Copy Back operation.3. Interleave-operation between two chips is allowed.It’s prohibited to use F1h and F2h commands for other operations except interleave-operation.4.Any command between 11h and 81h is prohibited except 70h, F1h, F2h and FFh .Caution : Any undefined command inputs are prohibited except for above command set of Table 1.DC AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Recommended operating conditions otherwise noted.)NOTE : 1. V IL can undershoot to -0.4V and V IH can overshoot to V CC +0.4V for durations of 20 ns or less. 2. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A =25°C. Not 100% tested.3. The typical value of the K9WAG08U1A’s I SB 2 is 40µA and the maximum value is 200µA.4. The maximum value of K9WAG08U1A-P’s I LI and I LO is ±40µA , the maximum value of K9WAG08U1A-I’s I LI and I LO is ±20µA .ParameterSymbol Test ConditionsMinTypMaxUnitOperating CurrentPage Read withSerial Access I CC 1tRC=25nsCE=V IL, I OUT =0mA-2535mAProgramI CC 2-EraseI CC 3-Stand-by Current(TTL)I SB 1CE=V IH , WP=0V/V CC --1Stand-by Current(CMOS)I SB 2CE=V CC -0.2, WP=0V/V CC -20100µAInput Leakage Current I LI V IN =0 to Vcc(max)--±20Output Leakage Current I LO V OUT =0 to Vcc(max)--±20Input High VoltageV IH (1)-0.8xVcc -Vcc+0.3V Input Low Voltage, All inputs V IL (1)--0.3-0.2xVccOutput High Voltage Level V OH I OH =-400µA 2.4--Output Low Voltage Level V OL I OL =2.1mA --0.4Output Low Current(R/B)I OL (R/B)V OL =0.4V810-mA RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS(Voltage reference to GND, K9XXG08UXA-XCB0 :T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08UXA-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C)ParameterSymbol Min Typ.Max Unit Supply Voltage V CC 2.7 3.3 3.6V Supply VoltageV SSVABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSNOTE :1. Minimum DC voltage is -0.6V on input/output pins. During transitions, this level may undershoot to -2.0V for periods <30ns. Maximum DC voltage on input/output pins is V CC +0.3V which, during transitions, may overshoot to V CC +2.0V for periods <20ns.2. Permanent device damage may occur if ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS are exceeded. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as detailed in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.ParameterSymbol Rating Unit Voltage on any pin relative to VSSV CC -0.6 to +4.6VV IN -0.6 to +4.6V I/O-0.6 to Vcc+0.3 (<4.6V)Temperature Under Bias K9XXG08UXA-XCB0T BIAS -10 to +125°C K9XXG08UXA-XIB0-40 to +125Storage Temperature K9XXG08UXA-XCB0T STG-65 to +150°CK9XXG08UXA-XIB0Short Circuit CurrentI OS5mACAPACITANCE (T A =25°C, V CC =3.3V, f=1.0MHz)NOTE : Capacitance is periodically sampled and not 100% tested. K9WAG08U1A-IXB0’s capacitance(I/O, Input) is 20pF.ItemSymbol Test ConditionMin MaxUnit K9K8G08U0AK9WAG08U1A*Input/Output Capacitance C I/O V IL =0V -2040pF Input CapacitanceC INV IN =0V-2040pFVALID BLOCKNOTE :1. The device may include initial invalid blocks when first shipped. Additional invalid blocks may develop while being used. The number of valid blocks is presented with both cases of invalid blocks considered. Invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more bad bits. Do not erase or pro-gram factory-marked bad blocks. Refer to the attached technical notes for appropriate management of invalid blocks.2. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit/512Byte ECC.3. The number of valid block is on the basis of single plane operations, and this may be decreased with two plane operations.* : Each K9K8G08U0A chip in the K9WAG08U1A has Maximun 160 invalid blocks.ParameterSymbol Min Typ.Max Unit K9K8G08U0A N VB 8,032-8,192Blocks K9WAG08U1AN VB16,064*-16,384*BlocksAC TEST CONDITION(K9XXG08UXA-XCB0: T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08UXA-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C ,K9XXG08UXA: Vcc=2.7V~3.6V unless otherwise noted)ParameterK9XXG08UXA Input Pulse Levels 0V to Vcc Input Rise and Fall Times 5ns Input and Output Timing Levels Vcc/2Output Load1 TTL GATE and CL=50pF (K9K8G08U0A-P/K9WAG08U1A-I) 1 TTL GATE and CL=30pF (K9WAG08U1A-P)MODE SELECTIONNOTE : 1. X can be V IL or V IH.2. WP should be biased to CMOS high or CMOS low for standby.CLE ALE CE WERE WP ModeH L L H X Read Mode Command Input L H L H X Address Input(5clock)H L L H H Write Mode Command Input L H L H H Address Input(5clock)L L L HH Data Input L L L H X Data Output X X X X H X During Read(Busy)X X X X X H During Program(Busy)X X X X X H During Erase(Busy)X X (1)X X X L Write Protect XXHXX0V/V CC (2)Stand-byProgram / Erase CharacteristicsParameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Program Time t PROG-200700µs Dummy Busy Time for Two-Plane Page Program t DBSY-0.51µs Number of Partial Program Cycles Nop--4cycles Block Erase Time t BERS- 1.52msNOTE : 1. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A=25°C. Not 100% tested.2. Typical program time is defined as the time within which more than 50% of the whole pages are programmed at3.3V Vcc and 25°C tempera-ture.AC Timing Characteristics for Command / Address / Data InputParameter Symbol Min Max UnitCLE Setup Time t CLS(1)12-nsCLE Hold Time t CLH5-nsCE Setup Time t CS(1)20-nsCE Hold Time t CH5-nsWE Pulse Width t WP12-nsALE Setup Time t ALS(1)12-nsALE Hold Time t ALH5-nsData Setup Time t DS(1)12-nsData Hold Time t DH5-nsWrite Cycle Time t WC25-nsWE High Hold Time t WH10-nsAddress to Data Loading Time t ADL(2)70-nsNOTES : 1. The transition of the corresponding control pins must occur only once while WE is held low2. tADL is the time from the WE rising edge of final address cycle to the WE rising edge of first data cycleAC Characteristics for OperationParameter Symbol Min Max Unit Data Transfer from Cell to Register t R-25µs ALE to RE Delay t AR10-ns CLE to RE Delay t CLR10-ns Ready to RE Low t RR20-ns RE Pulse Width t RP12-ns WE High to Busy t WB-100ns Read Cycle Time t RC25-ns RE Access Time t REA-20ns CE Access Time t CEA-25ns RE High to Output Hi-Z t RHZ-100ns CE High to Output Hi-Z t CHZ-30ns RE High to Output hold t RHOH15-ns RE Low to Output hold t RLOH5-ns CE High to Output hold t COH15-ns RE High Hold Time t REH10-ns Output Hi-Z to RE Low t IR0-ns RE High to WE Low t RHW100-ns WE High to RE Low t WHR60-ns Device Resetting Time(Read/Program/Erase)t RST-5/10/500(1)µs NOTE: 1. If reset command(FFh) is written at Ready state, the device goes into Busy for maximum 5µs.NAND Flash Technical NotesIdentifying Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more initial invalid bits whose reliability is not guaranteed by Samsung.The information regarding the initial invalid block(s) is called the initial invalid block information. Devices with initial invalid block(s)have the same quality level as devices with all valid blocks and have the same AC and DC characteristics. An initial invalid block(s)does not affect the performance of valid block(s) because it is isolated from the bit line and the common source line by a select tran-sistor. The system design must be able to mask out the initial invalid block(s) via address mapping. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit /512Byte ECC.All device locations are erased(FFh) except locations where the initial invalid block(s) information is written prior to shipping. The ini-tial invalid block(s) status is defined by the 1st byte in the spare area. Samsung makes sure that either the 1st or 2nd page of every initial invalid block has non-FFh data at the column address of 2048. Since the initial invalid block information is also erasable in most cases, it is impossible to recover the information once it has been erased. Therefore, the system must be able to recognize the initial invalid block(s) based on the original initial invalid block information and create the initial invalid block table via the following suggested flow chart(Figure 3). Any intentional erasure of the original initial invalid block information is prohibited.*Check "FFh" at the column address 2048 Figure 3. Flow chart to create initial invalid block table.StartSet Block Address = 0Check "FFh"Increment Block AddressLast Block ?EndNoYesYesCreate (or update)NoInitialof the 1st and 2nd page in the blockInvalid Block(s) TableNAND Flash Technical Notes (Continued)Program Flow ChartStartI/O 6 = 1 ?I/O 0 = 0 ?No*Write 80hWrite AddressWrite DataWrite 10hRead Status RegisterProgram Completedor R/B = 1 ?Program ErrorYesNoYes: If program operation results in an error, map out the block including the page in error and copy thetarget data to another block.*Error in write or read operationWithin its life time, additional invalid blocks may develop with NAND Flash memory. Refer to the qualification report for the actual data.The following possible failure modes should be considered to implement a highly reliable system. In the case of status read fail-ure after erase or program, block replacement should be done. Because program status fail during a page program does not affect the data of the other pages in the same block, block replacement can be executed with a page-sized buffer by finding an erased empty block and reprogramming the current target data and copying the rest of the replaced block. In case of Read, ECC must be employed. To improve the efficiency of memory space, it is recommended that the read or verification failure due to single bit error be reclaimed by ECC without any block replacement. The said additional block failure rate does not include those reclaimed blocks.Failure ModeDetection and Countermeasure sequenceWrite Erase Failure Status Read after Erase --> Block Replacement Program Failure Status Read after Program --> Block Replacement ReadSingle Bit FailureVerify ECC -> ECC CorrectionECC: Error Correcting Code --> Hamming Code etc. Example) 1bit correction & 2bit detectionNAND Flash Technical Notes (Continued)Copy-Back Operation with EDC & Sector Definition for EDCGenerally, copy-back program is very powerful to move data stored in a page without utilizing any external memory. But, if the source page has one bit error due to charge loss or charge gain, then without EDC, the copy-back program operation could also accumulate bit errors.K9K8G08U0A supports copy-back with EDC to prevent cumulative bit errors. To make EDC valid, the page program operation should be performed on either whole page(2112byte) or sector(528byte). Modifying the data of a sector by Random Data Input before Copy-Back Program must be performed for the whole sector and is allowed only once per each sector. Any partial modification smaller than a sector corrupts the on-chip EDC codes.A 2,112-byte page is composed of 4 sectors of 528-byte and each 528-byte sector is composed of 512-byte main area and 16-byte spare area."A" area 512 Byte(1’st sector)"H" area (4’th sector)Main Field (2,048 Byte)16 Byte"G" area (3’rd sector)16 Byte "F" area (2’nd sector)16 Byte "E" area (1’st sector)16 Byte "B" area 512 Byte(2’nd sector)"C" area 512 Byte(3’rd sector)"D" area 512 Byte(4’th sector)Spare Field (64 Byte)Table 2. Definition of the 528-Byte SectorSector Main Field (Column 0~2,047)Spare Field (Column 2,048~2,111)Area NameColumn AddressArea NameColumn Address 1’st 528-Byte Sector "A"0 ~ 511"E"2,048 ~ 2,0632’nd 528-Byte Sector "B"512 ~ 1,023"F"2,064 ~ 2,0793’rd 528-Byte Sector "C"1,024 ~ 1,535"G"2,080 ~ 2,0954’th 528-Byte Sector"D"1,536 ~ 2,047"H"2,096 ~ 2,111Within a block, the pages must be programmed consecutively from the LSB (least significant bit) page of the block to MSB (most sig-nificant bit) pages of the block. Random page address programming is prohibited.From the LSB page to MSB page DATA IN: Data (1)Data (64)(1)(2)(3)(32)(64)Data register Page 0Page 1Page 2Page 31Page 63Ex.) Random page program (Prohibition)DATA IN: Data (1)Data (64)(2)(32)(3)(1)(64)Data registerPage 0Page 1Page 2Page 31Page 63Addressing for program operation::::Interleave Page ProgramK9K8G08U0A is composed of two K9F4G08U0As. K9K8G08U0A provides interleaving operation between two K9F4G08U0As.This interleaving page program improves the system throughput almost twice compared to non-interleaving page program.At first, the host issues page program command to one of the K9F4G08U0A chips, say K9F4G08U0A(chip #1). Due to this K9K8G08U0A goes into busy state. During this time, K9F4G08U0A(chip #2) is in ready state. So it can execute the page program command issued by the host.After the execution of page program by K9F4G08U0A(chip #1), it can execute another page program regardless of the K9F4G08U0A(chip #2). Before that the host needs to check the status of K9F4G08U0A(chip #1) by issuing F1h command. Only when the status of K9F4G08U0A(chip #1) becomes ready status, host can issue another page program command. If the K9F4G08U0A(chip #1) is in busy state, the host has to wait for the K9F4G08U0A(chip #1) to get into ready state.Similarly, K9F4G08U0A chip(chip #2) can execute another page program after the completion of the previous program. The host can monitor the status of K9F4G08U0A(chip #2) by issuing F2h command. When the K9F4G08U0A(chip #2) shows ready state, host can issue another page program command to K9F4G08U0A(chip #2).This interleaving algorithm improves the system throughput almost twice. The host can issue page program command to each chip individually. This reduces the time lag for the completion of operation.NOTES : During interleave operations, 70h command is prohibited.R / B (#1)b u s y o f C h i p #1I /O X80h10h C o m m a n d A 30 : L o w A d d & D a t a80h 10h A 30 : H i g h A d d & D a t ab u s y o f C h i p #2i n t e r n a l o n l yR /B (#2)i n t e r n a l o n l yR /BI n t e r l e a v e P a g e P r o g r a m≈≈≈F 1h o r F 2h A B CDa n o t h e r p a g e p r o g r a m o n C h i p #1S t a t e A : C h i p #1 i s e x e c u t i n g a p a g e p r o g r a m o p e r a t i o n a n d c h i p #2 i s i n r e a d y s t a t e . S o t h e h o s t c a n i s s u e a p a g e p r o g r a m c o m m a n d t o c h i p #2.S t a t e B : B o t h c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a r e e x e c u t i n g p a g e p r o g r a m o p e r a t i o n .S t a t e C : P a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #1 i s t e r m i n a t e d , b u t p a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #2 i s s t i l l o p e r a t i n g . A n d t h e s y s t e m s h o u l d i s s u e F 1h c o m m a n d t o d e t e c t t h e s t a t u s o f c h i p #1. I f c h i p #1 i s r e a d y , s t a t u s I /O 6 i s "1" a n d t h e s y s t e m c a n i s s u e a n o t h e r p a g e p r o g r a m c o m m a n d t o c h i p #1.S t a t e D : C h i p #1 a n d C h i p #2 a r e r e a d y .A c c o r d i n g t o t h e a b o v e p r o c e s s , t h e s y s t e m c a n o p e r a t e p a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a l t e r n a t e l y .S t a t u sO p e r a t i o nS t a t u s C o m m a n d / D a t aF 1hF 2hAC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : R e a d y8x hC x hBC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : B u s y8x h8x hCC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : B u s yC x h8x hDC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : R e a d yC x hC x hR / B (#1)b u s y o f C h i p #1I /O X60hD 0h C o m m a n d A 30 : L o w A d d60h D 0h A 30 : H i g h A d db u s y o f C h i p #2i n t e r n a l o n l yR /B (#2)i n t e r n a l o n l yR /BI n t e r l e a v e B l o c k E r a s e≈≈≈F 1h o r F 2h A B CDa n o t h e r B l o c k E r a s e o n C h i p #1S t a t e A : C h i p #1 i s e x e c u t i n g a b l o c k e r a s e o p e r a t i o n , a n d c h i p #2 i s i n r e a d y s t a t e . S o t h e h o s t c a n i s s u e a b l o c k e r a s e c o m m a n d t o c h i p #2.S t a t e B : B o t h c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a r e e x e c u t i n g b l o c k e r a s e o p e r a t i o n .S t a t e C : B l o c k e r a s e o n c h i p #1 i s t e r m i n a t e d , b u t b l o c k e r a s e o n c h i p #2 i s s t i l l o p e r a t i n g . A n d t h e s y s t e m s h o u l d i s s u e F 1h c o m m a n d t o d e t e c t t h e s t a t u s o f c h i p #1. I f c h i p #1 i s r e a d y , s t a t u s I /O 6 i s "1" a n d t h e s y s t e m c a n i s s u e a n o t h e r b l o c k e r a s e c o m m a n d t o c h i p #1.S t a t e D : C h i p #1 a n d C h i p #2 a r e r e a d y .A c c o r d i n g t o t h e a b o v e p r o c e s s , t h e s y s t e m c a n o p e r a t e b l o c k e r a s e o n c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a l t e r n a t e l y .S t a t u sO p e r a t i o nS t a t u s C o m m a n d / D a t aF 1hF 2hAC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : R e a d y8x hC x hBC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : B u s y8x h8x hCC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : B u s yC x h8x hDC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : R e a d yC x hC x h。
零刻U59中文说明书

零刻U59中文说明书
零刻U59是一款主打办公和影音的低功耗小主机,搭载了最新的英特尔11代赛扬N5095四核四线程处理器,8/16GB的双通道内存,以及256/512GB的SSD。
它的配置具体如下:
SoC:Intel Jasper Lake Celeron N5095。
CPU:四核心、四线程,2.0-2.9GHz。
GPU:Intel UHD Graphics。
制程工艺:10nm。
操作系统:Vindows11Pro64位。
内存8/16 GB DDR42400MHz双通道(本评测中为16GB)。
内置存储:256GB/512 GB SSD(本评测为512GB)。
网络:WiFi5(2.4GHz+5GHz)+蓝牙4.0/千兆网口。
接口:4xUSB3.0/1xUSB-C/2xHDM2.0/3.5mm音频接口/1x。
DC电源接口配件:12V-3A电源适配器/2xHDM12.0连接线
(1m&0.2m)/说明书/显示器背挂支架/螺丝钉。
作为一款定位中低端的小主机,U59的设计感自然没有我上个月评测过零刻SER强。
机身顶部是亚克力的材质,有一定的镜面效果,干净的时候颜值还挺高。
不过缺点是极度容易沾染指纹,而且也很容易刮花。
在我一个月的使用中已经收集了一些小刮痕。
机身的侧面采用了塑料材质,但是因为经过了金属质感的喷漆,看起来并无任何的廉价感。
K9F1G08U0A

3
+0.003 0.005-0.001
1.20 0.047MAX
K9F1G08Q0A K9F1G08U0A
PIN CONFIGURATION (WSOP1)
K9F1G08U0A-VIB0,FIB0
N.C N.C DNU N.C N.C N.C R/B RE CE DNU N.C Vcc Vss N.C DNU CLE ALE WE WP N.C N.C DNU N.C N.C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 N.C N.C DNU N.C I/O7 I/O6 I/O5 I/O4 N.C DNU N.C Vcc Vss N.C DNU N.C I/O3 I/O2 I/O1 I/O0 N.C DNU N.C N.C
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
48-PIN LEAD/LEAD FREE PLASTIC THIN SMALL OUT-LINE PACKAGE TYPE(I) 48 - TSOP1 - 1220AF
Unit :mm/Inch
0.10 MAX 0.004 #48 ( 0.25 ) 0.010 12.40 0.488 MAX #24 #25 1.00±0.05 0.039±0.002 0.25 0.010 TYP 18.40±0.10 0.724±0.004
Draft Date
Aug. 24. 2003 Jan. 27. 2004
Remark
Advance Preliminary
K9产品资料

1080P全高清视频播放,支持RMVB/RM/AVI/MP4/MKV/FLV等全格式解码,无需转换,直播无忧,掌上影院随身行。
●10、特色音乐厅
震撼独享个人音乐厅,天籁般的美妙音质与完美的音效组合,,全面支持MP3/WMA/APE/FLAC/AAC/OGG/WAV主流音乐格式播放
●11、个人图书馆
我的专属书房、私家图书馆,尽在掌握间。全面支持PDF、EPUB、FB2、PDB、TXT多种主流电子书格式,图书杂志期刊,轻轻松松阅读,完美真实感受!
●12、HOST功能(通过USB转接线实现)
USB2.0高速传输接口,USB HOST功能,PC、U盘、3G上网卡设备随意连接。
●13、海量应用软件支持
技术规格
显示屏
8英寸1280x768TFT显示屏, 5点电容触摸屏
CPU
ROCKCHIP 2918ARM CortexA8,主频1.2GHz
GPU:Vivante GC800
内存
DDR3-512MB
操作系统
Android2.3
内置WiFi 802.11b/g,支持3G Dongle上网卡,支持USB转ADSL线支持以太网。
完美支持FLASH 10.3、WebM VP8解码,更精彩网页浏览,更多网络游戏选择,更便利网页视频直播。
●6、多点触控
领先的触控屏技术,支持多点触摸操控,更加灵敏的响应速度,更加流畅更加完美的操控体验。
●7、视频聊天
前置摄像头设计,可视会议、可视聊天全能,带来更多精彩更多应用体验。
●8、重力感应
内置3轴重力感应技术,屏幕方向随心转动,游戏操控畅快感受,各种应用中无微不至的人性化设计,给您带来全新视觉、操控、应用等更多更强体验。
K9F2G08Q0M

3. The tADL(Address to Data Loading Time) is added. - tADL Minimum 100ns (Page 11, 22~25) - tADL is the time from the WE rising edge of final address cycle to the WE rising edge of first data cycle at program operation. 4. Added addressing method for program operation 0.6 1. PKG(TSOP1, WSOP1) Dimension Change May. 19. 2004
FEATURES
• Voltage Supply -1.8V device(K9F2GXXQ0M): 1.70V~1.95V -3.3V device(K9F2GXXU0M): 2.7 V ~3.6 V • Organization - Memory Cell Array -X8 device(K9F2G08X0M) : (256M + 8,192K)bit x 8bit -X16 device(K9F2G16X0M) : (128M + 4,096K)bit x 16bit - Data Register -X8 device(K9F2G08X0M): (2K + 64)bit x8bit -X16 device(K9F2G16X0M): (1K + 32)bit x16bit - Cache Register -X8 device(K9F2G08X0M) : (2K + 64)bit x8bit -X16 device(K9F2G16X0M) : (1K + 32)bit x16bit • Automatic Program and Erase - Page Program -X8 device(K9F2G08X0M) : (2K + 64)Byte -X16 device(K9F2G16X0M) : (1K + 32)Word - Block Erase -X8 device(K9F2G08X0M) : (128K + 4K)Byte -X16 device(K9F2G16X0M) : (64K + 2K)Word • Page Read Operation - Page Size - X8 device(K9F2G08X0M) : 2K-Byte - X16 device(K9F2G16X0M) : 1K-Word - Random Read : 25µs(Max.) - Serial Access : 50ns(Min.) 30ns(Min., K9F2G08U0M only) • Fast Write Cycle Time - Page Program time : 300µs(Typ.) - Block Erase Time : 2ms(Typ.) • Command/Address/Data Multiplexed I/O Port • Hardware Data Protection - Program/Erase Lockout During Power Transitions • Reliable CMOS Floating-Gate Technology - Endurance : 100K Program/Erase Cycles - Data Retention : 10 Years • Command Register Operation • Cache Program Operation for High Performance Program • Power-On Auto-Read Operation • Intelligent Copy-Back Operation • Unique ID for Copyright Protection • Package : - K9F2GXXX0M-YCB0/YIB0 48 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9F2GXXX0M-PCB0/PIB0 : Pb-FREE PACKAGE 48 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch)
LinuxKernel核心中文手册PCI

Peripheral Component Interconnect〔PCI〕,似乎它的名字示意的一样,是描述如何通过一个构造化和可掌握的方式把系统中的外设组件连接起来的一个标准。
标准的PCI Local Bus 标准描述了系统组件电气连接的方法和它们行为的方法。
本章探讨Linux 核心如何初始化系统的PCI 总线和设备。
图6.1 是一个PCI 根底的系统的规律图。
PCI 总线和PCI-PCI 桥〔bridge 〕是系统组件联系在一起的粘合剂。
CUP 和video 设备连在主要的PCI 总线,PCI 总线0 。
一个特别的PCI 设备,PCI-PCI 桥把主总线连接到次PCI 总线,PCI 总线1 。
依据PCI 标准的术语,PCI 总线1 描述成为PCI-PCI 桥的下游而PCI 总线0 是桥的上游。
连接在次PCI 总线上的是系统的SCSI 和以太网设备。
物理上桥、次要PCI 总线和这两种设备可以在同一块PCI 卡上。
系统中的PCI-ISA 桥支持老的、遗留的ISA 设备,本图显示了一个超级I/O 掌握芯片,掌握键盘、鼠标和软驱。
6.1PCI Address Space 〔PCI 地址空间〕CPU 和PCI 设备需要访问它们所共享的内存。
这些内存让设备驱动程序掌握这些PCI 设备并在它们之间传递信息。
一般地共享的内存包括设备的掌握和状态存放器。
这些存放器用于掌握设备和读取它的状态。
例如:PCI SCSI 设备驱动程序可以读取SCSI 设备的状态存放器,推断它是否可以向SCSI 磁盘写一块信息。
或者它可以写入掌握存放器让它关闭的设备开头运行。
CPU 的使用的系统内存可以用作这种共享内存,但是假设这样的话,每一次PCI 设备访问内存,CPU 都不得不停顿,等待PCI 设备完成。
对于内存的访问通常有限制,同一时间只能有一个系统组件允许访问。
这会使得系统速度降低。
允许系统的外部设备在一个不受控的方式下访问主内存也不是一个好方法。
K9F8G08X0M_1.0_final

K9F8G08UXMINFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN RELATION TO SAMSUNG PRODUCTS, AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.NOTHING IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE,TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SAMSUNG PRODUCTS OR TECHNOLOGY. ALL INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDEDON AS "AS IS" BASIS WITHOUT GUARANTEE OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.1. For updates or additional information about Samsung products, contact your nearest Samsung office.2. Samsung products are not intended for use in life support, critical care, medical, safety equipment, or similar applications where Product failure could result in loss of life or personal or physical harm, or any military or defense application, or any governmental procurement to which special terms or provisions may apply.* Samsung Electronics reserves the right to change products or specification without notice.Document Title1G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory Revision HistoryThe attached data sheets are prepared and approved by SAMSUNG Electronics. SAMSUNG Electronics CO., LTD. reserve the rightto change the specifications. SAMSUNG Electronics will evaluate and reply to your requests and questions about device. If you have any questions, please contact the SAMSUNG branch office near your office.Revision No0.00.10.21.0RemarkAdvance AdvancePreliminaryFinalHistory1. Initial issue1. tCSD timing is added (min.10ns)1. Add random data output after Read for copy2. Add read for copy-back with data output timing guide3. Modify 2-plane copy-back program operation4. Modify 2KB program operation timing guide5. Wafer level capacitance is added.1. MONO/DDP LGA package is added.2. tCSD is changed.(10ns -> 0ns)Draft DateSep.26th 2006Dec. 8th 2006Feb. 15nd 2007Mar. 31st 2007GENERAL DESCRIPTIONFEATURES• Voltage Supply- 2.7V Device(K9F8G08B0M) : 2.5V ~ 2.9V - 3.3V Device(K9F8G08U0M) : 2.7V ~ 3.6V • Organization- Memory Cell Array : (1G + 32M) x 8bit - Data Register : (4K + 128) x 8bit • Automatic Program and Erase - Page Program : (4K + 128)Byte - Block Erase : (256K + 8K)Byte • Page Read Operation- Page Size : (4K + 128)Byte - Random Read : 25µs(Max.) - Serial Access : 25ns(Min.)1G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory• Fast Write Cycle Time- Page Program time : 200µs(Typ.) - Block Erase Time : 1.5ms(Typ.)• Command/Address/Data Multiplexed I/O Port • Hardware Data Protection- Program/Erase Lockout During Power Transitions • Reliable CMOS Floating-Gate Technology-Endurance : 100K Program/Erase Cycles (with 1bit/512Byte ECC)- Data Retention : 10 Years • Command Driven Operation• Intelligent Copy-Back with internal 1bit/528Byte EDC • Unique ID for Copyright Protection • Package :- K9F8G08B0M-PCB0/PIB048 - Pin TSOP1 (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9F8G08U0M-PCB0/PIB048 - Pin TSOP1 (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9F8G08U0M-ICB0/IIB052 - Pin ULGA (12 x 17 / 1.00 mm pitch) - K9KAG08U1M-ICB0/IIB052 - Pin ULGA (12 x 17 / 1.00 mm pitch)Offered in 1Gx8bit, the K9F8G08X0M is a 8G-bit NAND Flash Memory with spare 256M-bit. The device is offered in 2.7V and 3.3V Vcc . Its NAND cell provides the most cost-effective solution for the solid state application market. A program operation can be per-formed in typical 200µs on the (4K+128)Byte page and an erase operation can be performed in typical 1.5ms on a (256K+8K)Byte block. Data in the data register can be read out at 25ns cycle time per Byte. The I/O pins serve as the ports for address and data input/output as well as command input. The on-chip write controller automates all program and erase functions including pulse repe-tition, where required, and internal verification and margining of data. Even the write-intensive systems can take advantage of the K9F8G08X0M ′s extended reliability of 100K program/erase cycles by providing ECC(Error Correcting Code) with real time mapping-out algorithm. The K9F8G08X0M is an optimum solution for large nonvolatile storage applications such as solid state file storage and other portable applications requiring non-volatility.PRODUCT LISTPart Number Vcc Range OrganizationPKG Type K9F8G08B0M-P 2.5V ~ 2.9Vx8TSOP1K9F8G08U0M-P 2.7V ~ 3.6V K9F8G08U0M-I 52ULGAK9KAG08U1M-I1.001.001.001.002.007 6 5 4 3 2 11.001.001.0012.00±0.10#A117.00±0.1017.00±0.10BA12.00±0.10(Datum B)(Datum A)12.0010.002.502.502.000.501.30A B C DEF GHJ K L M N12-∅1.00±0.0541-∅0.70±0.05Side View0.65(M a x .)0.10 C17.00±0.10Top ViewBottom ViewABC D EF G H J KL M N7654321PIN CONFIGURATION (ULGA)K9F8G08U0M-ICB0/IIB052-ULGA (measured in millimeters)NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC NC NCNC NCNCNC NCVccVcc VssVssVss /RE NC/CENC CLENC ALE NC /WE NC /WPNC R/B NCVssIO0 NCIO1NCIO2IO3NCNC IO4 NC IO5NCIO6 NCIO7NC∅ABC M 0.1∅ABC M 0.1PACKAGE DIMENSIONS1.001.001.001.002.007 6 5 4 3 2 11.001.001.0012.00±0.10#A117.00±0.1017.00±0.10BA12.00±0.10(Datum B)(Datum A)12.0010.002.502.502.000.501.30A B C DEF GHJ K L M N12-∅1.00±0.0541-∅0.70±0.05Side View0.65(M a x .)0.10 C17.00±0.10Top ViewBottom ViewABC D EF G H J KL M N7654321K9KAG08U1M-ICB0/IIB052-ULGA (measured in millimeters)NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC NCNCNCNCNCNC NCVccVcc VssVssVss /RE1/RE2/CE1/CE2CLE1CLE2ALE1ALE2/WE1/WE2/WP1/WP2R/B1R/B2VssIO0-1IO0-2IO1-1IO1-2IO2-1IO3-1IO2-2IO3-2IO4-1IO4-2IO5-1IO5-2IO6-1IO6-2IO7-1IO7-2∅ABC M 0.1∅ABC M 0.1PACKAGE DIMENSIONSPIN DESCRIPTIONNOTE : Connect all V CC and V SS pins of each device to common power supply outputs. Do not leave V CC or V SS disconnected.Pin Name Pin FunctionI/O 0 ~ I/O 7DATA INPUTS/OUTPUTSThe I/O pins are used to input command, address and data, and to output data during read operations. The I/O pins float to high-z when the chip is deselected or when the outputs are disabled.CLECOMMAND LATCH ENABLEThe CLE input controls the activating path for commands sent to the command register. When active high, commands are latched into the command register through the I/O ports on the rising edge of the WE signal.ALEADDRESS LATCH ENABLEThe ALE input controls the activating path for address to the internal address registers. Addresses are latched on the rising edge of WE with ALE high.CECHIP ENABLEThe CE input is the device selection control. When the device is in the Busy state, CE high is ignored, and the device does not return to standby mode in program or erase operation.REREAD ENABLEThe RE input is the serial data-out control, and when active drives the data onto the I/O bus. Data is valid tREA after the falling edge of RE which also increments the internal column address counter by one.WEWRITE ENABLEThe WE input controls writes to the I/O port. Commands, address and data are latched on the rising edge of the WE pulse.WPWRITE PROTECTThe WP pin provides inadvertent program/erase protection during power transitions. The internal high volt-age generator is reset when the WP pin is active low.R/BREADY/BUSY OUTPUTThe R/B output indicates the status of the device operation. When low, it indicates that a program, erase or random read operation is in process and returns to high state upon completion. It is an open drain output and does not float to high-z condition when the chip is deselected or when outputs are disabled.Vcc POWERV CC is the power supply for device. Vss GROUNDN.CNO CONNECTIONLead is not internally connected.Product IntroductionThe K9F8G08X0M is a 8,448Mbit(8,858,370,048 bit) memory organized as 262,114 rows(pages) by 4,224x8 columns. Spare 128x8 columns are located from column address of 4,096~4,223. A 4,224-byte data register is connected to memory cell arrays accommo-dating data transfer between the I/O buffers and memory during page read and page program operations. The memory array is made up of 32 cells that are serially connected to form a NAND structure. Each of the 32 cells resides in a different page. A block consists of two NAND structured strings. A NAND structure consists of 32 cells. Total 2,162,688 NAND cells reside in a block. The program and read operations are executed on a page basis, while the erase operation is executed on a block basis. The memory array con-sists of 4,096 separately erasable 256K-byte blocks. It indicates that the bit by bit erase operation is prohibited on the K9F8G08X0M. The K9F8G08X0M has addresses multiplexed into 8 I/Os. This scheme dramatically reduces pin counts and allows system upgrades to future densities by maintaining consistency in system board design. Command, address and data are all written through I/O's by bringing WE to low while CE is low. Those are latched on the rising edge of WE. Command Latch Enable(CLE) and Address Latch Enable(ALE) are used to multiplex command and address respectively, via the I/O pins. Some commands require one bus cycle. For example, Reset Command, Status Read Command, etc require just one cycle bus. Some other commands, like page read and block erase and page program, require two cycles: one cycle for setup and the other cycle for execution. The 1056M byte physical space requires 31 addresses, thereby requiring five cycles for addressing : 2 cycles of column address, 3 cycles of row address, in that order. Page Read and Page Program need the same five address cycles following the required command input. In Block Erase oper-ation, however, only the three row address cycles are used. Device operations are selected by writing specific commands into the command register. Table 1 defines the specific commands of the K9F8G08X0M.In addition to the enhanced architecture and interface, the device incorporates copy-back program feature from one page to another page without need for transporting the data to and from the external buffer memory. Since the time-consuming serial access and data-input cycles are removed, system performance for solid-state disk application is significantly increased.Table 1. Command SetsFunction1st Set2nd Set Acceptable Command during Busy Read 00h30hRead for Copy Back00h35hRead ID90h-Reset FFh-OPage Program 80h10hCopy-Back Program85h10hBlock Erase60h D0hRandom Data Input(1)85h-Random Data Output(1)05h E0hRead Status70h ORead EDC Status(4)7Bh ORead Status 2F1h OTwo-Plane Read (3)60h----60h30hTwo-Plane Read for Copy-Back60h----60h35hTwo-Plane Random Data Output (1) (3)00h----05h E0hTwo-Plane Page Program(2)80h----11h81h----10hTwo-Plane Copy-Back Program(2)85h----11h81h----10hTwo-Plane Block Erase60h----60h D0hPage Program with 2KB Data (2)80h----11h80h----10hCopy-Back Program with 2KB Data (2)85h----11h85h----10hNOTE : 1. Random Data Input/Output can be executed in a page.2. Any command between 11h and 80h/81h/85h is prohibited except 70h/F1h and FFh.3. Two-Plane Random Data Output must be used after Two-Plane Read operation4. Read EDC Status is only available on Copy Back operation.Caution : Any undefined command inputs are prohibited except for above command set of Table 1.RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS(Voltage reference to GND, K9XXG08XXM-XCB0 :T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08XXM-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C)ParameterSymbolK9F8G08B0M(2.7V)K9XXG08UXM(3.3V)UnitMinTyp.Max Min Typ.Max Supply Voltage V CC 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.6V Supply VoltageV SSV ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSNOTE :1. Minimum DC voltage is -0.6V on input/output pins. During transitions, this level may undershoot to -2.0V for periods <30ns. Maximum DC voltage on input/output pins is V CC +0.3V which, during transitions, may overshoot to V CC +2.0V for periods <20ns.2. Permanent device damage may occur if ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS are exceeded. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as detailed in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.ParameterSymbol Rating Unit2.7V /3.3V DeviceVoltage on any pin relative to VSSV CC-0.6 to + 4.6VV IN -0.6 to + 4.6V I/O-0.6 to Vcc + 0.3 (< 4.6V)Temperature Under Bias K9XXG08XXM-XCB0T BIAS -10 to +125°C K9XXG08XXM-XIB0-40 to +125Storage Temperature K9XXG08XXM-XCB0T STG-65 to +150°CK9XXG08XXM-XIB0Short Circuit CurrentI OS5mADC AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Recommended operating conditions otherwise noted.)NOTE : 1. V IL can undershoot to -0.4V and V IH can overshoot to V CC +0.4V for durations of 20 ns or less. 2. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A =25°C. Not 100% tested.3. The typical value of the K9KAG08U1M’s I SB 2 is 20µA and the maximum value is 100µA.ParameterSymbolTest ConditionsK9F8G08X0MUnit2.7V3.3V MinTypMaxMinTypMaxOperating Current Page Read withSerial Access I CC 1tRC=25nsCE=V IL, I OUT =0mA-1530-1530mAProgramI CC 2-EraseI CC 3-Stand-by Current(TTL)I SB 1CE=V IH , WP=0V/V CC --1--1Stand-by Current(CMOS)I SB 2CE=V CC -0.2, WP=0V/V CC -1050-1050µAInput Leakage Current I LI V IN =0 to Vcc(max)--±10--±10Output Leakage Current I LO V OUT =0 to Vcc(max)--±10--±10Input High VoltageV IH (1)-0.8 xVcc -Vcc +0.30.8 xVcc -Vcc +0.3V Input Low Voltage, All inputs V IL (1)--0.3-0.2 xVcc -0.3-0.2 xVcc Output High Voltage Level V OH K9F8G08B0M :I OH =-100µA K9XXG08UXM :I OH =-400µA V CC -0.4-- 2.4--Output Low Voltage Level V OL K9F8G08B0M :I OL =100uA K9XXG08UXM :I OL =2.1mA --0.4--0.4Output Low Current(R/B)I OL (R/B)K9F8G08B0M :V OL =0.1V K9XXG08UXM :V OL =0.4V34-810-mAVALID BLOCKNOTE :1. The device may include initial invalid blocks when first shipped. Additional invalid blocks may develop while being used. The number of valid blocks is presented with both cases of invalid blocks considered. Invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more bad bits which cause status fail-ure during program and erase operation. Do not erase or program factory-marked bad blocks. Refer to the attached technical notes for appropriate management of invalid blocks.2. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit/512Byte ECC.3. The number of valid blocks is on the basis of single plane operations, and this may be decreased with two plane operations.* : Each K9F8G08U0M chip in the K9KAG08U1M has Maximun 80 invalid blocks.Parameter Symbol MinTyp.Max Unit K9F8G08X0M N VB 4,016-4,096Blocks K9K8G08U1MN VB8,032*-8,192*BlocksMODE SELECTIONNOTE : 1. X can be V IL or V IH.2. WP should be biased to CMOS high or CMOS low for standby.CLE ALE CE WERE WP Mode H L L H X Read Mode Command Input L H L H X Address Input(5clock)H L L H H Write Mode Command Input L H L H H Address Input(5clock)L L L HH Data Input L L L H X Data Output X X X X H X During Read(Busy)X X X X X H DuringProgram(Busy)X X X X X H DuringErase(Busy)X X (1)X X X L Write Protect XXHXX0V/V CC (2)Stand-byCAPACITANCE (T A =25°C, V CC =2.7V/3.3V, f=1.0MHz)NOTE : 1. Capacitance is periodically sampled and not 100% tested. 2. C I/O(W)* and C IN(W)* are tested at wafer level.ItemSymbol Test ConditionMin Max Unit Input/Output Capacitance C I/O V IL =0V -5pF C I/O(W)*V IL =0V -5pF Input CapacitanceC IN V IN =0V -5pF C IN(W)*V IN =0V-5pFAC TEST CONDITION(K9XXG08X0M-XCB0 :T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08XXM-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C,K9F8G08B0M: Vcc=2.5V ~ 2.9V, K9XXG08UXM: Vcc=2.7V ~ 3.3V,unless otherwise noted)ParameterK9F8G08B0M K9XXG08UXM Input Pulse Levels 0V to Vcc 0V to Vcc Input Rise and Fall Times 5ns 5ns Input and Output Timing Levels Vcc/2Vcc/2Output Load1 TTL GATE and CL=30pF1 TTL GATE and CL=50pFAC Timing Characteristics for Command / Address / Data InputNOTES : 1. The transition of the corresponding control pins must occur only once while WE is held low 2. tADL is the time from the WE rising edge of final address cycle to the WE rising edge of first data cycleParameterSymbol Min Max Unit3.3V(2.7V)3.3V(2.7V)CLE Setup Time t CLS (1)12-ns CLE Hold Time t CLH 5-ns CE Setup Time t CS (1)20-ns CE Hold Time t CH 5-ns WE Pulse Width t WP 12-ns ALE Setup Time t ALS (1)12-ns ALE Hold Time t ALH 5-ns Data Setup Time t DS (1)12-ns Data Hold Time t DH 5-ns Write Cycle Time t WC 25-ns WE High Hold Timet WH 10-ns Address to Data Loading Timet ADL (2)100-ns Program / Erase CharacteristicsNOTE : 1. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A =25°C. Not 100% tested.2. Typical program time is defined as the time within which more than 50% of the whole pages are programmed at3.3V Vcc and 25°C temperature .ParameterSymbol Min Typ Max Unit Program Time t PROG -200700µs Dummy Busy Time for Two-Plane Page Program t DBSY -0.51µs Number of Partial Program Cycles Nop --4cycles Block Erase Timet BERS- 1.52msAC Characteristics for OperationNOTE : 1. If reset command(FFh) is written at Ready state, the device goes into Busy for maximum 5µs.ParameterSymbol Min Max Unit 3.3V(2.7V)3.3V(2.7V)Data Transfer from Cell to Register t R -25µs ALE to RE Delay t AR 10-ns CLE to RE Delay t CLR 10-ns Ready to RE Low t RR 20-ns RE Pulse Width t RP 12-ns WE High to Busy t WB -100ns Read Cycle Time t RC 25-ns RE Access Time t REA -20ns CE Access Time t CEA -25ns RE High to Output Hi-Z t RHZ -100ns CE High to Output Hi-Zt CHZ -30ns CE High to ALE or CLE Don’t Care t CSD 0-ns RE High to Output Hold t RHOH 15-ns RE Low to Output Hold t RLOH 5-ns CE High to Output Hold t COH 15-ns RE High Hold Time t REH 10-ns Output Hi-Z to RE Low t IR 0-ns RE High to WE Low t RHW 100-ns WE High to RE Lowt WHR 60-ns Device Resetting Time(Read/Program/Erase)t RST -5/10/500(1)µs WP High to WE Lowt WW100-nsNAND Flash Technical NotesIdentifying Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more initial invalid bits whose reliability is not guaranteed by Samsung.The information regarding the initial invalid block(s) is called the initial invalid block information. Devices with initial invalid block(s)have the same quality level as devices with all valid blocks and have the same AC and DC characteristics. An initial invalid block(s)does not affect the performance of valid block(s) because it is isolated from the bit line and the common source line by a select tran-sistor. The system design must be able to mask out the initial invalid block(s) via address mapping. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit/512Byte ECC.All device locations are erased(FFh) except locations where the initial invalid block(s) information is written prior to shipping. The ini-tial invalid block(s) status is defined by the 1st byte in the spare area. Samsung makes sure that either the 1st or 2nd page of every initial invalid block has non-FFh data at the column address of 4,096. Since the initial invalid block information is also erasable in most cases, it is impossible to recover the information once it has been erased. Therefore, the system must be able to recognize the initial invalid block(s) based on the original initial invalid block information and create the initial invalid block table via the following suggested flow chart(Figure 3). Any intentional erasure of the original initial invalid block information is prohibited.*Check "FFh" at the column address 4,096 Figure 3. Flow chart to create initial invalid block tableStartSet Block Address = 0Check "FFh"Increment Block AddressLast Block ?EndNoYesYesCreate (or update)NoInitialof the 1st and 2nd page in the blockInvalid Block(s) TableNAND Flash Technical Notes (Continued)Program Flow ChartStartI/O 6 = 1 ?I/O 0 = 0 ?No*Write 80hWrite AddressWrite DataWrite 10hRead Status RegisterProgram Completedor R/B = 1 ?Program ErrorYesNoYes: If program operation results in an error, map out the block including the page in error and copy thetarget data to another block.*Error in write or read operationWithin its life time, additional invalid blocks may develop with NAND Flash memory. Refer to the qualification report for the actual data.The following possible failure modes should be considered to implement a highly reliable system. In the case of status read fail-ure after erase or program, block replacement should be done. Because program status fail during a page program does not affect the data of the other pages in the same block, block replacement can be executed with a page-sized buffer by finding an erased empty block and reprogramming the current target data and copying the rest of the replaced block. In case of Read, ECC must be employed. To improve the efficiency of memory space, it is recommended that the read or verification failure due to single bit error be reclaimed by ECC without any block replacement. The said additional block failure rate does not include those reclaimed blocks.Failure ModeDetection and Countermeasure sequenceWrite Erase Failure Status Read after Erase --> Block Replacement Program Failure Status Read after Program --> Block Replacement ReadSingle Bit FailureVerify ECC -> ECC CorrectionECC: Error Correcting Code --> Hamming Code etc. Example) 1bit correction & 2bit detectionRead ID OperationCECLEWEALERE90hRead ID CommandMaker Code Device Code00h ECht REAAddress 1cycleI/Oxt ARDevice Device Code (2nd Cycle)3rd Cycle 4th Cycle 5th Cycle K9F8G08B0M Same as K9F8G08U0MK9F8G08U0MD310hA6h64hDevice 4th cyc.Code3rd cyc.5th cyc.4th ID DataDescription I/O7 I/O6I/O5 I/ I/O3I/O2I/O1 I/O0Page Size(w/o redundant area ) 1KB2KB4KB8KB0 00 11 01 1Block Size(w/o redundant area ) 64KB128KB256KB512KB0 00 11 01 1Redundant Area Size ( byte/512byte) 8161Organization x8x161Serial Access Minimum 50ns/30ns25nsReservedReserved1111ID Definition Table90 ID : Access command = 90HDescription1st Byte 2nd Byte 3rd Byte 4th Byte 5th Byte Maker CodeDevice CodeInternal Chip Number, Cell Type, Number of Simultaneously Programmed Pages, Etc Page Size, Block Size,Redundant Area Size, Organization, Serial Access Minimum Plane Number, Plane Size3rd ID DataDescription I/O7 I/O6I/O5 I/O4I/O3 I/O2I/O1 I/O0Internal Chip Number 12480 00 11 01 1Cell Type 2 Level Cell4 Level Cell8 Level Cell16 Level Cell0 00 11 01 1Number ofSimultaneouslyProgrammed Pages 12480 00 11 01 1Interleave Program Between multiple chips Not SupportSupport1Cache Program Not SupportSupport15th ID DataDescription I/O7I/O6 I/O5 I/O4I/O3 I/O2 I/O1I/O0Plane Number 12480 00 11 01 1Plane Size(w/o redundant Area) 64Mb128Mb256Mb512Mb1Gb2Gb4Gb8Gb0 0 00 0 10 1 00 1 11 0 01 0 11 1 01 1 1Reserved 0 0 0Figure 7. Random Data Output In a PageAddress 00hData OutputR/B RE t R30h/35hAddress 05hE0h5Cycles2Cycles Data OutputData Field Spare Field Data Field Spare FieldI/OxCol. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3PAGE PROGRAMThe device is programmed basically on a page basis, but it does allow multiple partial page programming of a word or consecutive bytes up to 4,224, in a single page program cycle. The number of consecutive partial page programming operation within the same page without an intervening erase operation must not exceed 4 times for a single page. The addressing should be done in sequential order in a block. A page program cycle consists of a serial data loading period in which up to 4,224bytes of data may be loaded into the data register, followed by a non-volatile programming period where the loaded data is programmed into the appropriate cell.The serial data loading period begins by inputting the Serial Data Input command(80h), followed by the five cycle address inputs and then serial data loading. The data other than those to be programmed do not need to be loaded. The device supports random data input in a page. The column address for the next data, which will be entered, may be changed to the address which follows random data input command(85h). Random data input may be operated multiple times regardless of how many times it is done in a page.Modifying the data of a sector by Random Data Input before Copy-Back Program must be performed for the whole sector and is allowed only once per each sector. Any partial modification smaller than a sector corrupts the on-chip EDC codes.The Page Program confirm command(10h) initiates the programming process. Writing 10h alone without previously entering the serial data will not initiate the programming process. The internal write state controller automatically executes the algorithms and tim-ings necessary for program and verify, thereby freeing the system controller for other tasks. Once the program process starts, the Read Status Register command may be entered to read the status register. The system controller can detect the completion of a pro-gram cycle by monitoring the R/B output, or the Status bit(I/O 6) of the Status Register. Only the Read Status command and Reset command are valid while programming is in progress. When the Page Program is complete, the Write Status Bit(I/O 0) may be checked(Figure 8). The internal write verify detects only errors for "1"s that are not successfully programmed to "0"s. The command register remains in Read Status command mode until another valid command is written to the command register.Figure 8. Program & Read Status Operation80hR/B Address & Data Input I/O0PassData10h70hFailt PROGI/OxCol. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3"0""1"Col. Add.1,2Figure 9. Random Data Input In a Page80hR/B Address & Data Input I/O0Pass10h 70h Failt PROG85h Address & Data InputI/OxCol. Add.1,2 & Row Add1,2,3Col. Add.1,2 DataData"0""1"COPY-BACK PROGRAMThe Copy-Back program is configured to quickly and efficiently rewrite data stored in one page without utilizing an external memory.Since the time-consuming cycles of serial access and re-loading cycles are removed, the system performance is improved. The ben-efit is especially obvious when a portion of a block is updated and the rest of the block also need to be copied to the newly assigned free block. The operation for performing a copy-back program is a sequential execution of page-read without serial access and copy-ing-program with the address of destination page. A read operation with "35h" command and the address of the source page moves the whole 4,224-byte data into the internal data buffer. As soon as the device returns to Ready state, Page-Copy Data-input com-mand (85h) with the address cycles of destination page followed may be written. The Program Confirm command (10h) is required to actually begin the programming operation. During tPROG, the device executes EDC of itself. Once the program process starts, the Read Status Register command (70h/F1h) or Read EDC Status command (7Bh) may be entered to read the status register. The sys-tem controller can detect the completion of a program cycle by monitoring the R/B output, or the Status bit(I/O 6) of the Status Regis-ter. When the Copy-Back Program is complete, the Write Status Bit(I/O 0) and EDC Status Bits (I/O 1 ~ I/O 2) may be checked(Figure 10 & Figure 11& Figure 12). The internal write verification detects only errors for "1"s that are not successfully pro-grammed to "0"s and the internal EDC checks whether there is only 1-bit error for each 528-byte sector of the source page. More than 2-bit error detection is not available for each 528-byte sector. The command register remains in Read Status commands mode or Read EDC Status command mode until another valid command is written to the command register.During copy-back program, data modification is possible using random data input command (85h) as shown in Figure11. But EDC status bits are not available during copy back for some bits or bytes modified by Random Data Input operation. However, in case of the 528 byte sector unit modification, EDC status bits are available.Figure 10. Page Copy-Back Program Operation00hR/B Add.(5Cycles)I/O0Pass85h 70h Failt PROGAdd.(5Cycles) t R Source Address Destination Address35h10h I/OxCol. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3Col. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3Figure 11. Page Copy-Back Program Operation with Random Data Input00hR/B Add.(5Cycles)85h 70ht PROGAdd.(5Cycles) t RSource AddressDestination AddressData 35h10h 85hData Add.(2Cycles) There is no limitation for the number of repetition.I/OxCol. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3Col. Add.1,2 & Row Add.1,2,3Col. Add.1,2Note: 1. For EDC operation, only one time random data input is possible at the same address.Note : 1. Copy-Back Program operation is allowed only within the same memory plane."0""1"。
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K9XXG08UXMINFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN RELATION TO SAMSUNG PRODUCTS, AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.NOTHING IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE,TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SAMSUNG PRODUCTS OR TECHNOLOGY. ALL INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDEDON AS "AS IS" BASIS WITHOUT GUARANTEE OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.1. For updates or additional information about Samsung products, contact your nearest Samsung office.2. Samsung products are not intended for use in life support, critical care, medical, safety equipment, or similar applications where Product failure could result in loss of life or personal or physical harm, or any military or defense application, or any governmental procurement to which special terms or provisions may apply.* Samsung Electronics reserves the right to change products or specification without notice.Document Title1G x 8 Bit / 2G x 8 Bit / 4G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory Revision HistoryThe attached data sheets are prepared and approved by SAMSUNG Electronics. SAMSUNG Electronics CO., LTD. reserve the rightto change the specifications. SAMSUNG Electronics will evaluate and reply to your requests and questions about device. If you have any questions, please contact the SAMSUNG branch office near your office.Revision No0.00.10.20.31.0RemarkAdvance Advance Preliminary Preliminary FinalHistory1. Initial issue1. Technical note is changed 1. Icc value is changedDraft DateMar. 1st. 2005Apr. 1st. 2005May 3rd. 2005Sep. 26th. 2005Nov. 4th 2005GENERAL DESCRIPTIONFEATURES• Voltage Supply - 2.70V ~ 3.60V • Organization- Memory Cell Array : (1G + 32M) x 8bit - Data Register : (2K + 64) x 8bit • Automatic Program and Erase - Page Program : (2K + 64)Byte - Block Erase : (128K + 4K)Byte • Page Read Operation- Page Size : (2K + 64)Byte - Random Read : 20µs(Max.) - Serial Access : 25ns(Min.) * K9NBG08U5M : 50ns(Min.) • Fast Write Cycle Time- Page Program time : 200µs(Typ.) - Block Erase Time : 1.5ms(Typ.)1G x 8 Bit / 2G x 8 Bit / 4G x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory• Command/Address/Data Multiplexed I/O Port • Hardware Data Protection- Program/Erase Lockout During Power Transitions • Reliable CMOS Floating-Gate Technology- Endurance : 100K Program/Erase Cycles (with 1bit/512Byte ECC) - Data Retention : 10 Years • Command Driven Operation• Intelligent Copy-Back with internal 1bit/528Byte EDC • Unique ID for Copyright Protection • Package :- K9K8G08U0M-YCB0/YIB048 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch)- K9K8G08U0M-PCB0/PIB0 : Pb-FREE PACKAGE 48 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9WAG08U1M-YCB0/YIB048 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch)- K9WAG08U1M-PCB0/PIB0 : Pb-FREE PACKAGE 48 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) - K9WAG08U1M-ICB0/IIB052 - Pin TLGA (12 x 17 / 1.0 mm pitch)- K9NBG08U5M-PCB0/PIB0 : Pb-FREE PACKAGE 48 - Pin TSOP I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch)Offered in 1G x 8bit, the K9K8G08U0M is a 8G-bit NAND Flash Memory with spare 256M-bit. Its NAND cell provides the most cost-effective solution for the solid state application market. A program operation can be performed in typical 200µs on the (2K+64)Byte page and an erase operation can be performed in typical 1.5ms on a (128K+4K)Byte block. Data in the data register can be read out at 25ns(K9NBG08U5M:50ns) cycle time per Byte. The I/O pins serve as the ports for address and data input/output as well as com-mand input. The on-chip write controller automates all program and erase functions including pulse repetition, where required, and internal verification and margining of data. Even the write-intensive systems can take advantage of the K9K8G08U0M ′s extended reliability of 100K program/erase cycles by providing ECC(Error Correcting Code) with real time mapping-out algorithm. The K9K8G08U0M is an optimum solution for large nonvolatile storage applications such as solid state file storage and other portable applications requiring non-volatility.An ultra high density solution having two 8Gb stacked with two chip selects is also available in standard TSOPI package and another ultra high density solution having two 16Gb TSOPI package stacked with four chip selects is also available in TSOPI-DSP .PRODUCT LISTPart Number Vcc RangeOrganizationPKG Type K9K8G08U0M-Y ,P 2.70 ~ 3.60VX8TSOP1K9WA G08U1M-Y ,P K9WA G08U1M-I 52TLGA K9NBG08U5M-PTSOP1-DSP1.001.001.001.002.007 6 5 4 3 2 11.001.001.0012.00±0.10#A117.00±0.1017.00±0.10BA12.00±0.10(Datum B)(Datum A)12.0010.002.502.502.000.501.30A B C DEF GHJ K L M N12-∅1.00±0.0541-∅0.70±0.05Side View1.0(M a x .)0.10 C17.00±0.10Top ViewBottom ViewABC D EF G H J KL M N7654321K9WAG08U1M - ICB0 / IIB052-TLGA (measured in millimeters)NCNCNCNCNCNCNCNCNC NCNCNCNCNCNC NCVccVcc VssVssVss /RE1/RE2/CE1/CE2CLE1CLE2ALE1ALE2/WE1/WE2/WP1/WP2R/B1R/B2VssIO0-1IO0-2IO1-1IO1-2IO2-1IO3-1IO2-2IO3-2IO4-1IO4-2IO5-1IO5-2IO6-1IO6-2IO7-1IO7-2∅ABC M 0.1∅ABC M 0.1PACKAGE DIMENSIONSPIN DESCRIPTIONNOTE : Connect all V CC and V SS pins of each device to common power supply outputs. Do not leave V CC or V SS disconnected.There are two CE pins (CE 1 & CE 2) in the K9WAG08U1M and four CE pins (CE 1 & CE 2 & CE 3 & CE 4) in the K9NBG08U5M.There are two R/B pins (R/B1 & R/B2) in the K9WAG08U1M and four R/B pins (R/B1 & R/B2 & R/B3 & R/B4) in the K9NBG08U5M.Pin Name Pin FunctionI/O 0 ~ I/O 7DATA INPUTS/OUTPUTSThe I/O pins are used to input command, address and data, and to output data during read operations. The I/O pins float to high-z when the chip is deselected or when the outputs are disabled.CLECOMMAND LATCH ENABLEThe CLE input controls the activating path for commands sent to the command register. When active high, commands are latched into the command register through the I/O ports on the rising edge of the WE signal.ALEADDRESS LATCH ENABLEThe ALE input controls the activating path for address to the internal address registers. Addresses are latched on the rising edge of WE with ALE high.CE / CE1CHIP ENABLEThe CE / CE1 input is the device selection control. When the device is in the Busy state, CE / CE1 high is ignored, and the device does not return to standby mode in program or erase operation.Regarding CE / CE1 control during read operation , refer to ’Page Read’ section of Device operation. CE2CHIP ENABLEThe CE2 input enables the second K9K8G08U0MREREAD ENABLEThe RE input is the serial data-out control, and when active drives the data onto the I/O bus. Data is valid tREA after the falling edge of RE which also increments the internal column address counter by one.WEWRITE ENABLEThe WE input controls writes to the I/O port. Commands, address and data are latched on the rising edge of the WE pulse.WPWRITE PROTECTThe WP pin provides inadvertent program/erase protection during power transitions. The internal high volt-age generator is reset when the WP pin is active low.R/B / R/B1READY/BUSY OUTPUTThe R/B / R/B1 output indicates the status of the device operation. When low, it indicates that a program, erase or random read operation is in process and returns to high state upon completion. It is an open drain output and does not float to high-z condition when the chip is deselected or when outputs are disabled.Vcc POWERV CC is the power supply for device. Vss GROUNDN.CNO CONNECTIONLead is not internally connected.Product IntroductionThe K9K8G08U0M is a 8,448Mbit(8,858,370,048 bit) memory organized as 524,288 rows(pages) by 2,112x8 columns. Spare 64x8 columns are located from column address of 2,048~2,111. A 2,112-byte data register is connected to memory cell arrays accommo-dating data transfer between the I/O buffers and memory during page read and page program operations. The memory array is made up of 32 cells that are serially connected to form a NAND structure. Each of the 32 cells resides in a different page. A block consists of two NAND structured strings. A NAND structure consists of 32 cells. Total 1,081,344 NAND cells reside in a block. The program and read operations are executed on a page basis, while the erase operation is executed on a block basis. The memory array con-sists of 8,192 separately erasable 128K-byte blocks. It indicates that the bit by bit erase operation is prohibited on the K9K8G08U0M. The K9K8G08U0M has addresses multiplexed into 8 I/Os. This scheme dramatically reduces pin counts and allows system upgrades to future densities by maintaining consistency in system board design. Command, address and data are all written through I/O's by bringing WE to low while CE is low. Those are latched on the rising edge of WE. Command Latch Enable(CLE) and Address Latch Enable(ALE) are used to multiplex command and address respectively, via the I/O pins. Some commands require one bus cycle. For example, Reset Command, Status Read Command, etc require just one cycle bus. Some other commands, like page read and block erase and page program, require two cycles: one cycle for setup and the other cycle for execution. The 1056M byte physical space requires 31 addresses, thereby requiring five cycles for addressing : 2 cycles of column address, 3 cycles of row address, in that order. Page Read and Page Program need the same five address cycles following the required command input. In Block Erase oper-ation, however, only the three row address cycles are used. Device operations are selected by writing specific commands into the command register. Table 1 defines the specific commands of the K9K8G08U0M.In addition to the enhanced architecture and interface, the device incorporates copy-back program feature from one page to another page without need for transporting the data to and from the external buffer memory. Since the time-consuming serial access and data-input cycles are removed, system performance for solid-state disk application is significantly increased.The K9WAG08U1M is composed of two K9K8G08U0M chips which are selected separately by each CE1 and CE2 and the K9NBG08U5M is composed of four K9K8G08U0M chips which are selected seperately by each CE1, CE2, CE3 and CE4. Therefore, in terms of each CE, the basic operations of K9WAG08U0M and K9NBG08U5M are same with K9K8G08U0M except some AC/DC charateristics.Table 1. Command SetsFunction1st Cycle2nd Cycle Acceptable Command during Busy Read 00h30hRead for Copy Back00h35hRead ID90h-Reset FFh-OPage Program80h10hTwo-Plane Page Program(4)80h---11h81h---10hCopy-Back Program85h10hTwo-Plane Copy-Back Program(4)85h---11h81h---10hBlock Erase60h D0hTwo-Plane Block Erase60h---60h D0hRandom Data Input(1)85h-Random Data Output(1)05h E0hRead Status70h ORead EDC Status(2)7Bh OChip1 Status(3)F1h OChip2 Status(3)F2h ONOTE : 1. Random Data Input/Output can be executed in a page.2. Read EDC Status is only available on Copy Back operation.3. Interleave-operation between two chips is allowed.It’s prohibited to use F1h and F2h commands for other operations except interleave-operation.4.Any command between 11h and 81h is prohibited except 70h, F1h, F2h and FFh .Caution : Any undefined command inputs are prohibited except for above command set of Table 1.DC AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Recommended operating conditions otherwise noted.)NOTE : 1. V IL can undershoot to -0.4V and V IH can overshoot to V CC +0.4V for durations of 20 ns or less. 2. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A =25°C. Not 100% tested.3. The typical value of the K9WAG08U1M’s I SB 2 is 40µA and the maximum value is 200µA.4. The typical value of the K9NBG08U5M’s I SB 2 is 80µA and the maximum value is 400µA.5. The maximum value of K9WAG08U1M-Y ,P’s I LI and I LO is ±40µA , the maximum value of K9WAG08U1M-I’s I LI and I LO is ±20µA .6. The maximum value of K9NBG08U5M’s I LI and I LO is ±80µA.ParameterSymbol Test ConditionsMinTypMaxUnitOperating CurrentPage Read withSerial Access I CC 1tRC=25ns (K9NBG08U5M: 50ns)CE=V IL, I OUT =0mA-2535mAProgramI CC 2-EraseI CC 3-Stand-by Current(TTL)I SB 1CE=V IH , WP=0V/V CC --1Stand-by Current(CMOS)I SB 2CE=V CC -0.2, WP=0V/V CC -20100µAInput Leakage Current I LI V IN =0 to Vcc(max)--±20Output Leakage Current I LO V OUT =0 to Vcc(max)--±20Input High VoltageV IH (1)-0.8xVcc -Vcc+0.3V Input Low Voltage, All inputs V IL (1)--0.3-0.2xVccOutput High Voltage Level V OH I OH =-400µA 2.4--Output Low Voltage Level V OL I OL =2.1mA --0.4Output Low Current(R/B)I OL (R/B)V OL =0.4V810-mA RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS(Voltage reference to GND, K9XXG08UXM-XCB0 :T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08UXM-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C)ParameterSymbol Min Typ.Max Unit Supply Voltage V CC 2.7 3.3 3.6V Supply VoltageV SSVABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSNOTE :1. Minimum DC voltage is -0.6V on input/output pins. During transitions, this level may undershoot to -2.0V for periods <30ns. Maximum DC voltage on input/output pins is V CC +0.3V which, during transitions, may overshoot to V CC +2.0V for periods <20ns.2. Permanent device damage may occur if ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS are exceeded. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as detailed in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect reliability.ParameterSymbol Rating Unit Voltage on any pin relative to VSSV CC -0.6 to +4.6VV IN -0.6 to +4.6V I/O-0.6 to Vcc+0.3 (<4.6V)Temperature Under Bias K9XXG08UXM-XCB0T BIAS -10 to +125°C K9XXG08UXM-XIB0-40 to +125Storage Temperature K9XXG08UXM-XCB0T STG-65 to +150°CK9XXG08UXM-XIB0Short Circuit CurrentI OS5mACAPACITANCE (T A =25°C, V CC =3.3V, f=1.0MHz)NOTE : Capacitance is periodically sampled and not 100% tested. K9WAG08U1M-IXB0’s capacitance(I/O, Input) is 20pF.ItemSymbol Test Condition Min MaxUnit K9K8G08U0MK9WAG08U1M*K9NBG08U5MInput/Output Capacitance C I/O V IL =0V -204080pF Input CapacitanceC INV IN =0V-204080pFVALID BLOCKNOTE :1. The device may include initial invalid blocks when first shipped. Additional invalid blocks may develop while being used. The number of valid blocks is presented with both cases of invalid blocks considered. Invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more bad bits. Do not erase or pro-gram factory-marked bad blocks. Refer to the attached technical notes for appropriate management of invalid blocks.2. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit/512Byte ECC.3. The number of valid block is on the basis of single plane operations, and this may be decreased with two plane operations.* : Each K9K8G08U0M chip in the K9WAG08U1M and K9NBG08U5M has Maximun 160 invalid blocks.Parameter Symbol Min Typ.Max Unit K9K8G08U0M N VB 8,032-8,192Blocks K9WAG08U1M N VB 16,064*-16,384*BlocksK9NBG08U5MN VB32,128*32,768*AC TEST CONDITION(K9XXG08UXM-XCB0: T A =0 to 70°C, K9XXG08UXM-XIB0:T A =-40 to 85°C ,K9XXG08UXM: Vcc=2.7V~3.6V unless otherwise noted)ParameterK9XXG08UXM Input Pulse Levels 0V to Vcc Input Rise and Fall Times 5ns Input and Output Timing Levels Vcc/2Output Load1 TTL GATE and CL=50pF (K9K8G08U0M-Y ,P/K9WAG08U1M-I) 1 TTL GATE and CL=30pF (K9WAG08U1M-Y ,P) 1 TTL GATE and CL=30pF (K9NBG08U5M-P)MODE SELECTIONNOTE : 1. X can be V IL or V IH.2. WP should be biased to CMOS high or CMOS low for standby.CLE ALE CE WERE WP ModeH L L H X Read Mode Command Input L H L H X Address Input(5clock)H L L H H Write Mode Command Input L H L H H Address Input(5clock)L L L HH Data Input L L L H X Data Output X X X X H X During Read(Busy)X X X X X H During Program(Busy)X X X X X H During Erase(Busy)X X (1)X X X L Write Protect XXHXX0V/V CC (2)Stand-byAC Timing Characteristics for Command / Address / Data InputNOTES : 1. The transition of the corresponding control pins must occur only once while WE is held low 2. tADL is the time from the WE rising edge of final address cycle to the WE rising edge of first data cycleParameterSymbol MinMaxUnitK9NBG08U5MK9K8G08U0M K9NBG08U5MK9K8G08U0M K9WAG08U1MK9WAG08U1MCLE Setup Time t CLS (1)2512--ns CLE Hold Time t CLH 105--ns CE Setup Time t CS (1)3520--ns CE Hold Time t CH 105--ns WE Pulse Width t WP 2512--ns ALE Setup Time t ALS (1)2512--ns ALE Hold Time t ALH 105--ns Data Setup Time t DS (1)2012--ns Data Hold Time t DH 105--ns Write Cycle Time t WC 4525--ns WE High Hold Timet WH 1510--ns Address to Data Loading Timet ADL (2)7070--ns Program / Erase CharacteristicsNOTE1. Typical value is measured at Vcc=3.3V, T A =25°C. Not 100% tested.2. Typical program time is defined as the time within which more than 50% of the whole pages are programmed at3.3V Vcc and 25°C temperature .ParameterSymbol Min Typ Max Unit Program Time t PROG -200700µs Dummy Busy Time for Two-Plane Page Program t DBSY -0.51µs Number of Partial Program Cycles Nop --4cycles Block Erase Timet BERS- 1.52msAC Characteristics for OperationNOTE : 1. If reset command(FFh) is written at Ready state, the device goes into Busy for maximum 5µs.ParameterSymbol MinMaxUnitK9NBG08U5MK9K8G08U0M K9NBG08U5MK9K8G08U0M K9WAG08U1K9WAG08U1Data Transfer from Cell to Register t R -2020µs ALE to RE Delay t AR 1010-ns CLE to RE Delay t CLR 1010-ns Ready to RE Low t RR 2020-ns RE Pulse Width t RP 2512-ns WE High to Busy t WB --100100ns Read Cycle Time t RC 5025--ns RE Access Time t REA --3020ns CE Access Time t CEA --4525ns RE High to Output Hi-Z t RHZ --100100ns CE High to Output Hi-Z t CHZ --3030ns RE High to Output hold t RHOH 1515--ns RE Low to Output hold t RLOH -5--ns CE High to Output hold t COH 1515--ns RE High Hold Time t REH 1510--ns Output Hi-Z to RE Low t IR 00--ns RE High to WE Low t RHW 100100--ns WE High to RE Lowt WHR 6060--ns Device Resetting Time(Read/Program/Erase)t RST--5/10/500(1)5/10/500(1)µsNAND Flash Technical NotesIdentifying Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial Invalid Block(s)Initial invalid blocks are defined as blocks that contain one or more initial invalid bits whose reliability is not guaranteed by Samsung.The information regarding the initial invalid block(s) is called the initial invalid block information. Devices with initial invalid block(s)have the same quality level as devices with all valid blocks and have the same AC and DC characteristics. An initial invalid block(s)does not affect the performance of valid block(s) because it is isolated from the bit line and the common source line by a select tran-sistor. The system design must be able to mask out the initial invalid block(s) via address mapping. The 1st block, which is placed on 00h block address, is guaranteed to be a valid block up to 1K program/erase cycles with 1bit /512Byte ECC.All device locations are erased(FFh) except locations where the initial invalid block(s) information is written prior to shipping. The ini-tial invalid block(s) status is defined by the 1st byte in the spare area. Samsung makes sure that either the 1st or 2nd page of every initial invalid block has non-FFh data at the column address of 2048. Since the initial invalid block information is also erasable in most cases, it is impossible to recover the information once it has been erased. Therefore, the system must be able to recognize the initial invalid block(s) based on the original initial invalid block information and create the initial invalid block table via the following suggested flow chart(Figure 3). Any intentional erasure of the original initial invalid block information is prohibited.*Check "FFh" at the column address 2048 Figure 3. Flow chart to create initial invalid block table.StartSet Block Address = 0Check "FFh"Increment Block AddressLast Block ?EndNoYesYesCreate (or update)NoInitialof the 1st and 2nd page in the blockInvalid Block(s) TableNAND Flash Technical Notes (Continued)Program Flow ChartStartI/O 6 = 1 ?I/O 0 = 0 ?No*Write 80hWrite AddressWrite DataWrite 10hRead Status RegisterProgram Completedor R/B = 1 ?Program ErrorYesNoYes: If program operation results in an error, map out the block including the page in error and copy thetarget data to another block.*Error in write or read operationWithin its life time, additional invalid blocks may develop with NAND Flash memory. Refer to the qualification report for the actual data.The following possible failure modes should be considered to implement a highly reliable system. In the case of status read fail-ure after erase or program, block replacement should be done. Because program status fail during a page program does not affect the data of the other pages in the same block, block replacement can be executed with a page-sized buffer by finding an erased empty block and reprogramming the current target data and copying the rest of the replaced block. In case of Read, ECC must be employed. To improve the efficiency of memory space, it is recommended that the read or verification failure due to single bit error be reclaimed by ECC without any block replacement. The said additional block failure rate does not include those reclaimed blocks.Failure ModeDetection and Countermeasure sequenceWrite Erase Failure Status Read after Erase --> Block Replacement Program Failure Status Read after Program --> Block Replacement ReadSingle Bit FailureVerify ECC -> ECC CorrectionECC: Error Correcting Code --> Hamming Code etc. Example) 1bit correction & 2bit detectionNAND Flash Technical Notes (Continued)Copy-Back Operation with EDC & Sector Definition for EDCGenerally, copy-back program is very powerful to move data stored in a page without utilizing any external memory. But, if the source page has one bit error due to charge loss or charge gain, then without EDC, the copy-back program operation could also accumulate bit errors.K9K8G08U0M supports copy-back with EDC to prevent cumulative bit errors. To make EDC valid, the page program operation should be performed on either whole page(2112byte) or sector(528byte). Modifying the data of a sector by Random Data Input before Copy-Back Program must be performed for the whole sector and is allowed only once per each sector. Any partial modification smaller than a sector corrupts the on-chip EDC codes.A 2,112-byte page is composed of 4 sectors of 528-byte and each 528-byte sector is composed of 512-byte main area and 16-byte spare area."A" area 512 Byte(1’st sector)"H" area (4’th sector)Main Field (2,048 Byte)16 Byte"G" area (3’rd sector)16 Byte "F" area (2’nd sector)16 Byte "E" area (1’st sector)16 Byte "B" area 512 Byte(2’nd sector)"C" area 512 Byte(3’rd sector)"D" area 512 Byte(4’th sector)Spare Field (64 Byte)Table 2. Definition of the 528-Byte SectorSector Main Field (Column 0~2,047)Spare Field (Column 2,048~2,111)Area NameColumn AddressArea NameColumn Address 1’st 528-Byte Sector "A"0 ~ 511"E"2,048 ~ 2,0632’nd 528-Byte Sector "B"512 ~ 1,023"F"2,064 ~ 2,0793’rd 528-Byte Sector "C"1,024 ~ 1,535"G"2,080 ~ 2,0954’th 528-Byte Sector"D"1,536 ~ 2,047"H"2,096 ~ 2,111Within a block, the pages must be programmed consecutively from the LSB (least significant bit) page of the block to MSB (most sig-nificant bit) pages of the block. Random page address programming is prohibited.From the LSB page to MSB page DATA IN: Data (1)Data (64)(1)(2)(3)(32)(64)Data register Page 0Page 1Page 2Page 31Page 63Ex.) Random page program (Prohibition)DATA IN: Data (1)Data (64)(2)(32)(3)(1)(64)Data registerPage 0Page 1Page 2Page 31Page 63Addressing for program operation::::Interleave Page ProgramK9K8G08U0M is composed of two K9F4G08U0Ms. K9K8G08U0M provides interleaving operation between two K9F4G08U0Ms. This interleaving page program improves the system throughput almost twice compared to non-interleaving page program.At first, the host issues page program command to one of the K9F4G08U0M chips, say K9F4G08U0M(chip #1). Due to this K9K8G08U0M goes into busy state. During this time, K9F4G08U0M(chip #2) is in ready state. So it can execute the page program command issued by the host.After the execution of page program by K9F4G08U0M(chip #1), it can execute another page program regardless of the K9F4G08U0M(chip #2). Before that the host needs to check the status of K9F4G08U0M(chip #1) by issuing F1h command. Only when the status of K9F4G08U0M(chip #1) becomes ready status, host can issue another page program command. If the K9F4G08U0M(chip #1) is in busy state, the host has to wait for the K9F4G08U0M(chip #1) to get into ready state.Similarly, K9F4G08U0M chip(chip #2) can execute another page program after the completion of the previous program. The host can monitor the status of K9F4G08U0M(chip #2) by issuing F2h command. When the K9F4G08U0M(chip #2) shows ready state, host can issue another page program command to K9F4G08U0M(chip #2).This interleaving algorithm improves the system throughput almost twice. The host can issue page program command to each chip individually. This reduces the time lag for the completion of operation.NOTES : During interleave operations, 70h command is prohibited.R / B (#1)b u s y o f C h i p #1I /O X80h10h C o m m a n d A 30 : L o w A d d & D a t a80h 10h A 30 : H i g h A d d & D a t ab u s y o f C h i p #2i n t e r n a l o n l yR /B (#2)i n t e r n a l o n l yR /BI n t e r l e a v e P a g e P r o g r a m≈≈≈F 1h o r F 2h A B CDa n o t h e r p a g e p r o g r a m o n C h i p #1S t a t e A : C h i p #1 i s e x e c u t i n g a p a g e p r o g r a m o p e r a t i o n a n d c h i p #2 i s i n r e a d y s t a t e . S o t h e h o s t c a n i s s u e a p a g e p r o g r a m c o m m a n d t o c h i p #2.S t a t e B : B o t h c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a r e e x e c u t i n g p a g e p r o g r a m o p e r a t i o n .S t a t e C : P a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #1 i s t e r m i n a t e d , b u t p a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #2 i s s t i l l o p e r a t i n g . A n d t h e s y s t e m s h o u l d i s s u e F 1h c o m m a n d t o d e t e c t t h e s t a t u s o f c h i p #1. I f c h i p #1 i s r e a d y , s t a t u s I /O 6 i s "1" a n d t h e s y s t e m c a n i s s u e a n o t h e r p a g e p r o g r a m c o m m a n d t o c h i p #1.S t a t e D : C h i p #1 a n d C h i p #2 a r e r e a d y .A c c o r d i n g t o t h e a b o v e p r o c e s s , t h e s y s t e m c a n o p e r a t e p a g e p r o g r a m o n c h i p #1 a n d c h i p #2 a l t e r n a t e l y .S t a t u sO p e r a t i o nS t a t u s C o m m a n d / D a t aF 1hF 2hAC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : R e a d y8x hC x hBC h i p 1 : B u s y , C h i p 2 : B u s y8x h8x hCC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : B u s yC x h8x hDC h i p 1 : R e a d y , C h i p 2 : R e a d yC x hC x h。