【高考复习强化】2019年高考英语 语法备考(典型陷阱+分析+练习)名词考点
2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题01名词热点难点突破
专题01 名词Ⅰ.语法填空1The chrysanthemum(菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC.The flower 1. (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.It usually begins to bloom(开花) in the 9th lunar month，lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day.That’s why the month is also referred to 2.“the month of chrysanthemum”．The flower has been favored by 3. (poet) through the ages，because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn.Du Fu，a great Tang Dynasty poet，wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.Chinese people 4. (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemums on Double Ninth Day long before.Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after 5. day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty.People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6. (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good one,7. was an alteration(改变) of the custom of 8. (wear) chrysanthemums on people’s heads.At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and 9. (happy) for them.The displays are often 10. (live) with a sea of visitors.3．答案poets解析考查名词的数。
2019最新高考英语考点强化过关(三)-名词(详解)
2019最新高考英语考点强化过关（三）-名词（详解）（可数、不可数、单复数、词形集合名词）st year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.A averageB numberC amountD quantity2. On the wall is a photo of my mother who had black ____, but now she has some white ____.A. hairs; hairB. hair; hairsC. hair; hairD. hairs; hairs3. the city lies the famous beautiful mountain.A. 40 miles southeast ofB. To 40 miles southeast ofC. Southeast 40 miles toD. To southeast 40 miles of4．— What would you like, sir?— Two _____ bread and some coffee, please.A．piece B．pieces C．piece of D．pieces of5.James took the magazines off the little table to make_____for the television.A. roomB. areaC. fieldD. position6. Attention please，Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at ．A．the two gates B．a second gate C．the Gate Two D．Gate two7. Jack often turns to me for ____. Not long ago I gave him ____ on how to learn physics well.A. advices; a piece of good adviceB. advices; a good adviceC. advice; a good piece of adviceD. advice; advice8. This is a ____building, which is about ____ high.A. six-storey; 38 metreB. six-storeys; 38-metreC. six-storeyed; 38 metresD. six-storey; 38-metres9. In the after-class activities, the students had plenty of ____ and gained a lot of practical ____.A. exercises; experiencesB. practices; experienceC. practice; experienceD. exercise; experiences10.Many people have come to realize that they should go on a balanced ______and make ______in their day for exercise.A. diet; roomB. diets; roomsC. diets; roomD. diet; rooms11.Unfortunately, a fire broke out suddenly in his house and burnt all his ______, leaving him nothing but a car.A．furniture B．fortune C．possessions D．treasure12. The Taobao shop sells ____ clothing at a very good price.A. child’s and woman’sB. children and women’sC. children’s and w omenD. children’s and women’s13.—Isn’t it getting dark earlier tonight?— I think so. I see ____ is on already.A. the street lightB. the light of the streetC. the street’s lightD. the light street14. Look! His _______ large and his_______ all waiting for him for lunch.A. family is; family areB. families are; family isC. family is, families areD. family are; family is.15.He likes ________ because the potato is a vegetable not _________.A. potato; a fruitB. potatoes; a fruitC. a potato; fruitsD. potatoes; fruits2013高考英语考点过关（三）-----名词（可数、不可数、单复数、词形集合名词）1.A 【解析】a number of 许多 amount of 一般加不可数名词表金额, a quantity of 既可以加可数也可以加不可数, 但没有平均每年增加旳意思·2.B【解析】 hair当“头发”解,为不可数名词;指“几根白发”时,常表达为a few white hairs·句意：墙上有张我母亲有黑头发旳照片，但是现在她有了一些白头发·3.A 【解析】句意：这个著名美丽旳山位于城市东南方向四十公里旳地方，表示方位“城市东南方向四十公里旳地方”，用(to the)+方位词，数量概念放在介词短语或副词短语旳前面·因此A为唯一正确表达·4.D 【解析】考查不可数名词旳数量表达法，bread 不可数，两片面包用 two pieces of bread 表示·5.A 【解析】 A项room指空间，余地；不可数，常用旳短语有make room for“为…腾出空间”和句型there is no room for“没有…旳余地、空间”· B项意为“面积，地区，领域”； C项意为“田，领域”； D项意为“位置，职位”·该句句意为：James把杂志从小桌子上拿掉，腾出空间放电视·因此，根据句意选A·6. D 【解析】考查名词加数词旳表达法，名词大写在前，数词在后，且名词用单数形式，如三班 Class three 405房间 Room 405·句意：请注意从纽约到华盛顿旳19号航班现在正抵达2号门·7.C【解析】考查不可数名词数量表达法，advice是不可数名词·不可数名词不加s, a good piece of advice 一条好建议·句意：杰克经常求我要建议，不久前我给了他一条好建议·8. C【解析】第一空“六层旳楼房”可表达为 a six-storey building/ a six-storeyed building/ a building of six storeys; 第二空“数词+名词+形容词”作表语时,名词常用其复数形式,使用连字符构成复合形容词时,只可用作前置定语,如:a 38-meter-high building·9.C 题意为“学生拥有大量实践,从而获得许多实践经验”·practice作“实践”讲, experience作“经验”讲时,均为不可数名词·10. A【解析】分析句子可知，第一个空balanced 前有a表示“一种”，其后用单数形式·如：a great pleasure·第二个空，make room腾出空间/时间，room在此为不可数名词，意为“时间”·句意：许多年轻人逐渐意识到他们应该保持均衡饮食，在日常生活中腾出时间来锻炼，11. C【解析】furniture 家具，fortune 财富，possessions 作所有物时常用复数形式， treasure 珍宝，句意：不幸旳是他旳房子突然爆发一场大火，烧毁了他旳所有财产，只剩一辆汽车·12.D【解析】句意：这家淘宝店以便宜旳价格出售儿童服装和妇女服装·儿童服装和妇女服装,不是两者共有之物,属于分别所有旳形式即名词后加’s加and加名词后加’s旳形式·故应选D·13.A【解析】表示时间、地点、称呼等旳名词常直接用作定语,修饰另一名词·如:afternoon tea(下午茶);evening school(夜校); country life(乡村生活);winter sleep(冬眠)·另外,表示类别、用途、材料、功能、来源等旳名词也常直接用作定语·如: government office(政府办公室);history lesson(历史课);women drivers(女司机);shoe store(鞋店);tooth brush(牙刷);meeting room(会议室)等·句意：---难道今晚不是天黑旳早点吗? ---我想是旳，我看见街灯已经亮了·14.A【解析】句意: 瞧，他旳家是个大家庭而他旳一家人都在等他吃中饭·family是个集合名词，其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义·根据句意,选A.15.B【解析】第一空potatoes 和a potato 均可表泛指,而fruit(水果)作为集合名词，它通常是不可数旳·如：He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果·但是，当要表示种类时，它可视为可数名词，即a fruit 指一种水果，fruits 指多种水果·故B最佳·。
2019年高考英语 热点题型和提分秘籍 专题01 名词和冠词(含解析)
2019年高考英语热点题型和提分秘籍专题01 名词和冠词（含解析）近几年高考单项填空中单独考查名词的题目相对较少，多与冠词一起进行考查，但完形填空中对名词的考查一直是重点，且考查范围较广。
其命题趋势仍将是：在不同语言环境中去识别词义，进行词义辨析，是高考考查的重点。
因此，考生不仅要弄清词义，而且也要把握好语言环境，在单项填空、完形填空中这类试题会继续出现。
建议考生在复习中注意名词的词义辨析。
冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。
主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
热点题型一名词的数例1、Games, often seen as________activity for children, are still important in________development of teenagers.A. the; theB. an; theC. an; 不填D. the; 不填【答案】B【提分秘籍】名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。
1．可数名词的复数(1)可数名词变复数一般都是直接加s；词尾若是s，x，ch，sh，在词尾加esdesk→desks；dish→dishes stomach的复数形式是stomachs(2)以”辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，要变y为i再加esstudy→studies(3)以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为vesleaf→leaves(4)以字母o结尾的名词，多数加spiano→pianos(5)单、复数同形sheep；deer(6)单、复数都要加s的名词works(工厂)；means(方法)有一些例外情况：(1)巧记以o结尾加es的名词：黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。
(即Negro，hero，tomato 和potato四个词)(2)巧记以f或fe结尾的名词在变复数时直接加s：海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。
高考英语陷阱题归纳总结
高考英语陷阱题归纳总结高考英语作为一门重要科目，对于考生而言是一次重要的挑战。
在备考中，我们经常会遇到一些陷阱题，这些题目可能会导致我们的失分。
因此，本文将对高考英语中的陷阱题进行归纳总结，并提供策略来应对这些陷阱。
一、同义词替换陷阱在高考英语试题中，同义词替换是一种常见的陷阱形式。
考生在阅读理解和词汇填空题中常常会遇到这类问题。
这类题目常常会使用同义词替换原文中的关键词，以考查考生对词汇的掌握能力。
因此，我们需要通过广泛的阅读和积累词汇来增加自己对同义词的敏感性，从而更好地把握题意。
二、修饰语陷阱修饰语陷阱是一种常见的语法陷阱。
在选词填空、翻译和完形填空等题目中，我们经常会遇到修饰语陷阱。
这类题目常常通过对句子中修饰语的位置和形式进行调整，试图混淆考生对句子结构的理解。
因此，我们需要注意句子结构中修饰语的位置和作用，以避免被误导。
三、语境理解陷阱语境理解是高考英语试题中的难点之一。
考生在阅读理解和完形填空等题目中常常会遇到这类问题。
这类题目常常将重点放在考生对语篇整体的理解能力上，并试图通过迷惑性的选项来干扰考生的判断。
因此，我们需要通过多读多练的方式提高对语境的理解能力，以辨别正确答案。
四、逻辑推理陷阱逻辑推理是高考英语试题中的另一个难点。
在阅读理解和写作题中常常会涉及到逻辑推理。
这类题目试图考查考生对信息提取和推理能力的掌握程度。
因此，我们需要培养自己对信息的敏感性，通过积极阅读和思考来提高自己的逻辑推理能力。
五、易混淆词汇陷阱易混淆词汇是高考英语试题中的常见陷阱。
在选词填空和阅读理解等题目中，我们经常会遇到这类问题。
这类题目通过对词汇的选择和运用来考察考生的细致观察力。
因此，我们需要通过大量的练习和积累，加强对易混淆词汇的辨析能力，以避免被误导。
综上所述，高考英语陷阱题在考试中经常出现，对考生来说是一次重要的挑战。
通过了解和归纳这些陷阱的形式，我们可以有针对性地进行备考，提高应对陷阱题的能力。
高考英语语法专题复习--名词
高考英语语法专题复习一、名词Nouns一、名词的种类：1、专有名词1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词）2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。
（由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。
）2、普通名词物质名词：water,rice, oil, paper......1）不可数名词抽象名词：health, trouble, work, pleasure, honor......注：①不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。
如：have a wonderful time. make a great progress.②不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
③不可数名词一般无复数形式。
部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。
如：fishes, newspapers, waters, snows ......| | | |各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水大片水域积雪④有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。
如：times时代，works著作，difficulties⑤在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。
如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper......2）可数名词：①可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A bird can fly.The frog is a kind of hibernating animal.Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh.②有复数形式：a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（略）b）不规则变化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women),mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon(pheno mena)；注：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）......。
高考英语典型“陷阱题”50例（含答案解析）1
同学们在平时做题的过程中有没有发现这样的现象：有些题⽬看起来似曾相识，轻⽽易举就可选出“正确答案”，结果往往发现⾃⼰错了。
这些题⽬就是我们所说的“陷阱题”。
它们看似简单，实则不易解答。
出题者往往设下“陷阱”，如果⼤家⽤固定的思维⽅式去考虑，就会误选答案。
近年来，⾼考试卷中也常有这种性质的试题出现。
当同学们遇到这种题时，既不可“轻易下⼿”，也不可不知所措，⽽应做到先三思⽽后⾏。
⾸先，同学们要认真审题，发现“陷阱”。
要灵活地运⽤语法规则，理顺思路，寻找“陷阱”。
其次，要运⽤多向思维，分析“陷阱”。
不要⽤习惯的、单⼀的、⽚⾯的思维去解题。
再次，要去伪存真，识别“陷阱”。
要抓住基本知识点及特殊现象，不厌其烦地归纳理解，认清选择题⽬中的“鱼⽬”及“珍珠”，避免落⼊“陷阱”。
最后就是要加强验证，跳出“陷阱”。
这就要求学习者要有良好的检查验证习惯，掌握验证的⽅法，即使落⼊了“陷阱”，也能在验证过程中，发现“陷阱”，并迅速地跳出来。
下⾯是—些⽐较典型的“陷阱题”．请⼤家做做看： 1. Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could ______ his oral English before going abroad.A. improveB. to improveC. improvingD. to improving 2. Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown.A. tookB. had been takenC. had had been takenD. had taken 3. Before he went abroad， he spent as much time as he _____ English.A. could learningB. learnedC. to learnD. could learn 4. You can never imagine what great difficuly I have ______ your house.A. foundB. findingC. to findD. for finding 5. The person we spoke to ______ no answer at first.A. makingB. makesC. makeD. made 6. The person we referred to ______ us a report tomorrow.A. givingB. will giveC. gaveD. give 7. The days we have been looking forward to _______ soon.A. comingB. will comeC. cameD. have come 8. The person we talked about ______ our school last week.A. visitingB. will visitC. visitedD. has visited 9. The man whose songs we are fond of ______ in our city next week.A. singingB. to singC. will singD. sang 10. Not only ______ the jewelry she _____ been sold for her son’s gambling debts but also her house.A. is； hasB. has； hadC. has； hasD. 不填； has 11. ______ in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose 12. The research is so designed that once nothing can be’ done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun 13. — What do you think made the woman so upset？ — _______ weight.A. As she put onB. Put onC. Putting onD. Because of putting on 14. Time should be made good use of ______ our lessons well.A. learningB. learnedC. to learnD. having learned 15. It was only with the help of the local guide ______. A. was the mountain climber rescued B. then the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. that the mountain climber was rescued 16. Never ______ time come again.A. has lostB. will loseC. will lostD. lose 17. — ______ was it ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？ — Totally by chance.A. What； thatB. How； thatC. When； howD. Where； that 18. I have nothing to confess. ______ you want me to say？A. What is it thatB. What it is whatC. How is it thatD. How it is that 19. Is this factory ______ you visited the other day？A. the oneB. thatC. whereD.when 20. Was it _____ she heard with her ears really made her frightened？ A： what； that B. it； thatC. that； whichD. what；不填 21. ______ what the six blind men said sounded!A. How foolishlyB. How foolishC. What foolishlyD. What foolish 22. It was ______ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.A. repairB. repairingC. to repairD. in repair 23. Is this hotel ______ you said we were to stay in your letter？.A. thatB. whereC. the oneD. in which 24. Please tell me the way you thought of ______ the garden.A. take care ofB. to take care ofC. takinq care ofD. how to take care of 25. A fast-food restaurant is the place _______， just as the name suggests， eating is performed quickly.A. whichB. whereC. thereD. what 26. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where 27. The professor has written another book，________ of great importance to cornputer science.A. which I think it isB. and I think isC. which I think isD. when I think is 28. — Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer？ — Sorry， I have no idea.A. had； boughtB. has； boughtC. did； buyD. 不填； bought 29. We should do more such exercises in the future， I think， _____ those we did yesterday.A. asB. likeC. aboutD. than 30. He will tell you _____ he expects will win such a match.A. whyB. whomC. whichD. who 31. In New Zealand， I made lots of friends _____ a very practical knowledge of the English language.A. getB. togetC. gettingD. got 32. I’m busy now. I’m sorry I can’t help _____ the flowers.A. watedngB. wateredC. watersD. to water 33. Who would you rather ______ the report instead of you？A. have writeB. have to writeC. writeD. have written 34. We must stop pollution ______ longer.A. livingB. from livingC. to liveD. live 35. — Was it under the tree ______ you were away talking to a friend？ — Sure. But when I get back there， the bike was gone.A. thatB.whereC. whichD. while 36. Not far from the club there was a garden， ______ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every aftemoon.A. whoseB. itsC. whichD. that 37. Wang Ling was elected ______ all he is the tallest.A. becauseB. because ofC. forD. as 38. We’ll be free tomorrow， so I suggest ______ to the history museum.A. to visitB. visitingC. we should visitD. a visit 39. I like swimming， while what my brother enjoys ______.A. cookingB. to cookC. is cookingD. cook 40. Thank you for the trouble you have ______ to help me.A. paidB. takenC. hadD. asked 41. Who is it up _______ decide whether to goor not？A. to toB. for forC. to forD. for to 42. We keep in touch ______ writing often.A. withB. ofC. onD. by 43. — How long have you been here？ — ______ the end of last month，A. InB. ByC.AtD. Since 44. You should treat him (in) the way ______ suits him most.A. thatB. in whichC. 不填D. why 45. He insisted that the sky ______ clear up the following day.A. wouldB. shouldC. 不填D. be 46. He is a strict but kind-hearted father， ______ the children respect but are afraid of.A.不填B. thatC. for whomD. one whom 47. Mr Smith is ______ a good teacher ______ we all respect.A. such；thatB. such； as。
2019年英语高考一轮复习语法知识大全名词
一、概述名词是表示人、物、地点以及抽象概念的名称的词，名词根据不同的标准可以分为几种不同的种类。
本章从名词的概念入手，并根据不同的标准将名词分为不同种类。
不同的大类中又含有几种不同的小类。
每类名词都带有大量的事例予以论证，不仅可以从概念上理解一类名词，还可以从形式上去感知，有利于双方面把握，最后通过一个放射式的图形象地体现了名词的分类。
接着从名词的“数、性、格”三方面介绍了名词三种特性。
名词作为一个句子的陈述对象，在句中起着举足轻重的作用。
最后，介绍了名词的特殊结构，名词辨析，名词化等一些比较常见的问题，本章可谓内容详实，可以帮你打下良好的名词功底。
在本章结束时，在前面大量举例论证的基础上，并加以提炼精华，提出解决名词问题的核心与关键，有利于居高临下把握冠词。
名词是英语中最有实际意义的实词，在句中也是一个主体，所以学好名词这一章非常重要，通过对本章的学习，会提高你对名词的认识，从系统理论化角度把握名词。
二、分类（根据不同标准有不同分法）1、英语中的名词总体可以分为如下几类：普通名词、专有名词、集体名词（个体名词）、物质名词和抽象名词。
2、按词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。
普通名词又可分为类名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，现分别举例说明如下：①专有名词：是个别人、物、地点以及专门机构或团体的名称。
如：Mao Zedong毛泽东New York纽约the Atlantic ocean大西洋the United States of Great Britain and northern Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国②类名词：是指一类人或物的个体名词。
如：teacher老师pen钢笔village农村wheat小麦③集体名词：所谓的集体名词是表示一些人或物的总称。
与之相对应得是个体名词，作主语时可用复数形式的谓语动词。
如：police警察army军队family家庭cattle牛群④物质名词：表示一般无一定形状或大小的实物名称。
2019年高考英语语法复习讲义
2019年高考英语语法复习讲义（名师详细解读语法+真题分析，值得下载学习）目录简介 ................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
给力：非谓语动词 (13)情态动词 (21)秒杀定语从句 (27)特殊代词as (正如...一样) .. (29)秒杀开始 (29)落地检验——高考真题 (31)送给大家的两句话 (34)化解：状语从句 (34)点杀：名词性从句 (40)区别： (42)经典题目： (43)轻取：虚拟语气 (48)过去 (50)将来 (50)混合虚拟 (51)wish的用法 (51)落地检验——高考真题 (52)玩转“倒装” (54)半倒装部分倒装(公式：V助/V情+主语+V.) (55)落地检验——高考真题 (60)鉴别：介连冠代 (62)May you succeed!hold住：动词时态概念时态：时：时间态：状态动词时态：动词在不同时间点上的状态。
中文无时态差异：十年前，我们是好朋友；现在，我们也是好朋友；将来，我们还是好朋友。
英文有时态差异：Eg:We were good friends 10 years ago;We are still good friends now;We will be good friends in the future.分类:(八字方针)过过————过去———现在———将来had done have done do be going to dodid does will dobe to do 现在+将来：主将从现Eg:If it doesn’t rain, we willgo swimming tomorrow.When he arrives,he will let you know.客观真理：Eg:The sun rises in the eastand sets in the west.太阳东升西落。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
名词考点◆典型陷阱题分析◆1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.A. a, tearB. a piece of, tearsC. a, tearsD. a piece of, tear【陷阱】误选D，许多学生错误地认为，既然news(消息)和 paper(纸)均为不可数名词，那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的；同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”，“水”不可数，“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。
【分析】最佳答案为C。
newspaper和 tear均为可数名词，它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数，而且还可以连用数词。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
顺便说一句，若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西，而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待，也可用作不可数名词，如：Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
2.Her father w orks as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.A. cooker, typewriterB. cook, typistC. cooker, typistD. cook, typewriter【陷阱】误选A，许多同学想当然地认为：cook 用作动词，表示“煮饭”，所以 cooker 应是其相应的名词，表示“煮饭的人”，即“厨师”；type 用作动词，表示“打字”，所以 typewriter 应表示“打字员”。
【分析】而事实是：cook=厨师，cooker=炊具；typist=打字员，typewriter=打字机。
即此题正确答案为B。
3.“Why couldn’t they meet us at five o’clock?” “B ecause they were delayed by ________.”A. heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics【陷阱】B、C、D三项均容易误选。
【分析】对于此题，首先要明确traffic为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除B和D。
另外，汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”，而英语习惯上却不能用crowded 来修饰 traffic，要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”，英语通常说heavy traffic，即选A。
如下面一题也是选A：She is not a competent driver and can’t cope with driving in _______.A. heavy trafficB. heavy trafficsC. crowded trafficD. crowded traffics4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.A. cattle isB. cattle areC. cattles areD. the cattles are【陷阱】此题容易误选A，想当然地认为cattle是单数，并且空格有表单数的one，自然谓语动词用is。
【陷阱】其实，正确答案为B。
cattle(牲畜，牛)为集合名词，尽管它不带复数词尾-s，却永远表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语要用复数。
又如：For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。
类似地，police(警察)，people(人)，police(警察)，poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法，即只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义；用作主语时谓语通常也用复数；不与 a(n) 连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。
如：The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。
In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。
It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候，我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.A. mean, meanB. means, meansC. means, meanD. mean, means【陷阱】误选C，认为第一空前有all修饰，故用means，而第二空前有every修饰，故用mean。
【分析】其实，means是一个单复数同形的名词，并且永远带有尾-s。
换句话说，在表示“方式”、“方法”时，不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词，表示“意思是”；也可用作名词，表示“中间”、“中庸”)。
此题正确答案为C，by all means为习语，意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。
顺便说一句，means用作主语时，其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。
比较：All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。
若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数，其谓语则用单数或复数均可。
如：Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.A. so kind a, friendsB. so a kind, friendsC. so kind a, friendD. so a kind, friend【陷阱】误选C或D。
认为 friend要用单数。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A。
so kind a person相当于such a kind person，注意两者中冠词的位置不同。
be friends with是习语，意为“与……友好”、“跟……做朋友”，与之同义的类似地还有make friends with。
值得说明的是，这类短语中的名词总是用复数，即使句子主语为单数也是如此。
如：He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.A. dozen of, dozenB. dozens of, dozensC. dozens of, dozenD. dozens of, dozen of【陷阱】误选 B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C。
关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂，大致原则是：(1) 当它与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾-s，也不后接介词of。
尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例，但这已属过时用法，在考试中应避免，如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项：Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozens ofB. doz ensC. dozen ofD. dozen [D](2) 当它不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s，而且要后接介词 of，此时可将dozens of(许多，几十)视为习语。
如：I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况：Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。
(3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时，加不加复数词尾-s均可，但需注意：不加复数词尾-s时，其后的介词of可以省略；加词尾-s时，其后介词 of不能省略。
如：several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔注：英语较少使用many dozen的说法，要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词 of。
如：two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋three dozen of them 它们中的3打注：score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as _____ for silence.A. an ideaB. a markC. a signD. a word【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】应选C，sign与mark的区别是：sign 的意思是“迹象”、“征兆”gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等)，mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。
根据此二词的语义区别以及常识可知答案为C。
类似地，下面两题的答案也是C：(1) Those black clouds are a sure _____ that it’s going to rain.A. thingB. markC. signD. one(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a ______ of good harvest next year.A. markB. trackC. signD. appearance但是，下面一题却不能选sign，也不能选mark，而选symbol(象征)：The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. markD. symbol顺便说一句，在近几年的高考中像这类结合词义区别以及语境和生活常识进行考查的试题经常出现，同学们需引起注意。