2016年华师英语语言文学基础英语翻译写作日语考研真题凯程首发

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华南理工大学359日语翻译基础2016年考研专业课真题试卷

人经营的花店。在店内的一角，每周会开设三次插花课堂，学员既有中国人也有
日本人。本期为您介绍的主人公，便是插花的指导老师，同时身为日本花艺师学
会的讲师片仓凤美女士。“人们从植物那里获得的正能量是世界相通的。我感觉
在中国好像没有与花相关的文化，因此我想将自己在日本所学习到的与花相关的
技艺与更多的中国人一同分享”。片仓凤美表示，在北京开设插花教室一直以来
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Hale Waihona Puke 华南理工大学2016年考研专业课真题试卷（原版）
１４．五十步笑百步１５．有钱任性，没钱认命
問題三．次の日本語の文章を中国語に訳しなさい。（30 点×2＝60 点） 1. 秋も大半を過ぎた旧暦 9 月の重陽節を迎えるこの時季は、肺熱や咳、疲労とい
った症状が見られやすく、中国医学では「秋燥」と呼ばれている。人体への気候の影響は、食を通じて防ぐことができる。秋燥の場合はレンコンだ。新鮮で甘く、白く柔らかいものが好ましく、レンコンの産地では採りたてのレンコンをそのまま食べる人も多い。生のレンコンは秋燥予防に効果的で、涼血清熱の効果、つまりほてりや血熱症の改善に効果があるとされる。生のレンコンはそのまま絞って飲んだり、甘酢かけや和え物にして食べることもできる。 2. 人のスタイルと痛覚には、何の関連性もないように思える。しかし米ニューメキシコ大学の最新の研究によると、スタイルの良い女性のほうが痛みに敏感であるという。ニューメキシコ大学の研究者は、96 人の学生を対象に研究を実施、女性の WHR、男性の SHR などを測定した。研究者はその後すべての被験者に対して、温度を調節できない氷水の中に手を入れさせ、耐えられる時間を記録した。研究者は被験者に痛みを感じるかと質問し、カメラを使って被験者の表情を撮影した。比較・分析結果によると、スタイルの良い女性が痛みに最も敏感だった。また肩幅の広い男性は、忍耐力が最も高かった。研究者は、痛みに敏感なことは力弱さの象徴であり、これによって女性は異性に対して魅力を発揮できると判断した。問題四．次の中国語の文章を日本語に訳しなさい。（30 点×2＝60 点）１．在时尚餐厅、写字楼、高级酒店等鳞次栉比的北京朝阳区三里屯，有一家由日本

考研日语真题2016答案

考研日语真题2016答案考研日语真题2016答案近年来，随着中国对外交流的不断加强，越来越多的学生选择考研日语，希望通过这门语言的学习，能够在未来的职业发展中有更多的机会。

而对于考研日语的学习者来说，熟悉历年的考题，掌握考试的出题规律是非常重要的。

因此，本文将为大家介绍2016年的考研日语真题，并提供相应的答案解析。

首先，我们来看一下2016年考研日语的试题内容。

整个试卷分为听力、阅读和翻译三个部分，共计150分。

其中，听力部分包括听力理解和听写两个部分，共计50分；阅读部分包括长篇阅读和短篇阅读两个部分，共计50分；翻译部分包括汉译日和日译汉两个部分，共计50分。

接下来，我们将对每个部分的题目进行解析。

在听力部分的听力理解部分，主要包括听对话和听独白两个部分。

在听对话部分，考生需要根据所听到的对话内容，回答相应的问题。

而在听独白部分，考生需要根据所听到的独白内容，选择正确的选项。

在这个部分，考生需要注意听力的训练，提高对日语语音和语调的敏感度。

接下来是听力部分的听写部分。

在这个部分，考生需要听一段短文，并将所听到的内容写下来。

这个部分主要考察考生的听力和笔译能力，需要考生对日语的语法和词汇有一定的了解和掌握。

在阅读部分的长篇阅读部分，考生需要阅读一篇较长的文章，并回答相应的问题。

这个部分主要考察考生的阅读理解能力和对文章主旨的把握。

在阅读长篇文章的过程中，考生需要注意理解文章的结构和逻辑关系，提高阅读的速度和准确性。

在阅读部分的短篇阅读部分，考生需要阅读几篇较短的文章，并回答相应的问题。

这个部分主要考察考生的细节理解能力和推理能力。

在阅读短篇文章的过程中，考生需要注意抓住文章的关键信息，理解文章的意思和作者的观点。

最后是翻译部分的汉译日和日译汉两个部分。

在汉译日部分，考生需要根据给定的中文句子，将其翻译成日语。

在日译汉部分，考生需要根据给定的日语句子，将其翻译成中文。

这个部分主要考察考生的翻译能力和对语言的理解和运用能力。

2016年华中科大汉语国际教育考研真题(完整版)凯程首发

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！
第 1 页共 1 页 2016年华中科大汉语国际教育考研真题
（完整版）凯程首发
刚考完2016考研初试，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，所考专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。

考研分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。

如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。

下面凯程老师把专业的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考研的同学使用，本试题凯程首发!
华科汉硕
汉语国际教育基础专业二
1.英语状语和汉语状语的特点及异同
2.唐宋至清代的文学语言对现代汉语的影响
3.文化文言文知教之所有兴，教之所由废，可以为人师（大概这么），翻译一段，然后概括所反映的教育理念
4.对外交流中，汉语与外语的互相影响
5.形声字特点及其反映的文化内涵
专业一汉语基础。

2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析

2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析（转自凯程教育）2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）（注：以下选项标红加粗为正确答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They're more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work, too.Companies located in place with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper. 2 , firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That's because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities' average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough, firms' investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8. But it is really happiness that's linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about thefuture. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C] unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11.[A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C] emerged [D] broke13.[A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19.[A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and others argued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhel mingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but just reading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher a good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy. Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 years old at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greaterchance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tens of thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。

2016年华中科技大学翻译硕士考研真题(回忆版)

凯程考研辅导班，中国最权威的考研辅导机构第 1 页共 1 页 2016年华中科技大学翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）真题是考研复习中含金量最高的辅导材料，真题的利用对于提高复习效率具有至关重要的作用。

一般来说，时间和精力有限，建议考生重点做近十年的真题。

凯程整理各高校历年考研真题，希望能帮大家更好的复习!2016年华中科技大学翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）翻译：一、ABS DDN AQ CIO IOC IDD?copycat product, subprime mortgage crisis, emergency preplan,东方明珠电视塔，旗袍，林业部，中国检察院，以权谋私，公款吃喝。

二、篇章英译汉，特斯拉S 系列轿车新功能autopilot(这篇较长)。

三、汉译英，第一篇黄鹤楼典故名字来源;第二篇同仁堂的创立和发展。

百科：一、名词解释：孔子学院; 儒家思想 ;清洁能源 ;孙中山 ;亚投行; 主权债券;智慧城市 ;《美国创新新战略》 ;全面小康社会; 新型工业化。

二、应用文你参加了12月24日某公司翻译中心翻译项目经理应聘的笔试和面试，请写一封感谢信。

450字左右三、大作文莎士比亚说“人生如舞台”人生有前台也有后台，请以“人生的前台与后台”为题目写一篇800字的作文。

2016年浙江工商大学翻译硕士考研真题（回忆版）一、词条翻译部分：ECE;WWCA;IPO;IP;TOEFL ;WHO;PV;greenhouse gas;virtual economy;G20; 西部大开发 ; 黄金周;互联网+;越剧 ;孟子;五角大楼 ;温饱工程。

二、篇章翻译：讲了一个American equity 我猜应该是经济学人上的内容三、汉译英：讲了说剑桥大学教授发明了锂空气电池还有一篇讲的是上海男人妻管严，但是他们不屈从于老婆。

2016考研英语一真题与答案完整版

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员效劳！2021考研英语一真题及答案完整版SectionⅠ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A ，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, _1_ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2_ a likely spouse on his own andthen ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man'sparents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in theselection. 4, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5aspouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, _ 7 _ by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _ 8 _ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony the bride ’ s and groom’ s wrists, and10 a candle around a circle of happily in with the wife’ s parents and may12with them up to a year, 13they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to14 , but not common. Divorced persons are15with some disapproval.Each sprouse retains16property he or she17into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is18equally. Divorced persons may remarry,but a gender prejudice19up: The divorced male doesn ’ t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of[B]on behalf of[C]as well as[D]with regard to2.[A]adapt to[B]provide for[C]compete with [D]decide on3.[A]close[B]renew[C]arrange[D]postpone4.[A]Above all[B]In theory[C]In time[D]For example5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless6.[A]into[B]within[C]from[D]through7.[A]since[B]but[C]or[D]so8.[A]copy[B]test[C]recite[D]create9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving11.[A]meeting[B]collection[C]association[D]union12.[A]grow[B]part[C]deal[D]live13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]if[D]for14.[A]obtain[B]follow[C]challenge[D]avoid15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided19.[A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clearsText 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runaways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “ incite excessive thinness〞 by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That ’ s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death-as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced,would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’ s actions, Denmark ’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “ We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. 〞 The charter ’ s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A]New runways would be constructed.[B]Physical beauty would be redefined.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22.The phrase “ impinging on 〞 (Line2, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A]heightening the value of.[B]indicating the state of.[C]losing faith in.[D]doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]New standards are being set in Denmark.[B]The French measures have already failed.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models ’ character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry ’ s Body Ideals[B]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[C]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[D]The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has hada curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside 〞alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever. 〞 It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “ a refreshing air. 〞 Hill ’s pressures later ledto the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’ t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing“off-plan 〞 building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents StirlingAckroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “ housing crisis 〞 equals “ concreted meadows〞 is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones? Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’ s most。

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。

Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

（10 points）Happy people work differently。

They’re more productive，more creative，and willing to take greater risks。

And new research suggests that happiness might influence1 firms work，too。

Companies located in place with happier people invest more，according to a recent research paper。

2 ，firms in happy places spend more on R&D（research and development）。

That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future。

The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happinesswould 5 the way companies invested。

So they compared U.S。

cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。

[考研类试卷]2016年华南理工大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2016年华南理工大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc[考研类试卷]2016年华南理工大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、Vocabulary1 If you keep on trying something, the day will come when you can do it well and with great______.（A）care（B）ease（C）tempo（D）dignity2 She______to find new stories about her homeland, making sure her American-born daughter did not grow up ignorant of Chinese culture.（A）dropped out（B）went out of her way（C）gave way（D）got down3 In the past, a woman's world usually______household work and waiting for her children and husband to come home.（A）made up（B）composed of（C）was comprised of（D）consisted of4 Domestic tourists now make up more than 90 percent of the country's totaland______two-thirds of its total tourism earnings.（A）attribute（B）contribute（C）distribute（D）dispatch5 He is a diligent and______teacher, well liked by his students.（A）voluntary（B）conscious（C）conscientious（D）hard6 The doctor tried last time to explain to the Browns that infants and young children are more ______to the effects of secondhand smoke than adults.（A）conducive（B）advantageous（C）delicate（D）vulnerable7 It is absolutely true today that college degrees have become a valuable ______ for jobseekers in the country's developing market economy.（A）asset（B）liability（C）deterrent（D）means8 She is far too______to believe these ridiculous lies.（A）sensational（B）sensitive（C）sensible（D）sensuous9 With______audiences and less financial support from government, Britain's best orchestras must find new sources of income, if they are to continue.（A）shrinking（B）captive（C）withering（D）sympathetic10 On July 1, 1997, China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, wiping out 156 years of colonial humiliation______on the Chinese nation.（A）befell（B）imposed（C）afflicted（D）leased11 Johnson______the problem in his mind for two more days before he came to a conclusion.（A）turned on（B）turned over（C）turned out（D）turned to12 Many of the works exhibited in the gallery are______, filled with energy and vitality, bright colors and unique ways of expressing ideas.（A）imaginative（B）imaginable（C）imagined（D）imaginary13 Words fail to______our feelings of great reverence for the hero.（A）imply（B）deliver（C）convey（D）contain14 China is______an ambitious plan to stimulate the domestic economy by investing in infrastructure construction , of which telecommunications are an important part.（A）undertaking（B）supervising（C）foiling（D）compiling15 I have to______time to prepare for the coming sports meet.（A）set about（B）set aside（C）set up（D）set off16 If not properly______, border issues which are always very sensitive and complicated international relations can often trigger conflicts.（A）handled（B）handing（C）handle（D）to handle17 After______seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.（A）what（B）it（C）that（D）there18 Every change of season, every change of weather ______ some change in the wonderful colors and shapes of these mountains.（A）make（B）makes（C）is making（D）are making19 There______nothing more for discussion, the meetingcame to an end half an hour earlier.（A）to be（B）to have been（C）be（D）being20 Variables such as individual and corporate behavior______nearly impossible for economists to forecast economic trends with precision.（A）make it（B）make（C）it makes（D）makes it21 Had Jane been more careful on the math exam, she______much better results now. （A）would be getting （B）could have got（C）must get（D）would get22 By the year 2030, it's estimated that more than two thirds of the world's population will be living in cities —______today.（A）twice as many as（B）as twice as many（C）as much as twice（D）as much twice as23 My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she couldwalk______far.（A）/（B）such（C）that（D）as24 Much______I like Antonia, I hated the superior tone that she sometimes took with me. （A）although（B）since（C）for（D）as25 Developing friendly ties with neighborly countries is the priority aim of this country's foreign policy and this policy will not be changed______the international situation may be.（A）whichever（B）however（C）wherever（D）whatever26 The snow leopard is a class-one endangered species, ______is the giant panda. （A）as（B）such（C）which（D）that27 Jeremy came to visit me again. It was the second time he______me that afternoon. （A）had been interrupting （B）has interrupted（C）would have interrupted（D）had interrupted28 Grace's eyes were wet with tears as she put her face______she could, gripping my left hand and stroking it.（A）as close as to mine（B）so close to mine as（C）as close to mine as（D）much so close as29 The boys in the family are old enough for______.（A）school（B）schools（C）the school（D）the schools30 Intellect is to the mind______sight is to the body.（A）as（B）what（C）like（D）that二、Reading Comprehension30 [1] T o say that the city is a central problem of American life is simply to know that increasingly the cities are American life; just as urban living is becoming the condition of man across the world. Everywhere men and women crowd into cities in search of employment, a decent living, the company of their fellows, and the excitement and stimulation of urban life.[2] Within a very few years, 80 percent of all Americans will live in cities — the great majority of them in concentrations like those which stretch from Boston to Washington, and outward from Chicago and Los Angeles and San Francisco and St. Louis. The cities are the nerve system of economic life for the entire Nation, and for much of the world.[3] And each of our cities is now the seat of nearly all the problems of American life: poverty and race hatred, stunted education and saddened lives, and the other ills of the new urban Nation — congestion and filth, danger and purposelessness —which afflict all but the very rich and the very lucky.[4] ...The city is not just housing and stores. It is not just education and employment, parks and theaters, banks and shops. It is a place where men should be able to live in dignity and security and harmony, where the great achievements of moderncivilization and the ageless pleasures afforded by natural beauty should be available to all. If this is what we want — and this is what we must want if men are to be free for that "pursuit of happiness" which was the earliest promise of the American Nation —we will need more than poverty programs, housing programs, and employment programs, although we will need all of these. We will need an outpouring of imagination, ingenuity, discipline, and hard work unmatched since the first adventurers set out to conquer the wilderness. For the problem is the largest we have ever known. And we confront an urban wilderness more formidable and resistant and in some ways more frightening than the wilderness faced by the pilgrims or the pioneers.[5] One great problem is sheer growth —growth which crowds people into slums, thrusts suburbs out over the countryside, burdens to the breaking point all our old ways of thought and action — our systems of transport and water supply and education, and our means of raising money to finance these vital services.[6] A second is destruction of the physical environment, stripping people of contact with sun and fresh air, clean rivers, grass and trees — condemning them to a life among stone and concrete, neon lights and an endless flow of automobiles. This happens not only in the central city, but in the very suburbs where people once fled to find nature. "There is no police so effective," said Emerson, "as a good hill and a wide pasture... where the boys...can dispose of their superfluous strength and spirits." We cannot restore the pastures, but we must provide a chance to enjoy nature, a chance for recreation, for pleasure and for some restoration of that essential dimension of human existence which flows only from man's contact with the naturalworld around him.[7] A third is the increasing difficulty of transportation —adding concealed, unpaid hours to the workweek, removing men from the social and cultural amenities that are the heart of the city; sending destructive swarms of automobiles across the city, leaving behind them a band of concrete and a poisoned atmosphere. And sometimes — as in Watts — our surrender to the automobile has so crippled public transport that thousands literally cannot afford to go to work elsewhere in the city.[8] A fourth destructive force is the concentrated poverty and racial tension of the urban ghetto — a problem so vast that the barest recital of its symptoms is profoundly shocking: Segregation is becoming the governing rule; Washington is only the most prominent example of a city which has become overwhelmingly Negro as whites move to thesuburbs; many other cities are moving along the same road — for example, Chicago, which, if present trends continue, will be over 50 percent Negro by 1975. The ghettoes of Harlem and Southside and Watts are cities in themselves, areas of as much as 350, 000 people.Poverty and unemployment are endemic: from one-third of the families in these areas live in poverty, in some, male unemployment may be as high as 40 percent; unemployment of Negro youths nationally is over 25 percent.Welfare and dependency are pervasive: one-fourth of the children in these ghettoes, as in Harlem, may receive Federal Aid to Dependent Children; in New York City, ADC alone costs over $ 20 million a month; in our five largest cities, the ADC bill's over $ 500 million a year.Housing is overcrowded, unhealthy, and dilapidated: the lasthousing census found 43 percent of urban Negro housing to be substandard; in these ghettoes, over 10, 000 children may be injured or infected by rat bites every year.Education is segregated, unequal, and inadequate: the high school dropout rate averages nearly 70 percent, there are academic high schools in which less than 3 percent of the entering students will graduate with an academic diploma.Health is poor and care inadequate: infant mortality in the ghettoes is more than twice the rate outside, mental retardation among Negroes caused by inadequate prenatal care is more than seven times the white rate; one-half of all babies born in Manhattan last year will have had no prenatal care at all; deaths from diseases like tuberculosis, influenza, and pneumonia are two to three times as common as elsewhere.[9] Fifth is both cause and consequence of all the rest. It is the destruction of the sense, and often the fact, of community, of human dialog, the thousand invisible strands of common experience and purpose, affection and respect which tie men to their fellows. Community is expressed in such words as neighborhood, civic pride, friendship. It provides the life-sustaining force of human warmth and security, a sense of one's own human significance in the accepted association and companionship of others.[10]/doc/5d3837163369a45177232f60ddccda 38376be1f5.html munity demands a place where people can see and know each other, where children can play and adults work together and join in the pleasures and responsibilities of the place where they live. The whole history of the human race, until today, has been the history of community. Yet, this isdisappearing, and disappearing at a time when its sustaining strength is badly needed. For other values which once gave strength for the daily battle of life are also being eroded.[11] The widening gap between the experience of the generations in a rapidly changing world has weakened the ties of family; children grow up in a world of experience and culture their parents never knew.[12] The world beyond the neighborhood has become more impersonal and abstract. Industry and great cities, conflicts between nations and the conquests of science move relentlessly forward, seemingly beyond the reach of individual control or even understanding.[13] ...But of all our problems, the most immediate and pressing, the one which threatens to paralyze our very capacity to act, to obliterate our vision of the future, is the plight of the Negro of the center city. For this plight and the riots which are its product and symptom —threaten to divide Americans for generations to come; to add to theever-present difficulties of race and class the bitter legacy of violence and destruction and fear....[14] It is therefore of the utmost importance that these hearings go beyond the temporary measures thus far adopted to deal with riots — beyond the first hoses and the billy clubs; and beyond even sprinklers on fire hydrants and new swimming pools as well. These hearings must start us along the road toward solutions to the underlying conditions which afflict our cities, so that they may become the places of fulfillment and ease, comfort and joy, the communities they were meant to be.31 According to the passage, everywhere men and women crowd into cities in searchof______.（A）employment and race hatred（B）a decent living and stunted education（C）congestion and the company of their fellows（D）the excitement and other advantages of urban life32 It can be learned that within a few years, ______of all Americans will live in concentrations like those which stretch from Boston to Washington, and outward from Chicago and other cities.（A）less than 80 percent（B）about 80 percent（C）more than 80 percent（D）none of the above33 Besides poverty, housing and unemployment programs, Americans need______to attain the kind of society they want.（A）imagination（B）ingenuity（C）discipline and hard work（D）all of the above34 According to the author, the city should be______.（A）the seat of nearly all the problems of American life（B）just houses, stores, schools, businesses, parks, and theaters（C）place where people can live in dignity and security and harmony（D）the nerve system of political, economic, cultural life for much of the world35 The major city problems discussed in the passage include all of the following EXCEPT______.（A）racial tension and the destruction of the sense ofcommunity（B）sheer growth and destruction of the physical environment（C）the difficulty of transportation and concentrated poverty（D）unpaid working hours and a poisoned atmosphere36 The most prominent example of a city which has become overwhelmingly Negro is______.（A）New York（B）San Francisco（C）Chicago（D）Washington37 Which of the following statement is NOT true?（A）20 percent of the children in ghettos may receive Federal Aid to Dependent Children.（B）Male unemployment in some areas may be as high as 40 percent.（C）43 percent of urban Negro housing is substandard.（D）In ghettos, the high school dropout rate averages nearly 70 percent.38 The reason why the plight of the Negro is the most immediate and pressing problem is that it threatens______.（A）to paralyze the American economy（B）to divide Americans for generations to come（C）to destroy the vision of the future generations（D）to use violence in overthrowing the old belief and social system39 According to the author, the sense of community chiefly means______.（A）the ties of family（B）a thousand imaginable strands（C）things which tie men to their fellows（D）the values which once gave strength for the daily battle of life40 In this selection, the author makes______work for him to order the materials so that it is easy to follow.（A）description（B）classification（C）definition（D）narration40 [1] When I first saw Pippa the cheetah, she was sitting pertly on a chair in the tearoom of the New Stanley Hotel in Nairobi. I had gone to meet her owners, an English couple who were leaving Kenya and wanted to ensure that their pet would find a good home. Pippa was wearing a harness and was able to sit at a table, looking as if she might have a soft drink through a straw. She was a thoroughly spoiled cub.[2] Eighteen months later she had returned to the wild. She was living in the Northern Frontier District where she had been born. She had learned to hunt for herself, had mated with a wild cheetah, and was raising a litter of cubs.[3] Pippa's rehabilitation to the wild required patience, perseverance, love, and the same kind of respect for her as a being that I would have offered a fellow human. I had previously shared this love and respect with Elsa the lioness, whom my husband George and I had raised as a cub. But it was not simply a matter of affection — although there was plenty of that. The rehabilitation process was important as an experiment in developing a means of trying to guarantee the survival of endangered species. The cheetah is one of these; the lion maybecome one soon.[4] I learned many things from Elsa and Pippa. They proved always to be interesting and affectionate companions. And I enjoyed the closeness to nature that the rehabilitation process required. But there were raany times when I was working with Elsa and Pippa, and there have been many times since, when I have wondered about another endangered species, a species generally as ignorant of the threat to its survival as these two cats had been. That species is man.[5] Some recent scientific, economic, and political research suggests that the curves for food demand and food supply will cross in a maximum of 60 years. By then, man's overpopulation, increasing pollution, and the diminishing food supply could threaten to end human life on our planet. Being aware of this research, I could not help wondering what steps man could take to ensure his survival. Could he, for instance, learn from animals something about birth control, inter-creature relationships, or thought communication that would help him avoid extinction?[6] Generally, the first reaction to such musings is one of astonishment. The question phrases itself. What can man, the most highly evolved species of animal life, learn from less developed creatures? Astonishment at this question itself suggests a starting place. Perhaps man needs to regain his humility — and his sense of perspective. Perhaps he should look at himself as just another experiment of nature, no more important intrinsically than the thousands of other species evolved on our planet. Man is, after all, a fairly recent development. He has lived on earth only 1. 7 million years — not a very long time compared with the 400 million years of somecreatures.[7] Man's achievements during this stay are astounding. Yet they endanger his own survival. As a result, he may disappear as have other species who became too overspecialized, or outlived their environment. Perhaps more than any other creature man is notable for his constant violations of the eternal law of living in harmony with nature. Man kills everything that competes with him for living space or food. He has irreparably damaged his environment. He has forsaken nature's basic laws, substituting for them his own man-made laws and values. He has, for example, invented money —and now he gauges success, power, and achievement almost exclusively in terms of it. He overestimates his ego and his capacities. He worships status and sacrifices fantastically for it.[8] A more rational perspective would see that all organic life is of equal importance. That every species has its role to play. That nothing survives unless it fits into the balance of nature and lives within its environment. That all life must work together to preserve life and maintain ecology.[9] But man can also learn more specifically from animals. With his research capacity he can ask himself : How were animals able to maintain the balance of nature for more than 400 million years? Once he has unlocked these secrets, he can try to apply them to his own situation.[10] What are some of these secrets? Birth control is one. Animals have very efficient means of controlling their reproduction. We who study animals have learned about it only in the last few years. We don't yet know how it works, but we do know some facts. Most antelopes, for example, can withhold their young for weeks, even months. They do this in order that birthsoccur with the arrival of the rains, the availability of grazing, and the mothers' adequate supply of milk for the young.[11] Elephants seem able to adjust their reproduction in somewhat the same way. On the Victoria Nile, for instance, one bank is extremely eroded; it provides barely enough food for the elephants living there. The opposite bank, on the other hand, is quite well covered with vegetation. Observations indicate that elephants on the grassy bank calve every four years, while those on the eroded bank do so only every nine.[12] My own observations of Elsa and Pippa have revealed some most interesting facts. These cats come into season every five to seven weeks. Once the first litter has been born, they have the capacity to produce a new litter every three and a half months, and some zoo-confined lionesses actually do produce litters this of-ten. But in their natural state, females of these species will not let a male near them — let alone mate with him — while they are engaged in rearing their young to complete independence. Among lions this period lasts two years; among cheetahs it is about seventeen and a half months.[13] When Pippa lost two litters to predators a few days after their birth, she instantly looked for a mate and conceived despite the fact she had hardly recovered from giving birth. Knowing that her unfortunate cubs did not need her anymore, she lost no time in starting a new litter. This also happened with a lioness I knew.[14] Judging from this behavior, I can only assume that some kind of psychological block stops mother lions and cheetahs from wanting to mate while they are preoccupied with training their young.[15] Another secret of animals' survival is telepathy. This sense has become atrophied in man, but a definite thought-communication functions in animals. Elsa the lioness frequently sensed when George and I intended to visit her camp, even though it lay 180 miles from our home in Isiolo. On most occasions when we made our irregular visits she was waiting for us. By following her spoor we discovered that she had sometimes walked 50 or 60 miles to meet us.[16] The same thing happened when I took Elsa's two sisters to Nairobi to be flown to the Rotterdam zoo. Elsa stayed behind with George in Isiolo 180 miles away. He did not know when I was coming back; no person knew. But Elsa knew. On the morning of my return she sat down in the entrance drive and would not budge until I arrived in the evening.[17] I have known this kind of thought-communication with the animals with whomI've lived. When Elsa died, I woke in the night, knowing what had happened, even thoughI was several hundred miles away. The same thing occurred later with one of Pippa's cubs.[18] I don't possess this sensitivity with my own kind. I feel far more in tune with what is going on when I am in the bush than when I am in London or Nairobi. We don't know much yet about this telepathy —from which gland it comes, or how it works. But if men could reawaken or cultivate it in themselves, and then cooperate by trusting each other, rather than fearing and treating one another suspiciously, the world would be a far better place.[19] Another secret of the animals is embodied in a basic law of nature which men often ignore. Every animal has around him a security zone. Within that zone he feels safe. Simple observation shows what happens to creatures whose sense ofadequate living space has been consistently violated, and who have thus become degenerate. You only have to go to a zoo. There you find animals sitting like prisoners, tucked so close togetherthat it is not surprising they become frustrated and sometimes so tense that they try to break out. Then they have to be destroyed.[20] When people see animals in this condition, they get the impression that the animals are either dangerous and aggressive or, if they have fallen into a state of utter despair, that they are lethargic or stupid. But animals that I have known in their natural state are never like this. This illustrates why zoos — even the best zoos — cannot solve the problem of recovering a healthy survival number of presently endangered species.[21] The security-zone sense, the need for adequate living space, is not limited to wild animals. Men once possessed it as well. But now our awareness of it has grown so faint that four or five people can live together in one room, a situation which repeatedly occurs in overcrowded slums. People living in these conditions often become aggressive —sometimes even criminal — for the same reason that animals do in zoos.[22] Man-made values account not only for man's reduced awareness of his own security zone. They have also impaired a whole range of relationships which nature had placed in proper perspective. One of these, referred to earlier, is mating. Another is the relationship of mother to young. So many modern human mothers these days prefer to have jobs and put their children in day-care centers or kindergartens, rather than look after them. In nature this happens only in perverted cases. I have watched many animal mothers with their young. They are devoted to them andtend them with affection — and discipline. But they don't overdo it. Elsa and Pippa loved their cubs, but they also kept strict behavior. There was no nonsense about it.[23] Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet. If he wants to survive — which he can do only if all other forms of life around him survive as well — he simply has to see himself as no more important than his fellow creatures. Since man has a higher intelligence than most animals, he is responsible for insuring their survival and thus maintaining life on our planet.[24] I personally doubt that man can recover his original relationship with all other forms of life unless he reappraises his man-made values, returns again to the rules of nature, and then accepts and obeys them.41 The main idea of this article is that______.（A）people can teach animals how to survive（B）people can learn survival techniques from animals（C）animals can survive in the wild after living in zoos（D）animals can learn from man how to live in tune with nature42 In the sentence "But it was not simply a matter of affection..." (paragraph 3) , "it" refers to______.（A）respect（B）survival means（C）patience, perseverance and love（D）Pippa's rehabilitation to the wild43 In paragraph 6, it is implied, but not directly stated, that______.（A）man has not lived on the earth very long compared to some other creatures （B）man should look at himself as justanother experiment of nature（C）man thinks he can learn something from animals（D）man thinks he is more important than other animals44 In paragraph 7, the writer gives examples of______.（A）how man destroys the balance in nature（B）how man will survive in the future（C）how man uses his environment constructively（D）how man kills animals for food45 The subject of paragraphs 10, 11, 12, 13, and 46 is______.（A）Elsa and Pippa（B）Elephants on the Victoria Nile。

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百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！
1
2016年华南师范大学英语语言文学基础
英语翻译写作日语考研真题（完整版）
凯程首发

刚考完2016考研初试，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答
题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，所考专业课难度与往年相当，答题
的时候非常顺手，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。考研分笔
试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。如果需要复试的帮助，同学们
可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程老师把专业的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考研的同
学使用，本试题凯程首发!
日语（240）
问题1，看汉字选日语。1分x15个
问题2，看日语选汉字。1分x15个
问题3，语法单选题。1分x20个
问题4，阅读4篇。2分x10个。
问题5，翻译5句。2分x5个。
问题6，写作，题目：私の大切な人。20分x1篇。350～450字，少于或超出都会扣分。

问题1、问题2一共考了30个词，可以很负责任地说，有9个词是旧版初级上下里面
影子都木有的。另外一些就算课本没有也大概可以猜出来，或者看日常积累够不够吧。虽然
往年经验都说初级上下足以应付，事实告诉我们只背初级单词是不够的！
初级范围内的词汇考了像，宿舍，建筑物，亲切，温柔，就业，庆祝，新入社，社会人，
困难，狭窄之类的，可以体会一下考察的定位大概是怎样。
生词的话，有“岸”、“湖”、“改札口”、“偶然”这些出自哪里就不知道了，可能
是中级？有知道的朋友希望提醒一下…………
问题3，文法选择题，在三级和四级的语法之内。
问题4一共有四篇短文。一篇关于日本室内文化，一篇速冻食品，一篇关于人的创造力，
一篇关于日本社会的女性地位。
篇幅都不长的，不过四篇的问题的形式有纯文意提问、划线部分是什么意思、或者文章
空一处要你选以下填哪个进去里最合适。新版课后练习册都有类似练习。
问题5，三句中文翻译成日语，
1你认识那个穿红毛衣，蓝裤子的外国人吗？
2不爱学习不可以。
3来之前请打电话通知我。
两句日语翻译成中文。
句子都比中文的长，要堤防里面有生词的出现。
问题6，被那句字数限制吓到了，我几乎写超了，一直在涂……尽量把学了的语法都用
进去。
跟2015的日语回忆题型对比一下，变动不算大……除了翻译：去年是一段话只要日译
百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！
2
中，今年是5句话，而且是双向都有了，不晓得明年会怎样，翻译和作文估计是常驻了

翻译与写作（709）
I. 英译中，是一本书的推介，长度在300字左右。30分
II. 中译英，居然是政治相关内容，大概有中国建国以来的巨大变化，2008年一天生产
的财富就超过了1952一整年的量，然后党带领大家建设小康社会，还有最后一段是讲中英
双边合作。加在一起的长度应该也是350个汉字的样子。30分
III. 古诗翻译，相见欢by李煜。15分
IV. 写作，一句话材料，theres noauthentic，trustworthy history，因为关于历史的观点太
subjective.biase. 不少于300字，35分
V. 写作，读一篇英语新闻，河北一母亲因女儿学习成绩太差而对其施暴，致其死亡，
新闻自己本身也进行了一些探讨。
比起第一篇，可以立意的角度还挺多的。然后发表自己的发表见解，自拟题目，不少于
300字。40分

记得同学说，去年是中-英x3，英-中x3，作文x3还有热词翻译x10，今年题量看起来
是少了！而且万幸！没有考语言学！不过热门的文学没有考，出了政治，考查范围，相当跳
跃啊。

基础英语（809）
Part 1.阅读45分
一共是三篇阅读，每篇有8个选择+1个简答题。按题量来算选择应该是1.5一个，简
答是3分一个。
第一篇环境相关，第二篇教学相关，第三篇审美相关。
Part 2.改错30分
一共是两篇改错，一篇七个空，一篇八个空。
第一篇讲儿童的学习天赋，第二篇是语言学相关的。
Part 3.完形填空20分
只有一篇，20个空，近年来蓝领工人的变化。高考题既视感。非常注重连词和介词的
搭配，也就是重基础，华师的考查重点。

Part 4.选词填空15分
一整段话200字左右就15个空，所以空挖的挺密集的。高中的词汇量，不会像其他真
题集专八选词填空那么恐怖，重点在于：变形要正确。
Part 5.文化三大题40分
1填空10个10分
2判断10个10分
就是那两本指定书目的课后习题。今年是考了英国和美国。比较集中的范畴在政治，宗
教，教育。
3简答题2题20分，每题用50～100字回答
第一题，伊丽莎白时期戏剧在英国文学中的地位？写出该时期的代表人物和他们的代表
作？
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3
第二题，美国宗教和政治之间的关系？以及美国宗教的特点？