CHAPTER3 Section 5
秘书英语参考答案
Keys to ExercisesPart I Spoken English for SecretaryChapter OneSection 1I1. Excuse me, can I help you?2. Would you please give me your business card?3. Would you please have a seat and wait for a moment?4. Let me call Mr. Brown and tell him you're here.5. I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.6. Mr. Brown will be here and meet you very soon.7. Please go to his office now. The lift is right here.8. The manager is not available now. Can you make it another day?9. I'll make a note of the time and ask the manager to confirm it.10. Would you please sign your name here on the sign-board? / Would you please sign thevisitor’s book?II1. I've made an appointment with the marketing manager Mr. Wang at 10:00 am.2. Mr. Wang is waiting for you.3. This way, please.IIIA: Good morning, Mr. Bush. Nice to see you.B: Nice to see you, too . Lucy, is Mr. Zhang available now?A: I'm sorry, Mr. Bush. Mr. Zhang isn't in the office at this moment. Would you please wait for a moment?B: When will he be here?A: He called me just now and said that he would be back in a quarter.B: Ok. I'll be here waiting for him.A: Mr. Bush, how about a drink while you're waiting?B: Good idea. I'd like a cup of black coffee, please.A: Here's the coffee and the catalogue of our latest products.B: Thank you.Section 2I1. Warmly welcome!2. Please go right ahead. Here're our latest products.3. This is name card of our company. And we offer you with a catalogue of the newest productsfor reference.4. Could you please leave your contact number so that we can provide you with the latestinformation in time ?5. I'd like to give you a general introduction to our new products.6. I'd like to introduce Mr. Lin, our sales manager.7. Excuse me , are you here for the World Trade Company's annual meeting?8. Have you registered in advance, sir?9. The meeting agenda is included in the meeting packet.10. Y ou're most welcome. That's what I'm here for.II1. I don't see your name on the list.2. I'm afraid you have got the wrong place.3. I'm sorry to have troubled you.IIIA: Good morning, sir. What can I do for you?B: Good morning. I'd like to have a look at the Fair Forum Hall, please.A: It's on the 3rd floor, west corridor.B: Thank you. Is the forum going right away?A: Y es, sir. Y ou're welcome to join them. This way, please.B: How long will it last for this morning?A: About 3 hours. Here's the schedule of the forum.B: Thanks. What's the main topic of this conference?A: It's about the Global Challenges in Economy.B: Wonderful.Section 3I1. Excuse me, but I think you are Mr. Brown?2. How do you do, Mr. Wilson? I'm Daisy Lin, secretary of Beijing machinery Import &Export Corporation. General manager Mr. Li asked me to meet you at the airport.3. Some other business held him back, so Mr. Li asked me to come in his place.4. Our general manager Mr. Y ang came to meet you in person. Please allow me to introduce himto you.5. It's my first visit to China. Thank you so much for meeting me at the airport.6. Our car is waiting over there. May I help you with your baggage?7. How about the flight? Y ou must be tired after the long trip.8. Just a little jet-lag. I'm not accustomed to the new time.9. Could I take you straight to your hotel?10. I hope you'll enjoy your stay here.II1. I'm the secretary of Dalian Import and Export Corporation.2. I had a long flight but I'm doing well.3. It's very kind of you to come and meet me at the airport.IIIA: Excuse me, but are you Mr. Brown from the United States?B: Y es, I am.A: Nice to meet you, Mr. Brown. Welcome to Shanghai. I'm Leo Y ou, secretary of Shanghai Textiles Import and Export Corporation.B: Nice to meet you, too. But I'm afraid I don't know Shanghai Textiles Import and Export Corporation.A: Really? Aren't you Tom Brown from Washington?B: No, I'm Jim Brown from New Y ork.A: I'm sorry. Please forgive my carelessness. I've got the wrong person.B: Never mind.Chapter TwoSection 1I1. How may I direct your call?2. Please do me the favor to put the phone call through to my client.3. I’d like to speak to Green.4. One moment, please. I’m putting you through to the manager’s office.5. Mr. Wang is no longer with our company. All his calls will be handled by his assistant.6. Please do me the favor to transfer my call to the complaints department in your company.7. To tell you the truth, my supervisor and I don’t get along very well.8. Could you tell me how to spell your name, please?9. I am sorry, he is very busy. He can’t answer your telephone call.10. I’d like to make a collect call.II1. How may I direct your call?2. speak to Miss Tang from Human Resources Department3. May I ask who is speaking?4. This is Sophie calling.5. Can I ask how to spell your name, please?6. OK, I’ll put you through to his office.IIIA: Hello.B: Hello. May I help you?A: I’d like to know the flight number of American Southwest Airlines which will arrive at the Shanghai Pudong International Airport this afternoon.B: I am afraid you will have to talk to their agent at the airport.A: Would you mind putting me through to the agent?B: All right. Please hold on. I’ll transfer the call for you.…OK, it’s through now.C: Hello.A: Hello. Is that American Southwest Airlines?C: Y es. May I help you?A: I’d like to know the flight number of American Northwest Airlines which is arriving at the Pudong International Airport today?C: Oh, it’s NW 6256.A: What exact time is it, please?C: It’s 5:05 pm.A: Thank you very much.C: Y ou’re welcome.Section 2I1. Peter is busy on another line. Could I take a message for him?2. I am afraid that Lily is not available. She is meeting a very important customer.3. I will tell her as soon as she comes back.4. Do you want to leave a message? The general manager is on business trip now.5. Would you mind taking a message for me?6. I’m his secretary. Shall I ask him to call you back?7. I’m very busy now. I will let my secretary to leave a message for me.8. Please tell him that there’s an important meeting tomorrow afternoon.9. Please take the trouble to put my telephone message on his table.10. Please leave your message after the tone. I’ll get back to you as soon as I can.II1. May I speak to the Chairman?2. Sorry, he is not in .3. Would you please take the trouble to leave a message for me?4. I’ll get him informed as soon as he comes back.IIIA: Hello, is that Mr. Smith’s office?B: Y es, this is his secretary Joyce speaking. May I ask who is speaking then?A: This is Susan speaking. I’m Mr. Smith’s client. Is Mr. Smith in ?B: I’m sorry he’s at a very important meeting with the Chairman of the Board of Directors.A: Would you please take a message for me?B: No problem.A: Would you please tell him I’ll visit him at his office early tomorrow morning, say 9:00 am? Is that OK?B: All right. Anything else?A: Nothing else. Thank you. Bye-bye.B: Y ou’re welcome. Bye.Section 3I1. I’m afraid that the telephone number you dialed is wrong.2. We don’t have the person you are looking for here.3. What number have you dialed?4. We don’t have anyone by that name here in our company.5. I’m terribly sorry, but I must have dialed the wrong telephone number.6. I think the person you are looking for has the same family name but has the different givenname.7. Sorry, I don’t know that person.8. There's no one named Anna here．9. Are you sure you have the right name？10. I suggest you look in the phone directory.II1. Could I speak to George?2. there is no one by that name here3. Y ou must have dialed the wrong number.4. I’m terribly sorry.IIIA: Good morning.B: Good morning, may I help you?A: I’d like to speak to your manager.B: Manager? Who do you want to speak to?A: I want to speak Mr. Jeff White from the purchasing department.B: Mr. Jeff White. I’m afraid there is no one by that name here. Perhaps you have made a wrong call. This is a hospital.A: I’m very sorry.B: That’s all right.Chapter ThreeSection 1I1.I’ll confirm your appointment as soon as possible.2.My boss should be with you in a minute/very soon.3.It is about the appointment with our manager.4.Could our sales manager visit you sometime this week? He could show you our newproducts.5.I’ll check the schedule and see if I can arrange an appointment for you.6.Sorry, but he is fully booked up tomorrow morning.7.The sooner, the better. How about Friday?8.What time will be convenient?9.Could I possibly make it in the afternoon?10.I’ll call you back later to arrange a new appointment.II1.I’d like to make an appointment with your manager.2.I’d like to invite your manager to a dinner.3.Tomorrow won’t do, I’m afraid,4.let you know whether he is free or not next Monday evening.IIIA: Good morning. Sunshine Company. Can I help you?B: This is Lucy Wang, Mr. Woods’ secretary. I’m sorry to say a rather pressing matter has come up which demands Mr. Woods’ attention. So he won’t be able to keep his appointment with Mr. Green this afternoon.A: Then, we should change it to another time, should we?B: Y es, please, if you wouldn’t mind. When would be a convenient time for Mr. Green?A: I wonder if Mr. Woods can come on Thursday morning? Mr. Green is off for a whole day. B: Unfortunately, Mr. Woods is tied up all day on Thursday. Other than that he’s got a fairly clear week though.A: Well, how about next Tuesday?B: Y es, Mr. Woods is free then?A: At what particular time will Mr. Woods come to see Mr. Green?B: 2:30 in the afternoon. OK?A: OK. Let’s fix it then.B: And could you please convey our apologies to Mr. Green?A: With pleasure.Section 2I1.Are there any rooms vacant? I’d like to book a single room for two nights for Mr. Baker.2.Which airlines would you like to take?3.Have you got a room overlooking the sea?4.Is there any chance to book a table by window?5.I’ll be checking out on next Wednesday morning.6.Okay, I’ll make the reservation right away.7.I’d like to buy a non-stop ticket to Beijing, please.8.I’d like economy class.9.Please reserve a table for three in the name of our company.10.Sorry, all the double rooms have been booked up.II1.Can I help you2.make a reservation3.what is your destination4.And when do you plan to travel?5.Do you have any flights in the morning?6.I prefer the earlier flight7.Will that be first class or economy class ?8.There are some seats still available.IIIA: Good morning, Grand Hotel. Can I help you?B: I’d like to reserve a room for one night for Mr. Williams.A: Would you like a single or a double room?B: Please reserve a single room.A: Y es, that will cost five hundred Hong Kong dollars.B: Please debit the account to ABC Company.A: Alright. Thank you.Section 3I1.Would you mind calling back around three in the afternoon?2.I’d like to have the phone number of Bluesky Theater.3.I want to confirm an appointment with Mr. Smith at 4:00 pm today.4.Could you please send a car to the Garden Hotel?5.We are going to Pudong International Airport.6.I think I’ll make it to your office by around 3:30.7.I’m calling to ask you to attend a press conference at 3 o’clock this afternoon.8.Our office is a 5 minutes’ walk from Xinzhu Station.9.Can you give me a quotation for building a garage?10.Our clients are very critical on quality.II1．I want to confirm my ticket.2．I had a reservation on Flight PA 916 for London,3．Now I’d like to make a change of my travel schedule.4．Do you have a seat available on the same flightIIIA: Good morning. May I speak to Mr. Karl, please?B: Speaking.A: Mr. Karl, This is Kelly Y an, secretary of the Pacific Machinery Company. We have worked out a copy of itinerary for you and your friends. Have you received it by DHL?B: Y es.A: If you have any questions on the details, feel free to ask.B: Oh, it’s a very good one. I can see you have put a lot of time into it.A: Thank you. We really wish you’ll have a pleasant stay here.B: By the way, Miss Y an. I wonder if it is possible to arrange shopping for us.A: Y es, of course. I’m wondering what time would be most convenient for you.B: How about the day before the end of our visit?A: OK. I’ll arrange the shopping in the schedule.B: It’s very kind of you.A: It’s my pleasure. And we’ve arranged for a car to pick you up at half past eleven. Will you be ready and wait for us in the lobby?B: OK. Thank you.A: Y ou’re welcome.Chapter FourSection 1I.1. I'd like to book a meeting room for 50 attendees on March 3.2. Is everything going well for tomorrow's meeting?3. There were a few bugs with the slide projector but they've all been taken care of.4. I'm proofreading the agenda, and I'll have it typed out right away.5. I wonder if you're available for the meeting to be held next Friday morning.6. I have given all the participants informal notice of the meeting by telephone.7. Y ou'd better double-check all the audio-visual aids, just to make sure.8. Let's set the meeting agenda once and for all.9. I've put the minutes book and some spare copies of the agenda on the desk.10. I've come to tell you that you'll take the minutes for this afternoon meeting.II1. It's about the investment in the real estate.2. We'll be greatly honored if you attend the meeting.3. I'm to go on a business trip tomorrow.4. I hope you'll have a nice journey.IIIA: Mr. Smith, I think we're ready to attend the conference.B: Well, don't forget the presentation.A: OK. I have it put on a removable disk and write a CD.B: Good. Please show me the schedule for our stay in Guangzhou.A: Here you are.B: I'd like you to set up a meeting with Mr. Ford of Guangzhou Ideal Computer Corporation during our first day in Guangzhou.A: I'll get right on it. By the way, the weather forecast says there is a sudden drop in temperature by 10ºC in Guangzhou in the following days. Please take some warm clothes.B: Thank you. Y ou're so thoughtful.A: With pleasure.Section 2I1. Please check the seating arrangements and the supply of drink.2. No ashtrays are available because of a non-smoking policy.3. Make sure required microphones are plugged in and working properly.4. The tea break is from 3:00pm to 3:30pm.5. Should I write down every word that everyone says?6. Y ou just make a note of the topics that are discussed and the result of the discussion.7. I'm sorry. There is something wrong with the loudspeaker. I'll have it replaced at once.8. Mr. Brown, here's the name-list of those who have submitted apologies for absence.9. Mr. Chairman, Dr. Martin would like to make his presentation in the morning instead ofafternoon.10. Mr. chairperson, I want to make a motion.II1. because double the expected number of people came to the meeting2. by re-arranging the seating setup in the conference room3. We'll make it as soon as possible.IIIA: Excuse me, Mr. Ford. There's a phone message for you .B: Well. Who's it from?A: A gentleman named Mr. Stone called from the Garden Hotel.B: What did he say?A: He called and asked you to call him back.B: I see.A: Mr. Stone says it's urgent. He stays at the Garden Hotel, Room 808.B: Garden Hotel. But I don't have the number of the Garden Hotel. Do you happen to have the number?A: Y es, I have got it from the Information. Here you are.B: Thank you.A: Y ou're most welcome.Section 3I1. Mr. Smith, here's the minutes of the meeting for your confirmation.2. It's an important meeting. Please prepare the accurate and detailed minutes according to thetape-recording and your draft minutes at the meeting.3. Please cut off something that doesn't make much sense in the minutes.4. Because of good preparations, the conference is of great success.5. I've made up a deficiency list of the conference.6. The participants speak highly of the meeting according to their feedback in the questionnaire.7. Please manage to make the post-conference entertainment colorful and attractive.8. Please show guests around our new plant after the meeting.9. Mrs. Smith is interested in Shaoxing Opera. Please accompany her to the theater.10. Mr. General manager, please don't forget to see Mr. Smith off at the hotel at 2:30pm.II1. Are you satisfied with our service for the conference?2. Would you please help me to fill in the form?3. Hope to see you again at the next meeting.IIIA: I'd like to thank you for your hard work and good preparations. We have completed all of the items on our agenda and all the participants have had a deep impression of our efficiency and hospitality.B: It's so kind of you. But there're still minor deficiencies. I’ve made up a list of any items that we have overlooked for the conference.A: That's good. It'll be helpful to better us for the next meeting.B: Y es. For example, we didn't know the foreign guests like traditional Chinese refreshments so much. I felt embarrassed when some guests asked for more refreshments during the tea break. A: We should take everything into consideration while making preparations for a conference. B: Y ou're right. I'll keep it in my mind.Chapter FiveSection 1I1. I’m wondering if you could help me.2. I need to be away for a week.3. Something urgent has happened and I must handle it immediately.4. We’ve got a bit of a crisis on staff in Mr. Parker’s office.5. I expect you’ll manage.6. Is it his responsibility?7. What you have said is what I want to say.8. We sent you the letter by mistake.9. How can we deal with the problem to your satisfaction?10. Thank you for your understanding.II1.I have some secretarial work that needs to be done.2.There won’t be a problem.3.Here is the mail address.4.When would you like them to be mailed?5.this afternoon would be fine.IIIA: Jane, I need to be away for two days. Something urgent has come up and I must handle it immediately.B: But Mr. Green, director of Guangzhou Computer Corporation, is coming this afternoon.A: I know. Y ou can receive him in my place.B: Is it proper?A: It’s not a problem. Mr. Green might discuss the details about the joint program with us. If he does, please write down his proposals. I’ll read them when I return.B: No problem.A: Please call my cell phone if something important comes up.B: Y es, I see.Section 2I1. I would like you to deal with a letter.2. Would you like the letter typed or handwritten?3. Don’t forget to polish it a bit before typing.4. Shall I sign the letter in your name?5. These letters should be mailed by registered express airmail.6. Did you look up those files I requested?7. Y ou can start by telephoning Mary and asking her to send up some brochures and price-lists.8. Can you print out before 12 o’clock? I’m in bad need of it.9. The trouble is that I don’t know anything about these documents.10. Are you sure you haven’t seen the missing file?II1.Please send a letter to Shanghai Import & Export Company2.Whom shall I send this letter to?3.When would you like it mailed?4.I’ll have it printed immediately.5.Please enclose their proposal with the letter.IIIA: Jane, could you come in for a while?B: Sure, sir.A: Please send a letter to XYZ Company asking them about the delays in their payment. If there is no reply in a week, write them a demand letter.B: All right. To whom shall I send this letter?A: Mr. Smith, their Managing Director.B: All right, I’ll have it done immediately.A: Thank you.Section 3I1. We’ll send someone to your office to repair it.2. Did you check the computer before buying?3. Could you check it again to be certain it is missing.4. I’ll have someone deliver the missing units to you tomorrow.5. We were billed for the same service twice.6. Whose fault is this damage?7. I’ll tell you as soon as possible.8. We are responsible for the accident.9. There won’t be such things again.10. What you said didn’t coincide with what you did.II1. I’d like to speak to your manager.2. What can I do for you?3. but it doesn’t work today.4. The computer is on,5. I would prefer if he comes here.IIIA: Good morning, sir. Is there anything I can do for you?B: Good morning. I’d like to speak to your manager.A: Our manager is out. What can I do for you?B: The goods we received don’t coincide with your sample.A: Really? There haven’t been such things with us before.B: Here’s your product.A: Oh, I got it. I’ll contact the sales manager now. I’m sorry, and we’re responsible for the mistake.B: Do something about it.A: We’ll exchange all the merchandise that falls short of our sample.B: I hope there won’t be such things again.Part II Documents WritingChapter OneSection 1I1. executive2. enquiry3. assure4. dissolve5. is situated in6. establish7. favourable8. comprehensive9. was removed10. stockII1. 图书馆自2008年3月1日起开放时间如下。
美国标准AASHTO中文版汇总
美国标准AASHTO中文版汇总NumberAASHTO LRFD SEIS section 1 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 2 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 3 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 4 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 5 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 6 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 7 AASHTO LRFD SEIS section 8 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 1 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 2 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 3 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 4 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 5 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 6 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 7 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 8 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 9 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 10 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 11 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 12 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 13 AASHTO LRFD DUS section 14 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 1 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 2 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 3 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 4 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 5 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 6 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 7 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 8 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 9 AASHTO GDHS-5 Chapter 10 AASHTO GDPS-4 Part 1 AASHTO GDPS-4 Part 2 AASHTO GDPS-4 Part 3 AASHTO GDPS-4 Part 4 AASHTO HDG CHAPTER 14:2007AASHTO M 152M/M 152:2011AASHTO M 170M:2014AASHTO M 199M/M 199:2014AASHTO M 242M/M 242:2014AASHTO M 273M:2011AASHTO M 315M:2009AASHTO PP63:2009(R2014)AASHTO T 24M/T 24:2007(2010)AASHTO M 6:2008AASHTO M 31M/M 31:2010AASHTO M 32M/M 32:2009AASHTO M 43:2005AASHTO M 45:2006AASHTO M 57:1980AASHTO M 80:2008AASHTO M 86M/M 86:2009AASHTO M 114:2010AASHTO M 145:1991 AASHTO M 146:1991 AASHTO M 147:1965 AASHTO M 169:2009 AASHTO M 179:1984 AASHTO M 183M-183M:1998 AASHTO M 194:2012 AASHTO M 205:2011 AASHTO DDPG 1:2003 AASHTO EMS 1:2004 AASHTO EMS 2:2004 AASHTO ESC:2004AASHTO GSBR:1989AASHTO GSDPB:2009 AASHTO GSW 4:2004 AASHTO GTN:1993AASHTO HDG CHAPTER 11:2007 AASHTO HWPD:1990AASHTO M 249:2012 AASHTO M 268:2013 AASHTO PG 02:2006 AASHTO PG 06:2007 AASHTO PG 13:2009 AASHTO R 20:1999AASHTO RSDG 4:2011-11-12 AASHTO WL:2009MDT chapter 08AASHTO M 208:2001 AASHTO M 225M/M 225:2009 AASHTO M 247:2011 AASHTO R 5:2008AASHTO R 18:2010AASHTO R 39:2007AASHTO R 50:2009AASHTO T 2:1991AASHTO T 21:2005AASHTO T 23:2008AASHTO T 26:1979AASHTO T 27:2011AASHTO T 32:2010AASHTO T 40:2002AASHTO T 44:2003AASHTO T 48:2006AASHTO T 49:2007AASHTO T 51:2009AASHTO T 53:2011AASHTO T 59:2012AASHTO T 74—1986 AASHTO T 85:2010 AASHTO T 88:2010AASHTO T 89:2010AASHTO T 90:2000AASHTO T 96:2002AASHTO T 99:2010AASHTO T 106M/T 106:2012 AASHTO T 112:2000 AASHTO T 113-2006?AASHTO T 119M/T 119:2011 AASHTO T 126:2001 AASHTO T 127:2011AASHTO T 129:2012AASHTO T 131:2010AASHTO T 141:2011AASHTO T 166:2012AASHTO T 167:2010AASHTO T 176:2008AASHTO T 180:2010AASHTO T 191:2002AASHTO T 197M/T 197:2011 AASHTO T 198:2009AASHTO T 199:2000AASHTO T 201:2010AASHTO T 204:1990AASHTO T 224:2010AASHTO T 231:2005AASHTO T 256:2001AASHTO T 280:2006AASHTO HB-17:2002AASHTO S1AASHTO LRFDCONS-3-I2 AASHTO COMMENTARIES-2002 AASHTO M 203M/M 203-12 AASHTO M 204M/M 204-06(2010) AASHTO M 275M/M 275-08 AASHTO T 19M/T 19-09 AASHTO T 84-13AASHTO T 97-10AASHTO T 121M/T 121-12 AASHTO T 132-87 (2009) AASHTO T 134-05 (2009) AASHTO T 135-13AASHTO T 164-11AASHTO T 182-84（2002）AASHTO T 209-12AASHTO T 228-09AASHTO T 230-68 (2000) AASHTO T 269-11Title美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第一部分：引言美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第二部分：定义和符号美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第三部分：一般要求美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第四部分: 分析与设计要求美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第五部分: 分析模型与方法美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第六部分: 基础和支承设计美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第七部分: 钢结构构件美国国家公路与运输协会载荷系数法抗震公路桥梁设计规范第八部分: 钢筋混凝土构件美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第一章：概述美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第二章：总体设计和桥位特征美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第三章：荷载及荷载系数美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第四章：结构分析及评价美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第五章：混凝土结构美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第六章：钢结构美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第七章：铝结构美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第八章：木结构美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第九章：桥面与桥面系美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第十章：基础美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第十一章：桥台、桥墩和挡土墙美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第十二章：埋置式结构和隧道衬砌美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第十三章：栏杆美国国家公路与运输协会荷载系数法公路桥梁设计规范第十四章：接缝和支座美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第1部分：公路功能美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第2部分：设计控制和标准美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第3部分：设计的组成美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第4部分：横断面元件美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第5部分：地方道路和街道美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第6部分：汇集道路和街道美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第7部分：农村和城市干线美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第8部分：高速公路美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第9部分：交叉美国国家公路与运输协会公路与城市道路的路线设计第10部分：分离式立交和互通式立交美国国家公路与运输协会路面结构设计指南第1部分：路面设计与管理原则美国国家公路与运输协会路面结构设计指南第2部分：新建路面或重建路面的设计步骤美国国家公路与运输协会路面结构设计指南第3部分：现有路面修复的路面设计步骤美国国家公路与运输协会路面结构设计指南第4部分：机械实证设计方案涵洞检查、材料选择和修复指南在水凝水泥试验中使用流动试验台的标准规范钢筋混凝土涵洞、雨水排水管和污水管标准规范（米制）预制钢筋混凝土人孔部段标准规范D-荷载等级钢筋混凝土涵洞、雨水排水管和污水管标准规范承受公路载荷的盖板小于0.6 m的涵洞、雨水排水管和污水管用预制钢筋混凝土箱型截面的标准规范（米制）使用橡胶垫圈的圆形混凝土污水管和涵洞管接头的标准规范[米制] 公路涵洞和雨水排水管管道接口选择的标准规程混凝土钻芯和锯梁的获取和试验的标准试验方法水硬水泥混凝土用细集料的标准规程用于沥青铺设混合料的细集料标准规程混凝土配筋用变形钢筋和光面碳素钢筋标准规程混凝土配筋用光面钢丝标准规程路桥施工用集料尺寸的标准规程圬工砂浆用集料的标准规程路堤和路基用材料的标准规程水硬性水泥混凝土用粗集料的标准规程无钢筋混凝土污水管、雨水管和涵管的标准规程建筑用砖（黏土或页岩制作实心砌块）的标准规程乳化沥青的标准规程用于公路施工的土及土集料混合物分类的标准规程与路基、土—集料和填料相关的术语标准规程集料和土—集料底基层、基层和面层用材料的标准规程冷加工碳素钢和合金钢的标准规程黏土排水瓦管的标准规程结构钢的标准规程混凝土用化学添加剂的标准规程垂直形成混凝土试验管柱用模具的标准规程设计图纸介绍指引制定环境管理系统的案例EMS，一座组织协调和交流的桥梁环境管理竞赛最佳实践桥梁栏杆规范指南人行天桥设计的LRFD指导性规范车辆重量与尺寸指南；第四次修订本交通噪音评估与消除指南，第三次修订本公路沿海岸带和lakeshores -第4版第11章沿海和沿湖地区的高速公路项目开发的有害废物指南白、黄热塑反射塑胶条标准规范交通控制用逆向反光板标准规范从业者手册 02 对环境影响报告意见的回复从业者手册 06 根据《国家历史保护法》第106 节规定进行协商从业者手册 13 交通部开发和实施雨水管理项目高速公路噪音测试程序标准规程第11章在街道和公路上安装信箱第12章低车流量公路街道的路侧安全道路作业设备警示灯的选择与应用指南MDT 岩土工程手册第8章地下勘探/现场试验阳离子乳化沥青的标准规程砼配筋中使用的变形钢丝的标准规程路面标记用玻璃珠的标准规程乳化沥青选择与使用的标准规程设立与实施建筑材料试验室质量管理体系的推荐实施标准试验室制作和养护混凝土试件试验的标准方法柔性路面结构集料基层的土工合成材料加筋的实施标准集料取样的试验标准方法混凝土用细集料中有机杂质的标准试验方法圆柱形混凝土试件的抗压强度的试验方法现场混凝土试样的制作与养护标准试验法混凝土用水质量的标准试验方法粗细集料筛分分析试验的标准方法砖块取样和试验的标准方法沥青材料抽样试验的标准方法测定沥青材料溶解度的标准试验方法利用克利夫兰敞杯法测定闪点和着火点的标准试验方法测定沥青材料贯入度的标准试验方法沥青材料延展性的标准试验方法沥青软化点的标准试验方法（环和球装置）乳化沥青试验的标准方法测定碳酸分量及其残渣的比重的标准试验方法粗集料的比重与吸水性标准试验法土的粒径分析标准试验方法测定土液限的标准方法测定土的塑限和塑性指数的标准试验方法利用洛杉矶磨耗试验机磨耗及冲击小尺寸粗集料以测定其抗剪切性的标准实验法使用2.5-kg (5.5-lb) 的锤以及进行305-mm (12-in.)的下落来得出土的水分密度关系的标准方法利用硫酸钠或硫酸镁完善集料试验的标准方法液压水泥砂浆的压缩性强度试验的标准方法（使用50-mm 或2-in 的立方体试样）集料中土块和易脆颗粒的标准试验方法集料中轻质片块试验的标准方法水硬性水泥混凝土坍落度的标准试验方法实验室混凝土试验样品制造和固化的标准试验方法水凝水泥的取样和试验用量的标准试验方法水硬水泥浆的标准稠度所需水含量试验的标准方法通过维卡针测定水硬水泥的凝结时间的试验方法新制混凝土取样的标准试验方法用饱和的表面干燥的试样做压实热拌沥青混合料（HMA）的毛体积比重（Gmb）试验的标准方法热拌天然沥青抗压强度试验的标准方法级配集料和土中的塑性细颗粒的试验标准方法（使用砂当量试验）用4.54 kg（10-lb）击实锤以457mm（18-in.）落高测定土水分-密度关系的标准试验方法用“砂锥法”测定原土密度的标准试验方法加州承载比的标准试验方法通过耐渗透性测定混凝土混合物固结时间的试验方法圆柱形混凝土试样劈裂拉伸强度的标准试验方法利用追踪指示器测定新制混凝土空气含量的标准试验方法测定天然沥青（人工沥青）动力粘度的标准试验方法利用传动缸法现场测定土密度的标准试验方法土压实试验中粗颗粒修正试验的标准方法压顶圆柱形混凝土试样的实施标准路面弯沉测量试验的标准方法混凝土管道、人孔部分或瓦管的标准试验方法公路桥梁标准规范美国公路桥梁设计规范荷载与抗力系数设计法桥梁施工规范第3版公路桥标准规范解读1996混凝土钢筋用无镀层的七根钢丝捻制的钢绞线标准规范预应力混凝土用无涂层除应力钢筋标准规范预应力混凝土用无涂层高强度钢筋标准规范集料的体积密度（单位重量）及孔隙度的标准试验方法细集料比重和吸收性的标准试验方法混凝土弯曲强度(用三点加载的简支梁)的标准试验方法混凝土密度（单位重量），产量和空气含量（重量计算）的标准试验方法水凝水泥砂浆的拉伸强度的标准试验方法土壤-水泥混合物湿度-密度关系的标准试验方法压实水泥和土壤混合物的干湿试验的标准试验方法从热拌沥青混凝土（HMA）中定量萃取沥青结合料的标准方法涂覆和剥离沥青混合物的标准试验方法测量热拌沥青（HMA）的理论最大比重（Gmm）和密度的标准试验方法半固体沥青材料比重的标准试验方法（比重瓶法）测量沥青集料混合物路面压实度的标准试验方法压实致密和松疏的沥青混合物中空隙百分比的标准试验方法。
Chapter 3---Geometry
By using the fact that angles at a point on a straight line add up to 180°,we can show why vertically opposite angles must always be equal in size. a+b=180°, c+b=180° Therefore, a is equal to c.
In the following graphs, what
kind of triangles could you find?
Two-dimensionalnal shapes--quadrilaterals
A
quadrilateral is any four sided, closed
Angles formed within parallel lines
When a line intersects two parallel lines, as in the diagram below, we find that certain angles are the same size.
Volume of a prism=
area of cross-section* height
Types of solids
1. prism
triangular prism
pentagonal prism
hexagonal prism
cuboid
cube
cylinder
Cuboids
A cuboid is a type of prism in which all
equal length,and four right-angled corners.
《国际贸易实务与操作》Chapter 1
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Based on the methods of entering a foreign market, international business can be classified into three broad categories: trade, intellectual property rights and international licensing agreements, and foreign direct investment.
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Government Controls over Trade Tariffs are import duties or taxes imposed on goods entering the customs territory of a nation. Nontariff barriers are all barriers to importing or exporting other than tariffs. One form of nontariff barrier is the technical barrier to trade, or product standard． Another type is export control.
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Section 1Forms of International Business
The exchange of technology and manufacturing know-how between firms in different countries through licensing agreements is known as technology transfer. Franchising is a popular form of licensing. The franchisee is allowed to use a trade name or trademark in offering goods or services to the public in return for a royalty based on a percentage of sales or other fee structure.
1医学英语的基本结构和常见词素
Possible Parts of a Medical Term More Example
ELECTR/O/ENCEPHAL/O/GRAM / 脑电图
electr/o (combining form) /在…之上
-gram （suffix）/ 记 录…的东西
encephal/o (combining form) / 脑
ACTIVITIES 课后活动
Figure out the meaning of the following terms
• 1. Explanation: What are the five possible parts of a medical term？
– 医学词汇的五个组成部分是什么？ – 答案：prefix前缀、root词根、suffix后缀、combinning vowel结合元音、combining form组合形式
electroencephalogram
结合元音的留舍规则
1. Mostly, combining vowel is an „O‟, sometimes it is an „I‟结合元音绝大多数为“o”，有时为“i”
2. There is always a combining vowel in between roots 词根之 间永远有结合元音
– enter/o = entestine /肠道（优指小肠） – -itis = inflammation / 炎症
• pancreat/itis 胰腺炎
– pancreat/o = pancreas / 胰腺
• gastr/o/enter/itis 胃肠炎（enter 开始于元音 ，为什么前面还有个结合元音？）
– sublingual [sʌb‗lɪŋgwəl] 舌下的
chapter03人工智能：一种现代方法
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Chapter 3
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Example: vacuum world
Single-state, start in #5. Solution?? [Right, Suck ] Conformant, start in {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} e.g., Right goes to {2, 4, 6, 8}. Solution?? [Right, Suck, Lef t, Suck ] Contingency, start in #5 Murphy’s Law: Suck can dirty a clean carpet Local sensing: dirt, location only. Solution?? [Right, if dirt then Suck ]
Chapter 3
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Outline
♦ Problem-solving agents ♦ Problem types ♦ Problem formulation ♦ Example problems ♦ Basic search algorithms
Chapter 3
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Problem-solving agents
Chapter 3
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Example: vacuum world
Single-state, start in #5. Solution??
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Chapter 3
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Example: vacuum world
Single-state, start in #5. Solution?? [Right, Suck ] Conformant, start in {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} e.g., Right goes to {2, 4, 6, 8}. Solution??
第三章 受精
（一）在子宫颈内的运行
1、子宫颈是精子进入 受精部位的第1个栅 栏。 2、子宫颈腺窝和皱襞 能够容纳精子成为暂 时 性贮库（精子库）,可 持续释放精子以维持 受 精部位的活精子数。 3、不能进入子宫颈的 被排出阴道外或被
（二）精子在子宫内的运行
1、主要依靠子宫的收缩实现 2、子宫的上行收缩波：致使子宫液向输卵管方向 运行，从而带动精子到达宫管连接部，这是精子 达到受精部位的第2个栅栏。
（二）精子获能的机理与去能
获能的机理：去能因子的失活。 在一些动物的精清中，有一种抗受精物质， 叫做去能因子，使去能因子失去生物学活性 就是获能（capacitation） ， 经过获能的精子，如果重新与去能因子结合 又失去受精能力，这就叫做“去能”或“失 能”（decapacitation）。 经过去能的精子在子宫及输卵管孵育后，又 可获能，这就叫做再获能。
精子通过ZP后，与卵质膜识别并激活卵膜， 膜上绒毛突起将精子抓住、包被、双方膜融合， 精子即进入卵膜内。
融合后，精子膜合并到卵膜上，并立即停止运动，头进 入卵内，卵子激活并完成成熟分裂Ⅱ，排出PB2。并为两 原核形成做准备。此时，受精第一阶段即告完成。
六、皮质反应与多精受精的阻止
Egg plasma membrane reaction and polyspermy block （一）皮质反应：当第一个精子通过卵膜后，皮质颗 粒在精子进入处与质膜融合，发生破裂和胞吐并逐渐 向卵的四周扩散，称为皮质反应。 （二）阻止多精受精 1、透明带阻止多精受精（透明带反应）：当第一个精 子进入卵子后，皮质反应的结果使ZP失去精子受体, 使随后的精卵不能识别。 2、质膜阻止多精受精（卵黄膜反应或卵黄膜封闭作 用）：当第一个精子进入卵子后，卵质膜发生变化， 不能与随后到来的精子识别与融合，从而阻止多精 子受精。
克鲁格曼国际经济学答案（英文）
Overview of Section IInternational Trade TheorySection I of the text is comprised of six chapters: Chapter 2 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Chapter 3 Specific Factors and Income Distribution Chapter 4 Resources and Trade: The Heckscher-Ohlin Model Chapter 5 The Standard Trade Model Chapter 6 Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International Trade Chapter 7 International Factor Movements T Section I Overview Section I of the text presents the theory of international trade. The intent of this section is to explore the motives for and implications of patterns of trade between countries. The presentation proceeds by introducing successively more general models of trade, where the generality is provided by increasing the number of factors used in production, by increasing the mobility of factors of production across sectors of the economy, by introducing more general technologies applied to production, and by examining different types of market structure. Throughout Section I, policy concerns and current issues are used to emphasize the relevance of the theory of international trade for interpreting and understanding our economy. Chapter 2 gives a brief overview of world trade. In particular, it discusses what we know about the quantities and pattern of world trade today. The chapter uses the empirical relationship known as the gravity model as a framework to describe trade. This framework describes trade as a function of the size of the economies involved and their distance. It can then be used to see where countries are trading more or less than expected. The chapter also notes the growth in world trade over the previous decades and uses the previous era of globalization (pre-WWI) as context for today’s experience. Chapter 3 introduces you to international trade theory through a framework known as the Ricardian model of trade. This model addresses the issue of why two countries would want to trade with each other. This model shows how mutually-beneficial trade arises when there are two countries, each with one factor of production which can be applied toward producing each of two goods. Key concepts are introduced, such as the production possibilities frontier, comparative advantage versus absolute advantage, gains from trade, relative prices, and relative wages across countries. 4 Krugman/Obstfeld • International Economics: Theory and Policy, Seventh Edition Chapter 4 introduces what is known as the classic Heckscher-Ohlin model of international trade. Using this framework, you can work through the effects of trade on wages, prices and output. Many important and intuitive results are derived in this chapter including: the Rybczynski Theorem, the Stolper-Samuelson Theorem, and the Factor Price Equalization Theorem. Implications of the Heckscher-Ohlin model for the pattern of trade among countries are discussed, as are the failures of empirical evidence to confirm the predictions of the theory. The chapter also introduces questions of political economy in trade. One important reason for this addition to the model is to consider the effects of trade on income distribution. This approach shows that while nations generally gain from international trade, it is quite possible that specific groups within these nations could be harmed by this trade. This discussion, and related questions about protectionism versus globalization, becomes broader and even more interesting as you work through the models and different assumptions of subsequent chapters. Chapter 5 presents a general model of international trade which admits the models of the previous chapters as special cases. This “standard trade model” is depicted graphically by a general equilibrium trade model as applied to a small open economy. Relative demand and relative supply curves are used to analyze a variety of policy issues, such as the effects of economic growth, the transfer problem, and the effects of trade tariffs and production subsidies. The appendix to the chapter develops offer curve analysis. While an extremely useful tool, the standard model of trade fails to account for some important aspects of international trade. Specifically, while the factor proportions Heckscher-Ohlin theories explain some trade flows between countries, recent research in international economics has placed an increasing emphasis on economies of scale in production and imperfect competition among firms. Chapter 6 presents models of international trade that reflect these developments. The chapter begins by reviewing the concept of monopolistic competition among firms, and then showing the gains from trade which arise in such imperfectly competitive markets. Next, internal and external economies of scale in production and comparative advantage are discussed. The chapter continues with a discussion of the importance of intra-industry trade, dumping, and external economies of production. The subject matter of this chapter is important since it shows how gains from trade arise in ways that are not suggested by the standard, more traditional models of international trade. The subject matter also is enlightening given the increased emphasis on intra-industry trade in industrialized countries. Chapter 7 focuses on international factor mobility. This departs from previous chapters which assumed that the factors of production available for production within a country could not leave a country’s borders. Reasons for and the effects of international factor mobility are discussed in the context of a one-factor (labor) production and trade model. The analysis of the international mobility of labor motivates a further discussion of international mobility of capital. The international mobility of capital takes the form of international borrowing and lending. This facilitates the discussion of inter-temporal production choices and foreign direct investment behavior. 。