高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit2LookingintotheFutureReadingandThi

一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)
1. Most acupuncturists have now s________ to stainless steel needles. （根据首字母单词拼写）
2. How can Foley’s wristwatch d________ signs of an irregular heartbeat?（根据首字母单词拼写）
3. In short, it refers to the activity of promoting a product or service. In other words, it tries to p__________ people to buy a product or service. （根据首字母单词拼写）
二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)
4. The players had to change their daily ________ (常规) and lifestyle.
5. The enjoyable time we spent together is now a _________ (遥远的)memory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
6. As we age, even if we are healthy, the heart just isn’t as______________(效率高的)in processing oxygen as it used to be. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)
7. Each of us is likely to develop a personal p______ (爱好；偏爱) for certain types of entertainment. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
8. We have passed all r________ (相关的) information on to the police. （根据中英文提示填空）
四、完成句子
9. He ________ a world-class musician.
他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。

10. You must work hard to acquire a________ ________of a foreign language.
你必须努力用功，才能具备良好的外语能力。

五、根据所给汉语提示填空
11. __________ (从这个意义而言) , French really is “the Latin of modern times”. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
12. The players had to change their ________ ________(日常生活) and lifestyle. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
13. Do not forget to___________ (关掉）the air-conditioning when you go to bed. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
六、句型转换
14. We can’t stop global warming just by being good in the future. We have to start being good now. （同义句转换）
→We can’t ________global warming just by being goo d in the future. We have to start being good now.
15. The boy was killed in a road accident. The boy didn’t obey the traffic rules. (用定语从句合为一句)
________________
七、汉译英（单词/短语）(翻译)
16. 汉译英
1. ___________ an event 纪念一件事
2. a famous ___________ 一位著名的诗人
3. a good ___________ 一个好收成
4. prepare ___________ with flowers准备花饰
5. ___________ for Bill 把票投给比尔
6. ___________ of skin colour 不分肤色
7. ___________ Christmas as a special time 把圣诞节视为特别时光
8. a famous ___________ 一本著名的幻想小说
9. English ___________英国文学
10. a beautiful ___________ 一个漂亮的信封
八、汉译英（整句）(翻译)
17. 然而，还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。

(before状语从句)(汉译英)
18. 与电子书相比，一些学生更喜欢纸质书籍。

(preference)(汉译英)
19. 学费十分合理，且自从我开始学习以后，我的英语能力已经得到了极大的进步。

(reasonable) （汉译英）
九、完形填空
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了一种类似于“会飞的汽车”的新思路——载
人无人机，详细阐述了其面临的各种技术难题，指出这种技术的实现还要走很长的路。

20. The dream of the flying car could come down to earth soon as several star-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are developing so-called “passenger drones” self—flying drones big enough to ferry individual commuters around town—which could _______ commute times from hours to minutes.
At first glance, human-carrying drones sound no more _______ than flying cars. Until recently. inventors had never been able to _______ automobiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few companies have kept at it: Woburn, for example, has since 2006 been developing Transition, a “roadable aircraft” that _______ a small airplane that can fold its wings and drive on roads. A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a(n) _______ sell, however, as there are serious safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pilot’s license and take to the skies. Passenger drones, _______, would operate autonomously and leave the “roadable” part behind in favor of larger versions of aircraft that already exist. Passenger drone designs favor distributed electric propulsion (推进), meaning instead of one large motor powered by a large engine they have multiple propellers each powered by its own, smaller motor. This _______ lifting power and flight performance in exchange for mechanical simplicity and lighter weight—factors that could make them cheaper to operate. Quieter electric power would make the noise _______ to city residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a vehicle could lift, and for how long.
With any of these vehicles, safety is the biggest concern and _______ to both the aircraft and the automated systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed to fly large numbers of autonomous aircraft without ________ them into one anothe r or, say, the local news channel’s traffic helicopter. Carrying people from points A to B seems simple enough, but even the best AI struggles with ________ “What, for example, would a drone do if a landing area suddenly became unavailable?” asks Sanjiv Si ngh, a Carnegie Mellon University robotics researcher. Instead of ________ to fully automated passenger drones, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned cargo runs, and adopting a “mixed mode” approach in early passenger services where pilots are assisted by AI co-pilots.
Technical challenges aside, start-ups (创业公司) promoting the technology will have to find a way to convince the public to give their drones a try, something that requires a much bigger leap of faith than getting into the ________of a self-driving car. Passenger drone makers are “obviously still in the very early stages of technology development and improving the ________ ,” says Mike Hirschberg, executive director of the American Helicopter Society International. “But 20 or 30 y ears from now life may be a little like The Jetsons where you take advantage of the third dimension and have much more ________ especially in urban close quarters where ground transportation is jammed.”
The passenger drone progress may follow a sloping takeoff rather than vertical (垂直的) leap. Carnegie Mellon’s Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lots of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the public’s trust before the technology becomes a viable transportation option. “There is the danger of someone moving too fast and then having a problem that sets the industry back for some time,” he says. 1.
A．simplify B．adjust C．estimate D．shrink
2.
A．magical B．realistic C．appealing D．worthwhile
3.
A．imitate B．design C．marry D．divide
4.
A．resembles B．outperforms C．challenges D．personalizes 5.
A．tough B．real C．evil D．huge
6.
A．in addition B．for example C．on the whole D．by contrast 7.
A．sacrifices B．strengthens C．balances D．controls
8.
A．immune B．unknown C．relevant D．tolerable
9.
A．contributes B．appeals C．extends D．adapts
10.
A．plunging B．crashing C．blowing D．splitting
11.
A．encounters B．locations C．surprises D．differences 12.
A．leaping B．tending C．pointing D．applying
13.
A．disorder B．backseat C．doubt D．flow
14.
A．basics B．figures C．solutions D．effects
15.
A．atmosphere B．concentration C．dependence D．mobility
十、阅读选择(阅读理解)
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了一种新开发的一次性纸电池。

21. A newly developed disposable paper battery promises to make a big impact on single-use electronics. The battery that has been demonstrated by researchers is biodegradable (可生物降解的), made from sustainable materials, and cheap to put together. What’s more, it can be produced in a variety of shapes and sizes as needed. To give an idea of the power, a two-cell battery was enough to power an LCD alarm clock. While it won’t be charging up your computer anytime soon, there’s lots of potential for low-powered se nsors. “We present a printed paper battery developed to power single-use disposable electronics and to reduce their environmental impact to the lowest level,” write the researchers in their published paper.
The battery is based on a metal-air electrochemical cell. Made from sodium chloride salt-diffused (氯化钠盐扩散的) paper, it can measure as little as one square centimeter, and is based on printed inks. All that’s needed, then, is a small amount of water, as little as two drops. This dissolves the salts within the paper, and then activates the battery as they travel. The battery starts producing power around 20 seconds after water is added, according to the experiments carried out by the team. Although the performance decreases over time as the paper dries out, it can be topped up to some extent with more water. The researchers say they want to improve the efficiency of the battery in the future, and get it working for longer. “With a rising awareness of the e-waste problem and the emergence of single-use electronics for applications, there is a growing need for low environmental impact batteries,” write the researchers.
1. Which of the following statement about the paper battery is true?
A．It is made from single-use
materials.
B．It is costly to put together.
C．It can be produced in diverse shapes. D．It can be used to charge up your computer.
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．How the paper battery works. B．What the paper battery consists of.
C．Why the paper battery is popular. D．Where the paper battery can be applied.
3. What does the underlined phrase “topped up” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Declined B．Maintained C．Increased D．Changed
4. What is the researchers’ attitude towards the future of the paper battery?
A．Indifferent B．Pessimistic C．Cautious D．Promising
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。

虽然塑料造成了很多问题，但是停止使用塑料是难以想象的。

文章从塑料在医疗应用、维持健康、食品体系等方面的广泛运用，以及清除塑料带来的糟糕的连锁反应方面，介绍了停止使用塑料的后果。

22. Of the 8,300 million tons of virgin (原始的) plastic produced up to the end of 2015, 6,300 million tons have been discarded (丢弃). Most of that plastic waste is still with us, buried in landfills or polluting the environment. Microplastics have been found in Antarctic sea ice, in the guts of animals that live in the deepest ocean
trenches and in drinking water around the world.
But what if we could wave a magic wand and remove all plastics from our lives? For the sake of the planet, it would be a tempting prospect —but we’d quickly find out just how far plastic has spread to every aspect of our existence.
In hospitals, the loss of plastic would be devastating. “Imagine trying to run a dialysis (透析) unit with no plastic”, says Sharon George, senior lecturer in environmental sustainability and green technology at Keele University in the UK. Plastic is used in gloves, tubing, blood bags, sample tubes and more.
Some everyday plastic items are also vital for protecting health. Face masks, including plastic-based surgical masks and respirators (人工呼吸器), as well as reusable cloth masks, have helped slow the spread of the COVID-19 virus. “A mask that you have for COVID is related to our safety and the safety of others,” says George. “The impact of taking that away could be loss of life if you took it away on a big scale.”
Our food system would also quickly come apart. We use packaging to protect food from damage in transit and preserve it long enough to reach supermarket shelves, as well as for communication and marketing. “I cannot imagine how plastic would be replaced completely in our system,” says Eleni Iacovidou, a lecturer in environmental management at Brunel University London.
Swapping out plastic packaging would have knock-on (产生连锁反应的) environmental effects. While glass has some advantages over plastic, such as being endlessly recyclable, a one-liter glass bottle can weigh as much as 800 g compared to a 40 g plastic one. When those heavier bottles and jars need to be transported over long distances, carbon emissions grow even more.
It’s clear that replacing one material with another won’t solve all our plastic problems.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To give a definition. B．To report on a study.
C．To introduce a topic. D．To describe a phenomenon.
2. What does the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Interesting. B．Practical. C．Predictable. D．Destructive.
3. What is Eleni Iacovidou’s attitude toward removing plastic totally in food system? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Optimistic. D．Uninterested.
4. Which would be the best title for the text?
A．What if we stopped using plastic?
B．Is plastic packaging bad for the environment?
C．More recycling won’t solve plastic pollution
D．Swapping out plastic for sustainable living
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了空中出租车的相关信息。

23. Imagine taking a flying taxi to the airport, or crossing crowded city streets at rush hour, getting where you want to go far faster than you could in a car. Believe it or not, you might be able to do these things in an electric air taxi sooner than you think.
An air taxi is a small aircraft—something like a mix between a helicopter(直升飞机) and a drone(无人机)—that, can carry people from place to place. Air taxis don’t need a long runway like planes do. They can go straight up and down, like a helicopter.
A company called Joby has been making and testing flying taxis since 2017. By 2025, Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money. They’ve teamed up with Delta Air Lines to create a program to fly people from their homes to the airport. Joby also expects their air taxis to provide a ride-sharing service. Just like you might order a ca r to pick you up, you could use an app to order an air taxi. Joby’s air taxis will be flown by a pilot, and can carry four other passengers. They can fly as fast as 200 KPH and go around 100 miles before the electric batteries need to be recharged.
Joby claims their taxis are both quieter and cheaper than helicopters. The company expects to charge about $3 a mile at first. But over time, they hope to bring the price down to less than $1 per mile.
Exciting as the idea of flying taxis is, some people have concerns about them. The taxis may be quieter than helicopters, but they’ll still add noise and traffic to our skies and endanger public safety when passengers are flying through the air. Still, it seems likely that air taxis will be part of the future of travel. The U.S. government says, “We could see air taxis in the skies by 2024 or 2025.”
1. What are the main features of the air taxi?
A．Traditional and expensive. B．Convenient and economical.
C．Advanced but space-taking. D．Safe but energy-consuming.
2. Why are helicopters mentioned in the text?
A．To give a guess. B．To present an argument.
C．To make a comparison. D．To introduce a phenomenon.
3. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us concerning the flying taxi?
A．Its market risks. B．Its promising future.
C．Its wide recognition. D．Its possible weaknesses.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A．Flying Taxis Are Starting to Take Off
B．Joby Has Already Mass-produced Air Taxis
C．A Solution Is Used to Solve Traffic Problems
D．America Has Improved Ride-sharing Services
十一、七选五(阅读理解)
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了常规书和电子书各有各的优点和缺点，它们是帮助我们获取知识的两种工具，现在说谁被谁取代还为时尚早。

24. Castles (城堡) and temples wear away after hundreds of years, but the symbols and words on the stone often survive. 1 . E-books came from the development of science and technology and can be read online. Many people believe that regular books will be one day replaced by e-books.
Books and e-books share lots of similarities. They are both items created by great minds. 2 . You can draw lines or highlight some details on books or e-books as notes. The notes can be kept for a long time.
3 . Firstly, books don’t have to be charged, while e-books need electricity if we want to read them. Meanwhile, spending too much time reading e-books may do harm to our eyes. Moreover, e-books don’t share the same weight when held in the
hand as regular books, nor do they give that sense of fulfillment that comes from finishing a thick book. However, e-book devices are easy to carry. 4 .
A disadvantage of e-book devices is that people tend to get distracted (分心的) when they’re using one, as many device s often have apps or games on them. 5 . Whichever you prefer, both books and e-books are just a way to help us gain knowledge and get to know other people’s experiences. They are both necessary, so it’s too early to say which one will disappear.
A．But they have differences as well
B．They take less space than books
C．Indeed our lives are formed by what books we read
D．This is similar to how the words in books manage to live on
E．They both have an index to introduce the main topic of each book
F．But with a regular book, your mind is always absorbed in the words G．People can decide which reading method is best for them based on their own needs
十二、用单词的适当形式完成短文(语法填空)
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。

介绍了再生式建筑项目Sumu相关的信息。

25. 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或使用括号内所给单词的
正确形式。

Some designers on an island in southern Japan have tried to put regenerative architecture (再生式建筑) into effect. It’s the idea that houses can 1 (build) in such a way that they support and benefit the environment where they stand.
2 (situate) on Yakushima Island, the project, which is called Sumu, is surrounded by mountains and a river that runs into the nearby ocean. Therefore, the designers
3 (want) to show nature in the build as much as possible. With this in mind, they started with wood
4 was produced from the local trees.
The buildings themselves were 5 (careful) placed to offer benefits to the nearby water and ongoing air flow. Buildings were designed around existing trees and are lifted 6 (reduce) their effect on the building site. They took full advantage of the surrounding views to encourage a 7 (connect) with nature. This idea is also shown with outdoor walkways between sleeping bedrooms 8 the common areas. Moreover, Sumu is powered by re newable energy. It’s equipped with solar power and relies on local firewood 9 heat. Green design elements give some tips on how to save energy through 10 tight envelope and strong insulation (绝缘体).。