Human Resource Management in Japan 1
Human Resource Management(人力资源管理)
1 - 14
Objectives of the HRM Function (2 of 3)
Developing and maintaining a quality of work life that makes employment in the organization desirable
Communicating HRM policies to all employees
workforce efficiently Providing the organization with well-trained
and well-motivated employees Increasing to the fullest the employee’s job
satisfaction and self-actualization
investment Grievance rates Accident rates
1 - 13
Objectives of the HRM Function (1 of 3)
Helping the organization reach its goals Employing the skills and abilities of the
1-5
Four descriptions of the HRM function:
1. It is action-oriented 2. It is people-oriented 3. It is globally-oriented 4. It is future-oriented
1-6
Historical Foundations of HRM
Human resource specialists must show that they contribute to the goals and mission of the firm
HumanResourceManagement人资源管理
1
內容大綱
Recruitment in 1. China 2. Hong Kong 3. Malaysia 4. Philippines 5. Thailand 6. Singapore 7. South Korea 8. Vietnam Recruitment Methods In Asia Country
香港政府已制定數個反歧視的法令。包括反性別歧視條例、反殘障 歧視條例和家庭崗位歧視條例.
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個案《匹X匹工业股份有限公司》
1. 人员需求的申请、批准程序：
各部门须在控制范围制定人员需求计划，经内部调整、确认后提出人 员需求，填写《人员增补申请表》 ，并得到总经理或公司指定项 目负责人批准。
2. 聘用标准：
centers in the cities.
在中國經濟改革前，雇用及招募員工是需嚴格地依據政府各項經濟計 劃實行。 由各省市就業服務中心舉辦人力招募博覽會。
4
1. Recruitment in China
(1.2) 外商辦事處
The monopoly held by Foreign Enterprise Services Corporation (FESCO) ended when other government sponsored service providers were set up to compete with FESCO. 當中國政府成立提供相同服務的單位與FESCO 競爭時，原由 FESCO獨佔此服務的情況才得以結束。
8
2. Recruitment in Hong Kong
(2.2) 反歧視法
The Hong Kong government has introduced several antidiscrimination laws. These include the Sex Discrimination Ordinance , the Disability Discrimination Ordinance, and the Family Status Discrimination Ordinance.
考研英语-950_真题-无答案
考研英语-950(总分91,考试时间90分钟)Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishMost of us are taught to pay attention to what is said--the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are (1) from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness (2) a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words (3) Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given (4) . Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those (5) if we listen for (6) words. We don't always say what we mean (7) mean what we say. Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner. "This step has to be fixed before I'll buy." The owner says, "It's been like that for years". (8) , the step hasn't been like that for years, but the (9) message is: "I don't want to fix it. We can put up with it why can't you?" The (10) for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed by examining a message (11) who said it, when it occurred, the (12) conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also (13) associated meaning. A friend's unusually docile behavior may only be understood by (14) that it was preceded by situations that required a (n) (15) amount of assertiveness.We would do well to listen for how message are (16) The words, "it sure has been nice to have you over," can be said with (17) and excited or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or (18) several times. And the meaning we associate with the phrase will change (19) Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the (20) importance it assumes.1. A. omitted B. resulted C. dismissed D. derived2. A. for B. under C. as D. against3. A. as well B. alone C. long before D. though4. A. message B. description C. statement D. explanation5. A. associations B. appointments C. appliances D. agitations6. A. less than B. rather than C. more than D. other than7. A. or else B. or C. but rather D. but8. A. Theoretically B. Ironically C. Probably D. Actually9. A. inclined B. declared C. implied D. delivered10. A. search B. inquiry C. worry D. confusion11. A. in terms of B. in the light of C. in line with D. in the wake of12. A. involved B. included C. related D. concerned13. A. uncover B. expose C. display D. reveal14. A. marking B. noting C. labeling D. spotting15. A. complex B. abnormal C. moderate D. ambiguous16. A. offered B. granted C. presented D. agreed17. A. emphasis B. hesitation C. interest D. pressure18. A. renewed B. recovered C. repeated D. restored19. A. unexpectedly B. occasionally C. especially D. accordingly20. A. better B. less C. worse D. moreSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1However important we may regard school life to be, there is no denying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore, the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and frustrate curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The informal tea and the many interviews carried on during the year, as well as new ways of reporting pupils' progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics, and at the same time, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers' conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts ofchildren's misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestion for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is a more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents' minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom. In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters' capacities.21. The central idea conveyed in the above text is thatA. home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many hours with his parents.B. teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the school.C. there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home.D. parents have a responsibility to help students in doing homework.22. The author directly discusses the fact thatA. parents drill their children too much in arithmetic.B. principals have explained the new art programs to parents.C. a parent's misguided efforts can be properly directed.D. a father can have his son help him construct articles at home.23. It can reasonably be inferred that the authorA. is satisfied with present relationships between home and school.B. feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental program.C. believes that schools are woefully lacking in guidance personnel.D. feels that parent-teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present.24. We may infer that the writer of the article does not favorA. suggestions by the teacher to a parent in regard to improving the student's scholastic average.B. **munications to the parent from the teacher.C. having the parent observe lessons which the children are being taught.D. principal-parent conferences rather than teacher-parent conferences.25. The author does not directly state, but implies thatA. participation in interesting activities relating to a subject improves one's achievement in that area.B. too many children are lazy and have poor work habits.C. school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parents.D. teachers should occasionally make home visits to parents.Text 2If **petitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Humanresource management is not traditionally seen as central to **petitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquistion is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central, usually the second most important, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also much more narrowly focused on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.If **petitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Human resource management is not traditionally seen as central to **petitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquistion is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central, usually the second most important, after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also much more narrowly focused on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and runningat capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.26. Which of the following can best describe the management of human resources in **panies?A. Human-resource management is not considered principal to the survival of **panies.B. Human-resource management is next to financial management.C. Gaining of skills is seen as the firms responsibility.D. Human-resource manager only hired skilled workers.27. What's the position of the head of human resources management in **panies?A. He is one of the most influential executives in the firm.B. His post is likely to rise when new technologies are introduced.C. He is directly under the chief executive.D. He has no right in marking important decisions in the firm.28. Most American firms put their money mainly inA. the establishment of new branches in foreign countries.B. the training of basic skills of their workforces.C. the research and development of new products.D. the financial and administrative fields.29. According to the text, the decisive factor in maintaining a firm's competitive advantage isA. the introduction of new technologies.B. the improvement of workers' basic skills.C. **position of professional and managerial employees.D. the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees.30. What's the main idea of the text?A. American firms are putting less emphasis on human-resource management.B. Extensive retraining is vital to effective human-resource management.C. The head of human-resource management shouldn't be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy.D. The human-resource management strategies of American firms will affect **petitive capacity.Text 3By the 1950's and 60's "going for Chinese" had become part of the suburban vernacular. In places like New York City, eating Chinese food became intertwined with the traditions of other ethnic groups, especially that of Jewish immigrants. Many Jewish families faithfully visited their favorite Chinese restaurant every Sunday night. Among the menus in the exhibition are selections from Glatt Wok: Kosher Chinese Restaurant and Takeout in Monsey, N. Y. , and Wok Toy in Cedarhurst,N. Y.Until 1965 Cantonese-speaking immigrants, mainly from the county of Toisan, dominated the industry and menus reflected a standard repertory of tasty but bland Americanizations of Cantonese dishes. But loosening immigration restrictions that year brought a flood of people from many different regions of China, starting "authenticity revolution," said Ed Schoenfeld, a restaurateur and Chinese food consultant.Top chefs who were trained in spicy and more unusual regional specialties, like Hunan and Sic hunan cooking, came to New York then, Mr. Schoenfeld said.President Richard M. Nixon's trip to China in 1972 awakened interest in the country and accounts of his meals helped whet diners' appetites for new dishes. An illustration of a scowling Nixon with a pair of chopsticks glares down from the wall at the exhibition.Hunan and Sichuan restaurants in New York influenced the taste of the whole country, Mr. Schoenfeld said. Dishes like General Tso's chicken and crispy orange beef caught on everywhere.But as with the Cantonese food before it, Mr. Schoenfeld said, the cooking degraded over time, as it became mass produced. Today's batter-fried, syrup-laden version of Chinese food, he said, bears little resemblance to authentic cuisine.The real explosion of Chinese restaurants that made them ubiquitous came in the 1980's, said Betty Xie, editor of Chinese Restaurant News. "Now you see there are almost one or two Chinese restaurants in every town in the United States," she said.There are signs that some have tired of Chinese food. A 2004 Zagat survey showed that its popularity has ebbed somewhat in New York City.But the journey of the Chinese restaurant remains the story of the American dream, as experienced by a constant but evolving stream of Chinese immigrants who realized the potential of 12-hour days, borrowed capital and a willingness to cook whatever Americans wanted. Sales margins are tight, and wages are low.Restaurants are passed from one family member to the next, or sold by one Chinese family to another. Often a contingency written into Sales contracts is that the previous owners train the new owners."**petition in **munities is cutthroat," Mr. Chen, the co-curator, said. "What people realize is you can make much, much better profit in places like Montana.\31. From the first paragraph we know that by the 1950's and 60's Chinese food was a favorite of______.A. the suburban dwellersB. New YorkersC. ethnic immigrantsD. Jewish immigrants32. What is the factor that contributes to "authenticity revolution" ?A. The arrival of Cantonese-speaking immigrants.B. Bland Americanizations of Cantonese dishes.C. Relaxed control over immigration restrictions'.D. Great number of people from different regions of China33. All the following helped the explosion of Chinese restaurants in the U. S. EXCEPT______.A. President Richard M. Nixon's trip to ChinaB. Hunan and Sichuan dishesC. General Tso's chicken and crispy orange beefD. Today's batter-fried, syrup-laden version of Chinese food34. According to the author, Chinese food in New York City______.A. is on the declineB. remains the story of the American dreamC. serves stream of Chinese immigrantsD. supplies whatever Americans wanted35. Judging from the context, "cutthroat" in the last paragraph may be replaced by______.A. killerB. murdererC. very cruelD. dangerousText 4According to studies cited by the National Eating Disorders Association, 42 percent of girls in first through third grade want to be thinner, 81 percent of 10-year-olds are afraid of being fat, and 51 percent of 9-and 10-year-old girls feel better about themselves if they are on a diet.In many ,ways, this fixation on weight at ever earlier **es at an inopportune time physiologically. At a recent Hadassah meeting at the Woodlands Community Temple in White Plains, Dr. Maxcie Schneider, the director of adolescent medicine at Greenwich Hospital, and Erica Leon, a registered dietitian, spoke about early adolescence as a time when a little bit of pudginess is necessary for proper growth, and youngsters wrestle constantly with their body image."I can't tell you how many kids I've seen who've been on the Atkins diet, or on the South Beach diet," Ms. Leon said, adding that overweight children who try diets can be at risk of developing eating disorders.After the presentation, three mothers from Hartsdale who wanted to help their children avoid such issues spoke about how their young daughters are already beginning to become weight-conscious.Anorexia is a mental illness in which the victim eats barely enough to survive, because her distorted thinking makes her think she is fat. Bulimia, a mental illness in which someone binges on large amounts of food, then purges it through vomiting or the abuse of laxatives, is on the rise, and is surfacing in younger and younger patients, mostly girls, said Judy Scheel, the director of the Center for Eating Disorder Recovery in Mount Kisco.About 90 percent of victims of eating disorders are female, and often the male victims are on teams like wrestling and crew, where they must keep their weight low **petitive reasons. Dr. Scheel believes that where girls claim the eating disorder enables them to be thin, boys typically state their goal is to achieve or maintain a muscular but thin physique. The average onset for bulimia used to be 17, but to see teenagers age 14 and 15 with bulimia is common these days, Dr. Scheel said.Other people believe the disorders have genetic or **ponents, and many people with eating disorders respond well to anti-depressants, for example."A certain amount of education is necessary to help young people avoid becoming obsessedwith their body image. Teachers need to stay outside of talking about diets," Dr. Scheel said. "It's like a parent, always talking about their next diet. You have to help a child understand that if you cat healthily and exercise, your body is going to take care of itself."And in relatively homogenous populations, like in some Westchester schools, competition runs high. "So the young people don't really see how beautiful diversity is," she said, "and they tend to all be competing for kind of the same goals.\36. The studies cited by the National Eating Disorders Association is based on______.A. primary school girlsB. secondary school girlsC. girls in college and universitiesD. American females in general37. According to Dr. Marcie Schneider and Erica Leon______.A. it is too bad for youngsters to be a bit fatB. it is necessary for the children to be a bit fatC. youngsters should struggle with their body imageD. overweight children should not diet38. From the Paragraph 5 we may infer that Anorexia and Bulimia are______.A. two similar mental illnessesB. two **mon mental illnessesC. both bad eating habitsD. both illnesses of eating disorderly39. Which of the following may NOT be the reason of eating disorders?A. Trying to keep the weight low.B. The fierce **petition.C. Maintaining a muscular but thin physique:D. Genetic or **ponents.40. The author cites some Westchester schools to indicate that______.A. education is necessary to help young people avoid dietingB. teachers need to stay outside classroom to talk about dietsC. eating healthily and exercise help building up the bodyD. it is not good for the students to follow the same goalPart B[A] The golden wedding-ring was put on her finger[B] The foreign groom and the local bride[C] Angels, children escorting the bride[D] Wedding hall[E] Temple and atheistic groom[F] Town hall, a happy bride and groomOrnamenting the two fingers is only the first step of the "long march". Angel was never as overloaded as today, running from here to there, busy ordering invitation cards and wedding clothes, booking church and restaurant, checking availability of the photographer, the pastor and the official in the town hall, looking for a new home. She was happy and excited. However thislong wedding preparation process loaded down with trivial details, gave me a big headache. In France, more and more French cohabit instead of marrying. However, when they decide to marry, they still take their wedding ceremony seriously and usually follow the never changing three traditional chapters.41．_______________________.The third chapter is the wedding breakfast followed by a dance. (The first and the second chapter are the civil wedding and the church wedding). After the church wedding, the newly-weds normally invite their parents and friends to take part in a sumptuous meal and dance in the evening. After champagne flutes are raised all around, the dancing starts. The newly-weds take the lead, dancing lightly and finish the evening by tiredly tripping in to their bridal chamber and thus terminate the last chapter of the French marriage.42．_______________________.I grew up in the last seventies and early eighties, the "simple wedding" advocated by the Chinese government had been ingrained in my mind. One day finally I could not help revealing my wish for a simple wedding: "Darling, your wedding plans are far too long and over-elaborate. Let's simplify them and reduce three chapters to only one. It's enough to get married in the town hall! .... No! Marriage is the most important event in my life. I want to make it grand and unforgettable." Angel refused to concede. However I really wanted to escape the church wedding. "Honey, I wasn't baptized and being an atheist, I am not allowed to go to church. A church wedding is a burden for an atheist like me, and the church wedding for an atheist is also against church rules!" I presented my views vehemently, believing I had the best excuse in the world. "My dear, marriage is a sacred affair; we must go to the church. You are only aware of one aspect of a thing, but ignorant of another. I am a Protestant; there are no strict canons and mumbo-jumbos in Protestantism. If one of the two is Protestant, they are still allowed to marry in a Protestant church." I was rendered speechless.43．_______________________.The sacred moment arrived. The foreign groom and the local bride, surrounded by her family members, arrived at the marriage hall. "Do you take this woman as your wife?" "Yes!" A myriad of thoughts welled up in my mind: "I'd quit my highly-coveted job in China and gone through innumerable trials and tribulations to come to Europe to join my Chinese lover, but I was jilted. Now I'd found an oasis of love, but far from my homeland. The girl with me today, though from a different cultural background, with a different way of thinking and behaving, is simple, pure and kind hearted like an angel. I'd suffered from the wandering life in Europe. But after **es happiness. In a few minutes she will proclaim the end of my wandering and homeless life." Full of deep feeling I gazed at this western beauty, shining with dazzling splendor and held her hand tight in mine.44．_______________________."Do you take this man as your husband?" Brimming with tears, choking with sobs, Angel nodded her approval. Being a traditional French girl, she'd never expected that she would have fallen into the temptation of the "good but cheap Chinese merchandise" before her and would have crossed the frontier between Chinese and French cultures to marry a man with an exotic accent and a flat nose!45_______________________.The church was resounding with the wedding sonata, angel and I walked up to the pastor to thebeat of the music. Hand in hand, heart with heart, full of tender affection, we gave all the right answers to his questions. The golden wedding-ring on her left finger and paired up with her engagement ring on the right ring finger, **plementing each other's radiance and beauty. Angel, now with two rings, became a real "valuable" bride. She slipped my finger with a simple ring onto my finger, and at the same time capturing my wandering heart.That evening, I, the foreign groom, with my Erru, two-stringed Chinese violin, together with Angel, the local bride, with her violin, successfully performed the most beautiful concerto of cross border marriage. "That spring is coming, the earth is smiling..." the hall was resounding to the strains of Strauss' joyful waltz while we were tripping away in a dance. At the climax of the music we swirled so quickly that both of us felt ourselves swoon in the glamour of our cross border marriage.41.42.43.44.45.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)(46) The message of the first Earth Day—April 22, 1970—had a certain innocence, filled with a certain can-do-ism: individual actions would roll back the damage done to the planet. The emphasis on the individual was picked up in best sellers like "50 Things You Can Do to Save the Planet", as well as in public-service campaigns that drove us to carpool, bicycle to work, recycle, and boycott rain-forest wood.Earth Day 2000—April 22—reflects a new ethos. The theme of events that will be staged in the 185 participating countries is climate change and the threats—rising seas, shifting agricultural zones, more extreme weather—that a warmer world poses. The Earth Day 2000 slogan, " Clean Energy Now!" calls for replacing energy sources that produce heat-trapping greenhouse gases with energy sources (solar electricity, wind power) that do not. (47) Although some of the most eco- righteous have unplugged their homes from the electricity supply net in favor of solar panels on their roofs and fuel cells in their basements, at the rate that is happening there will be orange plantation~ in Alaska, before the greenhouse effect is forced into submission.(48) Royal Dutch/Shell is reducing emissions of greenhouse gases at its plants by 2002 to a projected 25% below the levels of 1990, to 100 million tons. For an equivalent annual cut, every car in New England would have to be taken off the road for five years. (49) Boeing's lighting up- grade reduced its use of electricity for lighting 90% and saves 100,000 tons of carbon dioxide every year, to achieve which aim some 500,000 people would have had to change to。
【商务英语】人力资源管理(Human Resource Management)
Human Resource Management人力资源管理Teaching Objectives•What Is Human Resources Management•Human Resource Planning 人力资源规划•Recruitment 招聘•Training and Developing 培训和培养•Compensation 报酬•How to Keep Employees Motivated 如何激发员工工作热情•Human resources are the people that operate an organization.•Human Resource Management is the management of an organization’s “human capital” or “intellectual assets”.What Is Human Resources Management?•The Human Resource Management (HRM) process is an ongoing procedure that tries to keep the right people in the right positions. It includes human resource planning, recruitment, selection, socialization, training and development, performance appraisal, promotions, transfers, demotions, separations, and compensation.人力资源一般指有能力并愿意为社会工作的经济活动人口。
人力资源管理是管理学的一个崭新的和重要的领域。
它是指组织对员工的有效管理和使用的思想行为，主要包括人力资源规划、招聘、选拔、定位、培训和培养、业绩评价、提拔、调动、降级、解雇以及酬劳等活动。
human resource management strategy and practice 笔记
human resource management strategy andpractice 笔记Human Resource Management Strategy and PracticeIntroduction:Human Resource Management (HRM) is a vital component of an organization's overall strategy and plays a crucial role in achieving organizational goals. This article provides an overview of HRM strategy and its various practices.1. HRM Strategy:HRM strategy refers to the long-term plans and goals designed to align human resources with the organization's objectives. It involves forecasting HR needs, sourcing, recruiting, developing, and retaining talent to enhance organizational performance. Effective HRM strategy ensures that the right people with the right skills are in the right positions at the right time.2. Recruitment and Selection:Recruitment and selection are key HRM practices that aim to attract and hire qualified individuals who best fit the organization's needs. The process involves identifying job requirements, advertising vacancies, screening applications, conducting interviews, and making job offers. Implementing fair and effective recruitment strategies ensures a diverse and talented workforce.3. Training and Development:Training and development programs assist employees in acquiring new skills, updating knowledge, and improving existing abilities. These HRM practices contribute to enhancing employee performance and job satisfaction. Organizations should provide various training methods, such as workshops, on-the-job training, and e-learning, to address different learning styles and needs.4. Performance Management:Performance management involves setting clear performance expectations, measuring employee performance, providing feedback, and identifying areas for improvement. It enables organizations to align individual goals with organizational objectives, promote accountability, and recognize high performers. Effective performance management systems provide regular evaluations, constructive feedback, and opportunities for growth and development.5. Compensation and Benefits:A well-designed compensation and benefits system is essential for attracting, motivating, and retaining employees. It includes salary structure, incentives, bonuses, and benefits such as healthcare, retirement plans, and work-life balance initiatives. Offering competitive compensation packages helps in attracting top talent and ensures employee satisfaction and engagement.6. Employee Relations:Employee relations focus on fostering positive relationships between employees and management. HRM practices in this area aim to create ahealthy work environment, resolve conflicts, and maintain a fair and respectful workplace. Open communication channels, grievance procedures, and employee satisfaction surveys are important tools for managing employee relations effectively.7. Diversity and Inclusion:Diversity and inclusion are integral to HRM strategy and practice. Organizations that value diversity benefit from access to a broader range of ideas, perspectives, and experiences. HRM practices in this domain involve promoting diversity in recruitment, fostering inclusive workplace cultures, and providing equitable opportunities for all employees.8. Talent Management:Talent management aims to identify, develop, and retain high-potential employees who can contribute to the organization's long-term success. HRM practices in talent management include succession planning, leadership development programs, and career pathways. Effective talent management ensures a pipeline of capable leaders and reduces the risk of talent gaps.Conclusion:Human Resource Management strategy and practice are essential for optimizing organizational performance, attracting and retaining top talent, and creating a positive work environment. By aligning HRM practices with the organization's objectives, organizations can enhance employee engagement, productivity, and overall success. Adopting effective HRM strategies leads to better resource utilization, improved employee satisfaction, and ultimately, greater business success.。
人力资源管理的英语
人力资源管理的英语英文回答：Human resource management (HRM) is the process of managing people in an organization to achieve its goals. It involves a wide range of activities, including:Recruitment and selection: Identifying and hiring the best candidates for open positions.Compensation and benefits: Determining and managing employees' pay and benefits.Training and development: Providing employees with the skills and knowledge they need to perform their jobs effectively.Performance management: Assessing and evaluating employees' performance.Employee relations: Managing relationships between employees and the organization.HRM is an essential function in any organization. It helps to ensure that the organization has the right people in place to achieve its goals, and that those people are motivated and engaged.中文回答：人力资源管理是为达到组织目标而管理组织中员工的过程。
human resource management review
human resource management reviewHuman resource management (HRM) is a critical element of any successful business and its importance cannot be overstated. It is the process of effectively managing the recruitment, development, and retention of employees in order to maximize their potential and contributions to the organization. This review will explore the components of an effective HRM system, the roles of HRM professionals, and how HRM can help create a positive work environment.The components of an effective HRM system include recruitment, selection, development, retention, and termination. Recruitment involves identifying vacancies, creating job descriptions, advertising positions, and interviewing candidates. Selection involves choosing the best candidate based on qualifications, skills, experience, and other criteria. Development involves training and talent management to ensure employees are equipped with the skills and knowledge to be successful in their roles. Retention involves creating a positive work environment that encourages employees to stay in their positions long-term, as well as rewarding performance. Finally, termination involves letting employeesgo in a respectful and appropriate manner.The roles of HRM professionals include developing and managing the HRM system, creating a positive HRM culture, ensuring compliance with legal and ethical standards, designing and implementing effective HRM strategies, and managing employee relations. HRM professionals must also develop effective strategies for recruitment, selection, development, and retention. Additionally, they should be well informed about labor laws and policies, and be able to handle employee grievances and disputes.Finally, HRM can help create a positive work environment by focusing on employee engagement, motivation, satisfaction, and wellbeing. This involves providing competitive wages and benefits, offering training and development opportunities, recognizing and rewarding performance, and creating a healthy and safe workplace. Additionally, HRM can be used to develop a culture of inclusion and diversity, which can help mitigate discrimination and create a more harmonious work atmosphere. Overall, effective HRM is essential for the success of any organization. It ensures that employee needs and expectations are met, and that the workforce is well-prepared and engaged to meet organizational goals. It’s important for HRMprofessionals to stay up to date on the latest trends, technologies, and best practices to ensure they are managing their teams effectively.。
Human Resources Management Trends
Human Resources Management TrendsHuman resources management is a crucial aspect of any organization, as it involves recruiting, training, and retaining employees to ensure the overall success of the company. Over the years, HR management has evolved significantly, with new trends emerging to meet the ever-changing needs of businesses and employees. In this article, we will explore some of the current trends in human resources management.1. Technology IntegrationOne of the most significant trends in HR management is the increased use of technology to streamline processes and improve efficiency. HR departments are increasingly adopting software and tools to automate tasks such as recruitment, employee onboarding, performance evaluations, and payroll processing. This not only saves time and reduces errors but also allows HR professionals to focus on more strategic initiatives that contribute to the overall success of the organization.2. Remote WorkThe COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the trend towards remote work, with many organizations adopting work-from-home policies to ensure the safety of their employees. As a result, HR departments are now faced with the challenge of managing remote teams effectively. This includes providing the necessary tools and support for remote employees, maintaining clear communication channels, and ensuring that remote workers feel connected to the company culture. Remote work is likely to continue to be a prominent trend in HR management in the coming years.3. Employee Well-beingEmployee well-being has become a top priority for many organizations, as research has shown that happy and healthy employees are more productive and engaged. HR departments are now focusing on initiatives aimed at promoting work-life balance, mental health support, and physical wellness. This includes offering flexible work schedules, mental health resources, and wellness programs to support employees inachieving a healthy work-life balance. Employee well-being is expected to remain a critical trend in HR management as organizations recognize the value of investing in their employees' overall health and happiness.4. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)Diversity, equity, and inclusion have become key focus areas for HR departments as organizations strive to create more inclusive and equitable workplaces. HR professionals are implementing diversity and inclusion training programs, establishing DEI committees, and setting diversity targets to ensure that employees from all backgrounds feel valued and included. By promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion, organizations can enhance their reputation, attract top talent, and improve employee engagement and retention.5. Skills Development and Lifelong LearningAs technology continues to advance and industries evolve, the demand for new skills is constantly changing. HR departments are now placing a greater emphasis on skills development and lifelong learning to ensure that employees remain competitive and adaptable in the workforce. This includes offering training programs, mentorship opportunities, and continuous learning resources to help employees upskill and reskill.By investing in skills development, organizations can future-proof their workforce and stay ahead of the competition.In conclusion, human resources management is experiencing several significant trends that are shaping the future of work. By embracing technology, supporting remote work, prioritizing employee well-being, promoting diversity and inclusion, and emphasizing skills development, HR departments can create a competitive advantage for their organizations. As the workplace continues to evolve, HR professionals must stay informed about current trends and adapt their strategies to meet the changing needs of employees and the organization as a whole.。
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Personnel training （人才育留）
Japanese trade unions (企业工会）
What is Life-time employment and how do we understand it?
The Life-time employment is that employees take jobs with an employer after leaving school and continue with that employer until retirement age.
How to reverse the status of seniority system and make an improvement?
1.Establish a more competitive and effective system basted on employees’ achievement. Compared with seniority system, merit system should be considered. 2.Be market-oriented and focus on wage levels in the same industry. 3.Absorb the practical and successful experience from western countries.
what are the main advantages of Seniority System ?
1.Balance between younger and older workforce. 2.Stable workforce 3.Little animosity between employees. 4. employees do not worry about demotions and salary reductions. 5.employees can not calculate income.
What are the advantages of lifetime Employment system ?
1.To increase mutual understanding and trust between employer and employee. 2. Long-term projects tend to result in high economic growth 3. Life Employment can make sure that layoffs are the last way of dealing with managerial difficulties.
What are the disadvantages of Seniority system？
1.It is not very competitive ,and does not necessarily motivate employees. 2.It is more effective when the company is in a field with little variety in work contents. 3.And it does not allow much flexibility in increasing the number of employees .For instance ,older employees are very expensive.
Lifetime Employment System
Four aspects
Definition
定义
Advantag es
优点
disadvant ages
缺点
Improvement
改进
What is “ Seniority System ” ?
Seniority System also knows as “ Wage system based on seniority（工龄） ” , refer to the basic wage of employees increase with the employee‘s age and seniority growth , and the wage increases every year according to the sequence of certain provisions(公司制度) of the enterprise.
How to solve the problems of lifetime employment system?
1.After being senior officers, everyone should get a promotion by capability. 2.Set up a system that if anybody is unequal to the task, he should be adjusted the position, even be forced to get an early retirement. 3.Entrust(委派) talented young person with an important task
Human Resource Management in Japan
what’s the general characteristics of human management in Japan?
This Lecture
1 2 3 4
Life-time employmentromotion（年工序列制）
What is the disadvantage of lifetime employment system do you think?
1.It is difficult to let people leave their jobs. 2.The budget for salaries is stretched if the company has a lot of middle-aged and older employees with high salaries. 3.It makes the mid-career employment difficult and the company is hard to find talented people.