Performance Analysis of Media Redundancy Protocol

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AXE PARAMETER DATABASE FAULT BACKUP INFORMATION FAULT BLOCKING RESTRICTION ON ROUTES SUPERVISION
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AP PROCESS REINITIATED AP FAULT IO STORAGE SPACE WARNING
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wnms\超级管理员 wnms\超级管理员 wnms\超级UT FAULT AP REBOOT CP AP COMMUNICATION FAULT AP DIAGNOSTIC FAULT
GROUP SWITCH CLM CONTROL GROUP SWITCH FAULT
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DISTRIBUTED GROUP SWITCH TRAFFIC RESTRICTIONS GROUP SWITCH UNIT MANUALLY BLOCKED
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DIGITAL PATH FAULT SUPERVISION SEMIPERMANENT CONNECTION FAULT VOLUME LIMIT EXCEEDED
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CCITT7 EVENT REPORTING THRESHOLD REACHED CCITT7 DISTURBANCE SUPERVISION LIMIT REACHED

Siemens SCALANCE XR326-8 产品说明书

product type designation transfer rate
transfer rate interfaces / for communication / integrated
number of electrical connections ● for network components or terminal equipment
cascading in the case of a redundant ring / at reconfiguration
50
time of <\~0.3\~s
cascading in cases of star topology
any (depending only on signal propagation time)
protocol / is supported
● Telnet
Yes
● HTTP
Yes
● HTTPS
Yes
● TFTP
Yes
● FTP
Yes
● SFTP
Yes
● BOOTP
Yes
● NETCONF
Yes
6GK53342TS004AR3 Page 2/5
7/12/2023
Subject to change without notice © Copyright Siemens
Yes
● I&M1 - higher level designation/location designation
Yes
product functions / diagnostics
product function
● port diagnostics

Siemens RF615R 无线读写器说明书

6GT2811-6CC10-0AA0 Page 1/3
09/24/2019
Subject to change without notice © Copyright Siemens
Transmission time / for user data ● for write access / per byte / typical ● for read access / per byte / typical
Permitted ambient conditions Ambient temperature ● during operation ● during storage ● during transport Ambient condition / for operation
Protection class IP Shock resistance Shock acceleration Vibrational acceleration Resistance to mechanical stress
Design, dimensions and weight Width Height
2 ms 0.15 ms
1 Ethernet, PROFINET, OPC UA
RP-TNC M12, 8-pin, connector M12, 4-pin, d-coded M12, 5-pin, female connector 1 1
Pocan silver, TI-Grey 0 mm
24 V 20 ... 30 V
0.2 A 0.22 A
-25 ... +55 °C -40 ... +85 °C -40 ... +85 °C With operating temperature below -20 °C: Warming-up time at least 10 minutes IP67 EN 60068-2-27, EN 60068-2-6 500 m/s² 200 m/s² The maximum stress of shock and vibration acceleration is guaranteed only in combination with the VESA mount

Siemens SCALANCE XP208 8端口IE交换机数据表说明书

Interfaces / other Number of electrical connections ● for operator console ● for signaling contact ● for power supply ● for redundant voltage supply Type of electrical connection ● for operator console ● for signaling contact ● for power supply
04/07/2020
Subject to change without notice © Copyright Siemens
Cascading in the case of a redundant ring / at reconfiguration time of <\~0.3\~s Cascading in cases of star topology
Yes
Identification & maintenance function
● I&M0 - device-specific information
Yes
● I&M1 – higher-level designation/location
Yes
designation
Product functions / Diagnostics
Yes
6GK5208-0HA00-2AS6 Page 4/6
04/07/2020
Subject to change without notice © Copyright Siemens
Protocol / is supported

西门子SCALANCE X212-2Managed IE交换机数据手册说明书

● media redundancy protocol (MRP) with
Yes
redundancy manager
● Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)/operation Yes in the PRP-network
● Parallel Redundancy Protocol
No
(PRP)/Redundant Network Access (RNA)
● Passive listening
Yes
Product functions / Security
Protocol / is supported
● SSH
Yes
Product functions / Time Product function
2-pole terminal block 4-pole terminal block
Yes
24 V
0.1 A
DC
24 V 18 V 32 V Yes 1.1 A / 33 V 0.33 A
7.92 W
-40 ... +60 °C -40 ... +70 °C -40 ... +70 °C
95 %
IP30
Cascading in the case of a redundant ring / at
100
reconfiguration time of <\~0.3\~s
Cascading in cases of star topology
any (depending only on signal propagation time)
Product functions / Redundancy

GE Intelligent Platforms PACSystems RX3i CPU 商品说明书

GEIntelligent PlatformsGE Intelligent Platforms understands that equipment builders are continuously looking for ways toimprove the performance and flexibility of their equipment while reducing size and complexity. Fast, easy-to-configure connectivity to GE’s PACSystems controllers and extensive range of I/O options enables scalable machine automation and highly distributed modular machine designs. The end result is high performance automation for the Industrial Internet.High performanceAnalyze and improve even the most complex application right at the source. The latest RX3i CPUs now offer multiple processing cores, allowing you to do more with your CPUs. A large working memory in every high speed RX3i CPU lets you store more data and access it faster than ever before. The RX3i offers premier high speed performance and data handling across any multi-disciplined control system. Whether you’re accessing consistent gigabitdata across the backplane or over fiber, kilometers away, the RX3i CPUs are built for rapid, reliable performance.PROFINET advantagePROFINET I/O solutions from GE provide productivity and performance advantages necessary for virtually any type of control application in a range of industries.PROFINET supports large amounts of I/O without compromising system performance and is able to operate in high-noise environments. Connect through a module for advanced flexibility and performance.Best availabilityCan your process controller keep up with system demands? Many of today's controllers take ten milliseconds or more to switchover in the event of a fault or other system event. Often controllers are also limited in real I/O connections due to bottlenecks in overall data collection. Eliminate delays by combining RX3i and PROFINET to get Gigabit speed everywhere and bumpless (0 ms) switchover. Choose RX3i High Availability and preventunexpected failure and costly downtime.• S imple configuration, maintenance and operation• S ingle point of connect no matter what distance• F ewer external devices to purchase and configure, and fewer spare parts to maintain• H igh-speed communication for real-time control• A dvanced asset management with Hart pass-thru I/OFlexibility and scalabilityPACSystems provides a vast amount of I/O, communications, and specialty modules to handle a variety of process and discrete applications. It provides one of the best migration paths in the industry with the ability to bring Series 90*-30 modules directly into the PACSystems backplane to save rewiring and space. In addition, programs move with ease to the new programming and configuration environment, Proficy * Machine Edition, getting applications up and running in minutes.PACSystems *RX3i CPUsIndustrial Internet ReadyFEATURE BENEFITPROFINETdistributed I/O connectivity• Support for Media Redundancy Protocol for robust operation• Replace devices without having to reconfigure them for improved uptime*Trademark of GE Intelligent Platforms.GE Intelligent Platforms, Inc. is a subsidiary of the General Electric Company. The GE brand and logo are trademarks of the General Electric Company. © 2015 GE Intelligent Platforms, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Information provided is subject to change without notice.4.15 GFA-2060AGEIntelligent Platforms 2500 Austin DriveCharlottesville, VA, 229111-800-433-2682 or 1-434-978-5100 Part No.IC695CPE305(CPU with Energy Pack†)IC695CPE330 (CPU only)IC695CPK330 (CPU with Energy Pack†)IC695CPE310(CPU with Energy Pack†)Speed 1G Atom 2+ times faster than CPU3201G Atom Storage5MB 64MB 10MB Redundancy Support Yes‡Ethernet Port1 - 10/1001- 10/100/10001- 2-port switch 10/100/1000 1 - 10/100Ethernet CommunicationsSRTP Client/Server Modbus TCP/IP OPC-UA Server EGD SRTP Client/Server Modbus TCP/IP OPC-UA Server ‡EGD‡PROFINET SRTP Client/Server Modbus TCP/IP OPC-UA Server EGD USB Interface 1 USB-A 2.0 1 USB-A 2.01 USB-A 2.0Memory Card 1 CFast (Very high speed Compactflash)‡Other Interface 1 RS-232 1 RS-232 1 RS-485Environmental0 … 60 °C0 … 60 °C 0 … 60 °CSpecificationsSmart sychronization – simple, fast and seamless Multi gigabit speed in PACSystems keep CPUs synchronized up to 10KM apart with simple configuration, minimal impact to application performance, and bumpless switchover if a failure occurs.Media friendly, simple to install Built in fiber or copper for required distance, no switches needed – reduces failures†Energy Pak provides power during power failure while data is written to NV RAM ‡Available later 2015。

诺基亚 SCALANCE X204-2 Managed IE 交换机数据手册说明书

Product type designation
Transmission rate Transfer rate
Interfaces / for communication / integrated Number of electrical connections ● for network components or terminal equipment Number of 10/100 Mbit/s RJ45 ports / Integrated ● with securing collar Number of 100 Mbit/s ST(BFOC) ports ● for multimode
Interfaces / others Number of electrical connections ● for signaling contact ● for power supply ● for redundant voltage supply Type of electrical connection ● for signaling contact ● for power supply
SCALANCE X204-2 10 Mbit/s, 100 Mbit/s
4 4 2
1 1 1 2-pole terminal block 4-pole terminal block
6GK5204-2BB10-2AA3 Page 1/6
07/10/2018
Subject to change without notice © Copyright Siemens
● SICLOCK support
Yes
Protocol / is supported
● NTP

计算机网络协议，以太网帧格式

计算机⽹络协议，以太⽹帧格式以太⽹的MAC帧格式有好⼏种，被⼴泛应⽤的是DIX Ethernet V2标准，还有⼀种是IEEE的802.3标准，该标准经过了多年的发展，已经出现了很多种⼦标准。

DIX Ethernet V2 标准与 IEEE 的 802.3 标准只有很⼩的差别，因此可以将 802.3 局域⽹简称为“以太⽹”。

严格说来，“以太⽹”应当是指符合DIX Ethernet V2 标准的局域⽹⼀、DIX Ethernet V2（Ethernet II）1.帧结构2.字段分析=======================================================================================================源MAC地址 ===> 发送⽅的MAC地址=======================================================================================================⽬的MAC地址 ===> 接收⽅的MAC地址=======================================================================================================上层协议类型 ===> 该MAC数据报中包装的⽹络层数据报协议类型若该字段的值⼩于1518，那么这个字段就是长度字段，并定义后⾯的数据字段的长度。

若该字段的值⼤于1518，它就定义使⽤因特⽹服务的上层协议（⼩于0600H的值是⽤于IEEE802的，表⽰数据包的长度）具体协议类型可以参考如下两个表：表1：协议ID（Type）以太⽹协议0x0800Internet Protocol, Version 4(IPv4)0x0806Address Resolution Protocol(ARP)0x0842Wake-on-LAN Magic Packet0x1337SYN-3 Heartbeat Protocol(SYNdog)0x22F3IETF TRILL Protocol0x6003DECnet Phase IV0x8035Reverse Address Resolution Protocol(RARP)0x809B AppleTalk(Ethertalk)0x80F3AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol(AARP)0x8100VLAN-tagged frame(IEEE 802.1Q)0x8137Novell IPX(alt)0x8138Novell0x8204QNX Qnet0x86DD Internet Protocol, Version 6(IPv6)0x8808MAC Control0x8809Slow Protocols(IEEE 802.3)0x8819CobraNet0x8847MPLS unicast0x8848MPLS multicast0x8863PPPoE Discovery Stage0x8864PPPoE Session Stage0x886F Microsoft NLB heartbeat0x8870Jumbo Frames0x887B HomePlug 1.0 MME0x888E EAP over LAN(IEEE 802.1X)0x888E EAP over LAN(IEEE 802.1X)协议ID（Type）以太⽹协议0x8892PROFINET Protocol0x889A HyperSCSI(SCSI over Ethernet)0x88A2ATA over Ethernet0x88A4EtherCat Protocol0x88A8Provider Bridging(IEEE 802.1ad)0x88AB Ethernet Powerlink0x88CC LLDP0x88CD sercos III0x88D8Circuit Emulation Services over Ethernet(MEF-8)0x88E1HomePlug AV MME0x88E3Media Redundancy Protocol(IEC62439-2)0x88E5MAC security(IEEE 802.1AE)0x88F7Precision Time Protocol(IEEE 1588)0x8902IEEE 802.1ag Connectivity Fault Management(CFM) Protocol / ITU-T Recommendation Y.1731(OAM) 0x8906Fibre Channel over Ethernet0x8914FCoE Initialization Protocol0x9000Configuration Test Protocol(Loop)0x9100Q-in-Q表2：以太类型值 (16 进制 )对应协议备注0x0000 - 0x05DC IEEE 802.3 长度0x0101 – 0x01FF实验0x0660XEROX NS IDP0x06610x0800DLOG0x0801X.75 Internet0x0802NBS Internet0x0803ECMA Internet0x0804Chaosnet0x0805X.25 Level 30x0806ARP0x0808帧中继ARP0x6559原始帧中继RFR0x8035动态 DARP，反向地址解析协议 RARP0x8037Novell Netware IPX0x809B EtherTalk0x80D5IBM SNA Services over Ethernet0x80F3AppleTalk 地址解析协议 AARP0x8100以太⽹⾃动保护开关 EAPS0x8137因特⽹包交换 IPX0x814C简单⽹络管理协议 SNMP0x86DD⽹际协议 v6 IPv6重要字段含义：Dest addr ：以太⽹ OAM 报⽂的⽬的 MAC地址，为组播 MAC 地址 0180c2000002Source addr ：以太⽹ OAM 报⽂的源 MAC地址，为发送端的桥 MAC 地址，该地址是⼀个单播 MAC地址Type ：以太⽹ OAM 报⽂的协议类型，为0x8809Subtype ：以太⽹ OAM 报⽂的协议⼦类型，为 0x030x8809OAM Flags ： Flags 域，包含了以太⽹ OAM 实体的状态信息Code ：本字段指明了 OAMPDU 的报⽂类型。

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218IEEETRANSACTIONSONINDUSTRIALINFORMATICS,VOL.9,NO.1,FEBRUARY2013PerformanceAnalysisofMediaRedundancyProtocol(MRP)AlessioGiorgetti,FilippoCugini,FrancescoPaolucci,LucaValcarenghi,Member,IEEE,AlessiaPistone,andPieroCastoldi,Member,IEEE

Abstract—TheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)recentlystandardizedseveralIndustrialEthernetsolu-tionsthatintroducetheﬁeldbusconceptswithinEthernetbasednetworks.Inaddition,theIEC62439standardizedasetofredun-dancymanagementprotocols,includingtheMediaRedundancyProtocol(MRP).Inthisway,IECstandardsprovideavarietyofEthernet-basedsolutionsforsatisfyingbothtemporalandredun-dancymanagementrequirementsofIndustrialAreaNetworks(IANs).Inthispaper,afteradetailedstudyandimplementationofMRP,twofactorsareidentiﬁedthathaveanimportantimpactonthepro-tocolperformance:theoffsettimeandthephysicaldetectiontime.Amethodisthenprovidedtocalculateathresholdtothenetworkre-coverytime.Finally,extensivesimulationsandexperimentalmea-surementsareperformedtoaccuratelyevaluatetheeffectoftheaforementionedfactorsontheprotocolperformance.

IndexTerms—IEC62439,industrialareanetworks(IANs),in-dustrialEthernet,mediaredundancyprotocol(MRP).

I.INTRODUCTION

DURINGthelastdecades,Ethernetimposeditselfasthe

de-factotechnologyforLocalAreaNetworks(LANs).Moreover,duetoitssimplicityandcosteffectiveness,itsuti-lizationiscurrentlyincreasingalsoinMetroAreaNetworks(MANs)andinIndustrialAreaNetworks(IANs)[1]–[3].How-ever,especiallyinIANs,thepenetrationofEthernetencoun-teredsomedifﬁcultiesbecauseofitsnativenondeterministicbehavior.Moreover,theRapidSpanningTreeProtocol(RSTP)[4],usedintraditionalEthernetnetworksforprovidingreli-abilityagainstfailures,doesnotguaranteeadequaterecoverytimeswithrespecttothetypicalgracetimeofindustrialplants(e.g.,20msfortime-criticalautomationsystems)[5]–[7].Sincethebeginningofthe1980s,severalsolutionstosat-isfyIANsrequirementsemergedinbothAmericanandEuro-peanprojects(e.g.,TOP[8]andMAP[9])underthegeneralnameofﬁeldbus.FieldbuseshavebeenextensivelyusedinIANsduringlastdecadesandarestillinuseforawiderangeofapplications[10].However,ifcomparedwithcurrentEthernetnetworks,ﬁeldbustechnologiesarenowobsoleteespeciallyin

ManuscriptreceivedAugust04,2011;revisedNovember04,2011;acceptedJanuary23,2012.DateofpublicationFebruary03,2012;dateofcurrentversionDecember19,2012.Paperno.TII-11-389.A.Giorgetti,F.Paolucci,L.Valcarenghi,andP.CastoldiarewithScuolaSu-perioreSant’Anna(SSSUP),1-56124Pisa,Italy(e-mail:a.giorgetti@sssup.it;alessio.giorgetti@sssup.it).F.CuginiiswiththeConsorzioNazionaleInteruniversitarioperleTeleco-municazioni(CNIT),1-56124Pisa,Italy.A.PistoneiswiththeReteFerroviariaItaliana(RFI),Roma00161,Italy.Colorversionsofoneormoreoftheﬁguresinthispaperareavailableonlineathttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org.DigitalObjectIdentiﬁer10.1109/TII.2012.2186584

Fig.1.Testringnetwork:20Ethernetswitches.termsofthroughput.Indeed,Ethernethasbeencontinuouslyup-gradedand10Gb/sinterfacesarecurrentlyavailableatrela-tivelylowprice[11]–[14].Moreover,inthelastyears,theresearchcommunitypre-sentedseveralworksforimprovingtheEthernetperformanceintermsofpredictabilityandreal-timeguarantees.Threemainapproacheshavebeenproposed:suppressingcollisions,reducingthecollisionprobability,anddeterministicallysolvingthecollisions[15]–[18].Also,anumberofnetworkdevicevendorsrecentlystartedtoofferIANssolutionsbasedonEthernetinterfaces,underthenameofIndustrialEthernet[14],[19]–[21].Thesesolutionsoftenincludeprotocolsfortheautomaticmanagementoffailuresassumingaringtopology.ThedesignofredundancymanagementprotocolsforprovidingfasttrafﬁcrecoveryinEthernet-basedringnetworksisalsoahotresearchtopic[7],[22],[23].Indeed,thesimplicityoftheringtopologyallowseffectiveanddeterministictrafﬁcrecoverywithintypicalgracetimes.Inalmostallthecommerciallyavailableredundancyman-agementprotocols,oneswitchoftheringhastheroleofringmanager,whiletheremainingswitcheshavetheroleofringclients(Fig.1).Eachswitchisconnectedtotheringthroughtworingports.Theringmanagerisresponsibleforhandlingfailure/recoveryevents.Inparticular,innormalworkingcondi-tions,theringmanagerkeepsoneofthetworingportsintheblockedstatus(i.e.,thedottedlinkinFig.1)toavoidloopingandguaranteetheprotocolfunctionality[4].Thefailuredetec-tioncanbeperformedwithtwodifferentmechanisms.Inthecyclic-pollingmechanism,theringmanagermonitorstheringstatusbycontinuouslysendingcontrolframesonthetworingports,andwaitingforthesameframesontheoppositeringport.Ifacertainnumberofcontrolframesarelosttheringmanagerassumesafailurehasoccurred.Inthefailurenotiﬁcationmech-anism,aringclientdetectingaloss-of-signalcommunicatesthefailuretotheringmanager.Inbothmechanisms,uponfailure