Tense and voice时态语态练习
tenses and voices
动词的时态和语态动词是英语语言的核心，作谓语时通过不同时态和语态表达着不同含义，作非谓语时更增加了英语表达的多样性和丰富性。
因此对动词的考查也是高考的重点。
应该说，每一种题型的考查都离不开对动词时态和语态及非谓语形式的考查，尤其是在语法填空和写作中。
正确完成语法填空所做的思考是写作中正确使用时态和语态及非谓语的基础。
本练习着重语法填空中的时态语态考查。
A.时态的复习参看Module 8 P.95,首先分清过去、现在和将来三个时间段，清楚理解不同时态的意义，准确记忆不同时态的结构。
参看《三维设计》P.234，准确记忆常跟特定时态连用的时间状语和句型。
B.语态的复习参看《三维设计》P.235，清楚理解被动语态的意义，准确记忆被动语态在不同时态中的结构；特别注意一些词语和结构的特殊情况。
I. 广东高考真题及各市模拟题1. (2013年) One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16__ (find) that he had run out of salt.2. (2012) Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __16__ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __17__ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.3. (2011)…and then I noticed a man __18__ (sit) at the front. He __19 __ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be __20__ (mental) disabled.4. (2010) After a four-day journey, the young man __33__ (present) the water to the old man.5. (2009) Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not __33__ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or __34__ (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain…When Jane got home with her small but well-chosen present (a pipe) in her bag, she __40__ (inform) that her father had decided to stop smoking.6. (2008) T he proverb, “plucking up a crop __32__ (help) it grow” is saying we have to let things go in their __39__ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often __40__ (result) in the contrary to our intention.7. (2007) I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car __31__ (break) down near a remote and poor village.8. It was a city in Hubei Province. On International Children’s Day, some orphans from the Wuhan Welfare Institute for Children _____ (take) to the park. An elderly westerner was with them.9. I politely declined her invitation, __40__ (close) my book and walked away.10. On their return the father asked his son __33__ (explain) what he had learnt. The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, __34__ (reply) in a way that shocked his father.11. Scientists think that __37__ water levels rose, there was less and less land and food available. The dinosaur __38__ (force) to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal __39__ (need) less space and food. 12. Sixteen of __37__ twenty-seven nations in the European Union use euro as their currency. Now, the stronger members __38__ ( seek) ways to help the weaker ones. European Union rules limit the choices for a rescue. The European Central Bank and national central banks are not permitted to aid members by purchasing their debt.II.More exercises1. The students _______ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs at the beginning of every term.2. A new computer ___________ (equip) in the office sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He ____________ (must take) to the hospital.4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits _______ (sell) in this shop. This kind of apple _______ (sell) especially well.5. --What ___ a knife ______ (make) of? -- It _____________ (make) of metal and wood.6. A Piano concert _______ (give) here last Friday.7. Clear the rubbish! It ______________ (lie) there for several days!8. The room __________ (clean) by my mother every day.9. The stars _____________ (cannot see) in the daytime.10. The flowers __________ (water) by Li Ming already.11. These kinds of machines ____________ (make) in Japan.12. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds ___________ (hold) everywhere since ancient time.13. Russian ____________ (learn) as the second language by some students in China decades ago.14. Planes, cars and trains ___________ (use) by business people for travelling.15. The old cinema _________ (build) in 1985 and a new one ___________ (build) at present and _________ (complete) next July.16. I ________ (come) to Dongguan 10 years ago and _________ (stay) here ever since.17. She ________ (catch) the student cheating in the exam.18. The student ______________ (catch) cheating in the exam.19. ________ (catch) cheating in the exam, the student was punished.18. The PLA _____ (found) on August 1st,1927.19. These exercises ________ (intend) to get you familiar with the new words.20. --_____ you ____(see) the film yet? --Yes, I _______ (see) it last week.21. On the front wall ____________ (hang) a painting by Qi Baishi.22. The painting ____________ (hang) on the front wall is really attractive.23. Please have your coat _____________ (hang) behind the door.24. That criminal ____________ (hang) the other day was a murderer.25. --Listen! John _______ (sing). -- oh, he ____________ (hear sing) every day.26. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ (change) so rapidly.27. He ___________ (lie) awake in bed last night, ________ (think) of the good old days.28. It was that waitress who _____________ (lay) the table.29. The hen ____________ (lay) an egg yesterday will be killed soon today.30. Festivals ___________ (mean) to celebrate important times of year.31. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ (see) advertisements showing happy families.32. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ___________ (reach) 50 million.33. When Jack arrived he learned Mary __________ (be) away for almost an hour.34. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ___________ (wash) away each year.35. In Spain, two children are being treated for cell phone addiction(上瘾). Three months ago the children, aged 12 and 13, _______ (send) to the clinic by their parents, ________ said they could not carry out normal activities without their cell phones.36. I knew right away what it was, because I ________ (see) similar things before.37. Yuan Longping ____________ (refer) as “the father of hybrid rice”.38.“I will sell you this rose bush at a _______ (low) price than usual，”said the man. Silly Snake ______ (pay) and the man gave him the rose bush.I. 广东高考真题及各市模拟题1. (2013年) One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16_found_ (find) that he had run out of salt.2. (2012) Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __16_wearing_ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __17_had bought_ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.3. (2011)…and then I noticed a man __18_sitting_ (sit) at the front. He __19 _was pretending_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be __20_mentally_ (mental) disabled.4. (2010) After a four-day journey, the young man __33_presented_ (present) the water to the old man.5. (2009) Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not __33_a_ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or __34_pushed_ (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain…When Jane got home with her small but well-chosen present (a pipe) in her bag, she __40_was informed_ (inform) that her father had decided to stop smoking.6. (2008) T he proverb, “plucking up a crop __32_to help_ (help) it grow” is saying we have to let things go in their __natural__ (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often __40_results_ (result) in the contrary to our intention.7. (2007) I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car __31_broke_ (break) down near a remote and poor village.8. It was a city in Hubei Province. On International Children’s Day, some orphans from the Wuhan Welfare Institute for Children __were taken___ (take) to the park. An elderly westerner was with them.9. I politely declined her invitation, __closed__ (close) my book and walked away.10. On their return the father asked his son __33_to explain_ (explain) what he had learnt. The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, __34_replied_ (reply) in a way that shocked his father…11. Scientists think that __37_as/when_ water levels rose, there was less and less land and food available. The dinosaur __38_was forced_ (force) to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal __39_needing_ (need) less space and food.12. Sixteen of __37_the_ twenty-seven nations in the European Union use euro as their currency. Now, the stronger members __38_are seeking_ ( seek) ways to help the weaker ones. European Union rules limit the choices for a rescue. The European Central Bank and national central banks are not permitted to aid members by purchasing their debt.II.More exercises1. The students ___are told__ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs at the beginning of every term.2. A new computer __will be equipped__ (equip) in the office sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He __must be taken___ (must take) to the hospital.4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits __are sold_ (sell) in this shop. This kind of apple _sells (sell) especially well.5. --What _is_ a knife __made_ (make) of? -- It _is made__ (make) of metal and wood.6. A piano concert __was given___ (give) here last Friday.7. Clear the rubbish! It _has lain/ has been lying_ (lie) there for several days!8. The room __is cleaned__ (clean) by my mother every day.9. The stars __cannot be seen___ (cannot see) in the daytime.10. The flowers _have been watered___ (water) by Li Ming already.11. These kinds of machines __are made___ (make) in Japan.12. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds __have been held__ (hold) everywhere since ancient time.13. Russian __was learned/t___ (learn) as the second language by some students in China decades ago.14. Planes, cars and trains __are used__ (use) by business people for travelling.15. The old cinema __was built__ (build) in 1985 and a new one __is being built_____ (build) at present and __will be completed___ (complete) next July.16. I _came_ (come) to Dongguan 10 years ago and _have stayed/have been staying(the latter is preferred)_ (stay) here ever since.17. She __caught__ (catch) the student cheating in the exam.18. The student _was caught_ (catch) cheating in the exam.19. __Caught__ (catch) cheating in the exam, the student was punished.18. The PLA __was founded__ (found) on August 1st,1927.19. These exercises _ are intended__ (intend) to get you familiar with the new words.20. --_Have__ you __seen_(see) the film yet? --Yes, I __saw__ (see) it last week.21. On the front wall __hangs__ (hang) a painting by Qi Baishi.22. The painting ___hanging___ (hang) on the front wall is really attractive.23. Please have your coat __hung___ (hang) behind the door.24. That criminal __hanged__ (hang) the other day was a murderer.25. --Listen! John _ is singing__ (sing). -- oh, he __is heard to sing__ (hear sing) every day.26. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology __is changing_ (change) so rapidly.27. He __lay__ (lie) awake in bed last night, __thinking___ (think) of the good old days.28. It was that waitress who _ laid___ (lay) the table.29. The hen __laying___ (lay) an egg yesterday will be killed soon today.30. Festivals __are meant__ (mean) to celebrate important times of year.31. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _will see_ (see) advertisements showing happy families.32. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book __have reached___ (reach) 50 million.33. When Jack arrived, he learned Mary _had been ___ (be) away for almost an hour.Compare: 学生卷没有此题：Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Professor Johnson _ was just leaving ___, so we only had time for a few words.34. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _are being washed/ are washed (the former is preferred)_ (wash) away each year.35. In Spain, two children are being treated for cell phone addiction(上瘾). Three months ago the children, aged 12 and 13, __were sent___ (send) to the clinic by their parents, __who__ said they could not carry out normal activities without their cell phones.36. I knew right away what it was, because I __had seen__ (see) similar things before.37. Yuan Longping __is referred as__ (refer) as “the father of hybrid rice”.38.“I will sell you this rose bush at a __lower___ (low) price than usual，”said the man. Silly Snake __paid__ (pay) and the man gave him the rose bush…which turned out to have been stolen by that man from Silly Snake’s Mum’s garden and was recognized by her the moment Silly Snake gave it to her as Mother’s Day’s present!。
tense&voice
过去将来时
be about to do sth… when be on the point of doing … when… 正要做……这时…… 我正要离开，这时电话响了。 I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 她正要离开，我就到了。 She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.
一般过去
过去进行 过去完成
一般将来
过去将来
next…, tomorrow, in…
多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后 的动作
Grammar Revision
被动语态
1. 要求参观者自己带水和食物。 The visitors are required to bring the food and water by themselves. 强调或突出动作的承受者 to 2. 改错： Your pronunciation should be paid attention .
4.如果你请他, 他会来的。 He will come if you invite him. (主将从现：条件或时间状语从句中)
一般过去时
5.我们小时候常在一起玩。 We often played together when we were children. (过去经常的习惯性的动作) 6. 三天前我买了辆新车。 I bought a new car three days ago. （过去完成的动作或状态）
主动表被动
1. 这正是一个值得游览的地方。 It is the very place that is worth visiting. need, want, require 2. 这间房子需要重新粉刷。 The house needs painting/ to be painted again. 3. 这本书好卖。 描述物质属性的动词 The book sells well. 4. 英语很难学。 English is hard to learn. 不定式的逻辑主语是 句子的主语或以for sb. 形式出现
Tense and Voice(时态和语态)
Tense and Voice 时态和语态I. TenseBy tense, we mean a grammatical category indicating when and how a stated action takes place. In theories of modern linguistics, English has two tenses, present and past; and two aspects, progressive and perfect. But more prevailing in China’s EFL teaching is a traditional view that the tense contains two concepts, time and aspect. The former includes past, present, future, and past future; while the latter covers simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous. In consequence, it is generally believed that there are sixteen tenses in the English language. Another important point about tense in English is that different tenses are indicated by different verb forms, involving the use of auxiliary verbs. In the Chinese language, however, there is no grammatical tense and the time reference is expressed by adverbials, phrases of time, and so forth. The following table shows clearly what verb form should be used for each tense. (The verb “write” is taken for example.)time aspect simple continuous perfect prefect continuous present write/writes am/is/are writing have/has written have/has been writing past wrote was/were writing had written had been writingfuture shall/willwriteshall/will bewritingshall/will havewrittenshall/will have beenwritingpast future should/wouldwriteshould/would bewritingshould/wouldhave writtenshould/would havebeen writingAfter we know what verb forms are used for different tenses, a new question is facing us: in what situations should we use each tense? This question is of great significance because only a good understanding of it can lead language learners to proficiency in the use of verbs.1.1 The Present TensesThe Simple Present Tense is often used to denote an action which takes place frequently at the present time, or a present existence or state of affairs that the subject is in. It should also be borne in mind that a future action arranged according to the schedule and one in adverbial clauses of time, condition, or concession both call for a verb in its simple present tense. Furthermore, this tense can be used for scientific statements and proverbs, in which an eternal truth is illuminated, or for sports commentaries, news titles, stage or picture descriptions, plot introductions, and so on. (1)He often surfs on the Internet for a great variety of information.(他经常上网获取各种各样的信息。
英语语法复习(tense and voice)
一般将来时
一、一般将来时的构成：助动词will+动词 原形 be+going to +动词原形 • 在口语中， will 在名词或代词后常缩为 ’ll，will not 常简缩为won’t。在疑问 句中， • 主语为第一人称时（I 和we）时，常用 助动词shall。 • 例如：She’ll go to play basketball. 她要去打篮球。 • Shall we go to the zoo? 我们要去动物 园吗？
• 、be about to +不定式，意为马上做某 事。不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示 明确将来时的时间状语连用。 • 例如：He is about to lea ve for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
三、be going to +不定式，表示将来。
•
• • • • • •
•• • • • •1、表示主语进行某一行动的打算意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含 有自己做好某些准备的意思。即计划，安排要发生的事。 例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 2、表示说话人确信如此或有某种迹象表明某事即将发生。 例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌 云，快要下雨了。 3、注意：be going to 和will 之间的区别。 ○1 两者都用于预测时，be going to 意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生， 属客观的推测；will则意指说话人认为/相信某件事将要发生，属主观的 推测。 ○2 两者在时间的发生上，be going to 通常表示马上要发生或相当快就 要发生的事情；而will 不指明任何具体时间，可以指遥远的未来。 例如：He is gong in to be better. 他的病就要好起来了。He will be better. 他的病会好起来了。 ○3 两者都表示意图时，be going to 含有预先计划、准备的意思；will 则指未经过预先思考或计划，是临时的一种决定。 ○4 在条件壮语从句中，be going to 表将来,will 表意愿。 例如：If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.如果你将要去旅行，最好尽快做好准备。 Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her. 如果你去问高老师 ，她会告诉你答案。
语法练习语态时态和语气
语法练习语态时态和语气语法练习：语态、时态和语气语法中的语态、时态和语气是我们编写准确、流畅的句子所必须掌握的重要要素。
正确运用这些语法规则，可以使我们的表达更加清晰、准确。
本文将对语态、时态和语气进行分析和练习。
一、语态（Voice）语态是表示动作的主语与谓语动词之间的关系，典型的语态有主动态和被动态。
1. 主动态（Active Voice）：强调主语执行动作。
例句：Tom eats an apple.（汤姆吃了一个苹果。
）2. 被动态（Passive Voice）：强调动作的承受者。
例句：The apple is eaten by Tom.（苹果被汤姆吃了。
）练习：将下列主动态句子改写为被动态。
1. She opened the window.2. They built a new house.3. He will finish the work tomorrow.答案：1. The window was opened by her.2. A new house was built by them.3. The work will be finished by him tomorrow.二、时态（Tense）时态是表示动作发生的时间，常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
1. 一般现在时（Simple Present）：表示经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
例句：She works in a hospital.（她在医院工作。
）2. 一般过去时（Simple Past）：表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例句：I studied English last night.（昨晚我学英语了。
）3. 一般将来时（Simple Future）：表示将来发生的动作或状态。
例句：We will visit our grandparents next month.（下个月我们将去拜访祖父母。
）练习：将下列句子改写为对应时态。
Tense and voic
Tense and voice事实---动作持续---短暂完成---进行真实---虚拟一般现在时态1不受时间限制的客观存在（区别过去时态受时间限制，进行时态/完成时态时间的阶段性）2现在习惯动作3现在瞬间动作（用于报道/解说）4 I hope/I bet/see to it/make sure/make certain that 分句及if/when引导的条件/时间分句一般过去时态1特定过去时间一次完成的动作/存在的状态（强调事实，区别现在完成时态强调影响）2过去习惯动作3特定句型中表现在或将来A 委婉语气B It’s time/I wish/I’d rather/if/as if/if only引导的虚拟语气现在进行时态1话语时正在进行2话语现阶段正在进行3与等频度状语连用，表感情色彩（区别一般现在时态表事实）4计划近期即将发生的动作（区别一般现在时态用于从句或时间表/组织的安排，一般不改变，will用于话语时的决定/意愿，be going to用于话语前的决定却有可能改变/进程已开始/自然现象be to 用于报道/应该be about to用于有突发事情时）过去进行时态1话语前某时/某阶段正在进行的动作（具有未完成性/强调动作，区别过去时态的完成/事实性，现在完成时态的影响/现在完成进行时态话语后的持续性）2用于wonder, hope, think, want等动词，表委婉语气3为突发事情提供背景（有时用be about to）现在完成1已完成，强调过去的事对现在的影响（言外之意重于事实，注意与since/for搭配的动词是否具有延续性）2未完成，常用时于动作没有明显的中3在it’s/will be the first time that sb. have done sthit was the first time that sb.had done sth及in the past few years/ever since中过去完成时态1先于过去一动作发生，有明显的先后比较（如果没有明显的比较，则均用过去时态）2想象性用法，表过去未实现的愿望（常用于think/believe/suppose/mean/intend/hope等动词）3 强调动作的完成，常用于by then/last week, five minutes before等短语一. Put the verb in brackets into the simple present or simple past tense.1 I’ll make sure that everything ______________ (be) in order.2 I hope that I ________(see) you there.3 See that you __________ (be) ready at 8 o’clock.4 I’m getting tired---it’s time we __________(go) home.5 I’d rather you ______________(buy) a car.6 I feel as if my head _________(be) on fire.7 Isn’t it about time you ______ (set to) and __________(do) some work?8 It’s high time we__________(have) a rest.9 He acts as if he ________(know) English perfectly.10 I wish I _________ (know) his name.11 I’d rather you ___________(live) closer to us.12 I __________( wonder) if you were free this evening.13 I hope you _______( sleep) well.14 I __________ (say) you are wrong.15 John __________ (tell) me that there was a car accident last night.16 I ________ (hear)old Mr Smith has lost her cat.17 I ________ (want) to ask if I could borrow your ladder.18 The ten o’clock news ________( say) it’s going to be cold tomorrow.19 I _________ (suggest) you phone me tomorrow.20 Two and three __________ (make) five.21 I hope she ________ (not dislike) the flowers.22 If only I ________ (have) more money, I could buy some new clothes.23 I bet I ________ (get )there before you.24 Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you __________ (come )next weekend.25 -----I haven’t got a table cloth.------Suppose we _____ (use) a sheet?26 -------Daddy, can I watch TV?-------Suppose you _____ (do) your homework first?27 If it ________ (rain), the match would be cancelled.28 I _________(gather) Peter is looking for a job.二Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the present progressive.1 My sister__________ (live) at home for the moment.2 You _______( live )in North London, don’t you?3 Why that girl _______ (stand) on the table?4 Chetford castle ___________(stand) on a hill just outside the town.5 She _______( see )her doctor twice a week.6 The weather ___________ (get) better and better.7 We probably _________( spend) next weekend at home.8 Water ___________( boil) at 212 Fahrenheit degrees.9 The bottle _________ (boil), shall I make tea?10 George _________ (get) up at five o’clock everyday this week to prepare for his examination.11 He always ____________( write) with a special pen, just because he likes to be different.12 What you _________(talk) about? I can’t make head or tail of it.13 Mrs Jones: My daughter never ___________ (write) to me so I never _________( know) what she __________ (do). Your son _________ (write) to you, Mrs Smith?Mrs Smith: Yes, I __________ (hear) from him every week. He _________(seem) to like writing letters.14 A: They always _______( hammer) next door.B: Yes, that house _____________ (keep) changing hands and the owner always _________(begin) by putting in a new fireplace, and their fireplace is just on the other side of thiswall so we ______ (hear) everything. The wall _______ (shake), too.15 Tom: I _________( smell )something burning!Jack: So _________ (do) I . I ________( think) it __________( come )from the kitchen. Ann probably _________( iron). She usually _________( iron) and _________ (watch) TV at the same moment and if she _________(get) very interested in a program she _____________ (forget) that she ___________ (press) a hot iron on to somebody’s shirt. Mother _______________ (think) of selling the TV set.三Write either the simple past or the past progressive form as appropriate:1 When she ___________(arrive), I __________ （telephone ）Harry.(She arrived during my telephone call.)2 When she _____________ (arrive), I _____________（telephone ）Harry.( I telephoned after her arrival.)3 A: What you _________( do) today?B: Oh, I ___________(just do) some typing.4 He _________ (always ring) me up.5 A wood fire _________ (burn) on the hearth, and a car __________( sleep) in front of it. A girl _____________ (play) the piano and _________ (sing) softly to herself. Suddenly there ___________ (be) a knock on the door. The girl ___________(stop) playing. The cat _______ (wake) up.6 She is alive! She _________ (drown) but that handsome young man _________ (dive) in and __________ (save) her in time.7 I ________________ (listen) to the radio when you ________________(ring) the bell the first time, and that’s why I __________( not hear) you..8 The first plane _______________ (explode) just as our plane ___________ (land), but our pilot skillfully ____________(climb) up again before touching the tarmac. All the people who__________( wait) for us __________( witness) the incident.9 I’m afraid there’s no more bread. We __________( eat) it a ll last night. In any case, it _________( go) stale.10 While the train _______________( still move), a great many men suddenly ________( jump) out. I ________( think) that something terrible __________ (happen), so I ____________( run) away.四Put the verbs in brackets into the progressive or non-progressive form:1 My answer _____________ (differ) from yours in every details.2 I can’t remember who this __________( belong) to.3 We _____________( land). Fasten your seat belt.4 As soon as I ____________( know), I’ll ring you up.5 Go away. We _________( are) busy. We _______________( have) a lot of work to do.6 I __________( get )tired. Would you get me a chair?7 Tell me if it __________ (taste) too sweet.8 Somebody _________ (wait) to speak to me.9 Hurry up. The train ___________ (just come) in.10 The Nile __________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.11 We must take an umbrella. It _________ (rain).12 Wood usually __________( float) on water.13 Look out! The ceiling ___________ (fall) in.14 Six times sixteen _________ (equal) ninety-six.15 A: What’s the matter? Why the train ________ (stop)?B: Because the signal is against us.16 A: I __________(realize) I shouldn’t have said that.B: That’s all right. I __________ (forgive) you.17 He can’t see you now. He __________ (dictate) letters.18 Don’t talk to me. I _______ (try) to learn this page by heart.19 It’s too late. Nothing ___________( matter) now.20 A: Call a doctor quickly! The old man ________( die).B: The doctor is on his way. He _______( just leave) his house.21 This matter ______( concern) me, I think.22 I ________ (prefer) tea to coffee.23 I _________( smell) gas. It_____________ (smell) awful.24 Tom always ___________( go) away for weekends.25 Why you __________( sit) at my desk?26 I _________( suppose) you ________( know) what this ________(_mean).28 I ______________ (appreciate) what you’ve done for me.29 Apples _______ (cost) a lot this time of year.30 We _________ (grow) our own vegetables and always _________ (have) enough.五Write either the simple present or the present progressive form as appropriate:1 Go away. We __________( be) busy. We __________( have) a lot of work to do.2 Wait for me. You _________( be) impatient. I still __________ (have) my breakfast.3 A: I _____________( think) you are crazy.B: Be quite. I ________ (think).4 I __________ (expect) a visitor.5 I _________ (expect) you are rather tired.6 You ________ (mind) if I open the window?7 Anyone _____________( mind) the baby while you’re out?8 Speak up, he __________ (not) hear well.9 The judge _________( hear) the case now.10 I’m bending down because I ______________( smell) these flowers.11 Come quickly, I ________ (smell) burning.12 I _______ (forget) my German because I never speak it.13 You ___________(forget) everything I told you.14 We __________( consider) him to be very loyal.15 The committee is still in session. It ____________ (consider) what action to take.16 The children __________ (be) very quite. I ____________ (wonder) what they’re up to.17 Hold your arm out--- I ___________ (measure) your sleeve.18 The room ________________ (measure) five metres by four.19 This rule _________( apply) to everyone who ___________( apply) for this post.20 I _________ (apply) to you for assistance.21 I ________________( taste) this soup. I _________ (taste) pepper in it. It _________( taste) hot.22 I can’t walk any further. My leg ____________( hurt) badly.23 Please stop. You __________( hurt) my leg.24 _________( feel )that radiator. It __________( feel) very hot?25 A: The city ____________ (extend) for miles and miles.B: Yes, they ___________( extend) it all the time.26 A: What you _____________( think) of it?B: I ___________( not think) much of it.27 Why you __________ (smell) the fish? Has it gone bad?28 The plumber is here. He __________ (see to) the leak in our tank29A:How you _________ (feel)?B: I ___________ (feel) better.30 This soup __________ (taste) better, but I still __________ (think) it needs more salt.六Write either the present perfect or the present perfect progressive as appropriate:1 A: You _______________ (telephone) for ages. You not nearly ___________(finish)?B: I ___________(not get) through yet. I __________ (try) to get our Paris office but the line ______( be engaged) all morning.2 A: You look exhausted!B: Yes, I __________( play) tennis and I ________ (not play )for years, so I’m not used to it.3 I __________ (write) an essay since two o’clock.4 How long you _________ (learn ) English?5 He _____________ (sleep) since ten o’clock. It’s time he woke up.6 He _________ (cough) a lot lately. He ought to give up smoking.7 I _________(know) Miss Huggins for several years. I _________(read) her latest novel , but I _________(not finish).8 This is the third time you __________(be) here. What exactly you __________(come) for now?9 John ___________(learn) for several years, and at last he __________(master) the irregular verbs.10 It _________ (rain) but it ____________(stop) now.11 I _____________(travel) a lot in America.( =I know America.)12 You __________(read) War and Peace?(=Do you know War and Peace?)13 I ____________(read)your book.(=I haven’t finished it.)14 I ____________(read) your book.(=I’ve finished it.)15 Some fool __________ (let) the cat in.16 She __________ (cry ) again.(Look, her eyes are red!)17 Peter ______________ (injure) his ankle.(His ankle is still bad)18 The President ____________(assassinate).(=The President is dead.)19 I ______________(work) all day.(an d I’m tired out.)21He __________________(lose) money for years (and will probably continue to lose money.)七Put the verbs in brackets into proper forms.1 It’s the first time I ___________ (explain) this particular aspect of grammar.2 A: Is your new car going OK?B: Oh yes, perfectly. It’s the first Ford we ________(have) and I must say I’m very satisfied w ith it.3 A: Derek’s a fool. He____________(drink) a lot at a party yesterday and then __________(drive) home. Of course the police ________(get) and ______________(give) him a breathalyzer.B: It’s the second time he ____________(breathalyzer); they’ll probably ban him from driving for two years.4 I was lucky actually because that _________(be) the second time I _________(visit) China that year.5 This wasn’t the first time John______________( try) to travel in this strange fashion.6 A: I’ll have to t ake my car in to be repaired tomorrow, the steering is gone wobbly.B: Didn’t you nave trouble with it before?A: Yes, that’s what annoys me, tomorrow__________( be )the second time I ____________(have) to have the steering seen to.7 A: Are you going abroad this year?B: No, we __________ (stay )at home and decorate the house. It_________( be) the first holiday I _______________(not be) abroad.8 A: I’m dreading teaching practice next week. It ____________ (be) the first time I _____________ (teach) c hildren. B: Don’t worry, it’ll be a bit difficult the first time you __________(teach) them ---they might play you up a bit. But the second time you__________( take) them it ___________(be) all right. They soon get used to you.9 A: How you _________ (get) on with the decorating ?B: Considering it’s the first time I ___________ (do )any painting, not bad at al. Still, it’s about time I __________( learn) something about home decorating.10 A: You ever _______( be) to Portugal?B: Yes, I _________(go)there five years ago. I _________(_go) on a package tour. In fact it ________( be )the firsttime I ________(be) on a package tour and I ____________ (like) it so much I always __________(go) on package tours now.八Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past or the past perfect form:1 I’d rather you __________( go) now.2 I wish I _______( be) handsome.3 She wishes she ___________( not say )it.4 A: I wish I ___________(not drink )so much red wine!B: Yes! If only you ___________(_not drink )so much red wine!5 A: We __________( expect )that you would plaster the walls this week!B: I’m sorry! I ____________( intend )to plaster them this week, but I’ve been too busy.6 I’ve just lost my bicycle. I wish I __________(not lose) it.7 If only you _________(not tell) Jackie what I said, everything would have been all right.8 I wish I __________(know) his name!9 Don’t you wish you__________ (come )earlier?10 I _____________(mean )to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.11 They _____________(_want) to help but couldn’t get there in time.12 If the weather _________(not be) warm, you couldn’t grow tobacco.13 If the weather ___________(not be) warm, you couldn’t have grown tobacco.14 He said he wished he ____________(never see) me.15 I’d rathe r you _____________ (give )me a new one instead of having the old one repaired as you did.16You look as if you ______________ (see) a ghost.17 If you ___________(ask) me I would have told you the whole story.18 I wish I ____________(not break) it.19 Wh y is she looking at me as though she _______________(know) me? I’ve never seen her before in my life.20 If writing _______________(never invent), we would have no books.九Correct the errors in the following sentences if any:1 I’m living in Greece since 1976.2 Have you had good weather last weekend?3 I can’t go on holiday because I broke my leg.4 I’ve seen Mary yesterday.5 What have you been doing before you left Cambridge/6 I’m waiting for three quarters of an hour .7 We have this flat since 1955.8 I studied human nature all my life.9 Who has given you that lovely necklace?10That’s a nice picture. Have you painted it yourself?11 I’ve just now fallen downstairs.12We’ve been having our new car for three days.13 According to the latest reports, government forces pushed back the rebels and retook the town.14 Lincoln has been assassinated for political reasons.15 I haven’t been knowing Philip for long.16 Some people think that Shakespeare has traveled a lot in Germany.17 I’ve spoken to the boss today about my holiday.18 It’s a long time since you didn’t come to see me.19 James sees a lot of Alice lately.20 I always liked English people.Passive voice一Turn into passive structures if possible:1 Builders built this house in 19682 People speak English almost all over the world3 No one .has beaten him at tennis.4 They use milk for making butter and cheese.5 They are repairing my piano for the moment.6 Somebody has cleaned my shoes.7 You have borne yourself bravely in the battle.8 He said they were starting a new system.9 You can’t wash this dress; you must dry-clean it.10They will adopt a different attitude.11 She could see herself in the mirror.12You are to leave the bag here.13 They will send him to school on Wednesday.14 People mustn’t leave bicycles in the hall15 They used to start these engines by hand.16 He lacks confidence.17 We are going to paint the wall clean.18 They ask you several questions.19 We could hardly see each other in the fog.20 I told him never to come here again.21 People proved him wrong.22 You should have taken these books back to the library.23 They may have left it in the sun.24 They have four children and a nice apartment.25 You needn’t type this letter.26 John seems to like Mary very much.27 They boy happened to meet her in the street.28 Their plans haven’t borne fruit.29 The property has changed hands recently .30 When will the football match take place?二Put into the passive , supplying the “by-phrase” only if it contains relevant and essential information.1 Who wrote it?2 Has someone posted my parcel?3 A man with a scar across his face held my attention.4 No one has ever equaled your record.5 Why did no one inform me of the change of plans?6 They waste a lot of time discussing unimportant things.7 We have to give the books back; they didn’t allow us to take them home.8 A machine could do this much more easily.9 They invited Jack but they didn’t invi te Tom.10 Didn’t they tell you to be back here by six o’clock?11 The police are sure to ask you that question.12 You should bear in mind that he wasn’t present.13 Robert Boyle discovered the principle known as Boyle’s Law.14 When I returned I found that they had towed my car away. I asked why they had done this and they told me that itwas because I had parked it under a NO PARKING sign.15It must have disappointed him terribly that people told him they didn’t want him.三In each pair of the following italicized active /passive structures determine which is more appropriate according to context and give reasons for your choice:1 These engines used to be started by hand. Now we started them by electricity/Now they are started by electricity.2 The injured were allowed home after treatment at the local hospital , but one of the firemen was detained for observation/but the hospital detained one of the firemen for observation.3 Compare clothes which we have washed /which have been washed by us with clothes washed by any other laundry. 4After the government had spent a million pounds on the scheme it was decided /they decided that it was impracticable and should be given up.5 The ship was put into quarantine and they forbade passengers and crew to land /and passengers and crew were forbidden to land.6 One of the great advantages of atomic power stations is the fact that people can build them /they can be built in the very region where power is to be used.7 Observation are made daily at two hundred weather stations in and around the British Isles, which send in reports every three hours. Weather ships also make measurements of wind speed, temperature and pressure in the Atlantic /Measurements of wind speed, temperature and pressure are also made by weather ships in the Atlantic.8 It was twenty years ago and I was living in Paris. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarter overlooking a cemetery and barely enough money was earned to keep body and soul together /and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together.四P ut into the passive , supplying the “by-phrase” only if it contains relevant essential information.1 We have talked about this topic for years.2 We shall then deal with it more fully.3 They didn’t look after the children properly.4 Have you looked into this matter?5 Is anybody attending to you?6 Thieves broke into Smith’s warehouse last night.7 They have turned down my application.8 I will bring up this question at our next meeting.9 Fog held up the trains.10 The facts do not bear your argument.11 These entertainers make up their stories.12 You have filled in the application incorrectly13 They thought out the scheme carefully.14 The shops put up the price.15 The studio will blow up your photographs well.16 We can play back the record programs.17 We put up with these interruptions.18 The office staff are looking forward to his retirement very much.19 She is facing up to the responsibilities badly.20 Everyone looked up to him.21 They has done away with this piece of legislation reluctantly22 Her story didn’t take him in.23 Special coaching got me through the written papers.24 All the ministers will see him off at the airport.25 The instructors put him off driving altogether.五Put into the passive , using two forms when possible:1 I have taken careful notes of your remarks.2 It’s obvious that they never paid attention to the matter.3 The government made an example of these prisoners.4 Mary realized that they were making fun of her.5 You must lay special emphasis on the choice of words.6 They lost track of the plane about an hour out from Guangzhou Airport.7 In the article he made no mention of the importance if combating pollution in the process of industrialization.8 We must take full advantage of the excellent situation both at home and abroad.9 We must put an end to this state of things as soon as possible.10They have made a mess of the house.六Rephrase the following statements using “get-passive”1 That picture was damaged when we were moving.2 How was the window broken?3 Everybody said I would be killed if I tried to sail round the world on my own.4 The teacher punished the child.5 More and more people in New York are being attacked in the underground these days.6 I’m not surprised that he has married again.7 She burned the puddings.8 He broke his arm in a fight.9 Mary tore her dress on a nail.10 A storm damaged the ship.11 In the end they invited her to the party.12 Eventually they translated the story into English.13 Finally I had the car repaired.14 He’s afraid they’ll put him in jail for debt.七将来时态填空用Will-----shall改写下列句子1.I’d like you to wait a minute.=_________you wait a minute?2.I want you to buy me some stamps.= _________you buy me some stamps?3.Do you want me to drive you home?= _________ I drive you home?4.Would you like me to start now?= _________ I start now?5.I suggest we have a party.= _________ we have a party?6.I suggest we go for a walk.= _________we go for a walk?7.Would it be a good idea for us to buy a new one?= _________we buy a new one?8.Would it be a good idea to wait till later?= _________we buy a new one?9.I promise to speak to him about it.= I _________ speak to him about it.10.I promise to take care of it.= I __________________ take care of it.11.I promise not to do it again.= I _________ not to do it again.12.I promise not to be late = I _________ not to be late13.He refuses to pay for her coffee.= He _________ pay for her coffee.14.I refuse to answer that question.= I _________15.The cork refuses to come out.= This cork_________ come out.16.This mark refuses to come off.= This mark _________ come off.用Will-----shall填空1.I _________lend you the book you asked for yesterday if I get it back from my friend.2.I bet she _________work harder from now on.3.I think the guests _________arrive soon.4.I feel certain he _________ change his job soon.5.I _________ not wait any longer.6.I suppose the roses _________ come out soon.7.Do you think it _________ rain?8.---There is somebody coming up the stairs.---That _________be Mary.9.---The phone rings---That _________be Jeremy.10._________ I fetch you a piece of cake?11._________ you have a piece of cake?12.You _________have to come again.13.We _________have to wait long for our holidays.14.She _________ have to go back before night falls15.Water_________ froze at zero16.This kind of floor_________ not clean easily17.I _________report it to the police if you blackmail me again.18.He _________ fall asleep whenever he does some reading.19.No one _________leave the building without the permission of the police.20.Every student _________keep quiet in the test.用be to /be going to填空1.There______________ be an investigation, declared the police officer.2.The queen ______________ visit Japan next year.3.The prime minister ______________ speak on television tonight.4.You ______________ stand here. Do you understand?5.Tell her she ______________ not be back late.6.The dictionary______________ be had here.7.I feel dizzy. I think I ______________ faint.8.Look at the black clouds. There ______________ be a storm.9.George is putting on weight. He ______________ be quite fat.10.We ______________ leave on Friday11.We ______________ move to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.12.No one ______________leave the building without permission13.You ______________do your homework before you watch TV14.The form be filled in and returned within three days.15.He nowhere ______________be seen16.Listen to the wind. We______________ have a rough crossing17.Where we ______________ stay tonight18.She ______________have a baby用will /be going to/一般现在时态填空1.If we ____________(work) hard, we ____________ (fulfill) the plan.2.Mr. Smith ____________（telephone）you when he____________（return）.3.Mother __________（leave）before we __________（get）back.4.He __________（come）to see us the day he __________（arrive）.5.__________you （look）for it immediately you __________（get）home?6.You __________（feel）much better after you __________（take）these medicine.7.I’m tired. I think I __________(go) to bed.8.---Come to the party,---Ok, I__________( bring) my boyfriend.9.---I’m going out for a drink.---wait a minute. I __________(come) with you.10.you __________(give) me a hand?11.---where is the telephone book?---I _________(get) it for you.12.---I’ve hired a typewriter and I _________( learn) to type.13.---why have you set your alarm clock to go off at 5:30?---because I _________(get) up then. I’ve got a lot to do.14.---I’ve come out without any money.---Never mind. I_________( lend) you some15.---I’m catching the 6:30 train.---So am I. I _________(give) you a lift to the station.16.---why are you taking out all your dresses?---I _________(shorten) the skirts.17.The plane _______(take) off at 6:0018.Tomorrow _________(be) Saturday.19.The term _________(start) on September 1st.20.The train _________(leave) at 7:30 this evening.21.She _________(retire) next month.22.Next Christmas _________(fall) on a Thursday.非谓语动词------先语态，再时态，后状态不定式的用法：和某些形容词连用；与表示意向、打算、计划的词连用；表将来；表目的；表意外的结果；跟在名词后表未发生的事。
九年级英语知识点第二单元
九年级英语知识点第二单元第二单元: 九年级英语知识点1. 时态与语态 (Tenses and Voice)在英语语法中，动词时态和语态的正确运用是非常重要的。
以下是九年级学生在第二单元应该了解的时态和语态知识点：1.1 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)一般现在时用于表示经常性或普遍性的动作、情况或习惯。
它的结构是“主语 + 动词原形”。
例句:- She plays the piano every day. (她每天弹钢琴。
)- They live in a big house. (他们住在一所大房子里。
)1.2 一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense)一般过去时用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
它的结构是“主语 + 动词过去式”。
例句:- He studied English last night. (他昨晚学习了英语。
)- We went to the beach last summer. (去年夏天我们去海滩了。
)1.3 一般将来时 (Simple Future Tense)一般将来时用于表示将来发生的动作或情况。
它的结构是“主语 + will + 动词原形”。
例句:- I will visit my grandparents this weekend. (这个周末我会去看望我的祖父母。
)- They will have a party for their anniversary. (为了他们的周年纪念，他们将会举办一个聚会。
)1.4 现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense)现在进行时用于表示现在正在进行的动作。
它的结构是“主语 + am/is/are + 动词的ing形式”。
例句:- She is studying for her exam at the moment. (她此刻正在为考试而学习。
)- They are playing soccer in the park. (他们正在公园里踢足球。
Tense and Voice动词的时态与语态
考点一： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维 ， 持的习惯动作。 为不定式 后接动词原形。 为不定式， 持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 ， He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 考点三：表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作， 考点三：表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，可和 ofen, always, once a month/week, for 等时间状语连用。 等时间状语连用。 例：He worked in that bank for four years. He always went to work by bike.
4.过去进行时 过去进行时 现在分词构成） （was/were+现在分词构成） 现在分词构成
过去某个时刻正在发生的动作， 过去某个时刻正在发生的动作， 也可表示过 去某段时间内正在发生或反复发生的动作， 去某段时间内正在发生或反复发生的动作，时 间状语有： 间状语有：at that time, then, the whole morning,at five yesterday,this time yesterday,last night. Yesterday afternoon I was watching TV when Frank called. Bill was coughing all night long.
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高一衔接课——动词时态语态练习
1. —Excuse me. Look at the sign NO PHOTOS!
—Sorry, I _________ it.
A. don't see
B. didn't see
C. haven't seen
D. won't see
2. My mother _________ the windows already, so the room looks much brighter.
A. has cleaned
B. had cleaned
C. is cleaning
D. will clean
3. Sorry, I ____ to help you at ten. I was busy at the moment
A. won't come
B. can't come
C. didn't come
D. shouldn't come
4. She _________ apples in her garden when I _________ to see her yesterday.
A. picked, went
B. was picking, went
C. picked, was going
D. was picking, was going
5. I don’t know if my friend _________. If he _________, I'll let you know.
A. comes, comes
B. comes, will come
C. will come, comes
D. will come, will come
6. There _________ two meetings tomorrow afternoon.
A. are going to be
B. are going to have
C. is going to be
D. will have
7. Jack has got a watch. He ______ it for two years. It _______ by his father.
A. has had, was bought
B. was bought, has bought
C. has got, is bought
D. has bought, was bought
8. _______ these magazines in the library ___________ out of the reading room?
A. Can, take
B. Can, be brought
C. Can, be taken
D. Can, taken
2. 用动词的适当形式填空
1. When I got home, my mother__________ (go) out for a walk.
2. He______finished______ (finish) his composition just now.
3. ______she _____ (do) morning exercises every day?
4. She________ (watch) TV while she______________ (wash) her clothes.
5. Listen! Someone____________ (sing) in the next room.
6. Our teacher told us the earth _______ (go) around the sun.
7. My brother isn't at home right now. He ___________ (go) to Beijing.
8. He___________ (be) there many times. He _________ (not be) back until next week.
9. English_________ (speak) all over the world.
10. This house_________ (build) in the Ming Dynasty.
11. The books___________ (return) to you next week.
12. The students_________ (examine) now.
13. In the past few years, another bridge _____has been built________(build)over the Changjiang River.
14. By the end of next month, all our lessons____will have been finished__________ (finish).
15. His brother _________ (be away) from home for a long time.
16. My homework should _______have been finished_______________ (finish) by now.
17. I _______________ (give) ten minutes to make up a story.
18. It is the first time that I __________________ (visit) the city.
Key: BACBC AAC。