英语演讲选修教案16speech making

Lesson 16 Speech Making

Teaching Aim and Requirement

Aimed at ensuring the Ss to have a basic knowledge of public speaking.

Teaching methods

PPt, interact between teacher & student

Assignments

What are the essentials of an effective speech?

How to overcome nervousness?

Teaching procedures

Introduction

What is public speaking?

?Public speaking, as its name implies, is a way of making your ideas public – of sharing them with other people and of influencing other people.

A Brief Introduction to public speaking

I. How to Prepare a Speech

?Stating Your Objectives：

◇inform

◇train

◇persuade

◇sell

?Analyzing Your Audience

What to learn about the audience?

Their opinions and levels of prior knowledge of your subject ; their likely bias, both personal and professional

how do you learn it?

Ask the person who has invited you to speak. Find out what the occasion is and if there is a program theme.

?Choosing a Speech Topic and the Speech Theme

Six Criteria

1. The topic should be interesting to you.

2. It should be interesting to your audience or at least be capable of being

made interesting to them.

3. It should be appropriate to the situation.

4. It should be appropriate to the time available.

5. It should be manageable.

6. It should be worthwhile. Don't waste your audience’s time.

?Gathering and Selecting Appropriate Materials

convincing materials

seven major types of materials: descriptions and explanations, statistics, examples, testimony, comparison and contrast, repetition and restatement, and visuals. guidelines

?Outlining Your Speech

guidelines:

1. Write and label your specific purpose at the top of your outline.

2. Indicate main ideas, points, sub-points, and supporting materials

properly.

3. Use at least two subdivisions, if any, for each point.

Using subdivisions helps you give attention to all the points you want to say.

4. Label the introduction, main body and conclusion.

II. How to Write a Great Speech

?Organizing the Body of the Speech

A.The Introduction

A. It should introduce the topic. providing background information, definitions

explanations, etc.

B. Generally it should contain the thesis statement.

C. It should be interesting enough to make the listener want to continue listening.

Anecdotes, shocking statistics, quotes, and rhetorical questions

D. It should indicate how your topic will be developed.

E. tell your listeners WHY they should listen to you; such as how they will benefit.

F. include the method of organization that you will follow. This helps the listener

prepare for what you are going to say and help them organize the information.

An effective introduction

?Creates a favorable first impression with the audience

?Boosts a speaker’s self-confidence

Gaining attention

?relate the topic to the audience

?State the importance of the topic

?Startle the audience

?Arouse the curiosity of the audience

?Question the audience

?Begin with quotation

?Tell a story

?Using visual aids

?…

Reveal the topic

?Clearly states the speech topic

?Establish the credibility and goodwill of the speaker

Preview the body

?Tells audience what to listen for in the rest

?Provide a smooth lead-in

?Present special information

B.Main Body

a. Each main point discusses one aspect of the thesis.

b. The main points should be linked with clear transitions so as to give the

body coherence and unity.

C. Conclusion

A conclusion can restate the thesis.

A conclusion can restate the main points.

A conclusion can call for some sort of action (particularly in a persuasive piece)

A conclusion can highlight areas for further research.

A conclusion can suggest results or consequences.

A conclusion can remind the audience of the importance of the information

presented.

The speaker can thank the audience for their attention.

A conclusion should NEVER bring up a new topic.

A speaker should NEVER apologize for their information. The last thing you want

to happen is for the audience to question your credibility.

2 functions of conclusion

?Signal the end of the speech

?Reinforce the audience’s understanding of the speech

?Using Speech Language

A. Using Language Accurately

B. Use Language Clearly

C. Use language Vividly

III. How to Deliver a Great Speech

?Physical Delivery

1. posture

A public speaker should look comfortable, confident and prepared to speak. In

posture, the two extremes to avoid are rigidity and sloppiness.

2. facial expressions

Your facial expression must match what you are saying.

3. movement

a. Never turn your back on the audience while you are speaking.

b. If you move about on the stage, make your movements purposeful.

c. Be aware of all potential obstacles on the stage.

4. gestures

5. Eye contact

Let your gaze move over each member of the audience

don’t choose one person and look fixedly at him or her.

avoid the temptation to look over the heads of your audience or to hold your notes in front of your face.

6. Appearance

The way you dress and present yourself

Dress appropriately to the audience

?Vocal Delivery

V ocal delivery refers to the use of your voice to convey your message.

1. rate

Rate is the speed

not too slowly or too quickly. Varying your rate can be critical.

2. pause

temporary stops

pause before and after a major point. You can use pauses to illustrate that you are changing from one point to another. You can use pauses for emphasis

3. volume

V olume refers to how loud one speaks

Speak too soft Speak too loud

changing the volume at certain points emphasize important ideas.

Raising your voice lowering your voice

4. pitch

Pitch refers to the high or low quality of your voice.

V olume is measured in terms of loudness.

The pitch of your voice in public speaking refers to the “excitement” or “enthusiasm” level in your voice.

pitch can be raised and lowered for emphasis.

vary your pitch.

5. Pronunciation

6. articulation : not slur, speak clearly

IV. How to Analyze and Evaluate Speech

?three “M”s: matter, manner and method.

Speaking to Persuade

I. Persuasion: a Psychological process

? A. Persuasion is the most complex and the most challenging.

?(controversial topics, involving values and beliefs; listeners’ own ideas)

? B. Listeners: mental give-and-take

?(listeners: assessment on speakers)

II. The Target Audience

?The part of the whole audience a speaker most wants to reach with his message. Agree and disagree audience

?Adapt the speech to the values and concerns of the TA

?Do not exclude other listeners

III. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence

?Monroe's motivated sequence is a technique for organizing persuasive speeches that inspire people to take action.

?Alan H. Monroe (Purdue University) 1930s

?what creates makes a motivational speech actually motivating.

? a 5-step method for organizing motivational speeches.

1.Attention

Get the attention of your audience using a detailed story, shocking example, dramatic statistic, quotations, etc.

E.g. Hey! Listen to me, I have a PROBLEM!

2.Need

Show that the problem about which you are speaking exists, that it is significant, and that it won't go away by itself. Use statistics, examples, etc.

Convince your audience that there is a need for action to be taken.

E.g. Let me EXPLAIN the problem.

3.Satisfy.

You present your plan and show how it will work. Be sure to offer enough details about the plan.

E.g. But, I have a SOLUTION!

4.Visualization

Tell the audience what will happen if the solution is implemented or does not take place. Be visual and detailed.

E.g. If we IMPLEMENT my solution, this is what will happen.

5.Action.

Tell the audience what action they can take personally to solve the problem.

Say exactly what you want the audience to do and how to do it.

E.g. You can help me in this specific way. Are YOU willing to help me?

Advantage of MMS

?It emphasizes what the audience can do. Monroe's motivated sequence emphasizes the action the audience can take.

?Sample Speech：The Ultimate Gift

IV. Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Fact

? A. seek to persuade audience to accept the speaker’s view of the facts on a particular issue.

E.g. Will the economy be better or worse next year?

? B. different from an informative speech

IS: give information as impartially as possible ≠ argue for a point of view

PS: persuade the audience to accept the speaker’s view about the information

e.g. In a trial lawyer jury guilt / innocent defendant

V. Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Value

? A. Judgments based on a person’s beliefs about what’s right or wrong

? B. 2 steps:

1. define the standards for value judgments

2. judge the subject of the speech against the standards.

VI. Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Policy

? A. deal with specific courses of action: involve questions of fact and value; go beyond that

? B. 2 types:

1. gain passive agreement that a policy is desirable, necessary & practical

2. motivate the audience to take immediate action

? C. 3 basic issues – need, plan & practicality

1. need: (no) need for a change

2. a specific plan: solve the need

3. practicality: Plan: workable, solve the need without creating new

problems

VII. Methods of Persuasion

A.Building credibility

– 1. Credibility affected by: competence & character

competence: speaker’s intelligence, expertise & knowledge of the subject

character: speaker’s sincerity, trustworthiness

– 2. 3 types of credibility: initial credibility; derived credibility;

terminal ~

– 3. 3 strate gies to ↑credibility:

a. explaining their competence

b. establishing common ground with the audience

c. delivering speeches fluently, expressively and with conviction

https://www.360docs.net/doc/0717939074.html,ing Evidence

– 1. examples, statistics, testimony

– 2. 4 tips to use evidence effectively: use specific evidence; novel ~; use ~ from credible sources; make clear the point of the ~

C.Reasoning

–Reasoning: the process of drawing a conclusion based on evidence

–use reasoning from specific instances

–use reasoning from principle

–use analogical reasoning, ×casual reasoning

D.Emotions Appeals

– 1. Emotions Appeals (motivational appeals): make listeners feel sad, happy, angry, fearful, etc.

– 2. 3 ways: with emotionally charged language; with vivid examples;

speak with sincerity and conviction

英语演讲选修课教案2 selecting a topic

山东理工大学教案注：教师讲稿附后

Lesson two Selecting a topic and purpose I am lucky, honored and humbled to stand here, so many students watch how I would perform on this small but terrifying platform. Frankly speaking, I am quite nervous standing here, especially before you, a large group of audience, no one is perfect, it is not shameful at all to admit my nervousness, because everybody will be nervous to some extent when asked to speak before a big audience. Why did I say so, I have proof. One of the major concerns of students in any speech class is stage fright. We may as well face the issue squarely. Many people who converse easily in all kinds of everyday situations become frightened ar the idea of standing up before a group to make a speech. If you are worried about stage fright, you may feel better knowing that you are not alone. A survey conducted in 1973 asked more than 2,500 Americans to list their greatest fears. To the surprises of the reserchers, the largest number fo people----41%----listed speaking before a group among their greatest fears. Amazing as it may seem, many Americans appear to consider public speaking a fate worse than death. This is A survey conducted in America Researchers asked their respondents to list their greatest fears, here is how they responded: Greatest Fears Percent Naming A party with strangers 74 Giving a speech 70 Asked personal questions in public 65 Meeting a date’s parents 59 First day on a new job 59 Victim of a practical joke 56 Talking with sb. in authority 53 Job interview 46 Formal dinner party 44 Blind date 42 From the chart, we can see that speechmaking ranks near the top in provoking anxiety. Therefore, we can say that speaking in public means a great challenge to everybody. Nervousness mainly comes from the fact that we do not know what to say, how to say and less training. There are a lot of things that make a successful speech, such as your topic, your delivery, your language. Among them, the organization of the speech is the first concern of the public speaker. Then comes the second problem, How to organize you speech well. It involves several factors, such as your topic, your purpose and your central idea, and so on. They are what we are going to discuss today. Today we mainly focus on the following matters: Choosing a topic Determining your purpose

英语儿歌社团教案

1 Good morning 教学目的(Teaching aims)：通过活动会唱一些英文名曲及英语儿童歌曲，能利用熟悉的曲谱自编英文歌曲，从而提高英语学习的兴趣。教学内容(Teaching content)：学唱一首英文歌曲Good morning 教学准备(Preparation)：同学们到各个音像书店去寻找自己需要的英语磁带或VCD，或从网络中找到了许多儿童英语歌曲。教学过程(Teaching process)： 1、教学主题导入 T: Good morning, boys and girl s. I have a gift for you. Let’s listen. 教师在多媒体中播放《Good morning》，本堂课在美妙的歌声中展开了。 (这首歌曲欢快、富有童趣，渲染了欢快的课堂气氛，调动了学生学习英语歌曲的积极性。同时让学生初步熟悉旋律，以便之后学习这首歌。) 2、交流介绍英文儿歌 T: Do you have any songs which can share(分享) with us? S1: I have ‘Hello!’ S2: I have ‘ Body song’. S3: I have ‘How are you ? ’ … 学生交流搜集到的比较动听、优美的英文歌曲。由于是三年级的学生，他们收集到的是比较简单的歌曲。大家一起欣赏这些歌曲片段（看VCD）。（在相互交流自己收集到的信息中，学生感受到了与人分享的快乐，也懂得集体力量的伟大。） 3、学唱歌曲,并且比赛 T：We have many beautiful songs here. Now would you like to sing the songs. Let’s learn the song ‘Good morning’and have a competition（比赛）. Ss: OK! 全班同学学习，然后四人小组练习，教师巡回指导。在指导中教师要特别注意纠正学生的歌词读音以及音准问题。全体学生当评委，选出三名优胜选手。

英语演讲选修课教案11informii

英语演讲选修课教案11I n f o r m I I -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

山东理工大学教案

Lesson 10 Informative Speech II Informative speech: a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding. When your general purpose is to inform, you act as a teacher or lecturer. Your goal is to convey information ---and do it clearly, accurately and interestingly, your aim is to enhance the knowledge and understanding of your listeners---to give them information they did not have before. The informative speeches occur in a wide range of everyday situations. Types of informative speeches 5.Speeches about objects 6.Speeches about processes 7.Speeches about events 8.Speeches about concepts 1.Speeches about objects Object: anything that is visible, tangible, and stable in form. Objects may have having parts or to be alive, they may include places, structures, animals, or even people. You will not have time to cover everything about an object, just focus on one aspect When you organize the speech you may choose one of the three organizational methods: chronological; spatial and topical. If your specific purpose is to explain the history or evolution of your subject, you can put your speech in chronological order (A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern). For instance: Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the major achievements of Frederick Douglass Central idea: Although born in slavery, Frederick Douglass became one of the greatest figures in American history. Main points: I. Douglass spent the first 20 years of his life as a slave in Maryland. II. After escaping to the North, Douglass became a leader in the abolitionist movement to end slavery III. During the Civil War, Douglass helped establish black regiments in the Union Army. IV. After the war, Douglass was a tireless champion of equal rights for his race. If your specific purpose is to describe the main features of your subject, you may organize your speech in spatial order (A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a directional pattern). Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the major land regions in Spain Central idea: There are five major land regions in Spain. Main points: I. The Northern part… II. The western… III. The central… IV. The eastern… V. The Southern part…

英语演讲稿大学英语课前三分钟演讲稿

英语演讲稿大学英语课前三分钟演讲稿大学英语课前三分钟演讲稿 when i was seven, i started learning english. i played games and sang english songs with other children. sometimes, i watched english cartoons. it's funny. then i discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the english world. i hope i can travel around the world someday. i want to go to america to visit washington, because my cousin is over there. of course, i want to go to london too, because england is where english language developed. if i can ride my bike in cambridge university, i will be very happy. i hope i can speak english with everyone in the world. also i'll introduce china to them, such as the great wall, and the gardens in suzhou. i will teaching people of the world about the beautiful language of our country. i like the english language. to learn english is wonderful. i once wanted to be an english teacher . i also like chinese literature. when i was really young, i was able to remember lots of poems. i also wanted to be a teacher of chinese. now i think that both of my dreams

英语歌曲社团教案

英语歌曲校本教材前言：我校英语歌曲校本课程是以英语知识为载体，以激发学生学习兴趣、学生特长为目的，以学生为活动主体，使学生热爱英语学科，并形成良好的英语素质的一门课程。英语歌曲课程必须根据学生身心发展和英语学习的特点，关注学生的个体差异和不同的学习需求，爱护学生的好奇心，求知欲，充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神，倡导自主、合作的学习方式。校本课程的开展无疑给英语教学注入新鲜的血液，并在英语教学改革中，为学生创建一个五彩缤纷的英语学习平台。开设目的：开设了英语歌曲校本课程，目的是为了提高学生的英语水平，扩充英语词汇量，充分挖掘学生的潜能，培养学生学英文歌的兴趣。同时通过经典英文歌的学习，令学生全方位地了解英语国家的文化背景，提高他们的学习知识面。培养学生欣赏英语国家文化的能力和创新能力;培养学生良好的道德品质和人文素养;培养学生的国际参与意识和跨文化交际能力;发展学生的个性，提高他们的素质。以提高学生英语语言综合能力运用为基本宗旨, 以提高学生学习英语兴趣为目的,培养学生的合作意思与创新精神。学习要求：由于小学生在年龄上较小，在英语方面的知识较少，又有好动、爱表现、胆子大的心理特点，所以就小学阶段的学生，可以开展难度小有朗朗上口的英文歌唱跳学习，学有余力的同时也可组织课本剧表演、。首先根据学生的兴趣爱好选择一些简单、生动活泼的英文歌，如：big big world。首先在课堂上介绍教材中出现的生词并帮助学生借助图片等理解单词，读写单词。然后向学生展示教材内容，指导学生理解歌曲的创作背景，演唱者的生平事迹，把握演唱情绪、掌握轻重快慢，反复实践。多媒体播放以及教师逐句示范演唱歌曲，进一步体会和理解演唱技巧。最后由学生通过各种单人或集体的方法唱跳歌曲并背诵。要求口齿清楚，声音洪亮，情绪饱满，有感染力。定期开展比赛检查课程开展的效果。

英语演讲选修课教案7Methods of delivery

Chapter 7Methods of delivery Four basic methods of delivering a speech 1.Reading from a manuscript: A speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience. 2.Reciting from memory 3.Speaking impromptu: a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation. 4.Speaking extemporaneously: A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes. The speaker’s voice 1.volume : the loudness or softness of the speaker’s voice. Too loud, your listeners will think you boorish Too soft, your listeners will not understand you. To be heard clearly is the principle. 2.Pitch: t he highness or lowness of the speaker’s voice. Monotone: a constant pitch or tone of voice, (no variation in pitch) should be avoid. 3.Rate: the speed at which a person speaks. There is no uniform rate for effective speechmaking.Martin Luther King spoke at roughly 90 words per minute; Franklin Roosevelt spoke at 110 words per minute, John Kennedy at 180, A fast rate helps crate feelings of happiness, fear, anger, and surprise, while a slow rate is better for expressing sadness or disgust. Two obvious faults to avoid are speaking so slowly that your listeners become bored or so quickly that they lose track of your ideas. 4.Pauses: A momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech. Learning how and when to pause is a major challenge for most beginning speakers. Even a moment of silence can seem like an eternity. As you gain more poise and confidence, you will discover how useful the pause can be. It can signal the end of a thought unit, give an idea time to sink in, and lend dramatic impact to a statement. When you do pause, make sure you pause at the end of a thought unit and not in the middle. Otherwise, you may distract listeners from your ideas. Most important, do not fill the silence with vocalized pauses like “uh”, “er”, or “um”. Mark Twain: The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed pause. 5.vocal variety: changes in a speaker’s rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness. Just as variety is the spice of life, so is it the spice of public speaking. A flat, listless, unchanging voice is just as deadly to speechmaking as a flat, listless, unchanging routine is to daily life. Diagnose your voice to decide which aspects need improvement. Record your speeches to hear how they sound. Try them out on your friends. And make adjustments.

英语演讲课程大纲

《英语演讲》教学大纲课程编号：课程类型：课程名称：英语演讲英文名称：Public Speaking in English 学分：适用专业：第一部分大纲说明一、课程的性质、目的和任务本课程向学生传授英语演讲的基本知识和演讲稿撰写技巧，通过对著名经典演讲词的学习鉴赏，了解英语演讲的目的、功能和修辞手段，通过对现代名人演讲词的赏析，了解当代演讲词的结构、风格和修辞特征；通过学习赏析和演讲实践，提高学生撰写演讲稿和进行即兴演讲的能力。目的是为了让学生了解英语演讲技巧及其发展的历史；从理论上与实践上提高学生在公共场合的英语演讲能力，使他们能够富有逻辑地、说服力地、艺术性地、策略性地、感人地、幽默地、流利地表达自己的观点，成功地说服听众；学会演讲稿的写作方法；学会利用现代技术进行演讲；通过分析中外名家的演讲，让学生了解演讲中的中西文化差异。二、课程的基本要求 1.知识要求：了解：通过本课程学习，初步掌握英语正式演讲和即兴口头演讲的基本知识。熟悉：经典和功能性演讲材料，欧美英语文化特色，中西文化差异及其产生的根源。掌握：正式演讲和即兴演讲的基本要求。 2.能力要求：简单运用：进一步提高学生组织思想和口头表达能力。熟练运用：凭借个人现有的英语基础，通过本课程实践，提高进行得体的功能性即兴演讲的能力。三、本课程与相关课程的联系作为一门英语基础课程，学生在学习本课程前需具备一定的语言基础和较好的阅读理解能力。因此，参加本课程学习的学生学习过《大学英语》相关课程，或学习过《基础英语》、《高级英语》、《英语语法学》《英语视听》和《英美文化》等课程，其后续课程主要有：《英语辩论》、《英语演讲艺术》等。

英语演讲选修课10informative

Lesson 10 Informative Teaching Aim and Requirement Aimed at ensuring the Ss to have a basic knowledge of public speaking. Teaching methods PPt, interact between teacher & student Assignments What are the essentials of an effective speech How to overcome nervousness Teaching procedures Informative speech: a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding To enhance the knowledge and understanding of your listeners--- to give them information they did not have before Convey clearly accurately interestingly Organizational methods Chronological order 编年顺序 Spatial order 空间顺序 Topical order 主题顺序 Causal order Problem-solution order Other methods of speech organization Causal order:A show a cause-effect relationship. method of speech organization in which the main points Problem-solution order: A method of speech organization in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem. (Problem-cause-solution order) Speeches about process Process: A systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product. Speeches of process explain how something is made, how something is done, or how something works. 3. Speeches about events Event: Anything that happens or is regarded as happening. chronological order----to recount the history of an event, causal order ----to explain the causes and effects 4. Speech about concepts Concept: A belief, theory, idea, notion, principle, or the like. Speeches about concepts are usually organized in topical order. One common approach is to list the main features or aspects of your concept.

英语演讲教案课程

英语演讲教案课程 WTD standardization office【WTD 5AB- WTDK 08- WTD 2C】

I n t r o d u c t i o n What is public speaking? ?Public speaking, as its name implies, is a way of making your ideas public – of sharing them with other people and of influencing other people. A Brief Introduction to public speaking I. How to Prepare a Speech ?Stating Your Objectives： ◇inform ◇train ◇persuade ◇sell ?Analyzing Your Audience What to learn about the audience? Their opinions and levels of prior knowledge of your subject ; their likely bias, both personal and professional how do you learn it? Ask the person who has invited you to speak. Find out what the occasion is and if there is a program theme. ?Choosing a Speech Topic and the Speech Theme Six Criteria 1. The topic should be interesting to you. 2. It should be interesting to your audience or at least be capable of being made interesting to them. 3. It should be appropriate to the situation. 4. It should be appropriate to the time available. 5. It should be manageable.

大学英语演讲稿

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山东理工大学教案注：教案附后