天津2020高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破十词句猜测-句意理解题优选习题

十、词句猜测——句意理解题(2017·浙江，A)Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel’s hai r.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的).His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cat’s lot was about to improve.That year，one of Benjamin’s cousins，Mr Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings.When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747，when Benjamin was nine years old，Mr Pennington returned for another visit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city，Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景) painting.William Williams，a well-known painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those tw o books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。

文章讲述了美国著名艺术家本杰明·韦斯特是如何开始他的艺术生涯的。

21.What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams’ influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.D.The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.答案 C解析主旨大意题。

文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的，故选C。

22.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A.The cat would be closely watched.B.The cat would get some medical care.C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.答案 D解析句意理解题。

由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。

画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。

由该段后文可知，本杰明的表兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。

由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。

23.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A.He took him to see painting exhibitions.B.He provided him with painting materials.C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D.He taught him how to make engravings.答案 B解析细节理解题。

短文第四段提到“He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.”，接着下一段又谈到“...Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”，由此可知，潘宁顿送给本杰明绘画材料来帮助他发展艺术才能，故选B项。

24.Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to .A.master the use of paintsB.appreciate landscape paintingsC.get to know other paintersD.make up his mind to be a painter答案 D解析细节理解题。

由文章最后两句“While i t is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知，这两本书是他通往古典绘画的入门教程，也帮助他下定决心成为一名画家，故选D项。

一、题型解读记叙文、说明文和议论文中可能会考查句意理解题。

要求考生用合适的语句解释一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语。

设问形式常有：(1)The underlined sentence in the first/second/...paragraph means “”.(2)Which of the following best explains the underlined sentence in the first/second/...paragraph?二、解题技巧——“意义吻合”定句意一定位↓二分析↓三归纳例如：【真题感悟】中第22题：第一步：速读文章，找出文章中与画线句子相关的句子(1)Before long，the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱的).(2)When he went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.第二步：对比信息句、画线句和选项，确定答案画线句上一段讲到为了制作画笔本杰明剪猫的毛使猫“破相”，接下来讲到堂兄给他送来了颜料和画笔使猫的命运得到改善，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”。

由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。

AWhat do you do if you don’t get into your first choice of university？That’s the dilemma(困境) that faces thousands of British students every year.Many candidates turn to Clearing，the service that helps find university places for students at the last moment.If they don’t have the marks to get into their first choice of institution，Clearing tells them about places available at other universities，though they might have to read another subject.But this year has seen a record number of people applying to university.This，combined with the weak economy，an uncertain job market and budget cuts at universities，means that there’s been even more of a scramble for places than usual.Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining undergraduate university place.The British University Admissions Service，UCAS，says up to a quarter of this year’s university applicants—almost 190,000 people—still don’t have a place on a degree course.That’s a rise of over 46,000 students from last y ear.Faced with these figures，some British students might be thinking of an interesting alternative：studying abroad.The University of Nottingham，for example，is offering places at its campuses in Ningbo，near Shanghai，and Kuala Lumpur，Malaysia.Students here can gain University of Nottingham degrees in business，accounting，engineering and English.Similarly，the University of Bolton says it has “unlimited” places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.Given the problems getting into university，the UK’s Higher Education Minister，David Willetts，encourages students who haven’t made the grade to consider alternatives to university，such as apprenticeships and studying at home.“There are a range of options available，” he says.“People are able to reapply.They should think how they can spend their year adding that bit to their CV，which would help their application—getting practical work experience or extra skills—anything that strengthens their chances next year.”But some experts say that rising university costs，poor long-term job prospects，and a drop in graduate recruitment mean it’s the worst time to be a university student in the UK.1.When the author says “there’s been even more of a scramble for places”(Para.3)，he means .A.more people have applied to universityB.there is more competition between the candidatesC.there are more services that help find university placesD.more places are available答案 B解析句意理解题。