direct speech and reported speech
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直接引语和间接引语
3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?”
where _____ I _____ was born. Shirley asked me ________
4. “ What’s wrong with you?” Lily asked me.
what _____ was _______ wrong with _____. me Lily asked me ______
this now yesterday tomorrow this week
that
these
those
then
today
that day
the day before the next day that week
next week（month，year）
the next week(month, year
5. The girl asked me “What happened?” The girl asked me _______ what ___________. happened
当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时, 间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask,
order, beg 等,
而把直接引语的祈使句变成带
She said to me , She told me that 引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去人 “ They want to they wanted help him” help him. 称不变
Practice: 1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” his He said ____brother had failed in the exam. 2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother her now?” he asked Mary how _____mother was then. she 3)My teacher said, „„ she is a good student. ‟‟ My teacher said ____was a good student 4) He said to me,“ I‟ve left her book in your he my her room” He told me that ___had left ___ book in ___ room.
where _____ I _____ was born. Shirley asked me ________
4. “ What’s wrong with you?” Lily asked me.
what _____ was _______ wrong with _____. me Lily asked me ______
this now yesterday tomorrow this week
that
these
those
then
today
that day
the day before the next day that week
next week（month，year）
the next week(month, year
5. The girl asked me “What happened?” The girl asked me _______ what ___________. happened
当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时, 间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask,
order, beg 等,
而把直接引语的祈使句变成带
She said to me , She told me that 引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去人 “ They want to they wanted help him” help him. 称不变
Practice: 1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” his He said ____brother had failed in the exam. 2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother her now?” he asked Mary how _____mother was then. she 3)My teacher said, „„ she is a good student. ‟‟ My teacher said ____was a good student 4) He said to me,“ I‟ve left her book in your he my her room” He told me that ___had left ___ book in ___ room.
人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4 直接引语和间接引语 语法课件
3 days (months) ago tomorrow The next (following) day next week (month..) The next week (month..)
间接引语 then that day that week (month..) the day before the week (month..) before 3 days (months) before
从 句 主句时态 一般现在时 直接引语
时
态 间接引语
时态保持不变
一般现在时
现在进行时 一般过去时
一般过去时
过去进行时
一般将来时 一般过去时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去将来时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、 定理时，用一般现在时。
goes 1. The teacher said that the earth _____ (go)
12.”I’m going home now.”she said.
she was going home then She said___________________________.
13. “I will call you tomorrow morning.”Alice said to Tom.
around the sun.
rises 2. The teacher said the sun ____ (rise) from
sets the east and ____ (set) in the west .
3. The teacher said light ______ (travel) travels
Direct Speech and Reported Speech 直接引语和间接引语
直接引语变间接引语
6.He asked, “When did you get up this morning?” He asks me________________________ when I got up this morning.
Change these sentences into reported speech.
直接引语
am/is are
宾语从句
was were
have/has
will can do
had
would
could
did
I like to draw pictures. She said she liked to draw pictures.
Do you want to sing? Jane asked Lily whether/if she wanted to sing.
三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律， 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” （例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before today变为 that day
He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” → He said he wanted to go swimming then.
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果 从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰 从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said,"Jack is a good boy.“ →Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy. 二、如何变时态： 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态； She said,” I am a student. ” → She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时→过去将来时 She said, "He will go to see his friend.” →She said he would go to see his friend. Tom said,” I am going to play basketball.” → Tom said he was going to play basketball.
Change these sentences into reported speech.
直接引语
am/is are
宾语从句
was were
have/has
will can do
had
would
could
did
I like to draw pictures. She said she liked to draw pictures.
Do you want to sing? Jane asked Lily whether/if she wanted to sing.
三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律， 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” （例：now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before today变为 that day
He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” → He said he wanted to go swimming then.
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果 从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰 从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said,"Jack is a good boy.“ →Mr. Smith said Jack was a good boy. 二、如何变时态： 1) 一般现在时→一般过去时态； She said,” I am a student. ” → She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时→过去将来时 She said, "He will go to see his friend.” →She said he would go to see his friend. Tom said,” I am going to play basketball.” → Tom said he was going to play basketball.
直引变间引
asked
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.
3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?” She asked me if I agreed with her.
4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?”
Da Ming asked me if/whether I liked English. 3. My teacher said , “she is a good student.” My teacher said that she was a good student.
2
直接引语
时 态
一般现在时 现在进行时 一般将来时
My teacher said that she was a good student.
牛刀小试
I work hard. He said he worked hard. I’m playing basketball. He said he was playing basketball.
I will learn the guitar well. He said he would learn the guitar well. I can sing well. She said she could sing well.
9.They said "We are going to watch TV."
They said they were going to watch TV.
1.”I’m going home now.”she said.
Reported speech
引述主詞人稱要改時態往前推Say and tell時態往前推補充Direct speech Reported speech【課後練習】把以下句子改正：1. Tell the taxi driver where do you want to go.2. He asked me that what did I intend to do after I graduate?3. What does a patient tell a doctor it is confidential.4. What my friend and I did it was our secret. We didn't even tell our parents what did we do.5. The doctor asked that if I felt okay? I told him that I don't feel well.6. Is true you almost drowned? my friend asked me. Yes, I said. I'm really glad to be alive.7. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go swimming.8. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster he said I will drive faster if you pay me more. At that time I didn't care how much would it cost, so I told him to go as fast as he can.【答案】1. Tell the taxi driver where you want to go.2. He asked me what I intend ed to do after I graduat ed.3. What a patient tell s a doctor is confidential.4. What my friend and I did was our secret. We didn't even tell our parents what we had done.5. The doctor asked if I felt okay. I told him that I didn't feel well.6. "Is it true (that) you almost drowned?" my friend asked me. "Yes," I said. "I'm really glad to be alive."7. The fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go swimming.8. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said, "I will drive faster if you pay me more." At that time I didn't car e how much it would cost, so I told him to go as fast as he could.(最後這題也可以改成indirect speech:When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said he would drive faster if I paid him more. At that time I didn't care how much it would cost, so I told him to go as fast as he could.)。
(完整版)英语直接引语和间接引语
Note : 1. 直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连
词that引导宾语从句. 2. 当引用动词为一般过去时的时候，从句
中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、 地点状语 等相应变化.
１、人称的变化 一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀一 随 主来自说明引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致
第三 人称 不变
引号内的第三人 She said to
称在变间引后人 me ,“ They
称不变
want to
help him.”
She told me that they wanted to help him.
❖ 一随主：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语 主语为第一人称的时候，要随主语变化。
❖ 二随宾：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语 主语为第二人称的时候，要随宾语变化。
❖ 第三人称不更新：将直接引语变为间接引语时， 直接引语主语为第三人称的时候，不发生变化。
2
时 态
直接引语 一般现在时 现在进行时
变 一般过去时
化 现在完成时
一般将来时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时
The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.” The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the
❖ 总结： ❖ 当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变
为间接引语的时候，只有人称发生了改变。
Direct Speech
She said, “I like singing. ” She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” She said, “I visited Europe last year.” She said, “I have never met an American.” She said, “I will see you next week.”
Unit 4 直接引语变间接引语
( )→ ( )
Pairwork
A: I am a student. B: What did he say? Ss: He said he was a student. B: What? CD: He said he was a student. B: I see, he said he was a student.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
I am a student. I watch TV every day. I am reading a book. I will fly to the moon. I can sing in English. We may go there. We get up at 6 o’clock. We are going to swim.
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.
【直接引语变间接引语】
Learning aims:
Master direct speech and reported speech. Can use direct speech and reported speech.
直接引述别人的话叫“直接引语”
am\is are can do will may was were could did would might
直接引语
一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时
间接引语 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时
主 句 过 去 时 从 句 过 去 时 态
He asked us if we would join the club.
把下列特殊疑问句变成间接引语 【提示: 由疑问词引导的宾语从句 要用主谓结构 】
直接引语和间接引语讲解
today 今天
that day 那天
this week (month, etc.) that week (month, etc.)
本星期（月等）
那个星期（月等）
Yesterday 昨天
the day before 前一天
the day before 前一天 two days before 前两天
last week (year, etc.) the day before the day before
He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.
3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.” 格言
He said that Rome isn’t built in a day. 4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”
时态不变化：
①直接引语是客观真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the
teacher told me.
→ The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变
Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
上星期（去年）
前一周（年等）
three days (a year, et.) ago three days (a year etc.) before
三天（一年等）以前
前三天（一年等）
tomorrow 明天
the next (following) day 次日
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• 一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈 一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时， 述语气， / whether 。 述语气，并要加连词 if • She asked me:" Are you Mr. Li?" She asked me ______ ______ was if I _____Mr. Li. • She asked us:" Do you want to go on a picnic?" She asked us______ wanted go on a picnic. if we _______to Tom asked “ can I copy your homework?” Tom asked me _____ ______ ________ copy if he could ____: “ lucy is hard- working.” She said _________ was hard-working. Lucy _____
• Tom said : “ I’m watching TV.” • Tom said _____ _____ watching TV. he was • Mr Li said to me : “ Your listening is good.” my • She said to me _____ listeningwas good. ___ • Tim said : “ Mark is lazy.” • Tim said ________ _____ lazy. Mark was
The teacher said to us : “Light travels faster
than sound .”
The teacher said ________________________ light travels faster than sound.
2>直接引语为一般过去时并有具体的过去某年、 直接引语为一般过去时并有具体的过去某年、 直接引语为一般过去时并有具体的过去某年 某月、某日作状语时 间接引语仍用一般过去时。 某月、某日作状语时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。 • She said:" I went to England in 1998." • She said_______ __went _____to England in 1998. she • Lily said “ I saw an alien get out of the UFO on Friday.” • Lily said ____ _____ an alien get out of the UFO she saw on Friday
2.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用 特殊疑问词 引导。 • "How much do we spend on fruit this year?" Susan asked her husband. Susan asked her husband how ______ ______ _____ much they ________on fruit that year. spent • He asked me : “What time is it now?” He asked me_________time _____ ______ then ____ it what was She asked me: “ Why do you want to copy my homework ? She asked me_____ ____ _______ to copy ____ why I wanted her homework.
She said : “ I’m doing my homework.” She said she _____ doing _____ homework. _____ was her She said to me : “ You are nice .” nice.
I She said to me _____
• _____________________________________ ask/ tell sb. ( not ) to do …… • He said to me:" help yourself to some fish " asked me eat some fish He_______ _____ _____ ______________. asked me help myself to some fish. He_______ _____ _______________________. • He said to me : “Please don’t talk.”
过去将来 would +V. was./were going to +V.
现在完成时 have/has +V.pp 一般过去时 过去完成时/ 过去完成时 过去进行时
过去完成
had+V.pp
the day before two days before
the week before
过去完成 不变
last week
• • • • •
祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去 祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去。 一改： 改为asked或told 或 一改：said (to) 改为 二变： 的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语 二变：said to 的宾语或呼语变为 等的宾语 三加：即在动词原形前加to， 三加：即在动词原形前加 ，使成为动词不定式 四去：去掉please 四去：去掉
直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意 直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意
• 1.人称的变化。 人称的变化。 人称的变化 • 2.句型的变化 句型的变化 • 3. 时态变化 • 4.状语及其他的变化 状语及其他的变化
直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意 直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意
• 1.人称的变化。_________________________ 人称的变化。 一随主 ， 二随宾，第三人称不更新 人称的变化 二随宾，
• • • • • •
祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去 祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去。 一改： 改为asked或told 或 一改：said (to) 改为 二变： 的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语 二变：said to 的宾语或呼语变为 等的宾语 三加：即在动词原形前加to， 三加：即在动词原形前加 ，使成为动词不定式 四去：去掉please 四去：去掉 __________________________________________ ask/ tell sb. ( not ) to do ……
• 主句是一般过去时，从句时态要变成与过去有 主句是一般过去时，从句时态要变成与过去有 一般过去时 关的时态。 关的时态。
The teacher said : “ the school is beautiful. ” The teacher said that the school __was__ beautiful. ”
• 1.陈述句变间接引语时，用that 连接 陈述句变间接引语时， 连接, 陈述句变间接引语时 义，可省略。
that 无实际意
• Lana said : “I am mad at Marcia.” Lana said (____)_____ was that she ____mad at Marcia. • He said : “We are good at English.” He said (_____)_______were good at English. that they _____ • She said to me : “Ann does her homework every night.” She told me( ____ )____ _____her homework that Ann did every night. • He said : “ I go to school by bus.” that he went He said (____) _____ _______to school by bus.
three days ago
three days before
1>.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变， 直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变， 直接引语为客观真理时 仍用一般现在时
Teacher said to us:" The moon moves round the earth.“ the moon moves round the earth. Teacher told us_________________________
• He said to her:" Don't take the book away, please " He_______ _____ _____ _____ take the book away. asked her not to • He said to me : “Please do it again.” He told _____ ______ do it again. ____ me to
• 3. 时态变化
• 主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据实际而定 主句是一般现在时， 一般现在时 （ 不变 ）。
The teacher says : “ the school is beautiful. ” The teacher says that the school is beautiful. ”
一般过去（过去式） 一般过去（过去式）
间接引语
过去进行
Was/were +V.ing
间接引语 that/ those there
the next day two days later the next week The next year