Pride_and_Prejudice_人物关系
简奥斯汀傲慢与偏见英文论文
摘要简·奥斯汀（1775—1817）是英国文学史上一位非常出色的女性作家。
她在短暂的一生中虽然主要创作了六部作品，但这丝毫没影响她在文学史上的地位。
她的作品主题都是爱情与婚姻，而最能反映出她的婚姻观的就要数《傲慢与偏见》了，《傲慢与偏见》以班内特家5个女儿的爱情婚姻为基点，通过对四段婚姻的分析，体现出作者的爱情婚姻观。
爱情、金钱、社会地位、性格等都是婚姻中必须要考虑的因素，爱情和相互尊重是婚姻的基础，但金钱也为婚姻稳定提供了条件，婚姻是个严肃的问题，综合考虑各种因素的爱情婚姻才是幸福的。
这种婚姻观对当时和现在的社会都有着深远的影响。
本文主要通过对人物性格及其婚姻进行分析，探索作者所倡导的正确婚姻观。
主要分为三个部分：第一部分主要分析作者所生活的时代背景以及其生活经历；第二部分着重通过对小说人物形象和他们的婚姻的分析，揭示作者的婚姻观；第三部分主要讨论作者的婚姻观以及这种婚姻观对我们的启示和影响。
通过查阅大量文献，结合作者的生活经历，总结出作者以爱情为基础的婚姻观，提出婚姻在我们每个人的一生中都占有重要的位置，它关系着我们是否能够幸福快乐的生活，选择好自己的婚姻对象自然尤为重要。
其中，爱情是基础。
简·奥斯汀的婚姻观给了我们重大启示，为我们寻找幸福的婚姻指明了方向，而且对女性独立自由意识的觉醒也有重要影响。
关键词：《傲慢与偏见》；婚姻；爱情；金钱；启示AbstractJane Austen (1775—1817) is one of the most excellent female writers of English literature. Although in her short life, Austen only created six works，her effect in literary world has never changed. The theme of all her novels is love and marriage, and among all, Pride and Prejudice is the work that can best reflect Jane Austen’s views of marriage. Pride and Prejudice mainly focuses on the love and marriage of five girls from Bennet. The novel reflects the author’s views on love marriage: love, money, status and character. Marriage should be based on love and respect, and in addition, money provides the practical foundation for the stability of the marriage. Taking all of the factors into consideration, we can establish a happy marriage.This thesis aims at exploring Jane Austen’s marital views by analyzing the personality and marriages of the characters in the novel. It can be divided into three parts: the first part deals with the background of the society and Jane Austen’s life experience; the second part deals with the analysis of the main characters and their marriage with the aim of revealing the writer’s views on marriage; the last part focuses on the effect and inspiration from Jane Austen’s view on marriage. We can get the conclusion that marriage plays an important role in our lives, since it has a lot to do with our happiness. Choosing a suitable partner for marriage means a lot; therefore, love should be put on the first place. Jane Austen’s views of marriage give us much inspiration, it can also rouse female’s sense of independence and freedom.Key words: Pride and Prejudice; marriage; love; inspirationContentsAbstract (Chinese) (i)Abstract (English) (ii)Contents (iii)1.0 Introduction (1)2.0 The background of society and Jane Austen (2)3.0 Four different marriages in Pride and Prejudice................................. . (3)3.1 Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage (3)3.2 Jane and Bingley’s marriage (4)3.3 Chalotte and Collin’s marriage (5)3.4 Lydia and Wickham’s marriage... (6)4.0Analysis and understandings of the four marriages (6)4.1Perfect marriage based on true love (6)4.2Happ y marriage based on sense and similar int erest (7)4.3P at h et i c m ar ri a ge b as ed o n m on e y o r be ne fi t s (7)4.4 Absurd marriage based on lust and vanity (8)4.5J a n e A u s t e n’s v i e w s o n m a r r i a g e (8)5.0 The inspiration from Jane Austen’s views on marriage (9)6.0 Conclusion (10)Acknowledgements (11)References (12)Appendix: Thesis Proposal1.0 IntroductionJane Austen was born in a middle class family in 1775, and she spend her whole life in the countryside, she was so fascinated with the peaceful and ease life in countryside. Although she was unmarried the whole life, the theme of her novels were love and marriage, basically, the love and marriage between a gentleman and a fairy lady. Her best-known works are Emma (1815), Pride and Prejudice (1813) and Sense and Sensibility (1811).The novel talks about four different marriages: Collin and Challote’s marriage which is based on money; Lydia and Wickham’s marriage which is based on lust; Jane and Bingley’s marriage which is based on sense, Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage which is based on love. Which weighs the most in marriage, love, possession, or social status? Jane Austen has different attitude and description about the four marriages. The first sentence in this novel is impressive. It says: “It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.” The undertone is very clear: the foundation of the marriage at that time is not love but possession, but Jane Austen tells us a different story.The main story of this novel happens between Elizabeth Bennet and Darcy. Elizabeth Bennet is a 20-year-old young lady. She is her father's favourite daughter and inherits his intelligence and wisdom. Darcy is a pride and kind gentleman with great fortune. Although, they were not attracted by each other at the very beginning, because they all have some complaints about the other, Elizabeth loathes Darcy’s arrogance, and she also has some misunderstandings on him, Darcy thinks Elizabeth is a very proud girl, and her families leave an awful impression on him. But at last, they fall in love and have a happy marriage. What changes their attitude towards each other? Because the pride and prejudice between them is long gone. They finally know each other deeply and accept each other. Their marriage is rooted in their love and respect. Comparing with other marriages in the story, Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage is the perfect one. The story reflects the author’s marriage view: it is wrong to marry just for the possession, lust and position. She emphasizes the importance of the ideal marriage that we should marry for love and emotion.Elizabeth and Darcy have a happy ending not only because of their love, but to some extent, Darcy’s property provides them the material need. From this we can see the author’s views: marriage is based on love, but property and position should be taken into account. In modern society, a lot of people marriage for money and social status, sometimes, it leads to a sad ending. I think, no matter when, Jane Austen’s views on marriage are of great value in leading us to the ideal marriage.My thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter deals with the background of the society and Jane Austen’s life experience, and how does those factors influence her writings; the second chapter reveal the authors views on marriage and the standard of the ideal marriage advocated by Jane Austen through analyzing the characters and their marriage in the story; the last chapter talks about the conditions of the modern marriage and how to found the ideal marriage from the inspiration of Jane Austen’s view on marriage.2.0 The background of the society and Jane AustenIn 18th and 19th centuries, the England society’s had serious social problems. One of the severest of these was the tendency to marry for money. A person sought a partner based on the dowry receivable and their allowance. In the 19th century, women were not well respected compared with the ones in the present society. There was no equality between woman and man. Women were considered to be inferior to men in terms of intelligence and capacity. The central life of women was forced to be staying at home. Their roles were to deal with the family affairs, such as taking care of the children and serving for the husband. This process went both ways: a beautiful woman might be able to snag a rich husband, or a charring and handsome man could woo a rich young girl. In these marriages, money was the only consideration. Love was left out, with the thought that it would develop as the years went by. Jane Austen (December 16, 1775--July 18, 1817), an outstanding female novelist of British, was born in the village of Steventon, near Basingstoke, in Hampshire. Her father is the local vicar. She did not have the normal schooling, but she got good education from family's literature teaching. From the end of the 18th century to the early 19th century, “the sentiment novel” and “the gothic novel” were the themes of Englishliterature, while Austen made a different way. Most of her works were about romantic love. That might have something to do with her failure in marriage. Jane Austen was unmarried her whole life, but she had fallen in love with a young man. Their love was pure and faithful. However, this young man had to submit to the marriage that his aunt arranged for him, because he was under lots of burden from family. Then Jane broke up with him, since she did not want to stand in the way of the young man’s future, and a lso in her opinion, marriage should be based on love. She loved no one else after that. That is the reason why she was unmarried all her life. So she put all her feelings in creating romantic and happy marriages.3.0 Four different marriages in Pride and Prejudice3.1 Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriageOnce Mr. Qian Zhongshu has compared marriage to a castle, b ut I don’t think this marriage theory is suitable for Darcy and Elizabeth. The marriage is tortuous between them but deep-rooted of love based. As we all know, Elizabeth and Darcy left a quite bad impression on each other at the beginning. Elizabeth thinks Darcy is insolent and arrogant, and Darcy does not like Elizabeth because of Elizabeth’s social class and her indecent relatives. But Darcy finally rea lized Elizabeth's preciousness, and Elizabeth’s prejudice and misunderstandings towards Darcy are gone. They deeply in love and possess a wonderful marriage at last. Their love and marriage are tortuous and kind of mysterious. I will analysis their marriage start with analyzing the two characters.Elizabeth Bennet is a person who is worth our imitation. She is a model because she is different from the others. She does not adhere rigidly to the standards set forth by society, she is self-reliant and independent. She is wit and intelligent. Most of the girls married in pursuit of money and fame at that time, even her best friend Chalotte who married a rich man for changing her poor conditions. However, Elizabeth is not submit to this mood of society. She would never violate her principle and her integrity. She is like the pure lotus that lives in mud but never contaminated by the dirty. That is the reason why she rejects Mr. Collin's proposal, because she would not marry without love. On the other hand, she doesnot totally disregard social costumes. She has good manners; her slight breach of decorum is justified by walking alone to Nether field Park to visit her sister who is ill with her genuine concern. She has good manners. When Lady Catherine criticizes Elizabeth skill of playing piano, she can have good manners to keep polite. Mr. Darcy is pride on the surface, but we know he is warm-hearted. He is a good friend, he is afraid that Mr. Bingley would be cheated and hurt by Jane, although he is proved wrong later. He is a good brother; he takes care of his younger sister very well. He is kind; he helps Wickham and Lydia with money even though he was misunderstood by Elizabeth because of Wickham’s rumors. The two people’s personalities are clear and sharp. At the first time, Elizabeth and her sisters go to attend the ball held in Meryton, and she is coldly treated by Darcy, but she uses her healthy sense of humor to joke about Mr. Darcy’s rude behavior at the ball. Darcy is handsome, tall, and intelligent, but not convivial, his indifferent manners are seen by many as an excessive pride and concern for social status. He makes a poor impression on strangers, but he is valued by those who know him well. He gradually finds out Elizabeth’s intelligence, wisdom and beauty. He begins pursuing her. However, at the beginning, Elizabeth rejects his love expression, because she does not like him, even looks down on him though Darcy loves her very much. In Elizabeth’s eyes, Darcy is arrogant and unreasonable because he is rich and has high social status. Realizing that, Darcy begins to get rid of those bad habits quietly. Because of Darcy’s perfect behavior and good education, Elizabeth gradually eliminates the prejudice on Darcy. Most importantly, the misunderstanding, prejudice and pride are disappearing as they know each other better and better. Then they spontaneously fall in love. So Elizabeth accept Darcy’s proposal at the second time, then they get married and have happy family lives.3.2 Jane and Bingley’s marriageIn this novel, the combination of pleasant Bingley and mild Jane is one of the most blessed and happy marriages. The couple has similar interests and they insist on pursuing their true love which leads them to a happy and perfect marriage. Mr. Bingley was a handsome and gentleman with great fortune. As a young man who is well-bred, he wascordial and simple. With this character he never appeared dissatisfied. He is easy to get along and constant in love although he is extremely rich. However he is in short of strength and independence in his marriage which is a big weakness of him. In this story, Bingley is popular with almost everybody in everywhere. Jane is the oldest children in her family. She is an amiable and mild girl who possesses the most beautiful appearance among her sisters. As an introverted girl, she is faithful in love but lacks strength and self-confidence. She is too shy to profess her love towards Bingley, nor admit it, thought she has feelings for Bingley at the time they met. Sometimes she is a little innocent. In her eyes, everybody is nice. She never see through the rotten side of life even she is deceived. Her character is vividly showed in many parts of the novel. So it seems quite natural for Jane to fall in love with the pleasant and simple Bingley. They meet each other at the ball, they are attracted by each other at the first sight, and they dance and talk together. As times goes by, their feelings to each other are getting stronger. But Jane has no courage to express her love, she buries it in heart and for Bingley, he is not a strong and determined man. This is his advantage but also his disadvantage. His cordial and simple character causes his quiet romance with Jane. However, his weak and easily-led character causes his departure from Jane. He suddenly leaves Jane when their romance goes smoothly, which nearly put his pure love and marriage in end. To a great extent, Binley left Jane because of Darcy’s misunderstandings on Jane. They establish a steady and constant friendship although they have totally different characters. Darcy wants to help his friend. In his opinion, it is impossible for Jane to love Bingley. He thinks Jane love Bingley because Bingley is rich, but Bingley’s love for Jane is pure. He doesn’t want his best fri end get hurt. So he persuades Bingley to stay away from Jane and she is not a good marriage option. But they do love each other.During those days when Jane stays in London at Mr. and Mrs. Gardiner’s invitation, she visits Bingley’s sister in person in o rder to get some information of Mr. Bingley. At last, they get together after the misunderstanding between Elizabeth and Darcy disappears. So the love and marriage between Jane and Bingley is pure and stable. They fall in love at first sight heartily. Thei r marriage is kind of tortuous just like Elizabeth and Darcy’s, but the truelove won’t stop them from being together.3.3 Chalotte and Collin’s marriageCharlotte and Collins’s marriage is the most realistic one in the story. Their marriage is based on money instead of love. Charlotte is the best friend of Elizabeth, but they are very different in the choice of marriage. Chalotte’s parents, like the Bennet couple, can’t give her much fortune, and she is as sensible and intelligent as Elizabeth, but her pursuit for spiritual happiness is not as strong as that of Elizabeth. In addition, Chalotte is a plain girl who is a little bit prudent. As a woman who is 26 years old, her choice of marriage is entirely out of realistic consideration. When she first meets Collins, she sees his folly. When he asks her to marry him, she also clearly knows that Collins is certainly not a reasonable person. But she immediately says “yes”, because “Marriage has always been her aim, what kind of man she is going to marry as is less important”, marrying a rich man can shelter her from suffering poverty. She thinks money can bring her sense of security. William Collins, a man of 29 years old, is Mr. Bennet's distant relatives, since Mr. Bennet has no son; Collins becomes the he ir to Bennets’ estate. Jane Austen describes him as “not a sensible man, and the deficiency of nature had been but little assisted by education or society”. Informed that the eldest daughter Jane has a boyfriend, he switches his aim at the second daughter Elizabeth, but Elizabeth has no feelings for him, what’s more, Elizabeth gets tired of him. Eventually, she rejects him with sharp tongue. However, Collins quickly seeks comfort from Charlotte who is desperately in need of love from a male and believes marriage is the elegant way to save a poor girl from suffering, and then they get married as quickly as the lightning. Such marriage without love is too practical and realistic, so it is a kind of superficial marriage without happiness.Marriage is just a task for them, but Collins couples get what they want from marriage: Charlotte gets the stability and prosperity of life; Collins also gets a warm home. This is how they understand marriage. There is no love and same interests between them; their marriage is based on benefits. Although they get what they want, marriage without love is not happy and stable.3.4 Lydia and Wickham’s marriageLydia, Bennett's third daughter, is a simple, frivolous, vanity girl. She is keen on social networking at an early age, enjoying contacting with Merry's officers, and even feels proud of it. “Whenever anyone urg es, she will be put into anyone's arms. Her feelings are always kept rolling, swing”. Wickham is a handsome, actual moral, luxurious, and treacherous man. At first, he seduces wealthy Miss Darcy, but his conspiracy fails. After joined the regiment, he first does everything to please Elizabeth, and then pursues wealthy Miss Kim, finally elopes with Lydia. Then, he gets into debt. So, he needs money and become rich and changes his social status through marriage. For his purpose, he seduces Lydia and wins her love easily, because she is young, innocent and frivolous, and loves to go ease and hates to work hard, and she is also spoiled by her mother. Getting love and praise from a man is what she dreams of. So when Wickham wants to reach his aim－getting wealth by loving and exalting her beauty hypocritically, she forgets who she is and feels she is the most beautiful and happiest girl in the world. Their love is forbidden by the parents, and then they elope. When Elizabeth hears the news, she believes that he does not love her but the wealth of her family. The marriage is admitted on the condition of Darcy's help. Their marriage is considered as a scandal to Bennett’s f amily. But Mrs. Bennet is not shameful of this marriage. The marriage between Lydia and Wickham is conditional. Thanks to Darcy's help, they get married and continue their lives. This kind of marriage is doomed to be unstable. After marriage, they are extravagant; just enjoy the pleasure at the moment, never considering their future. They always ask Jane or Elizabeth for help, counting on their support to pay bills. Wickham's love for Lydia soon suffer a disastrous decline, finally he is indifference to Lydia. They get what they want: Lydia gets erotic satisfaction; Wickham, he also gets the wealth; but their marriage is not satisfactory. This is how they understand marriage.4.0 Analysis and understandings of the four marriages4.1 Perfect marriage based on true loveElizabeth and Darcy’s marriage is intricate but is the ideal marriage because their love is based on love, they cherish each other, they tolerate each other, and of course after marring Darcy who has great fortune, Elizabeth’s life and socia l status are improved, and their marriage gets material security, but at first, Elizabeth refuses the rich man- Mr. Collins’ proposal without any hesitation because she does not and will never love him, from Elizabeth’s perspective, marriage without love w ill never be happy. Elizabeth has a deep understanding of all the things around her. She has a clear understanding about her own social status. Because of this, she resists extremely against the arrogance of Darcy, and she tries to protect herself from being hurt by Darcy's insolent attitude. She believes that she must make him know that she is not woozy. The ultimate failure wakes Darcy up. He is aware of his own short-comings. He accepts Elizabeth’s criticism, and faithfully corrects the shortcomings and mistakes. He is no longer arrogant and has a faithful love with Elizabeth. I remember when the sister asks Elizabeth how she would love Mr. Darcy, Elizabeth replies that she should date from the day she see the beautiful lane manor park. The statement seems to refer to the possession of Darcy. In addition to referring to the specific manor, she also refers the new Darcy seen in the garden.Elizabeth is a wise girl; she understands that marriage involves many factors, such as love, personality, status, property. Among all, love is essential to marriage, which is the author’s views on marriage that reflected in this novel. We should take marriage seriously; impulse will destroy someone’s happy marriage. Having a clear understanding about the person you are going to marriage is vital. Whether you can live a better life both physically and mentally is important to your marriage. That is to say, all the factors should be taken into consideration carefully. Those are the reasons why Elizabeth and Darcy’s marriage is the perfect one in the story.4.2 Happy marriage based on sense and similar interestsJane and Bingley’s marriage is also rooted in pure love, and also their concern for each other. It seems that their characters are quite suitable for each other. It seems that only their marriage involves purest love with no tint of money at all. Then why is not Bingley penniless but a “young man of large fortune”? This arrangement can also reflect author’s views on marriage. Love is essential for marriage, and money is also plays an important role in marriage. According to the relationship between Bingley and Jane love and similar interests are also the basic factors of a successful and happy marriage. With many similarities in character people can understand each other easily. Above all, their understandings lead to helps and supporting between them. They can live happily together in this way. They don’t care about the shortcomings of their partners and even they don’t see any faults in each other. Just as the old saying going “Birds of a feather flock together people of a mind fill into the same group”.4.3 Pathetic marriage based on money or benefitsChalotte and Collins’s marriage is kind of beyond our expectations. At that time, a girl from the low class, who has no pretty appearance and good education, takes marriage as the only way to change their situations. Jane Austen objects this marriage that based on benefits. Maybe lots of people feel pity for the females who lived in that age, but in no time should we make such hasty decision about our marriage. Many do play an important role in marriage, but a marriage without love which is just based on money won’t be pleasant, at last, people will get hurt from the painful marriage. Once I read a story from a magazine, a girl from a poor family married a rich man, she almost did nothing rather than shopping and seeking pleasures, she squandered her husband’s money so quickly, later, the man got tired of her, they divorced. The woman lost the source of money, but she has gotten used to the luxurious life, she can’t live independently. At last, she tried to blackmail some rich man and ended in jail. This is a tragedy; girls should be independent and marry the person who really loves you just like you love him. So Chal otte and Collins’s marriage is doomed to beunhappy, Chalotte once said to Elizabeth, “I am not romantic, you know; I never was, I ask only a comfortable home; and considering Mr. Collins’ character, connections, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness with him is as fair as most people can boast on entering the marriage state.”(Pride and Prejudice, 144) Therefore, Charlotte seems to have found some kind of satisfaction and happiness in her marriage without any love. It is interesting that in such a marriage based on money-transaction, the woman from poor family does marry a single man with a good fortune, but the husband himself has nothing to do with the enjoyment the marriage bring to her.4.4 Absurd marriage based on lust and vanityThe combination of Lydia and Wickham is absurd. Her admiration to Wickham is entirely up to his “handsome face, comely shape and charming talk”. Their relationship is entirely built on lust and impulse without love foundation. Their marriage is neither practical nor romantic. Lydia and Wickham’s marriage is built on sex lust and impulse. It is kind of ridiculous. They treat their marriage so carelessly, it is impossible for them to get a happy marriage. Lydia is attracted by Wickham’s handsome sur face at first. As a flippant girl, she seeks sexual pleasure. Then they make a rash decision to get married. This marriage is one without love. They don’t understand the real meaning of marriage; they only want to satisfy their aspiration. So this is a kind of impromptu love and marriage without true love and responsibility.4.5 Jane Austen’s views on marriageAfter reading the novel, we can see that people’s views on marriage in England at that time. In the 18th century, women longed for marrying a gentleman who possessed considerable wealth and high social status. Love, seems count for nothing. This was because at that time, women were forbidden from inheriting the possession. Marring a rich man was their only way to live a decent life after their fat hers’ death. That is the reason why Mrs. Bonnet is crazy to marry her daughters off. However, Austen has her own idea. She also emphasizes love. From her perspective, happy marriage is equal to “love + wealth +equal social status”. Marriage should be based on love and trust. People can’t just marry someone for whom he/she has no feelings at all. Austen also points that wealth and social status put great importance on marriage. Austen casts her criticism to the dark fact that people’s attention is only on property and high social status. In Austen’s eyes, marriage without love is contemptuous. We know Elizabeth and Darcy, also Jane and Bingley, both have a happy marriage. From these two cases, we can find out what kind of marriage Jane Austen prefers--- love is basic; enough wealth, good behaviors and equal social status are all necessary. These two examples are exactly the right explanation of Austen’s outlook on marriage. To draw a conclusion, in the novel Pride and Prejudice, Austen casts her criticism to people who take wealth and high social states as the only factors in marriage, with neglecting love. She expresses her views on marriage that marriage should be built on love but at the same time should take wealth, characters and social status into consideration.I think Austen’s outlooks on marriage are well worth our deep consideration even today.5.0 The inspiration from Jane Austen’s views on marriageJane Austen’s views on marriage have a profound effect on lots of people, especially on females. What is marriage all about? I think it is a question that is worth our deliberation. Marriage is an everlasting topic in our lives. Throughout the literary history, many masterworks are about marriage. Everyone has his or her own understanding of it. Some marry for money, some for passion, some for love and so on. Marriage plays an important role in our life. Whether your marriage is happy or not will influence you a lot. Austen shows us a different view of marriage; also let us think that what kind of marriage we want and we suit. Many people try to find out the secret of marriage, because everyone wants to own a happy marriage. Some think that marriage contains all sorts of worldly things: house, money. To get marry is to get money; marriage is their shelters that helps them out of plight and keep them from poor or other sufferings. However, Austen shows us that marriage is built on love. It is wrong to marry for wealth or for the sake of beauty and passion of blind. Those kinds of marriage can't last long a nd we can’t get happiness.The truly happy marriage is based on love and reason. Jane Austen leaves us lots of inspirations, especially。
Character Analysis of Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见人物性格解读
Character Analysis of Pride and PrejudiceAbstract: Jane Austen, an English writer, who was called "the most perfect artist among women. Pride and Prejudice was her best-known books. Pride and Prejudice described the clash between Elisabeth Bennet, the daughter of a country gentleman and an intelligent young woman, and Fitzwilliam Darcy, a rich aristocratic landowner. Their relationship starts from dislike, but Darcy becomes intrigued by her mind and spirit. At last they fall in love and are happily united.简要：简奥斯丁被称作“最完美的女性作家”，她是一名英国的作家。
《傲慢与偏见》是她的一部著名的作品。
《傲慢与偏见》讲述了伊丽莎白与达西的冲突。
伊丽莎白是一个乡村的绅士与一个精明的女子的女儿，而达西是一个富有的贵族土地拥有者。
他们的关系从彼此不喜欢开始，但是达西后来却被伊丽莎白的思想和精神所吸引。
最后他们彼此相爱并快乐地生活在一起。
Key words: prejudice, pride, class, loveElizabeth Bennet - The novel’s protagonist. Th e second daughter of Mr. Bennet, Elizabeth is the most intelligent and sensible of the five Bennet sisters. She is well read and quick-witted, with a tongue that occasionally proves too sharp for her own good. Her realization of Darcy’s essential goodness eventually triumphs over her initial prejudice against him. Her admirable qualities are numerous—she is lovely, clever, and, in a novel defined by dialogue, she converses as brilliantly as anyone. Her honesty, virtue, and lively wit enable her to rise above the nonsense and bad behavior that pervade her class-bound and often spiteful society. Nevertheless, her sharp tongue and tendency to make hasty judgments often lead her astray; Pride and Prejudice is essentially the story of how she (and her true love, Darcy) overcome all obstacles—including their own personal failings—to find romantic happiness. Elizabeth must not only cope with a hopeless mother, a distant father, two badly behaved younger siblings, and several snobbish, antagonizing females, she must also overcome her own mistaken impressions of Darcy, which initially lead her to reject his proposals of marriage. Her charms are sufficient to keep him interested, fortunately, while she navigates familial and social turmoil. As she gradually comes to rec ognize the nobility of Darcy’s character, she realizes the error of her initialprejudice against him.Fitzwilliam Darcy - A wealthy gentleman, the master of Pemberley, and the nephew of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Though Darcy is intelligent and honest, his excess of pride causes him to look down on his social inferiors. Over the course of the novel, he tempers his class-consciousness and learns to admire and love Elizabeth for her strong character. Darcy is Elizabeth’s male counterpart. The narrator relates Elizabeth’s point of view of events more often than Darcy’s, so Elizabeth often seems a more sympathetic figure. The reader eventually realizes, however, that Darcy is her ideal match. Intelligent and forthright, he too has a tendency to judge too hastily and harshly, and his high birth and wealth make him overly proud and overly conscious of his social status. Indeed, his haughtiness makes him initially bungle his courtship. When he proposes to her, for instance, he dwells more on how unsuitable a match she is than on her charms, beauty, or anything else complimentary. Her rejection of his advances builds a kind of humility in him. Darcy demonstrates his continued devotion to Elizabeth, in spite of his distaste for her low connections, when he rescues Lydia and the entire Bennet family from disgrace, and when he goes against the wishes of his haughty aunt, Lady Catherine de Bourgh, by continuing to pursue Elizabeth. Darcy proves himself worthy of Elizabeth, and she ends up repenting her earlier, overly harsh judgment of him.Mr. Bennet - The patriarch of the Bennet family, a gentleman of modest income with five unmarried daughters. Mr. Bennet has a sarcastic, cynical sense of humor that he uses to purposefully irritate his wife. Though he loves his daughters (Elizabeth in particular), he often fails as a parent, preferring to withdraw from the never-ending marriage concerns of the women around him rather than offer help.Mrs. Bennet - Mr. Bennet’s wife, a foolish, noisy woman whose only goal in life is t o see her daughters married. Because of her low breeding and often unbecoming behavior, Mrs. Bennet often repels the very suitors whom she tries to attract for her daughters.Mrs. Bennet - Mr. Bennet’s wife, a foolish, noisy woman whose only goal in lif e is to see her daughters married. Because of her low breeding and often unbecomingbehavior, Mrs. Bennet often repels the very suitors whom she tries to attract for her daughters.Pride and Prejudice contains one of the most cherished love stories in English literature: the courtship between Darcy and Elizabeth. Elizabeth’s pride makes her misjudge Darcy on the basis of a poor first impression, while Darcy’s prejudice against Elizabeth’s poor social standing blinds him, for a time, to her many virtues. (Of course, one could also say that Elizabeth is guilty of prejudice and Darcy of pride—the title cuts both ways.) Darcy and Elizabeth’s realization of a mutual and tender love seems to imply that Austen views love as something independent of these social forces, as something that can be captured if only an individual is able to escape the warping effects of hierarchical society.The theme of class is related to reputation, in that both reflect the strictly regimented nature of life for the middle and upper classes in Regency England. The lines of class are strictly drawn. In a sense, Pride and Prejudice is the story of two courtships—those between Darcy and Elizabeth and between Bingley and Jane. Within this broad structure appear other, smaller courtships: Mr. Collins’s aborted wooing of Elizabeth, followed by his successful wooing of Charlotte Lucas; Miss Bingley’s unsuccessful attempt to attract Darcy; Wickham’s pursuit first of Elizabeth, then of the never-seen Miss King, and finally of Lydia. Courtship therefore takes on a profound, if often unspoken, importance in the novel. Marriage is the ultimate goal, courtship constitutes the real working-out of love. Courtship becomes a sort of forge of a person’s personality, and each courtship becomes a microcosm for different sorts of love (or different ways to abuse love as a means to social advancement).References:/lit/pride/canalysis.html/viewpaper/6941.html。
傲慢与偏见人物分析
Analysis of Elizabeth in Jane Austen’sPride and Prejudice摘要十八世纪末的英国女小说家简·奥斯丁在其杰作《傲慢与偏见》中描述了几对淑女及绅士的婚恋故事。
本文旨在通过对小说《傲慢与偏见》中的伊丽莎白的性格分析来研究伊丽莎白的婚姻观和骨子里的女性意识。
关键词伊丽莎白；人物性格；婚姻观；女性AbstractAt the end of the 18th century, the English woman novolist weaved several love stories between ladies and gentlemen in her masterpiece, Pride and Prejudice. The paper aims to analyse Elizabeth’s character, her marriage view and her female consciousness.Key words Elizabeth; character; marriage view; femaleIntroductionIn this novol, the main emotion clue is the love experience between Elizabeth and Darcy and their attitudes towards each other. The heroline Elizabeth has prejudice against Darcy at the first sight. While after Wickham springing out in her life, the heroine’s emotional experience twists a lot. Afterwords, Elizabeth hate Darcy extremely and refuse his proposal when she learns that Darcy destroyed her sister and Bingley’s relationship. At the same time, she insults him that “if you are the last man in the world, you can not even think to convince me to marry you.” Finally after their communication, Darcy proposes to Elizabeth again. Because she eliminates the prejudice against Darcy guadually, they finally have a happy ending.Elizabeth is a young lady in the middle calss, receved secondary education, and is a daughter of a gentle. However, her family status are lower than the aristocracy. She often feels ashamed that her relatives and friends behavior ugly in public because they haven’t received education.2 Elizabeth’s main charactersElizabeth is a daughter of a British gentleman in the middle class in the eighteen century. Her mother is secular and vain. There are five sisters in the family. All the other sisters are philistine and vulgar like their mother, except that the eldest sister is reasonable. Her relatives also come from poor families and in low social status. Elizabeth has not only an attractive appearance but also the quality of optimism, self-esteem, purity and wisdom that women rarely have at that time.First of all, there is no doubt that the heroine loves her families deeply. When Jane gets cold, even it is a slight flu, Elizabeth walks alone in the mud to take care of Jane, regardless of the long distance and awkward state, while her mother and sisters think it doesn’t matter. In her opinion, all she thinks about is her sister, and she has to take care of her sister at that time. What’s more, when she learns that Darcy destroyed her sister and Bingley’s happiness, she refuses his proposal, although he is hansome, talented and rich enough.One of the biggest features of Elizabeth is her prejudice. Her prejudice is somekind of bigotry, and a lot of scenes reflect this character. When she first met Darcy, all the ladies are attracted by his hansome looking, his good manner and his big fortune. However she feels that he is not a big deal when he shows arrogance to her. She feels like that he is not worthy of her attention at all. At the same time, her crush on Mr Wickham is another manifestation of her character. She is not blinded by secular view of marriage. She has reasons to believe that people is always changing, so we can’t trust people just because their one shining point. However it is she that thinks to fall in love with Wickham just because her appearance and some light contactions.In addition, Elizabeth is born with a high level of self-esteem. At her age of 20, as a female, she never flatters the powerful people on purpose. On the contrary, her self-esteem and self respect express her resistance against reality in her own unique way. Darcy’s aunt interferes with her marriage, who is arrogant and has the status of the eminent lady. However Elizabeth did not scruple to her position. She did not feel shocked or awed, but responding to her in tit-for-tat sound. She said that you have no right to ask me, like this one, and don’t want me to frankly state. I don’t have to pretend to be as frank as you madam, so you can ask me questions, but I don’t have to answer. When the lady asks her to refuse the marriage with Darcy, she retorts, “it is my right to choose who to live with. I choose the choice to make me happy, and you don't have right to interfere with my decision.” This self-respect answer comes from a middle-class woman, which is very rare.ConclusionThis paper briefly introduces Elizabeth’s love for her family and her prejudice. The heroine does not follow the social rules to marry a man with fortune, but dares to search her true love. She sets a good example to females to be decisive and know what they really wants. It is inapproprite to marry for money ,or to regard marriage as a trifling matter.Reference[1]Austen，Jane．Pride and Prej-udice．Philadelphia：，2007．[2]Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice牛津大学出版社,外语教学与研究出版社,1991年2月第1版.[3]王科一译.《傲慢与偏见》,上海译文出版社,1990年7月第1版[4]郭志娟.反讽在《傲慢与偏见》人物性格塑造上的运用[J].赤峰学院学报（哲学社会科学版）,2009,30(6).[5]么孝颖,宁志敏.从会话含义解读!傲慢与偏见"中的人物性格[J].时代文学.2010,(4)．[6]台园园.从简#奥斯丁!傲慢与偏见"看对话对小说人物性格刻画之重要性[J].和田师范专科学校学报.2008,28(3)[7]简#奥斯丁．傲慢与偏见[M]．上海：上海译文出版社，1996．(责任编辑王文江)．。
傲慢与偏见PrideandPrejudice1995年版本中英文剧本3
傲慢与偏见PrideandPrejudice1995年版本中英文剧本3傲慢与偏见Pride and Prejudice BBC版本中英文剧本3Lizzy! Jane! What do you think? Mr Collins has made an offer of marriage to Charlotte Lucas! She's accepted him! 丽西,瑾你们说呢? 科林斯先生跟夏洛蒂洛克斯求婚了她也接受了Charlotte? Engaged to Mr Collins? Impossible! 夏洛蒂? 跟科林斯先生订婚? 不可能The fireplace in the great room at Rosings would be much larger than that. A fireplace of truly prodigious dimensions. 罗新斯园大房里的壁炉还大得多尺寸真正惊人的…好大But why should you be surprised, my dear Lizzy? Do you think it incredible that Mr Collins could procure any woman's good opinion, because he didn't succeed with you? 你为什么要惊讶呢? 亲爱的丽西你认为科林斯先生不可能得到女人的垂青吗? 就因为他向你求婚失败? Charlotte, I didn't mean... I Was surprised. Charlotte, if Mr Collins has been so fortunate as to secure your affections, I'm delighted for you both. 夏洛蒂,我不是这个意思我很惊讶可是夏洛蒂,若科林斯先生有幸获得你的感情我替你们两人高兴I see what you are feeling. I'm not romantic, you know. I never was. I ask only a comfortable home. And, considering Mr Collins' character and situation in life, I'm convinced my chance of happiness with him is as fair as most who enter the marriage state. 我知道你的感受你知道我不是个浪漫的人从来就不是我只要求一个舒适的家以科林斯先生的个性和地位相信我跟他结婚会跟大多夫妻一样幸福(COLLINS): My dear Charlotte! Cousin Elizabeth, you can see before you the happiest of men! 亲爱的夏洛蒂伊丽莎柏表妹我现在是世上最幸福的男人Jane, it was such a humiliating spectacle! She knows she'smarrying one of the stupidest men in England. I never believed her capable of that.瑾,真是太可耻了她明知道嫁的是全英国最愚蠢的男人我没想到她会做这种事Lizzy, you do not make allowances for differences of situation and temper. Our cousin Mr Collins is not the cleverest of men, perhaps, but he is respectable. He is not vicious, and as far as fortune goes, it's an eligible match. 丽西,你不懂得体谅别人不同的环境和性情我们的科林斯表哥也许不是最聪明的人但是个正派人他不是坏人就财产而言他也是适合的对象Very eligible! You wouldn't think of marrying a man like that, simply to secure your own comfort. 是很适合你绝不会为了保障生活舒适就嫁给那样的人吧?No, but Lizzy, not everyone is the same. 我不会,可是,丽西不是每个人都一样的Dear Jane! I doubt that you will have to make a choice between marrying for love and marrying for more material considerations. Though you may, perhaps? 亲爱的瑾我想你不会需要考虑为爱而嫁或为物质条件而嫁虽然你可能会?(THERE IS A KNOCK ON THE DOOR) - This came just now from Netherfield, ma'am尼德斐园刚送来的,小姐.- Thank you. 谢谢It's from Caroline Bingley. She writes.. ..that the whole party will have left Netherfield by now, for London. And without any intention of coming back again. 是卡洛琳宾莱写来的她说他们所有人现在已经离开尼德斐园前往伦敦而且不打算再回来(MISS BINGLEY): Charles first thought that his business in London Would only take a feW days, but We're certain that this cannot be so. I am convinced that When Charles gets to toWn, he Will be in no hurry to leave it again. I do not pretend to regret anything I shall leave in Hertfordshire, my dearest friend, exceptyour society. Mr Darcy, of course, is impatient to see his sister. And toconfess the truth, I'm scarcely less eager to meet her again, from the hope I dare to entertain of her being hereafter... my sister. Am I Wrong, my dearest Jane, in indulging the hope of an event Which Would secure the happiness of so many? 我哥哥查尔斯本来以为伦敦的事几天就可能办完但我们确定这是不可能的我相信查尔斯到了伦敦不会忙着离开亲爱的朋友,我不会假装赫特福郡有什么值得留恋的除了和你作伴的时光达西先生当然急着想见妹妹老实说我跟他一样急着见她因为我希望以后她会是…我的妹妹我这么想不对吗? 亲爱的瑾我衷心渴望这一件会让许多人都幸福的事Is it not clear enough? Caroline Bingley believes her brother is indifferent to me and she means to put me on my guard. - Can there be any other opinion on the subject?这还不够清楚吗? 卡洛琳宾莱相信她哥哥对我漠不关心还好心来让我提高警觉丽西这事还能有第二种解释吗?- Yes, there can! Miss Bingley sees that her brother is in love with you, and she wants him to marry Miss Darcy. She hopes to keep him in town and persuade you that he does not care about you. Indeed, Jane, you ought to believe me. No one who has seen you and Bingley together can doubt his affection. 当然有宾莱小姐看出她哥哥爱上你但她要他娶达西小姐希望把他留在伦敦让你相信他不喜欢你真的,瑾你应该相信我看过你和宾莱先生在一起就不可能怀疑他对你的感情I cannot believe Caroline is capable of wilful deceit. 我不相信卡洛琳会存心骗我All I can hope for is that she is deceived herself. Believe her to be deceived, by all means, but she can hardly convince a man so much in love that he's in love with someone else instead! If Bingley is not back by your side and dining at Longbourn withintwo weeks, I shall be very much surprised. 我只希望她这是自欺欺人你务必要相信她是被蒙蔽了但她无法说服坠入情网的人相信自己爱的是别人若宾莱先生两周内没回你身边到龙柏园晚餐我可会大吃一惊呢I don't envy Charlotte in the slightest! Fancy marrying a clergyman! - He'll read from Fordyce's sermons every night. 我丝毫不嫉妒夏洛蒂洛克斯没想到她会想嫁给牧师他每天晚上会对着她讲道- Before they go to bed! 然后才上床Look at that hideous cloth! It would do very well for Mary. 看这块难看的料子你不觉得很适合梅莉吗?Look! There's Denny and Carter. 看,丹尼和卡特- And Wickham! 还有威卡- I suppose you'll keep him all to yourself again? 我想你又要霸占威卡了吧丽西- Of course. She's violently in love with him! 她当然会啦她对人家一往情深- For heaven's sake, lower your voice. 凯蒂,拜托你小声点Good afternoon to you, Ladies! How fortunate! We were going to Longbourn in search of you. 午安,各位小姐遇到各位真走运我们正想走到龙柏园找你们We came into town in search of you! 我们是到镇上来找你们的We hoped we would see you at the Netherfield ball. 我们本来希望在尼德斐园的舞会见到你I was very sorry to lose the pleasure of dancing with you. But fate, it would seem... 很遗憾失去和你共舞的机会但命运似乎…No. With you I must be entirely open. I decided that it would be wrong for me to be there. I found that I had better not meet with Mr Darcy. Scenes might arise unpleasant to more than myself. 不,我必须对你坦白我认为我不应该去我在舞会举行前夕觉得还是不见达西先生的好免得到时场面让其他人尴尬I understand and admire your forbearance. 我很了解也很佩服你的宽宏大量Not that it would give me a moment's concern to see Mr Darcy publicly set down, but in Mr Bingley's house... It would grieve me to see him embarrassed and discomfited. And through him, your sister. 我不是担心达西先生当众丢脸不过在宾莱先生家里看到他尴尬为难,我会难过他难过令姐也会难过Yes. 是的- I hear Mr Collins is engaged to be married. 我听说令表兄科林斯先生要结婚了- Yes, to my good friend Charlotte Lucas. 对娶我的好友夏洛蒂洛克斯I had thought that his intentions tended in another direction. 我以为他喜欢的是另一个人Perhaps they did, but they took a little turn, to everybody's satisfaction. 可能是的,但他移情别恋结局令大家都满意And relief. I hope that you will stay and take tea with us. I should like to introduce you to my mother and father. 也松了口气希望你留下和我们喝茶我希望把你介绍给家父母认识Thank you. 谢谢Denny! 丹尼Oh, young George Wickham is such a charming young man, is he not, my dear? 乔治威卡这青年真讨人喜欢不是吗,亲爱的?What? Oh, indeed he is. It was very good of him to entertain us so eloquently with stories about his misfortunes. With such narratives to hand, who would read novels? 什么?的确他真好心,滔滔不绝地诉说他的不幸来娱乐我们有这么多故事听谁还要看小说?But I believe he has been treated contemptibly by Mr Darcy, father. 但我相信达西先生确实对他非常残忍,爸爸I dare say he has. Though Darcy may be no more of a black-hearted villain than your average rich man, used to his own way. 我想是的,丽西虽然达西先生的黑心恶行不过是有钱人的一贯作风It behoves us all to take very careful thought before pronouncing an adverse judgement on any of our fellow men. 我们批评别人之前最好还是三思而后行Lord! I feel very sorry for poor Mr Wickham. 天啊我很替可怜的威卡先生难过And so becoming in his regimentals! 他穿军服真好看I remember the time when I liked a red coat myself well enough. And I do still in my heart. 记得当年我也很喜欢看红外套现在我心里还是很喜欢And there's no need to smile like that, Miss Lizzy! Though Mr Wickham has taken a fancy to you, I'm sure you've done nothing to deserve it, after your dealings with Mr Collins! Well, it is all in vain, it will all come to nothing! The poor young man! If only he had five or six thousand a year, I'd be happy to see him marry any of the girls! But nothing turns out the way it should. And now Mr Bingley, of whom we all had such expectations, is gone off forever! 用不着这样笑,丽西小姐虽然威卡先生很喜欢你我相信你不配得到他的情意毕竟你曾经对科林斯先生这么无情不过这到头来都是一场空可怜的年轻人若他一年有5,6千磅收入我乐意把任何一个女儿嫁给他但一切都事与愿违我们都寄予厚望的宾莱先生再也不会回来了What? 什么?I've heard again from Caroline Bingley. It's now definite that they will stay in town for the whole winter. 我又收到卡洛琳宾莱的信现在他们很确定会在伦敦过冬I cannot believe it. 我不敢相信It is true. 这是真的Come now, Jane, take comfort. Next to being married, a girl likes to be crossed in love now and then. When is it your turn,Lizzy? You can't be long outdone by Jane, when here are officers enough in Meryton to disappoint all the young ladies in the country. Let Wickham be your man. He's a pleasant fellow. He would jilt you creditably. 好了,瑾,别难过除了嫁人姑娘家最喜欢偶尔为情所困什么时候轮到你,丽西? 你受不了老是输给瑾吧美乐顿有不少军官足够伤尽每个小姑娘的心就让威卡先生当你的情人吧他是个讨人喜欢的家伙会狠狠抛弃你的Thank you, sir, but a less agreeable man would do. We must not all expect Jane's good fortune. 谢谢差一点的人我也满意了我们不能指望像瑾那样好命True, but it is a comfort to think... that whatever of that kind may befall you, you have an affectionate mother who will always make the most of it. 的确但你也应该感到安慰一旦这种事发生到你头上你有个热心的母亲会拼命替你撮合I don't know what will become of us all, indeed I do not! And I cannot bear to think of Charlotte Lucas being mistress of this house! That I should be forced to make way for her, and see her take my place! 不知道我们将来怎么办? 我真的不知道我不敢想像夏洛蒂洛克斯当这屋子的女主人我得被迫让位给她眼睁睁看她代替我的位置My dear, don't give way to such gloomy thoughts. Let us hope for better things. Let us flatter ourselves that I might outlive you.亲爱的,别这么悲观我们不妨乐观一点运气好的话说不定我会比你长命You mustn't be anxious for me, Lizzy. He will be forgot, and we shall all be as we were before. But, I may remember him as... ..the most amiable man of my acquaintance. That is all. I have nothing either to hope or fear... ..and nothing to reproach him with. At least I have not had that pain. 你千万不要替我担忧,丽西我会忘记他的我们也会想以前一样被遗忘可是我会记得他是…我所认识最和蔼的一个人仅仅如此我无须奢望也无须害怕.也无须责怪于他至少我还没有那么痛苦My dear Jane. You're too good. Your sweetness and disinterestedness are truly angelic. 亲爱的瑾你太善良了你甜美无私宛如天使- Don't tease me, Lizzy. 别笑我,丽西- Indeed I do not tease you. There are few people whom I really love, and even fewer of whom I think well. The more I see of the world, the more I am dissatisfied with it. Jane, what if you were to go to town? Aunt and Uncle Gardiner would gladly take you with them to Gracechurch Street after Christmas. 我不是笑你我真心爱的人不多看得起的人更少对这个世界看得越多我就越不满瑾,如果你到伦敦去呢? 我相信卡地那舅舅和舅母一定很乐意在圣诞节后带着你回格雷斯查奇街- Why would you have me go to London, Lizzy? 你为什么要我到伦敦去,丽西?- No reason. A change of scene and society? 不为什么换换环境和社交圈罢了Why are you so late? I'm sure I feared your coach had overset itself, or you had been attacked by robbers! 你们怎么这么晚? 我还怕你们马车翻了或是碰上了强盗Nonsense, we made good time. How do you do, Fanny? 胡说,我们一路上都很开心,你好吗? Very ill, Edward. No one knows what I suffer with my nerves. - But then I never complain. - That's the best way, Fanny. You're very good. 糟透了,爱德华,糟透了谁也不知道我心里多烦但我从不抱怨这样是最好的了芬妮,你真好- Have you brought us some presents? 你们带了什么给我们带了礼物吗?- I see you've not changed, Lydia. 丽笛亚你一点都没变,丽笛亚- Why, have I not grown? 我没长大吗?- Aye, in everything but good sense. 是长大了,还是这么傻气Lizzy! Get yourselves in, get yourselves in, for you have barely time for a change of clothes! We are bidden to the Philips' this evening. I have no desire to be going here and there at night. I should much rather sit at home and rest my poor nerves. 瑾,丽西你们进来吧你们没时间换衣服了我们今晚受邀到菲力普家天知道我晚上根本不想到处乱跑我宁可坐在家里养养心神# God rest ye merry gentlemen, Let nothing you dismay,# Remember Christ our Saviour Was born on Christmas Day, # To save us all from Satan's pow'r...(SONG CONTINUES IN THE BACKGROUND)Aye, poor Jane. I would not have you think I blame poor Jane at all! Who could blame poor Jane for the matter? She is the dearest girl in the world! I was telling our dear sister, Mrs Gardiner, she did her best. - She would have got Bingley if she could. - She did her best, and no one could do more. But, oh, sister, when I think about Lizzy! 可怜的瑾你们可别以为我有责怪瑾的意思这件事谁能怪可怜的瑾呢她是世上最甜美的女孩了我跟妹妹卡地那太太说过她已经尽力了要是有可能她早就嫁给宾莱先生了她会的她尽了力谁也没办法比上她了不过,弟妹,我一想到丽西- It must be very hard, sister.一定很叫人难过,姐姐- It is very hard. - She could have been Mr Collins' wife by now! 是很不好受,她本来可能已经做了科林斯太太- That would have given you such comfort! 照至少还能给你一点安慰Oh, those Lucases are such artful people indeed. They are all for what they can get! 洛克斯家一家真是狡猾能到手的绝不放过However, your coming just at this time is the greatest of comforts. And we are very pleased to hear what you tell us about the latest fashions for long sleeves. 你们这时候来再好不过了我们很高兴听你说最新流行的长袖衣服May I present Mr Wickham to you, Aunt? 容我向您介绍威卡先生,姨妈I understand you come from Derbyshire, Mr Wickham. 听说您是德贝夏郡人威卡先生- Indeed I do, ma'am. Do you know the country? 是的,夫人你对那里很熟吗?- Very well. I spent some of the happiest years of my life at Lambton. Not five miles from where I grew up, at Pemberley! Pemberley! Surely it is the most handsome house in Derbyshire, and consequently in the world! 很熟我一生最快乐的几年是在兰顿渡过的那儿离我长大的地方不到5哩潘巴利潘巴利当然,潘巴利是德贝夏郡最雄伟的宅院也就是全世界最雄伟的宅院I see you take my view of things, ma'am. - Are you acquainted with the family? 我的看法和您相同,夫人您认识那家人吗?- No. 不,不认识I had the good fortune to be the protégé of old Mr Darcy. He was the very best of men. I wish you'd known him. 我有幸得老达西先生的照养长大他是最好的人了卡地那太太真希望你认识他And a four on yours, and I'm out! Lord, I've won again! Let's have some dancing now. I long for adance! Mary! Mary, play Grimstock.4点,我打完了天啊!我又赢了我们来跳舞吧我好想跳舞梅莉梅莉,弹支舞曲Capital! Capital! 太好了- Fine girls, are they not, Mr Gardiner? 她们可不都是好姑娘吗卡地那先生- Indeed they are, Sir William. - The two eldest in particular, perhaps?没错威廉爵士尤其是最大的两个- Indeed, indeed. They would grace the court of St. James itself! But let's not forget the younger Miss Bennets! 没错,我想圣詹姆士宫也会因她们增添光彩但我们别忘了3位小贝纳小姐Aye, theyhave arms and legs enough between them, and are three of the silliest girls in England.她们永远都少不了舞伴也是英国最傻气的3个女孩When do you go into Kent? 你什么时候到肯特郡?We shall spend the wedding night at Lucas Lodge, and then travel to Hunsford on Friday. You will write to me, Lizzy? I believe I am not likely to leave Kent for some time. - I shall depend on hearing from you very often.我们会在洛克斯居渡过新婚之夜然后星期五启程到亨斯佛村你会写信给我吧,丽西? 我想我暂时不能离开肯特郡希望常收到你的来信- That you certainly shall. 放心吧My father and Maria are to come to me in March. Lizzy, will you promise to be one of the party? - You will be as welcome as either of them. 家父和梅莉亚三月会来看我丽西你跟他们一起来好吗? 真的,我会像欢迎家人一样欢迎你- Then how could I refuse? But I'll only come if you guarantee me a glimpse of the famous chimney piece at Rosings Park! 那我怎能拒绝? 但你一定要保证让我一瞥罗新斯园著名的壁炉台That you could scarcely avoid, even if you wished to! 我想你很难错过就算你不想看也难(MARIA): Charlotte! Have you asked her? Is she to come to Hunsford with us? 夏洛蒂你问了她没有,夏洛蒂? 她要跟我们到亨斯佛村吗?- Yes. 要- Good! I shan't be half so frightened of Lady Catherine if you are with us, Lizzy! 太好了有你在,我就不会这么害怕看见德波夫人了Who is that girl dancing with Mr Wickham? 和威卡先生跳舞那女的是谁Her name is Mary King. She's come to stay with her uncle in Meryton. - She's not very pretty, is she? 她叫梅莉金来美乐顿看叔叔的她不怎么美,不是吗?- Beauty is not the only virtue, Maria. She's just inherited a fortune of 10,000 pounds, I understand. Now that is a definite virtue! 美丽不是唯一的优点梅莉亚就我所知她刚继承一万磅的遗产这是不折不扣的优点(MOTHER): It is very hard. And I feel sorry for Lizzy, because she's done little to deserve it.不,这太叫人难过了我很替丽西难过虽然她也不配得到威卡的爱(L YDIA): For Wickham to pursue Miss King all the way to Barnet, just for her 10,000 pounds! 威卡先生一路追梅莉金小姐到巴内特就是为了她的一万磅(KITTY): I wish someone would die and leave me 10,000 pounds. Then all the officers would love me! 我希望有人死了留给我一万磅那每个军官都会疯狂爱上我了- (MOTHER): I'm sure they would, Kitty dear. 我相信会的,凯蒂他们一定会的- (KITTY): Did you think her pretty, mamma?你觉得她漂亮吗,妈妈?- No indeed, she has nothing to any of you.老实说,她比不上你(L YDIA): A little short freckled thing! Poor Wickham. How he must be suffering. 又矮又长雀斑可怜的威卡,他一定很痛苦(JANE): January the 12th. My dearest Lizzy, here We continue at Gracechurch Street to be quiet and comfortable. Aunt and Uncle could not be kinder or more attentive. All I lack here, dear Lizzy, is you, to make me laugh at myself. Three Weeks ago, When our Aunt Was going to that part of toWn, I took the opportunity of calling on Miss Bingley in Grosvenor Street. I Was very eager to see Caroline again. And I thought she Was glad to see me, though a little out of spirits. She reproached me for giving her no notice of my coming to London, and I thought it very strange that both my letters should have gone astray. 一月12日亲爱的丽西我们在格雷斯查奇街继续安宁闲适度日舅舅舅母对我极为疼惜关心亲爱的丽西,我唯一欠缺的就是没有你来让我发笑你没忘记三星期前姨妈要到宾莱家那一带我趁机到葛罗斯文诺街拜访宾莱小姐我很急着再见卡洛琳我以为她很高兴见到我虽然有点意兴阑珊她责怪我来伦敦没通知她我还奇怪我写的两封信居然都寄丢了Very strange indeed. 的确很奇怪My visit Was not long, as Caroline and Mrs Hurst Were going out. 我没多久就走了因为卡洛琳和赫斯特太太要出门Goodbye, Miss Bennet. 再见,贝纳小姐They promised to call at Gracechurch Street in a day or tWo.I Waited at home every morning for three Weeks, and at length, today she came. I knoW, my dear Lizzy, you Will be incapable of triumphing at my expense, When I confess I have been entirely deceived in Miss Bingley's regard for me. She made it very evident that she took no pleasure in seeing me. When I asked after her brother, she made it clear that he knoWs of my being in toWn, but is much engaged at present With Mr Darcy and his sister. I must conclude then, that Mr Bingley noW no longer cares for me. 但她们一再保证一两天后就到格雷斯查奇街来看我我每天早上在家等了3星期最后她今天终于来了我知道,亲爱的丽西你不会幸灾乐祸我承认我完全看错了宾莱小姐对我的情谊她表示得很清楚她不想见到我当我问候她哥哥的近况她明白表示他知道我在伦敦但正忙着陪伴达西先生和他的妹妹我只得断定宾莱先生不再喜欢我了Lizzy! Come quick! Denny and Carter are here. And guess who else? Wickham! 丽西,快来丹尼和卡特来了你猜还有谁? 是威卡I heard you were going into Kent. I felt I could not let you go without calling to see you once. 我听说你要到肯特郡觉得应该在你走之前登门跟你道别I'm very glad you did. I've missed our conversations. I hear I am to congratulate you on your forthcoming betrothal to MissKing? 我很高兴你来了我很怀念跟你的谈话我要恭喜你就快跟金小姐订婚了You must despise me. 我想你一定看不起我Indeed I do not! I understand, as my younger sisters are not yet able to, that handsome young men must have something to live on, as well as the plain ones. 其实没有,相信我我了解一件妹妹不懂的事年轻男子无论英俊与否一样得为五斗米打算Miss Bennet... ..I would wish you to believe me that... had circumstances been different... 贝纳小姐我希望你相信如果情况不同的话Had old Mr Darcy never had a son. 如果老达西先生没有儿子Oh, yes. 是的But life is full of these trials, as my sister Mary reminds us daily. I sincerely wish you every happiness in the world. 不过我妹妹梅莉常提醒我们生命充满考验我真心希望你幸福快乐- You are very forbearing.你很宽宏大量- I flatter myself I am! I think Jane would be quite proud of me. 这不是我自夸我想瑾会以我为荣的I hope you and I, at least, will always be good friends.我希望我们俩至少…可以永远当好朋友I'm sure we shall, Mr Wickham. 我相信会的,威卡先生(FATHER): Well, Lizzy, on pleasure bent again. Never a thought of what your poor parents will suffer in your absence? 丽西又要去找乐子了没想过你不在时可怜的父母会多伤心It is a pleasure I could well forego, father, as I think you know. But I shall be happy to see Charlotte. 爸爸,我想你知道我不去找这乐子也无妨但我再见到夏洛蒂会很开心What of your cousin Mr Collins and the famous Lady Catherine de Bourgh? As a connoisseur of human folly, I thought you impatient to be savouring these delights. 见你表哥科林斯先生呢? 见著名的德波夫人呢? 我身为人类愚行的鉴赏家该认为你是急着去品尝这些乐趣Of some delights, I believe, sir, a little goes a long way. 我相信有些乐趣是可以细水长流的Yes. Well, think of me, Lizzy. Until you or your sister Jane return, I shall not hear two words of sense spoken together. You'll be very much missed, my dear. Very well, very well. Go along then. Get along with you. 是要,想我,丽西在你或你姐姐瑾回来之前我不会再听到一句有头脑的话我会很想你的亲爱的很好去吧,快滚吧Aye, Maria. All that land to the left of us belongs to Rosings Park. 是,梅莉亚我们左边的地方都属于罗新斯园All of it? Oh, Lady Catherine must be very rich indeed! 全都是德波夫人一定很有钱I believe so, I believe so! And she has many favours in her gift. Your sister has made a fortunate alliance! 我相信是的而且她乐善好施你姐姐能很幸运能结这门亲(SIR WILLIAM): Yes, well, I believe the next turn takes us on to Hunsford. 是我想再转个弯就道亨斯佛村Sir William! Maria! Cousin Elizabeth. I am truly honoured to be able to welcome you to my humble abode! 威廉爵士梅莉亚伊丽莎柏表妹各位光临寒舍真是蓬荜生辉- My dear Sir! 岳父大人- My dear Mr Collins! 好女婿I am deeply honoured to make a humble welcome to the Parsonage... 很荣幸能欢迎各位驾临寒舍牧师公馆我能在这里迎接各位…- I am happy to see you, Elizabeth. 我很高兴见到你,伊丽莎柏- And I you. 我也很高兴见到你The staircase, I flatter myself, is eminently suitable for a clergyman in my position, being neither too shallow nor toosteep. As serviceable a staircase as I've ever seen, sir. At St. James' Court... Though it is nothing to the staircases you will see at Rosings. I say staircases, because there are several, and each in its way very fine. And here, if you would permit me, cousin Elizabeth. This will be your bedchamber, while you are with us. And I trust you will find it comfortable and convenient. 不是我自夸,这楼梯对我这种地位的神职人员是在适合也不过了既不太浅也不太陡是我见过相当好用的楼梯在圣詹姆士宫…可比不上罗新斯园那些楼梯我说那些楼梯是因为那里有不少楼梯每个都非常精致请容我为你服务伊丽莎柏表妹这间就是你在这里的卧房相信你会觉得非常舒适方便- Indeed it is a very pleasant room.这房间的确很宜人- Observe that closet, cousin Elizabeth. - What do you say to that? 看到衣柜没有,表妹?你觉得怎么样?- Well...Is it not the very essence of practicality and convenience? Lady Catherine de Bourgh herself was kind enough to suggest that these shelves be fitted. Shelves in the closet...这可不是完全符合实用和方便的精神? 这要感谢德波夫人好心向我建议把架子装成你现在看到的样子在衣柜装架子Happy thought indeed.这倒是个好点子She is kindness itself. Nothing is too small to be beneath her notice, is it not, my dear? - She is a very attentive neighbour. - We dine at Rosings Park twice every week! - And are never allowed to walk home. 她真是太好心了多小的事都逃不过她的眼睛对不对亲爱的她这位邻居非常热心我们每周都到罗新斯园晚餐她从不让我们走路回家- That is generosity itself, is it not, Maria?她真是太慷慨了不是吗,梅莉亚?Her ladyship's carriage is regularly ordered for us. I shouldsay one of her ladyship's carriages, for she has several. And now, Sir William, you were kind enough to express a wish to see my gardens. 夫人的马车经常让我们使用其实应该说是其中一辆因为她有好几辆马车现在,威廉爵士您说过想看看我的花园Mr Collins tends the gardens himself, and spends a good part of every day in them. 科林斯先生亲自照料花园每天要花不少时间在上面- The exercise must be beneficial.劳动必定有益身心- Oh, yes. I encourage him to be in his garden as much as possible. - And he has to walk to Rosings nearly every day. 是的我鼓励他尽可能待在花园里他几乎每天都要走路到罗新斯园- So often? Is that necessary?这么频繁? 有这个必要吗?Perhaps not, but I confess I encourage him in that as well. 应该没有但我承认我还是鼓励他天天去- Walking is very beneficial exercise. 走路非常有益身心- Oh, indeed it is. When he's in the house, he is mostly in his book room, which affords a good view of the road, whenever Lady Catherine's carriage should drive by.的确不错他在家时几乎都待在书房只要德波夫人的马车驶过他可从窗口看得一清二楚- And you prefer to sit in this parlour? 而你喜欢坐在起居室- Yes. So, it often happens that a whole day passes in which we haven't spent more than a few minutes in each other's company. 对经常一整天过去我们在一起不过几分钟I see. 这样…I find that I can bear the solitude very cheerfully. I find myself... ..quite content with my situation, Lizzy. 我发现我很喜欢独处我发现我自己…对现状很满意,丽西- (COLLINS): Charlotte, come quickly! 亲爱的夏洛蒂,快来- (CHARLOTTE): What is it? 怎么了,亲爱的?(MARIA): Lizzy! Lizzy! Come into the dining room. There's。
权势关系在小说话语中的体现——浅析Pride and Prejudice片断
权势关系在小说话语中的体现——浅析“Pri de and Pr ej udi ce”片断王熠李虎董家丽(甘肃河西学院英语系)擅要：本文通过对小说片段中词汇资源的研究。
分析了小说中人物之间的权势关系．揭示了小说语篇中作者对人物及事件的态度。
明确了小说人物的人际关系，特着l j是权势关系。
北研究有助于对小说人物的理解及欣童。
关键词：评价系统；权势关系；小说话语1．引盲以H aU i dav为代表的功能语言学派把语言的纯理功能分为三种：人际功能、概念功能和语篇功能。
其中人际功能是指人们用语言来和他人交往．建立和保持人际关系，表达讲话者的身份、地位、态度、动机的功能。
人际功能主要通过语言和情态两个语义系统来实现。
硼次慢与偏见)是18世纪末，19世纪初英国现实主义作家简．奥斯汀的代表作．也是她的小说中最受欢迎的一部。
节选的片断是《傲慢与偏见》第三部分第十四章。
由于人物之间的权势悬殊很大．因此本文试图根据H出dav的人际功能理论和M ar t i n的评价系统理论．从词汇资源来分析作者是如何通过语言(叙述人话语和人物话语)来体现所节选片断中的人物间的权势关系的。
2．权势关系“权势”一词是由社会心里学家R oger B r o un A l ber t和G i l m an最先引入的社会语言学术语。
它主要指交际中的某一方在某一点．如社会地位、身份、年龄、辈分、财富等居于优势(如年龄大一些，辈分高一些，财富多一些，社会地位高一些等)。
即一方比另一方有权势。
在言语交际中，权势大的一方由于所扮演的社会角色．他们在交谈中的语势、语态上常表现出傲慢、自信、专横、不容辩驳．并多用指示、命令，甚至斥责、教训的口吻说话(吴雁。
2004)．句子以祈使旬为多；而权势弱的一方往往以汇报、请示、补充的口吻说话．句式多以陈述句、疑问句为主(朱士昌，2002)。
当。
社会角色”不占主导地位．“交际角色”成了某一特定场合的主要特征时，这种角色之间的转变常常由交际的性质决定．并通过语言形式来体现。
Pride and Prejudice
THE first week of their return was soon gone.The second began.It was the last of the regiment ’s stay in Meryton ，and all the young ladies in the neighbourhood were drooping apace.The dejection was almost universal.The elder Miss Bennets alone were still able to eat ，drink ，and sleep ，and pursue the usual course of their employments.Very frequently were they reproached for this insensibility by Kitty and Lydia ，whose own misery was extreme ，and who could not comprehend such hard-heartedness in any of the family.“Good Heaven ！What is to become of us ！What are we to do ！”would they often exclaim in the bitterness of woe.“How can you be smiling so ，Lizzy ？”Their affectionate mother shared all their grief ；she remembered what she had herself endured on a similar occasion ，five and twenty years ago.“I am sure ，”said she ，“I cried for two days together when Colonel Millar ’s regiment went away.I thought I should have broke my heart.”“I am sure I shall break mine ，”said Lydia.“If one could but go to Brighton ！”observed Mrs.Bennet.《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice ）是英国女小说家简·奥斯汀的长篇小说。
Pride And Prejudice
除了伊丽莎白和达西, 小说中其他的人物也都有傲慢的性格。柯林斯是伊丽莎白的堂兄, 其人虽 蠢笨但是也傲慢自恃。他骄傲的是他是贝纳特先生财产的唯一继承人, 他有稳定的财产收入和较高 的社会地位。当他向伊丽莎白求婚时, 他庄重的表情, 他的自我陶醉, 他的自以为是应验了他是个十 足的傻瓜。凯塞林得伯夫人同样傲慢, 而且有极为严重的等级偏见。由于自己的贵族血统, 她自视甚 高, 乐于抬高自己以贬低他人。热衷于插手他人生活, 哪怕是生活琐事她也要给与意见。喜欢听人奉 承, 而且无法忍受他人的顶撞。她严重的阶级观念让她无法忍受达西和伊丽莎白的婚事并且极力阻 止,但是结果却事与愿违, 反而让达西有了向伊丽莎白第二次求婚的勇气。彬格利姐妹的性格也傲慢。 她们有些姿色, 受过学校教育, 有自己的资产, 便只与有地位的人交往, 对于自己拥有的头衔骄傲不已。 骄傲, 在小说中除了呈现性格弱点外, 还含以其他的意义在小说中出现。贝纳特太太骄傲的拜访她已 婚的女儿们。伊丽莎白对达西为莉迪雅所作的一切深表骄傲。玛丽也急于表现, 发表了“傲慢与虚 荣”的演讲。在伊丽莎白和达西之间也有关于傲慢的讨论。
简· 奥斯汀运用讽刺幽默的写作手法生动的讲述了18 世纪末19 世纪初的英 国乡村生活面貌。她以女性特有的细致入微的观察力, 真实地描绘了她周围世 界的小天地, 尤其是绅士淑女间的婚姻和爱情风波。从18 世纪末到19 世纪初, 庸俗无聊的“感伤小说”和“哥特小说”充斥英国文坛, 而奥斯丁的小说破旧 立新, 一反常规地展现了当时尚未受到资本主义工业革命冲击的英国乡村中产 阶级的日常生活和田园风光。虽然身处战争年代, 但是文章只字不提战争。却 把注意力投向乡村的年轻人的婚姻问题。看起来似乎是家庭琐事, 但正是这些 琐事反映了巨大的社会问题。伊丽莎白对于自由幸福婚姻的追求, 对于阶级差 别的无视, 恰好反映了新兴资产阶级与封建制度的斗争。叛逆, 聪明, 勇敢的伊 丽莎白让人们印象深刻,同时这个形象也是英国文学史上最经典的艺术形象之 一。小说同样也反映了作者简· 奥斯汀对于女性的观点态度。奥斯汀批判19 世 纪英国社会存在的性别歧视, 她认为女性至少和男性一样有能力和明智, 女性 在社会上卑微的地位是不公平的。在那个转型的年代, 简· 奥斯汀这个安静阳 光般的女人, 为妇女的自由和独立发挥着自己的力量。她的贡献也为她赢得了 在英国文学史上的稳固不灭的地位。
浅析《傲慢与偏见》中金钱与婚姻的关系
