词汇练习(3)含答案
(完整版)英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
试题三第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into ( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example ( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over ( )A. the reader’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is ( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that ( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a ( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to ( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sentence ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ( )A. VocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken ( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16._________________ meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________ has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words.Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; beare ( ) G. twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of context clues; 2) typesof word formation; 3) types of word-meaning changes and 4) rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife"→"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort"→"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish"→"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47.How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner试题参考答案Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)21.B 22.C 23.A 24.F 25.D26.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.explanation32.head+head blending33.hyponymy/hyponym34.figure of speech; metonymy35.phonetic manipulation/alliteration36.back clipping37.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes38.degradation39.narrowing40.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)41. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.42. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.43.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.44.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.45.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)46.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.48.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to create new words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday50.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。
大学英语三级A级-词汇与语法(三)
大学英语三级A级-词汇与语法(三)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词汇与语法(总题数：100，分数：100.00)1.The son has almost been driven mad by his parents' (end) 1 complaints.（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：endless）解析：[答案精解] complaints前需要形容词作定语，end的形容词是通过在其后面加后缀-less构成的，所以为endless，意思是“没完没了的，永无休止的”。
2.The young boy had no friends there. His (lonely) 1 made him unhappy.（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：loneliness）解析：[答案精解] his后面需要一个名词做本句话的主语，lonely的名词是通过在其后面加后缀-ness变过来的，但lonely以辅音字母加y结尾，要把y变成i再加ness，所以为loneliness。
3.They took pains to promote the (cooperate) 1 between the two companies in developing a new product.（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：cooperation）解析：[答案精解] 动词promote后面需要名词作宾语，cooperate的名词为cooperation。
4.The chair looks rather unusual in shape, but it is very comfortable to sit ______.（分数：1.00）A.byB.on √C.withD.at解析：[答案精解] 本句意：这把椅子形状看上去比较怪，但坐上去却非常舒服。
高中英语真题-2014高考英语完形填空与词汇复习及练习(3)(答案)
高中英语真题:2014高考英语完形填空与词汇复习及练习（3）（答案）完形填空The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end, all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant. We _1__ the fir st night we had arrived. We had all gone into the markets of the city __2_ the young people could experience its energy. But wh at we actu ally saw simply 3 us all –the rundown houses, the children in rags, the people begging fo r money… Walking home, 4 under a low bridge, we came acr oss 5 families of homeless people seeking a bit of dry ground to sleep on 6 he night. We had to step over bodies as we foun d our way through the darkness.The poverty(贫困) was 7 than anything my young companions had ever imag ined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many 8 and cried. Spending time in this 9 moves a person t o care about humanity.That evening, our group spent hours talking about what we had 10 . Gently, I encouraged everyone to talk about the difficult 11 that day’s discoveries had inspired. Sitting together 12 a ci rcle as everyone had a chance to speak, we all began to realize that 13 of us was alone in our struggle to cope with our reacti ons.Based on my 14 in poverty-stricken areas, I suggested that 15 the emotions we had were painful, they could also be important in helping us to move forw ard. We all 16 that we had seen things that should never be all owed to happen. 17 , what could we do about it? Together, we began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the 18 we had seen. As I enco uraged group members to focus on 19 they could do, a sense of determination 20 the previous sadness. Instead of despair, these young people began to feel a call to action.( ) 1．A．put up with B．got back to C．looked back on D ．made up for【答案】Ｃ( ) 2．A．now that B．so that C．as if D．even if答案】Ｂ( ) 3．A．puzzled B．annoyed C．embarrassed D．shocked【答案】Ｄ( ) 4．A．marching B．running C．passing D．moving【答案】Ｃ( ) 5．A．entire B．normal C．average D．gen eral【答案】Ａ( ) 6．A．beyond B．with C．till D．for【答案】Ｄ( ) 7．A．stronger B．deeper C．worse D．l ess【答案】Ｃ( ) 8．A．gave up B．broke down C．set off D．h eld on【答案】Ｂ( ) 9．A．environment B．hotel C．house D．backgro und【答案】Ａ( ) 10．A．inspected B．attempted C．witnessed D ．challenged【答案】Ｃ( ) 11．A．feelings B．decisions C．thoughts D．impr essions【答案】Ａ( ) 12．A．along B．around C．by D．in 【答案】Ｄ( ) 13．A．neither B．either C．none D．eac h【答案】Ｃ( ) 14．A．experiences B．schedules C．data D．position【答案】Ａ( ) 15．A．once B．while C．since D．unle ss【答案】Ｂ( ) 16．A．supposed B．advised C．confirmed D ．agreed【答案】Ｄ( ) 17．A．Surely B．Rather C．Now D．In deed【答案】Ｃ( ) 18．A．burden B．suffering C．anxiety D．difficulty【答案】Ｂ( ) 19．A．how B．where C．what D．when 【答案】Ｃ( ) 20．A．replaced B．changed C．covered D ．improved【答案】Ａ1【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
成人本科学位英语词汇语法专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
成人本科学位英语词汇语法专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.1．He gave no opinion about the matter because he didn’t want to risk ______in it.A．to involveB．being involvedC．to be involvedD．involving正确答案：B解析：本题测试动词risk的用法。
risk后面通常跟动名词，表示“冒……的危险”。
本句的意思是：“对于这件事情他没有发表任何看法，因为他不想冒被卷入的风险。
”因此选项B为正确答案。
2．He ______ his son by giving him too much money.A．damagedB．hurtC．spoiledD．harmed正确答案：C解析：本题测试词汇的辨析。
根据句意“给孩子太多的金钱”，可知C选项spoiled(表示宠坏)符合题意。
damage：破坏。
例如：The desk is badly damaged．(桌子严重被毁坏了。
)hurt：伤害。
例如：Her father’s words hurt her very much．(父亲的话严重伤害了她。
)harm：危害。
例如：Smoking in the building harms a lot．(在楼内吸烟危害很大。
)本句的意思是：“他给他儿子太多钱导致宠坏了他。
”3．“Good-bye, Mr. Wang. I’m pleased ______ you.A．to meetB．meetingC．to have been meetingD．to be met正确答案：A解析：本题测试固定搭配。
be pleased to do 意为“很高兴做某事”。
本句的意思是：“再见，王先生。
很高兴见到你。
”4．The teacher has his students ______ a composition every other week.A．to writeB．writtenC．writingD．write正确答案：D解析：“have sb do sth”表示“让某人做某事”。
考研英语词汇必考词 第三节 练习题及答案
考研英语词汇(必考词+基础词+超纲词)练习题及答案详解必考词第三节(Unit 15——Unit 21；第 99 页—— 147 页)练习一：词汇与搭配1． He failed to carry out some of the p rovisions of the contract, and now he has to3． Things are usually cheaper i f they are bought bulk. 4． They sell the sweater a discount of 30 percent.5． High interest rates discourage people borrowing money. 6． The law does not discriminate any race, creed and color.7． I subscribe one daily newspaper and one weekly magazine.8． Corporations and labor unions have conferred great benefits their employees and members as well as upon the general public.9． I will be going to the United States a business mission.10． He looked like a farmer, but he was really a policeman disguise.11．My father likes playing golf; he’s really enthusiastic it.12． In the preface this book, we are given the reason why it has been republished.13． A good citizen is expected to conform the law of his country.14． I always hold what I have said.15． Several people remarked the fine quality of th e work.16． The teacher has repeatedly reminded him it.17． She was very tired, and no mood for dancing.18． Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected loud continuous noise.19． True patriotism consists putting the interests of one country above everything, including one’s life.20． My husband sympathized my proposal to move to a new apartment.21． Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.22． We can say good evidence that their work is on the path of sound development.23． The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was irrelevant the issue at hand.24．You’d better relieve her some of her housework.练习二：词汇辨析1．Up until that time, his interest had focused almost on fully mastering the skills and techniques of his craft.[A] restrictively[B] radically[C] inclusively[D] exclusively2． Any nation that interferes in the internal affairs of another nation should be universally .[A] blamed[B] reproached[C] scolded[D] condemned3． CCTV programs are by satellite to the remotest areas in the country.[A] transferred[B] transported[C] transformed[D] transmitted4． The government will a reform in the educational system.[A] initiate[B] initial[C] initiative[D] intimate5．He said his government hadn’t appointed any .[A] delegation[B] delegates6． A heavy crane was called in to the crashed train from the rails.[A] move[B] remove[C] skimmed[D] stripped7．Americans are highly, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.[A] movable[B] moving[C] mobile[D] motional8． The committee proposed to the U.N. Charter.[A] correct[B] revise[C] amend[D] edit9． He tried to ascertain the identity of the writer of theletter.[A] unanimous[B] anonymous[C] infamous[D] autonomous10．Don’t to lock the door when you leave.[A] ignore[B] disregard[C] neglect[D] overlook11． The goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly between researchers and teachers.[A] overall[B] intensive[C] joint[D] concise12． The English language a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.[A] owns[B] contains[C] holds[D] possesses13． The badly wounded receive for medical attention over those only slightly hurt.[A] superiority[B] inferiority[C] priority[D] minority14． The engine has more than 300 , made of a number of different materials.[A] compositions[B] ingredients[C] compounds[D] components15． The police stopped me the other day as I was driving home, because I was the________speed limit.[A] transcending[B] exceeding[C] surpassing[D] overtaking16． All theories, however, are tentative and are __to criticism.[A] immune[B] resistant[C] sensitive[D] subject17． A Hong Kong Special Administrative was established in July.[A] Region[B] District[C] Area[D] Zone18． Food that __easily must reach the market and the dinner table as quickly as possible.[A] damage[B] decay[C] spoil[D] rot19． Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the.[A] consequences[B] endings[C] results[D] outcome20． His reputation as a progressive writer is well.[A] built[B] established[C] erected[D] constructed21． A very large cat was watching us intently from the top of the car.[A] motionless[B] stationary[C] stationery[D] static22． The Chinese Women Volleyball Team won five world champions.[A] successive[B] consecutive[C] excessive[D]immense23． The river water was from its old course into a new channel where they were building the dam.[A] turned[B] switched[C] shifted[D] diverted24． The energy by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.[A] conveyed[B] released[C] transferred[D] delivered练习三：英语知识运用1．Much exciting research is going on in an effort to find these questions. Foremost is the work of Jean Piaget, the Swiss psychologist who pioneered the field and whose theories have had an unparalleled impact on education, especially in Europe.[A] answers[B] solutions[C] resolutions[D] conclusions2．It was within the computer age that the term “information society”began to be widely used to describe the within which we now live.[A] context[B] range[C] scope[D] territory3． Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self‐ conscious and need the that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.[A] assistance[B] guidance[C] confidence[D] tolerance4．It soon becomes clear that the interior designer’s most important basic is the function of the particular space. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound ‐shaping qualities, and too few entries and exits will not wo rk for its purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be decorated.[A] care[B] concern[C] attention[D] intention5． An expert system has as its base the collected knowledge of experts, the rules that experts use to arrive at decision.It,,emulates the knowledge and thinking processes of human experts.[A] by chance[B] so far[C] in essence[D] in addition6． Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[A] complex[B]comprehensive[C]complementary[D] compensating7．More US sinologists have expressed confidence in China’s economic reform and the prospects for modernization.“If the reformers are implemented,” said Doak Barnett, Professor of Johns Hopkins University, “they would the trend towards more significant and broader economic ties between China andthe United States, which will have in some respects, a favorable impact on political relations.”[A] confirm[B] force[C] reinforce[D] realize8． They do not provide energy, nor do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if any is missing a deficiency disease becomes apparent.[A] shifting[B] transferring[C] altering[D] transforming9． Some canals, such as the Suez of the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not on the coast, still other canals drain lands where is too much water, help to irrigate fields where there is not enough water, and furnish water power for factories and mills.[A] lain[B] stationed[C] set[D] located10． Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite recent. Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be i________n a single large building.[A] consisted[B] contained[C] composed[D] comprised11． This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send to the brain.[A] signs[B] stimuli[C] messages[D] impulses12．The maximum penalty for trafficking has been changed from 14 years to life imprisonment. This autumn, new laws, modeled US legislation, will be introduced to loosen banking and privacy regulations to facilitate investigation and seizure of drug‐earned accounts.[A] after[B] upon[C] against[D] on13． However, marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater of today’s youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewe r prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their hometowns to attend college, serve in the armed forces, or pursue a career in a bigger city.[A] mobility[B] motive[C] moral[D] mission14． In Germanic cultures punctuality is a sign of respect and politeness; being late is rude. Germans believe people should be exactly on time, neither too early nor too late. To the Indonesian, time is an endless pool; why be or hurry?[A] pressured[B] urged[C] depressed[D] spurred15． Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for vitamins. Many people, nevertheless, believe in being on the“safe side”and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well ‐balanced diet will usually meet all the body’s vitamin need s.[A] exceptional[B] exceeding[C] excess[D] external16． More families consist of one ‐parent households or two working parents; , children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the tra ditional family structure.[A] contrarily[B] consequently[C] similarly[D] simultaneously17．Nowadays, more people are living closer together, and they use machines to produce leisure. As a result, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, become by a byproduct of their machines, namely, noise. Noise is in the news; it has acquired political status, and public opinion is demanding, more and more insistently, that something be done about it.[A] damaged[B] spoilt[C] destroyed[D] interfered18．many instances, the people built special temples in which the meteorites were to be worshipped. Meteorite worship was common long ago in the Mediterranean area,and in Africa,India,Japan,and Mexico;such worship still persists in some regions.[A] On[B] In[C] About[D] Of19．Even though its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part‐timers and temporary workers. This “disposable”work force is the most important in American business today,and it is fundamentally changing the relationship between people and their jobs.[A] approach[B] flow[C] fashion[D] trend20．Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, reading as simply the decoding of symbols into the sounds they stand for. These authorities contend that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process.[A] view[B] look[C] reassure [D]agree21．Formost men,talkisprimarily a means topreserveindependenceandnegotiateandmaintainstatusin ahierarchicalsocial order. Thisisdonebyexhibiting know ledgeand skill,andby centerstage throughverbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or imparting information. From childhood, men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention.[A] holding[B] exhibiting[C] standing[D] playing练习四：语法与词汇1．The street in a small town is as crowded on market days as ________in a large city.A. oneB. thatC. onesD. these2．________ , photo synthesis is the ultimate source of food for almost all organisms on earth.A. It is an extremely important processB. An extremely important process, it isC. That an extremely important asD. An extremely important process3．I will help you when I ________ my work.A. finishB. will finishC. will have finishedD. have finished4．When I try to understand _________ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.A. why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is5．He was not asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,_________ insufficiently popular with all members.A. being consideredB. consideringC. to be consideredD. having considered6．I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had i t been at all possible, but _________ fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was7．I second his motion that we _________ a special board to examine.A. shall set upB. should set upC. will set upD. would set up8．You seem to take a keener interest in the subject _________ ever been shown before.B. than haveC. that hasD. which had9．It is true that the old road is less direct and a bit longer. We won’t take the new one, _________ , because we don't feel as safe on it.B. thoughC. thereforeD. otherwise10．During the early period of ocean navigation, ________any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques.A. so that hardlyB. when there hardly wasC. hardly wasD. there was hardly11．I have kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _________ twenty years ago.A. aboutB. sinceC. tillD. with答案及详解练习一1．answer for “对……负有责任”。
专四词汇语法练习
专四词汇语法练习（3）1. Ability to get along with people is an ____ in business.A) capital B) property C) goods D) asset2. Many Africans were ____ to Christianity.A) changed B) transformed C) converted D) exchanged3. The ____ scene of the waterfall is a perfect delight to the eye.A) significant B) magnificent C) superstitious D) substantial4. A lot of traffic accidents____ from carelessness.A) arouse B) arise C) raise D) rise5. The teacher____ me____ for disobedience.A) called ...down B) called...upon C) called...off D) called...out6. Some areas, ____their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A) due to B) but for C) in spite of D) with regard to7. I left for the school earlier than usual this morning ____ traffic jam.A) in terms of B) in case of C) for the sake of D) at the risk of8. John felt very ____ when everyone laughed at his question.A) boring B) complex C) embarrassed D) encouraged9. He criticized everything and everybody, and even ____ his teachers.A) ran over B) ran down C) ran against D) ran into10. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they ____.A) had been dreaming B) have been dreaming C) are dreamingD) had dreamt11. It was several hours before I was ____ of what was happening.A) alive B) aware C) awake D) ware12. Understanding this article is ____ a seven-year-old child’s capacity.A) on B) up C) down D) beyond13. Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help ____friendly relations between our two universities.A) foster B) utilize C) cherish D) raise14. Such a difficult operation may not succeed, it’s a(n) ____ gamble.A) essential B) fundamental C) elementary D) inevitable15. The Chinese nation is____ for its diligence and courage.A) disgusted B) distinguished C) discouraged D) disappointed16. ____ right now, she would not be late for the class.A) Would she leave B) If she leave C) Were she to leaveD) If she had left17. The student was very excited when he ____ his teacher in this important lecture.A) assisted B) insisted C) resisted D) persisted18. In a few days Mr. Barnstaple had ____strength of body and mindA) retreated B) recorded C) recovered D) replaced19. He was bothered by the____ bark of dogs in the neighborhood every night.A) constant B) perpetual C) long D) steady20. The Song Dynasty contributed three great inventions____ world civilization.A) to B) towards C) with D) in21. Anyone who has spent time with children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond to ____ situation.A) similar B) alike C) same D) likely22. In this factory , suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully ____.A) admitted B) acknowledged C) absorbed D) considered23. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents’____.A) command B) conviction C) consent D) compromise24. In a typhoon , winds____ a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.A) assume B) accomplish C) attain D) assemble25. Difficulties and hardships have ____the best qualities of the young geologist.A) brought out B) brought about C) brought forth D) brought up26. The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to____ the investment plan within a week.A) work out B) put out C) make out D) set out27. Richard doesn’t think he could ever____ what is called “free-style” poetry.A) take on B) take over C) take to D) take after28. Californians and New Englanders speak the same language and ____by the same federal laws.A) stand B) conform C) abide D) sustain29. The long-awaited Hubble Space Telescope, ____to orbit the Earth next March, will observe some of the oldest stars in the sky.A) subject B) owing C) available D) due30. Although we had told them not to keep us waiting, they made no ____ to speed up deliveries.A) trial B) attempt C) action D) progress1. 【答案】D【译文】在商业界友善跟别人相处是可贵的优点。
词汇学模拟试卷3及答案
《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(三)I. Choose the best answer and then put the letter of your choice in the given brackets. (30%)1. English words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by______.A. use frequencyB. originC. pronunciationD. notion ( )2. There was ______ agreement between sound and form in Old English than in Modern English.A. lessB. a bit lessC. moreD. a bit more ( )3. The early inhabitants of the British Isles were ______.A. ScandinaviansB. RomansC. GermansD. Celts ( )4. Modern English is regarded as a/an _______ language.A. analyticB. inflectedC. syntheticD. advanced ( )5. The word “internationalist” does not contain a/an ______.A. bound morphemeB. stemC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme ( )6. The prefix “dis-“ in “disloyal” is a ______ prefix.A. reversativeB. negativeC. pejorativeD. locative ( )7. The word “dorm” is formed by clipping the ______.A. back of a phraseB. front of a wordC. back of a wordD. front of a phrase ( )8. The overwhelming majority of blends are ______.A. nounsB. adverbsC. verbsD. adjectives ( )9. Words are but symbols, many of which have meaning only when they have acquired ______.A. motivationB. referenceC. conceptsD. association ( )10. The status of words either as superordinate or subordinate is ______ to otherwords.A. stableB. fixedC. consistentD. relative ( )11. The meaning of “lip” in “the lip of a wound” has experienced _____.A. associated transferB. degradationC. extensionD. elevation ( )12. Linguistic context may cover the following except ______.A. a paragraphB. participantsC. a whole chapterD. the entire book ( )13. Ambiguity arises due to the following except ______.A. homonymyB. polysemyC. synonymyD. structure ( )14. In the idiom “from cradle to grave”, ______ is used.A. personificationB. metaphorC. synecdocheD. metonymy ( )15. Theoretically, a/an ______ dictionary is a complete record of all the words in use.A. deskB. unabridgedC. pocketD. specialized ( ) II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions given in the course book. (15%)1. Norwegian, Icelandic._______________ and Swedish are generally known as Scandinavian languages.2. English words may fall into content words and functional words by ____________.3. Now people generally refer to ___________________ as Old English.4. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, __________ change and borrowing.5. Pronouns and __________ enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but are semantically monosemous and have limited productivity and collocability.6. Old English was a highly _________________ language like modern German.7. Blending is the formation of new words by combining ________________ of two words or a word plus a part of another word.8. Semantic motivation explains the connection between the _______________ sense and figurative sense of the word.9. Synonyms can be classified into two groups: __________________ synonyms and relative synonyms..10. When we talk about context, we usually think of _________________ context, hardly aware of the non-linguistic context..11. The more _______________ the idioms, the more fixed the structure.12. Changes of word meaning are due to _____________ factors and extra-linguistic factors.13. Synonyms may differ in the range and _________________ of meaning.14. The meaning of a word may be influenced by the ______________ in which it occurs. This is called grammatical context.15. So far as the language is concerned, Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs is regarded as a __________________ dictionary.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and then put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F” if it is false. (15%)1. Prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, numerals and articles all belong to functional words. ( )2. With the development of the language, more and more differences arose between sound and form. ( )3. The chief function of suffixes is to change the meanings of stems. ( )4. There is no free morpheme in the word “prediction”. ( )5. There are many words which have both the same conceptual meaning and the same stylistic meaning. ( )6. The words such as BBC, VOA, NATO and UFO are initialisms. ( )7. Grammatical meaning of a word becomes important only when it is used in actual context. ( ) 8. Such words as “miniskirt” and “reading-lamp” are regarded as morphologically motivated words. ( ) 9. Radiation describes a semantic process where each of the later meanings is related only to the preceding one like chains. ( ) 10. The ambiguity of the sentence “I saw her duck,” is thought to be caused by inadequate grammatical context. ( ) 11. Extra-linguistic context can exercise greater influence on the meanings of words than we realize. ( ) 12. In the idioms, such as “scream and shout”, “pick and choose” and “odds and ends”, alliteration is used. ( ) 13. Idioms are expressions which are easily understandable from the literal meanings of individual words. ( ) 14. LDCE is famous for its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usages. ( ) 15. Specialized dictionaries have the characteristics of both linguistic dictionaries and encyclopedia. ( ) IV. Answer the following questions. (20%)1.What is the relationship between sound and meaning? Give examples to illustrateyour point of view.2.What is conversion？What are the characteristics of conversion?3.What is reference? What are the characteristics of reference?4.What are the two major factors that cause changes in meaning? How are theyclassified?5.What is a dictionary? What is the relationship between a dictionary andlexicology?V. Analyze and comment on the following. (20%)1. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words and then point out the types of morphemes.lion-hearted contradiction workers2. Read the sentence carefully. If you find anything inadequate, explain the reasons and then improve the sentence.The fish is ready to eat.《英语词汇学》模拟试卷(三)参考答案I. 选择题1. A2. C3. D4. C5. C6. B7. C8. A9. B10. D 11. A 12. B 13.C 14. D 15. BII. 填空题1. Danish2. notion3. Anglo-Saxon4. semantic5. numerals6. inflected7. parts8. literary9. absolute 10. linguistic 11. idiomatic 12. lexical13. intensity 14. structure 15. monolingualIII. 是非题1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. T8. T9. F10. F 11. T 12. T 13. F 14. T 15. FIV. 问答题1.The relationship between sound and meaning is almost always arbitrary and conventional, and there is no logical relationship between sound and meaning. The same concept can be represented by different sounds in different languages. For example, ‘woman’ becomes ‘Frau’ in German and ‘femme’ in French. On the other hand, the same sound /mi:t/ is used to mean ‘meat’, ‘meet’, and ‘mete’.2. Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class. These words are new only in a grammatical sense. Since the words do not change in morphological structure but in function, this process is also known as functional shift. Words produced by conversion are primarily nouns, adjectives and verbs.3. Reference refers to the relationship between language and the world. By means of reference, a speaker indicates which things in the word (including persons) are being talked about. The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is arbitrary and conventional. Reference is a kind of abstraction, but with the help of context, it can refer to something specific.4. The two major factors that cause changes in meaning are: linguistic factors and extra-linguistic factors. Linguistic factors include shortening, the influx of borrowings and analogy. Extra-linguistic factors include the historical reason, the class reason and the psychological reason.5. A dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetic order the words of English, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning, usage, rules of grammar, and in some, their etymology. It is closely related to lexicology, which deals with the same problems: the form, meaning, usage and origins of vocabulary units.V. 论述题1. Each of the three words is made up of three morphemes: lion-hearted (lion +heart + ed), contradiction (contra + dict + ion), workers (work + er + s).“Lion”, “heart” and “work” are all free morphemes as they can stand alone as words.Of the nine morphemes, all the rest –ed, contra-, -dict-, -ion, -er and -s are bound morphemes as they con not stand alone as words. Of the six bound morphemes, -ed and –s are inflectional morphemes and contra-, -ion and –er are derivational morphemes, while –dict- is a bound root.2.The sentence is ambiguous, which is caused by inadequate grammatical structure.The sentence can be understood as “The fish is cooked or served, so it is ready for people to eat,” or “The fish is ready to eat things.”The sentence can be improved as: “What a nice smell! The fish is ready to eat,”or “The fish swimming back and forth is ready to eat.”。
新目标八年级英语(上册) Unit 3 词汇专练及答案
新目标八年级英语（上册）Unit 3 词汇专练根据首字母及汉语意思补全单词，并将单词的正确形式完整地填写在横线上（每空一词）1．Smith has three k________, two sons and one daughter.2．Bill told us a funny story and made everyone l________.3．David studies very hard，so he always gets good g________ in tests. 4．Susan is my best friend.I like to s________ everything with her.5．—How was your vacation, Johnny?—Oh, it was f________. I went to Dalian and had fun on the beach.6．Lisa b________my cup when we played together.7．I'm t________sorry to hear that you met so many problems.8．Paul was t________in music when he was young.9．As the s________goes, “Time waits for no man！”10．She sat q________in the room just now.11．What a f________movie！I want to see it again.12．I told you to clean the room, you didn't clean it, ________.13．His sister didn't do well in the singing c________.14．The little boy is very smart but not h________.15．Grace is three years old and she can speak c________.16．Be q________！I have something important to tell you.17．I think Linda dances b________than Kate.18．The Shanghai Jing'an team w________the men's U18 soccer gold medal in the first National Youth Games on August 26, 2015.19．Jack's brother is more o________than you.20．Students can't speak l________in the library.21．You can see yourself in the m________.22．It's n________ for you to learn English well if you want to work in America in the future.23．Most of us write with our right h________．24．Li Ming is nine years old and he studies in a p________ school.25．We can get much useful i________ on the Internet.26．The little boy is s_________to his parents.They are all outgoing.27．In f__________,I'm not interested in sports.28．Everyone c__________about his work and life.29．As l_________as we work hard, China Dream is sure to come true. 30．Please call us at 506－8829 for more i_________.31．His grandfather is very s________and I hardly see him laugh.32．Did you break your left ________(胳膊) in the P.E.class?33．They ________(到达) Wuhan at around 4：00 yesterday afternoon.34．It's ________(必要的) for you to learn English well if you want to work in the US in the future.35．—I hear Mary keeps four dogs.—Yes，she loves animals.She has a kind h________.36．Claire got good g________ in this test.37．Mr.Green is more s________ than Mrs.Black.38．They r________ Hong Kong at 5：00 yesterday afternoon.39．The boy felt sorry because he b________ his father's cup.40．There is a s________ that old habits die hard.41．Kate's schoolbag is newer than ________(my)．42．Who is much________(hard－working)，Jack or John?43．Eric looks a little ________(fat) than his brother.44．It is ________(cold) today than it was yesterday.45．It seems that this problem is as d________as that one.46．Do you think it is a t________beautiful park?47．His daughter is t________. She can always finish hard work very well.48．I don't c________what my friends think.49．The story was so interesting that we all l________.50．Was it ________(更凉爽的) yesterday than today?51．I like two kinds of dresses. I'll take b________ of them.52．A________ the students in our class like playing sports very much. 53．Both of his parents are f________ to others.54．His daughter can speak both English and J________.55．All of the farmers are working hard，but n________ of them feel tired.参考答案1.kidsugh3.grades4.share5.fantastic6.broke7.truly8.talented 9.saying10.quietly11.fantastic 12.instead petition 14.hard-working 15.clearly 16.quiet 17.better 18.won 19.outgoing20.loudly21.mirror 22.necessary 23.hands 24.primary rmation 26.similar 27.fact28.cares about29.As long rmation31.serious32.arm33.reached34.necessary 35.heart 36.grades37.serious 38.reached 39.broke40.saying41.mine 42.more hard-working 43.fatter 44.colder45.difficult 46.truly 47.talented48.care ughed 50.cooler51.both 52.All 53.friendly 54.Japanese 55.none。
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词汇练习（3）
1. Just months after entering politics, he finds he has been under _________ by a dogged justice system.
A. sanity
B. scarcity
C. scrutiny
D. serenity
2. We work to make money, but it’s a _________ that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money.
A. dilemma
B. struggle
C. collision
D. paradox
3.Jane was determined to _________ herself in the African way of life.
A. immerse
B. dip
C. duck
D. submerge
4.The small village was perfectly quiet, except for a few ________ dog barking.
A. abrupt
B. accidental
C. casual
D. occasional
5.Mr. Mage is always _________ on appearing his views these years.
A. anxious
B. enthusiastic
C. keen
D. thirsty
6.If we _________ in this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English.
A. insist
B. adhere
C. persist
D. maintain
7.Race remains a prominent and _________ issue in the United States, which has struggled to overcome a legacy of slavery and discrimination.
A. sensible
B. sensitive
C. sentimental
D. sensational
8.What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their ideals with reality. The underlined part means _________.
A. interact
B. interface
C. harmonize
D. pair
9.We _________ any attempts to infiltrate company networks to obtain user information.
A. sentence
B. condemn
C. reproach
D. scold
10.The sun, rain, and frost had damaged the _________ wall of this old building.
A. exterior
B. superficial
C. outer
D. outward
11.The boxer got _________ and fell down when his opponent gave him the final blow.
A. staggered
B. stamped
C. scattered
D. shattered
12.People who work in the city actually _________ in neighboring towns.
A. stay
B. reside
C. lodge
D. inhabit
13.Economic globalization does not suggest the government _________ its responsibilities and roles.
A. alleviate
B. diminish
C. devalue
D. decrease
14. The graduate committee must be in full accord in their approval of a dissertation. The underlined part means _________.
A. indecisive
B. arguable
C. vocal
D. unanimous
15.Choosing a car is not unlike choosing a dress. You should not only read the price _________ but also consider the image it conveys.
A. brand
B. label
C. tag
D. trademark
16.The UK and U.S. are _________ joint plans to attack Iran amid growing tensions in the Middle East.
A. drawing on
B. drawing in
C. drawing up
D. drawing out
17.The president _________ the speech by making some additions and deletions.
A. amended
B. patched
C. rectified
D. restored
18.When demand begins to revive, a sharp rise in price is _________.
A. inevitable
B. determined
C. undesirable
D. incredible
19.The radio trumpeted the presidential _________ across the country.
A. champion
B. champagne
C. campaign
D. chamber
20.The winner of the football championship ran off the field carrying the silver cup_________.
A.turbulently
B. tremendously
C. triumphantly
D. tentatively。