科学英语：气候变化对帝企鹅基因的影响
北极熊与气候变暖英语作文
北极熊与气候变暖英语作文The Plight of the Polar Bear and Climate ChangeThe polar bear, an iconic symbol of the Arctic, has become the face of the ongoing battle against climate change. As the Earth's temperature continues to rise, these majestic creatures find themselves facing an increasingly uncertain future. The delicate balance of the Arctic ecosystem, upon which polar bears rely, is being disrupted at an alarming rate, threatening the very existence of this magnificent species.At the heart of the issue lies the rapid melting of the Arctic sea ice, a phenomenon that is directly linked to the global increase in greenhouse gas emissions. As the climate warms, the sea ice that serves as the primary hunting ground for polar bears is shrinking at an unprecedented pace. This loss of sea ice not only reduces the bears' access to their primary food source, seals, but also forces them to travel greater distances in search of sustenance, often leading to their starvation or drowning.The impact of climate change on polar bears is not limited to the loss of sea ice. The warming temperatures are also causing changes in thetiming and duration of the bears' breeding and denning seasons, disrupting their natural cycles and making it increasingly difficult for them to successfully raise their young. Additionally, the melting of permafrost, the frozen soil that covers much of the Arctic, is leading to the collapse of denning sites, further jeopardizing the survival of polar bear cubs.The plight of the polar bear has not gone unnoticed, and conservation efforts have been undertaken to try to mitigate the effects of climate change on this species. Organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) have been at the forefront of these efforts, working to raise awareness and advocate for policies that address the root causes of climate change.One of the key strategies in the fight to save the polar bear is the promotion of renewable energy sources and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. By transitioning away from fossil fuels and towards more sustainable energy solutions, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, the world can begin to slow the rate of global warming and provide a glimmer of hope for the future of the polar bear.In addition to these broader policy initiatives, there are also more localized efforts to protect the polar bear and its habitat.Conservation organizations have been working with indigenous communities in the Arctic to develop sustainable hunting practices and to establish protected areas that safeguard critical denning and feeding grounds. These collaborative efforts not only benefit the polar bear but also support the traditional way of life of the people who have coexisted with these animals for centuries.Despite the grim outlook for the polar bear, there is still reason for cautious optimism. The increasing global awareness of the threats posed by climate change has led to a growing movement to take action and protect our planet's delicate ecosystems. As individuals, we all have a role to play in this fight, whether it's through reducing our carbon footprint, supporting environmental policies, or simply educating ourselves and others about the importance of preserving the Arctic and its iconic inhabitants.The fate of the polar bear is inextricably linked to the health of our planet as a whole. By taking decisive steps to address the root causes of climate change and to protect the Arctic environment, we can not only save the polar bear but also ensure a more sustainable future for all life on Earth. The time to act is now, and the future of the polar bear, and our own, depends on the choices we make today.。
暖气对企鹅的影响英语作文
暖气对企鹅的影响英语作文The impact of heating on penguins is quite significant. Penguins are adapted to cold temperatures and rely on their thick layer of blubber to keep warm. When exposed toartificial heating, penguins may become overheated and struggle to regulate their body temperature.Heating can also affect the natural habitat of penguins. Warmer temperatures can lead to the melting of ice caps and glaciers, which are essential for penguins to breed andhunt for food. Without these icy habitats, penguins may struggle to survive and their populations could decline.Additionally, heating can disrupt the food chain for penguins. Warmer temperatures can cause changes in the distribution of fish and krill, which are the main food sources for penguins. If penguins are unable to access enough food, they may suffer from malnutrition and their overall health may deteriorate.Furthermore, heating can increase the risk of diseases for penguins. Warmer temperatures can create favorable conditions for the growth of bacteria and viruses, whichcan spread easily among penguin populations. This can leadto outbreaks of diseases that can decimate penguin colonies.In conclusion, the impact of heating on penguins is multifaceted and can have serious consequences for these unique and vulnerable creatures. It is important toconsider the effects of heating on penguins and take stepsto mitigate its negative impacts on their populations.。
【英语新闻】全球变暖致使北极熊饿成“毛毯”般(双语)
【英语新闻】全球变暖致使北极熊饿成“毛毯”般（双语）A polar bear carcass found on the Arctic island of Svalbard, the northernmost part of Norway, has shocked experts who say climate change may be to blame for the animal's death.The starved polar bear in Norway was said to be in good health in April when the Norwegian Polar Institute examined and tagged it. However, the animal was reduced to skin and bones by the time a group of explorers happened upon its body in July.“From his lying position in death the bear appears to simply have starved and died wher e he dropped,” polar bear expert Dr. Ian Stirling, an adjunct professor at the University of Alberta, told The Guardian. “He had no external suggestion of any remaining fat, having been reduced to little more than skin and bone.”Stirling believes the bear starved to death as a result of a lack of sea ice, which the animals use as a platform for hunting seals. That may also explain why the 16-year-old male bear was found about 155 miles north of where it was seen in April.Arctic sea ice reached a record low in 2012, according a report released this weekby the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration that pointed to continued signsof climate change.The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently classifies polar bears as vulnerable on its Red List of Threatened Species.【参考译文】四月份挪威极地研究所在帮它检查做标记时，这只北极熊的健康状况还很不错。
帝企鹅
帝企鹅帝企鹅（学名：Aptenodytes forsteri）：也称皇帝企鹅，是企鹅家族中个体最大的，一般身高在90厘米以上，最大可达到120厘米，体重可达50千克。
其形态特征是脖子底下有一片橙黄色羽毛，向下逐渐变淡，耳朵后部最深。
全身色泽协调。
颈部为淡黄色，耳朵的羽毛鲜黄橘色，腹部乳白色，背部及鳍状肢则是黑色，鸟喙的下方是鲜桔色。
帝企鹅在南极严寒的冬季冰上繁殖后代，雌企鹅每次产1枚蛋，雄企鹅孵蛋。
雄帝企鹅双腿和腹部下方之间有一块布满血管的紫色皮肤的育儿袋，能让蛋在环境温度低达零下40摄氏度的低温中保持在舒适的36摄氏度。
群居性动物。
每当恶劣的气候来临，它们会挤在一起防风御寒。
可以潜入水底150至500米，最深的潜水记录甚至可达565米。
主要以甲壳类动物为食，偶尔也捕食小鱼和乌贼。
唯一一种在南极洲的冬季进行繁殖的企鹅。
在南极以及周围岛屿都有分布。
成年帝企鹅高达100-130厘米，重达20-45千克，是体型最大的企鹅。
帝企鹅身披黑白分明的大礼服，喙赤橙色，脖子底下有一片橙黄色羽毛，向下逐渐变淡，耳朵后部最深，全身色泽协调。
颈部为淡黄色，耳朵的羽毛为鲜黄桔色，腹部乳白色，背部及鳍状肢则是黑色，鸟喙的下方是鲜桔色。
雄皇帝企鹅双腿和腹部下方之间有一块布满血管的紫色皮肤的育儿袋，能让蛋在环境温度低达零下40℃的低温中保持在舒适的36℃。
小帝企鹅身上的浅灰白色绒羽可御寒防风，但不防水，防水的陵羽要等到它们快成年时才会长出，慢慢替换身上的绒羽，身体下方的绒羽会先掉。
从外观看，各种企鹅都很可爱，形态差不多。
但事实上它们之间还是存在差异。
帝企鹅与皇企鹅常被混为一谈，它们实际是不同的两类。
帝企鹅和皇企鹅很相象，它们都身披黑白分明的大礼服，喙部赤橙色，脖子底下有一片橙黄色羽毛，向下逐渐变淡。
不同之处在于，帝企鹅身材比皇企鹅小，耳部是黄色的。
它们身体表面覆盖厚厚羽毛的部分比周围的空气温度要低，酷似穿了一件“冷外套”。
红外热成像仪显示，企鹅身体表面平均比周围的温度要低4至6摄氏度。
帝企鹅，为何选择在南极最严寒的时候繁衍后代呢？
帝企鹅，为何选择在南极最严寒的时候繁衍后代呢？帝企鹅也称皇帝企鹅，是企鹅家族中个体最⼤的物种，⼀般⾝⾼在90厘⽶以上，最⼤可达到120厘⽶，体重可达50千克。
⼤家都特别佩服的地⽅是，它们总是选择在南极最冷的冬天繁衍后代，这是为何？⼤家都知道，南极最冷的时候，最低温度可到零下70度，这是北极的极点。
如果⼀个⼈待在哪⾥，没有任何防护估计就像冰棍⼀样，那么脆。
因为没地⽅储存，雌帝企鹅每次只产1枚蛋，由雄企鹅孵蛋。
母企鹅在产完蛋以后，因为消耗太多，必须去海⾥进⾏捕⾷，孵蛋的⼯作全权交给企鹅爸爸了，雌企鹅⼀次出去就是数⽉之久，等⾝体长膘了，才会回来替换企鹅爸爸。
然⽽，在寒热的冬天企鹅爸爸是不能进⾷的，并且还要孵蛋，这对它来说是巨⼤的挑战。
在孵化过程中，企鹅蛋是不能掉到冰⾯上的，不然马上就变成冰球了，还好雄帝企鹅双腿和腹部下⽅之间有⼀块布满⾎管的紫⾊⽪肤的育⼉袋，能让蛋保持在舒适的36摄⽒度。
所以，企鹅爸爸在⾛动过程中，只能双脚并拢慢慢的移动。
既然这么艰难，为何选择在这个时候孵蛋，原因有两个。
其⼀：帝企鹅通常在南极严寒的冬季繁殖后代，因为冬季敌害相对较少。
帝企鹅陆地上的天敌主要是豹海豹和贼鸥，为了保护刚出⽣的⼩企鹅不遭受天敌攻击，通常选择在南极严寒的冬季冰上繁殖后代。
因为那时候风雪很⼤，捕⾷者很少会出来捕⾷。
其⼆：⼩企鹅出⽣后温度适合⽣存。
南极3⽉间，⽓温降到零下30度，每年的交配季节就开始了，到每年的4⽉⾄5⽉间，雌性帝企鹅就开始产蛋。
7⽉中旬到8⽉初的这段时间⾥，⼩帝企鹅们陆续地孵化出来。
当⼩企鹅被孵出来正是南极天⽓开始回暖的季节，企鹅宝宝更能在这种温度下存活下来。
这个时候，企鹅的妈妈也差不多回来了，然后会接替爸爸的⼯作，喂鱼给孩⼦吃；但是如果妈妈因为意外没能回来，爸爸也不得不去捕⾷了，因为长达⼏个⽉不吃不喝，⾝体已经抗不住了。
没办法，这时候就会离开⾃⼰的孩⼦，去找⾷物。
运⽓好的话回来也许孩⼦还没死掉。
南极洲和企鹅的英语作文
南极洲和企鹅的英语作文（中英文版）**English Essay: Antarctica and Penguins**Antarctica, the southernmost continent on Earth, is a land of extremes.With its freezing temperatures and vast, icy landscapes, it is often considered the coldest, windiest, and driest place on the planet.Despite its harsh environment, Antarctica is home to a variety of unique and fascinating creatures, with penguins being among the most iconic.Penguins are flightless birds that have adapted to life in the freezing waters of the Southern Hemisphere.Several species can be found in Antarctica, with the Emperor Penguin being the most well-known.These remarkable birds have a variety of adaptations that allow them to thrive in their icy habitat.For instance, their bodies are covered in a thick layer of blubber that acts as insulation against the cold.Their feathers are also dense and waterproof, keeping them dry and warm even in the harshest conditions.One of the most interesting aspects of penguins" lives is their social behavior.They are highly social creatures that live in large colonies, sometimes numbering in the tens of thousands.These colonies provide safety in numbers, as well as warmth, as the birds huddle together to keep warm during the frigid Antarctic nights.Penguins are alsomonogamous, forming lifelong partnerships with a single mate.Both parents take turns incubating the eggs and caring for the chicks, showcasing their dedication to family and community.Moreover, penguins are excellent swimmers, spending a significant portion of their lives in the water.They have evolved streamlined bodies and powerful flipper-like wings that allow them to move gracefully through the water in search of food.Their diet mainly consists of fish, squid, and krill, which they catch using their sharp beaks and swift swimming abilities.Unfortunately, the lives of these remarkable creatures are under threat due to climate change.The melting of Antarctic ice sheets not only affects their habitat but also disrupts the food chain, making it harder for penguins to find food.It is crucial for the international community to take action to protect this fragile ecosystem and ensure the survival of these incredible animals.In conclusion, Antarctica and its penguin inhabitants are a testament to the wonders of nature.Despite the harsh conditions, these resilient birds have found ways to thrive and create a thriving community.It is our responsibility to protect their home and ensure their survival for future generations to appreciate and learn from.**中文作文：南极洲与企鹅**南极洲，地球上最南端的大陆，是一个极端之地。
关于秋天的英语作文动物与鸟类迁徙(中英文翻译)
关于秋天的英语作文动物与鸟类迁徙（中英文翻译）Autumn is a season of change, with its vibrant colors and cooler temperatures. It is also a time when animals and birds migrate, seeking warmer climates and better food sources. In this essay, we will explore the phenomenon of animal and bird migration in the context of autumn.Animal migration refers to the movement of animals from one region to another, usually in search of better conditions for survival. In autumn, as the temperatures drop and food becomes scarce, many animals embark on long journeys to find suitable habitats. For instance, some bird species fly thousands of kilometers to warmer regions, where they can find plentiful food and suitable breeding grounds.Migration is a complex behavior that is influenced by various factors, such as instinct, food availability, and weather patterns. Birds, for example, have an innate sense of direction, which is guided by celestial cues and magnetic fields. They also rely on visual landmarks and geographic features to navigate their way during migration.One remarkable example of bird migration is the Arctic Tern. This small bird travels an astonishing 70,000 kilometers each year, migrating from its breeding grounds in the Arctic to its wintering grounds in Antarctica. The journey takes the Arctic Tern through different continents and across oceans, showcasing the incredible endurance and navigational abilities of these birds.Apart from birds, many land animals also migrate during autumn. In North America, for instance, the migration of the Monarch butterfly is asight to behold. These delicate creatures travel thousands of kilometers from the United States and Canada to Mexico, where they spend the winter months. The Monarch butterfly migration is considered a natural wonder and attracts tourists from around the world.While some animals migrate over vast distances, others choose shorter journeys within their range. Deer, for example, may move to lower elevations in search of milder temperatures and better forage. Similarly, certain fish species migrate from rivers to the open sea, where they can find abundant food sources.Migration serves various purposes for animals and birds. It allows them to escape from harsh weather conditions and find accessible food supplies. It also enables them to take advantage of breeding opportunities in different regions. By moving to new habitats, animals can expand their range and genetic diversity, ultimately enhancing their chances of survival.The phenomenon of animal and bird migration has captured the interest of scientists, who study the patterns and mechanisms involved. This research helps us understand the ecological significance of migration and its impact on ecosystems. For example, the arrival of migratory birds in certain areas can indicate the health of the local environment and serve as indicators of climate change.In conclusion, autumn is a season of change not only for the weather and landscape but also for animals and birds. The migration of these creatures in search of better conditions reflects their remarkable adaptability and survival instincts. These journeys inspire awe and remind us of the interconnectedness of all living beings in our natural world.秋天是一个多变的季节，它以其丰富多彩的色彩和凉爽的气温而著称。
企鹅濒危原因
企鹅濒危原因据《卫报》报道，由于全球变暖导致的南极海冰融化，当地时间10月25日，美国政府宣布将帝企鹅列入濒危物种名单。
美国本土并没有帝企鹅，但研究认为如果全球不减少碳排放，帝企鹅恐灭绝。
这一名单将推动美国对帝企鹅的保护。
帝企鹅生活在南极洲，是世界上最高和最大的企鹅，它站立可高达4英尺。
帝企鹅因为特殊的育儿方法而闻名，雄性和雌性企鹅轮流保护它们的幼崽，然后轮流觅食。
美国鱼类和野生动物管理局表示，帝企鹅因海冰消失而面临灭绝，“气候变化正在对世界各地的物种产生深远的影响，解决它是政府的首要任务。
”海冰对于企鹅的生存来说不可或缺。
海冰周围和下方的水域对企鹅来说是重要的觅食区域，企鹅在那里捕食鱼类和甲壳类动物为食，海冰本身对于企鹅来说也是必不可少的休息场所，企鹅可以利用海冰逃避捕食者。
但由于全球变暖，海冰的流失威胁到这些企鹅的栖息地，磷虾是企鹅重要的食物来源，而海洋酸化正在减少磷虾的供应。
虽然在美国领土上没有帝企鹅在野外生活，但新的濒危物种清单将推动美国对该物种的保护。
政府将减少企鹅食用物种的工业捕捞，并审查导致美国温室气体排放的来源。
由于气候危机的威胁，美国政府此前已将北极熊、环斑海豹和各种珊瑚列入濒危物种名录。
美国生物多样性中心气候科学主任沙耶沃尔夫表示：“这也是一个警告，企鹅的生存取决于我们的政府现在是否采取强有力的行动，来减少因化石燃料导致的全球变暖。
”近年来，南极洲冰川融化正在破坏帝企鹅的栖息地，自上世纪70年代以来，南极洲地质学群岛的帝企鹅种群数量已减少近50%。
2016年，哈雷湾海冰提前破裂，1万多只小帝企鹅因不会游泳而淹死。
研究人员认为，到本世纪末，如果地球碳排放量不大幅减少的话，生态灾难将导致帝企鹅总数减少99%。
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This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。6Fra bibliotekgenetic
adj.遗传的，遗传学的
参考例句：
It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
The iconic species is famed for its adaptations to its icy world, breeding on sea ice during the Antarctic winter when temperatures regularly drop below -30 °C. However, the team discovered that conditions were probably too harsh for emperor penguins during the last ice age and that the population was roughly seven times smaller than today and split up into three refugial populations.
The findings, published today in the journal Global Change Biology, suggest that while current climate conditions may be optimal4 for emperor penguins, conditions in the past were too extreme for large populations to survive.
Optimal path planning is a key link for the sailing contest.帆船最优行驶路径规划是帆船比赛取胜的关键环节。
5 Oxford
n.牛津（英国城市）
参考例句：
At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
A study of how climate change has affected1 emperor penguins3 over the last 30,000 years found that only three populations may have survived during the last ice age, and that the Ross Sea in Antarctica was likely the refuge for one of these populations. The Ross Sea is likely to have been a shelter for emperor penguins for thousands of years during the last ice age, when much of the rest of Antarctica was uninhabitable due to the amount of ice.
词汇解析：
1 affected
adj.不自然的，假装的
参考例句：
She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。
2 penguin
n.企鹅
参考例句：
The penguin is a flightless bird.企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟。
Whales, seals, penguins, and turtles have flippers.鲸、海豹，企鹅和海龟均有鳍形肢。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
4 optimal
adj.最适宜的；最理想的；最令人满意的
参考例句：
What is the optimal mix of private and public property rights in natural resources?私人和国家的自然资源产权的最适宜的组合是什么？
A team of researchers, led by scientists from the universities of Southampton, Oxford5, Tasmania and the Australian Antarctic Division, and supported in Antarctica by Adventure Network International, examined the genetic6 diversity of modern and ancient emperor penguin2 populations in Antarctica to estimate how they had been changing over time.
He walked with an awkward gait like a penguin.他走路的步子难看得就像企鹅。
3 penguins
n.企鹅( penguin的名词复数)
参考例句：
Why can penguins live in cold environment?为什么企鹅能生活在寒冷的环境中？来自《简明英汉词典》
Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
更多英语学习方法：企业英语培训/