2017中考英语名词考点

2017中考英语名词考点
2017中考英语名词考点

1、根据近几年全国各地中考试题对名词部分考查的

分析可知,今后对名词部分的考查重点为:

2、名词的可数与不可数性。

3、名词单复数在特定情况下的使用。

4、名词的普通格与所有格作定语的选用。

5、物质名词、抽象名词具体化。名词词义的区别与固定搭配。

一、名词的各种分类。单、复数的用法及单数名词变复数名词的方式,包括可数名词的复数的变化规则,少数不规则名词的复数形式及部分单复、数同形的名词。【考例】There is good ________ for you. I've found

your lost watch. [广东省]

A.news

B. ideas

C. messages

D. thoughts

[答案]A。[解析]四个选项都是以s 结尾的名词,其中 A 为不可数名词,B 、C 、D 为名词的复数形式,句中用了连系动词is,所以只有 A 项正确。

My uncle will come to my house for dinner.I want to buy some ___to make a vegetable salad for him.[济宁]A.meat B.tomatoes C.apple juice

[答案]B。[解析]下文说制作蔬菜沙拉,故选蔬菜类的tomatoes。

The teacher said we needed to choose three for the school concert. [重庆]

A. farmers

B. doctors

C. drivers

D. singers

[答案] D。[解析]可数名词的复数形式是在原形后加“s”。根据school concert 可知,需要挑选的是singers。At night the koala bear gets up and eats

_____________ .[广元]

A.1eaf B.1eaves C.leafs

[答案]B。[解析]考查名词leaf 的复数形式。以f 或fe 结尾的名词在变复数时,一般将f 或fe 变v 后,加es。The PLA man saved three lives in the accident.[济

南]

A.children's B.children C.child D.childs' [答案]A。[解析]考查名词所有格的用法。three 后接复数children,变名词所有格时直接加“'s”,故选A。Come on,children.Help yourselves to some ______________________________ if you like.[南通]

A.fish and chicken B.fishes and chicken C.fish and

chickensD.fishes and chickens [答案]A。[解析]fish(鱼肉)和chicken(鸡肉)都是不可数名词。All the __ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,because it was their own holiday.[重庆] A.man

B.men C.woman

D .women [答案]D。[解析]由时间on March 8th 可知是妇女节,因此是女教师。“女教师”单数形式用woman teacher,复数形式两个词都要变为复数。故选D。二、不可数名词数量的表达法。用“ 数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数,但of 后面的名词只能用单数。Mr Smith always has _ to tell us.[青岛]A.some good pieces of news B.some pieces

of good news C.some good piece of newes D .some piece

of good newes [答案]A。[解析]考查名词的数的掌握。news 意为“消息”,是不可数名词,所以C、D 两项可排除。形容词修饰类似的词组时,一般放在

前面。

——Would you like to have a look at some pants?

They may fit you well.

一Well,I'd like to try those blue ________ .[黄冈]A.pairs B.one C.pant

D .pair

[答案]A。[解析]pants 要用 a pair of 来修饰,由those blue 确定其后接pairs 的复数形式,故选A。

―Would you like some drinks, boys?[河北]

―Yes, , please.

A. some oranges

B. two boxes of chocolates

C. some cakes

D. two bottles of orange

[答案] D [解析]orange 是不可数名词。可用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示它的数量。量词(piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup 等)是可数名词,可根据情况用单数或复数,但of 后面的名词只能用单数。

exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. [黄冈]

A. What an, a

B. What, a

C. How an, the

D. How, the

[答案] B。[解析]news 为不可数名词,其前面不能用a/an 来修饰。不可数名词的确切数量可借助单位词组来表示,如a piece of,a cup of ,two glasses of three bottles of,etc。

三、名词所有格及其用法。以-s 结尾的单数名词加“'” 或“'s”构成所有格;以-s 或-es 结尾的复数名词只加“'”;不规则复数名词在词尾加“'s”;两者或两者以上共同所有,把“'s”加在最后的名词上;表示各自拥有某件东西时,每个名词都要用所有格形式。

________ fathers are both scientists.[咸宁]

A.Jim's and Bob B.Jim's and Bob's C.Jim and Bob's D.Jim and Bob

[答案]B。[解析]当两个人分别拥有时,要在每个人后都加名词所有格的标志“'s”来表达。吉姆的父亲和鲍勃的父亲不是一个人,所以在其后都加

“'s”,故选

B。

____ room is big and bright .They like it very much.[河北]

A.Tom and Sam B.Tom's find Sam C.Tom and Sam's D.Tom's and Sam's

[答案]C。[解析]本题考查名词所有格的用法。表示两人共同拥有某一事物时,只需要在第二个人的后面加“'s”。故选C。

―How's Joy's skirt? ―Her skirt is more beautiful

than . [兰州]

A. her sister's and Kate

B. her sister and Kate

C.her sister and Kate's

D. her sister's and Kate's [答案] D。[解析]当某物为几个人所共有时,只在最后一个名词后用所有格形式;如表示两者或两者以上分别所有,应在每个名词后用所有格形式。

四、表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词,也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。如:today's newspaper.ten minutes,walk,China's industry —Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?

—No, it's about ______ . (浙江宁波)

A. 7 minutes walk

B. 7 minute walk

C. 7 minutes' walk

D.

7 minute's walk

[答案]C 。[解析]考查名词所有格用法。当名词的复数以-s 结尾时,则只需要加“'”即可,则“7 分钟的距离” 为“7 minutes' walk”。

——Come and see me in .

——With pleasure.That's what I'm expecting.[哈尔滨] A.two or three days' B .two or three day's time

C .two or three days' time

答案:C 解析:in 后接一段时间,此处表示“两三天

的时间”,要用名词所有格形式,因two or three days 是复数,直接加“”',故选C。

I'm going on holiday on the 12th.I have to be back at work on the 26th.So I've got two ______ holiday.[临沂]

A.weeks B.week's C.weeks'

D .week

答案:C 解析:本题考查名词所有格的用法。“两周” 是复数,用two weeks,weeks 变名词所有格时,只需在后面加“'”,故选C。

五、名词作主语时的主谓一致。主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式,主语为复数,则谓语动词也用复数;主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式;主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义,则谓语动词也采用单数形式;谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。

六、语境中名词的选择。根据语境确定名词的词义,再根据句法进一步确定词形。

Studying in a foreign country is a different ___ and you can learn a lot.[盐城]

A.event B.exercise C.experience

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