2015职称英语理工b完形填空—— 译文 整理
2015年职称英语综合B概括大意译文
概括大意文章及译文第六篇 How we form first impression我们是如何形成第一印象的对刚刚遇到的人我们都会有第一印象，为什么？除去一些描述或显而易见的特征，我们很可能对他们一无所知，那为什么我们他们形成主观的看法呢？这与你的大脑如何感知世界是息息相关的。
大脑对面部特征十分敏感，即使是在眼睛、耳朵或嘴部的位置的差异也会使大脑察觉到这个人是“不同的”。
实际上，大脑一直在不断地对接收到的感官信息——也就是影像和声音——进行处理。
大脑将这些“信号”与储存在脑皮层系统的大量“记忆” 相比较，以便确定这些新收到的信号的“意思”。
如果你在学校看到某个你认识而且喜欢的人，你的大脑会做出“熟悉安全”的判断；如果你看见了一个陌生的人，你的大脑会告诉你“陌生，有潜在的威胁”。
紧接着你的大脑会开始将这个陌生人的特征与“已知”的记忆进行比较。
包括身高、体重、穿着、种族、手势以及音调等。
特征越不相符，大脑越会告诫你，“这是陌生人，我不喜欢这个人”，或“我很好奇”。
大脑也可能观察到一张新面孔，但却有着熟悉的穿着、种族特征和手势——像你的朋友，这时大脑会告诉你“我喜欢这个人”。
但这些第一印象却可能是完全错误的。
当区分人时，我们会用一种不成熟的思维方式（与小孩子的那些不成熟的想法没区别）去对别人做出简单并且绝对性的判断。
（这样的后果是）我们将人区分为蠢货、反常的人或怪人，而不是对人的深度和广度，即历史、兴趣、价值、长处或真正的性格有所了解。
但是，如果对刻板印象加以抑制，我们就会有机会对一个人有真正的了解。
如果我们花一些时间与一个人在一起，倾听他或她的生活、希望和梦想，了解了这个人的性格，我们才会用一种不同的、更成熟的方式——用脑皮层中最复杂的区域——去思考。
这会使我们更富有人情味。
7- How to Argue with Your Boss 怎样与老板争论在你与老板争论以前，先去老板秘书那里问一下老板的情绪，如果他情绪很糟，去向他提要求可不是一个好主意。
2015年职称英语_综合类_国家指定教材_完形填空_所有文章中英文对照版
2015年职称英语_国家指定教材完形填空_所有文章中英文对照版综合类2015年职称英语_国家指定教材_完形填空_所有文章中英文对照版 (2)完形填空文章_综合类_C级 (3)第一篇 A Life with Birds【有鸟陪伴的生活】 (3)第二篇 A Lucky Break【幸福的骨折】 (5)第三篇Global Warming 【全球变暖】 (6)第四篇 A Success Story【一个成功的故事】 (8)第五篇Traffic in Our Cities 【城市的交通】 (10)完形填空文章_综合类_B级 (12)第六篇Teaching and Learning【教与学】 (12)第七篇The Difference between Man and Computer 【人与电脑的区别】 (14)第八篇Look on The Bright Side 【看光明的一面】 (16)第九篇The First Bicycle【第一辆自行车】 (18)第十篇Working Mothers 【职业母亲】 (19)完形填空文章_综合类_A级 (21)第十一篇School Lunch【学校午餐】 (21)第十二篇 A Powerful Influence【强大的影响】 (23)第十三篇The Old Gate【古老之门】 (25)第十四篇Family History【家族史】 (27)第十五篇Helen and Martin【海伦和马丁】 (29)完形填空文章课后练习参考答案__综合类 (32)阅读下面的短文。
短文中有十五个空白，在文章的后面，每一个空白都列了四个备选答案。
请根据文章的内容选择合适的词或短语填在空白处。
完形填空文章_综合类_C级第一篇 A Life with Birds【有鸟陪伴的生活】For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's Yeoman Warders, ____1____ known to tourists as Beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the ___2_____ of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. “____3____ our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames. ”says David.The Tower of London is famous ___4____its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was ____5___ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no ____6____ in accepting it. “The birds have now become my life and I'm always ____7___ of the fact that I am ___8____ a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to ____9____ sure this doesn't happen!”David ____10____about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the ____11____ that he lives right next t o them is ideal. “I can ____12____ a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working.” ____13____, David's wife Mo was not ____14____ on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. “When we look out of our windows we see history ___15_____ around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories. ”文章翻译：有鸟陪伴的生活作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。
15年 职称英语考试 理工B 阅读理解 完形填空 8 9 10 英汉对译
完形填空8.9.10第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying濒临灭亡的VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly丑陋的and threaten ing危险, but the sudden突发的sharp急剧的__1decline下降__ in three species of India‟s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration庆祝, and it presents显示the world with a new kind of environmental __2problem。
The dramatic明显decline（引导1填写）in vulture numbers is causing widespread普遍的disruption to people living in the same areas as the __3birds__ . It is also causing serious严肃的public health problems __4_arcoss_ the Indian sub-continent.人们谈论的秃鹰可能看起来既丑又危险，但是印度三种秃鹰濒临灭亡对我们是一种警告，而不是一件值得庆贺的事。
它向世人明示了一个新的环境问题。
秃鹰数量的急剧减少不仅是这些鸟类的灾难对当地居民同样也是如此，它同时给整个印度次大陆带来了公共卫生问题。
While their reputation名誉and appearance外貌may be unpleasant to many Indians，vultures have__5longs played a very important role角色in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is__6because_they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred神圣的animals andare 7tradition lly传统（需要把选项单词全部明确意思）_ left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.虽然秃鹰的名声不好，许多印度人也讨厌其长相，但是长久以来，秃鹰在维护全印度的城镇和乡村的清洁方面扮演了非常重要的角色。
2015年职称英语理工B答案
It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having _____(52)thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not_____(53)to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers, brains_____(54)like big databases.First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take_____(55)the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is_____(56). According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a_____(57)database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the dataa_____(58)it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the_____(59)into new patterns.Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren'tgood, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could_____(60)more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own workto the database.A few years later, Cope's computer program, called "Emmy", was ready to help him with his opera. The_____(61)required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and usedthe_____(62)that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great_____(63)! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly_____(64)he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music, _____(65)she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!51. B.tell52. A.trouble53. D.easy54. D.work。
2015理工B完形填空
2015理工B 完形填空第六篇 Car Thieves Could Be Stopped RemotelySpeeding off 1 in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch 2. But he is in a nasty surprise 3. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine 1 , he will not be able to start it again. For now, such devices 2 only available for fleets of trucks 4 and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars 5, and 3 be available to ordinary cars in the UK 4 two months.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates 6 5 miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS 7 satellite positioning receiver. 6 the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle‟s engine management system and prevent the engine 7 restarted. There are even plans for immobilizers 8 shut down vehicles on the moves 8, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.In the UK, an array of 9 technical fixes 10is already making 9 harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicles crime has changed.” says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire 11 that is funded in part 10 the motor insurance industry. He says it would only take him a few minutes to 11 a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools 12. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition 13, as their engine management computer will not 12 them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out 14 by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this 13 achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime 15 since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner‟s keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 pe r cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken by using the owner‟s keys, which doubles the previous year‟s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would 14 a major new obstacle in the criminal‟s way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the __15__expects.1. A of B on C at D of2. A is B was C were D are3. A can B have to C need to D should4. A after B for C in D at5. A the B / C a D an6. A With B If C But D And7. A helping B being C get D be8. A whose B who C that D when9. A life B cars C warning D problem10. A about B to C by D on11. A use B inform C ask D teach12. A let B allow C make D give13. A have helped B helped C had helped D was helped14. A speak B have C link D put15. A lawyer B doctor C customer D specialist答案与题解：1. A 该段主要是说，如果车被盗，只要发出无线电信号，remote immobilizer就能使被盗车一旦停下就无法再启动。
15年 职称英语考试 理工B 概括大意与完成句子 5.7 英汉对译
概括大意与完成句子 5.7第五篇：LED Lighting发光二极管1An accidental意外的discovery announce d宣布recently has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggest ing显示it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative供选装的to the traditional传统light bulb灯泡. The breakthrough突破adds to增加a growing trend that is likely to eventually最终make Thomas Edison's bright invention1 obsolete.LEDs are already used in traffic lights, flashlights, and architectural lighting. They are flexible灵活and operate less expensively than traditional lighting.日前公布的一项意外发现将发光二极管的研究推向新的高潮。
这项研究显示，发光二极管与传统的电灯泡比起来，可能会更廉价、使用更持久。
这项重大突破使人们看到，未来的趋势很可能是，爱迪生的发明将逐渐失去它的价值。
目前发光二极管已被用于交通信号灯、手电筒和建筑照明，他们跟传统的电灯比起来更灵活，操作成本更低廉。
2Michael Bowers, a graduate student2 at Vanderbilt University, was just trying to make really small quantum dot s点（注释3可分析出）, which are crystals generally普通only a few nanometers微毫米big. Quantum dots contain anywhere from 100 to 1,000 electrons3. They're easily excite d激起bundles束of energy, and the smaller they are, the more excited they get. Each dot in Bowers' particular特别的batch was exceptionally特别的small, containing包含only 33 or 34 pairs of atoms.Vanderbilt大学的一名研究生 Michael Bowers正试图制造出一种非常小的量子点。
15年 职称英语考试 理工 B 完形填空 3.4.6.7 英汉对译
完形填空3.4.6*.7* 英汉15年第三篇 Giant Structures巨型建筑It is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modem world since every year more _1wonderful constructions建筑 appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our admiration赞赏 although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.挑选当今世界最神奇的奇观是一个不可能完成的任务。
原因是每年都有新的更令人叹为观止的建筑出现。
有这样三座巨大的建筑值得人们赞叹，尽管它们可能被某些最近建成的奇观所超越。
The Petronas Twin Towers 第一座：国油双峰塔。
The Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect 建筑师 Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of hi国油双峰塔在1999年建成时是世界上最高的建筑物，高452米，高高的双塔就像两支细铅笔，高耸于吉隆坡市。
2015年职称英语考试--完形填空(原文及译文)
完形填空第一篇 A Life with BirdsFor nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders(伦敦塔看守),_better（更…）known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the top（顶部）of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. " From （从）our bedroom we have a marvelous(a.奇妙的，不可思议的) view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.The Tower of London is famous for（以..而著名）its ravens(n.乌鸦，黑色的鸟), the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated(着迷，吸引) by the birds and when he was _ offered(提供)__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no _ hesitation（犹豫）_ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always _ aware（意识到）of the fact that I am _ maintaining （保持）_ a tradition. The legend(传奇，传说) says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to _ make（确保）sure this doesn't happen!"David devotes（献身于）about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _ fact（事实）that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can keep（关注）a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." At first（起初）, David's wife Mo was not _keen（对..感兴趣）on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history all（所有）around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."第二篇 A Lucky BreakActor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's doing(做) sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he plays（扮演一个…）the part of a middleweight(n.中量级拳击手) boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. During（过程中）the making of the film Harrelson kept（连续）complaining that the fight scenes（场面）weren't very convincing(a.有说服力的，令人信服的), so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't keen（对…热衷）on the idea at first, but he was eventually（最终）persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the boxing ring(拳赛场地). However, when he realized how seriously(认真地) his opponent（对手）was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas so （太…以至于..）hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious(a.暴怒的，强烈的) that he had been playing "silly macho(a.雄壮的，男子气概的) games". "She was right," confesses(v.承认，坦白) Banderas, "and I was a fool to take（冒险）a risk like that in the middle of a movie."He was reminded（提醒）of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always dreamed（梦想）of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. "That's when I decided to take up（开始）acting; I saw it as another（另外）way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football pitch（场）was, you might say, my first lucky break."第三篇Global Warming 全球变暖Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate(n.气候，风气). Many scientists put（把…归咎于）the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in（在）the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever(任何时候) before, the Earth is at risk(危险) from the forces(暴力) of the wind, rain and sun. According(据说) to them, global warming is making extreme(极端的) weather events, such(例如) as hurricanes(n.飓风，暴风) and droughts(n.干旱，早灾), even more severe(严重) and causing sea levels all around the world to rise(上升) .Environmental groups are putting pressure(压力) on governments to take action to reduce the amount(数量) of carbon dioxide(n.二氧化碳) which is given off(排放) by factories and power plants, thus attacking(攻击) the problem at its source. They are in favour(赞成) of more money being spent on research into solar(a.太阳的n.太阳能), wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power stations(装置) .Some scientists, however(然而) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere(n.大气) tomorrow, we would have to wait several(几) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay(停留).第四篇 A Success StoryAt 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have made(制造) their fortune(财富) through the Internet. What(这) makes Ben's story all the more remarkable(a.卓越的，值得注意的) is that he is dyslexic(a.诵读困难的n.诵读困难者), and was told(告知) by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write properly(正确地) . "I wanted to prove them wrong(错了) ", says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.When he was eight, his local authorities(n.权威，权力，当权) provided(提供) him with a PC to help with school work. Although he was unable(不能) to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and encouraged(鼓励) by his father, he soon began charging(收费) people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At the age of 15 he set(创建) up his own computer consultancy(n.咨询公司，顾问工作), Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to devote(精力) all his time to business."By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a couple(一些) of employees to help me", says Ben. "That enabled me to start doing(做) business with bigger companies.” It was his ability to consistently(始终如一的) overcome(克服) difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur(n.企业家，主办者) of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal worth(价值)$25 million with a private investment(n.投资，投入) company, which will finance(为…供给资金) his search engine.第五篇Traffic in Our CitiesThe volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy(a.漫长的，冗长的) delays, and the greater risk of（..的风险）accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade(说服) people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.One possible approach(方法) is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing(增加)charges for parking and bringing(收益) in tougher(严格的, 强硬的) fines for(因…而罚(款)) anyone who breaks(打破) the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, known(为所熟知) as "road pricing", is already being introduced in a number(一些) of cities, using a special electronic card fixed(固定在..上) to the windscreen(n.汽车挡风玻璃) of the car.Another way of dealing(处理) with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts(效区) of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the final(最后的)stage of their journey.Of course, the most important thing(..的事) is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up(放弃) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable(a.可靠的，可信赖的), convenient(方便的) and comfortable, with fares(票价) kept(保持) at an acceptable level.完形填空译文第一篇有鸟陪伴的生活作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一的David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。
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库克船长弓箭的传说 这本是个绝妙的传说，但DNA 测试最终结束了这个长达两个世纪之久的古老故事。
传说是关于一支据说是用1779年在桑伟奇群岛死去的英国探险家船长詹姆士库克的遗骨刻成的夏威夷弓箭。
在不久前DNA 证据宣布该弓箭并非来自于库克船长的遗骨时，奥大利亚博物馆收藏经理尤大书·菲利普说：“澳大利亚博物馆里并没有库克的遗骨。
”但这并不能停止博物馆在展览会上展出弓箭。
“考古发现：澳大利亚博物馆的宝藏”展览中的确还展示了一个在1778年夏威夷国王卡兰尼欧普送 给库克的一个羽毛斗篷。
库克是英国最伟大探险家之一，他在1770年发现了“南大陆”，也就是现在的澳大利亚。
此后在桑伟奇群岛被棒击致死。
库克弓箭传说始于1824年，当时夏威夷国王卡莫哈莫哈在弥留之际将弓箭赐给了库克妻子的亲戚，一名伦敦外科医生威廉正当斯，并告诉他弓箭是在那次致命殴打后用库克的遗骨做成的。
在19世纪90年代，弓箭被交给澳大理亚博物馆。
这个传说直到与科学直接接触才停止。
据菲利普说，澳大利亚和新西兰的试验室的DNA 测试证实弓箭并非取材于库克的遗骨，而更可能来自动物的骨头。
但是，库克迷们却不肯放弃希望。
他们期待库克传说之一将会被证明是正确，并且他人部分遗骨还会被发现。
正如他们所说，有证据表明库克的遗骨并不是在1779年全都葬身大海了。
库克船长协会的会长克利夫托马森在一个来自英国的声明中说：“在这个问题上，科技取得了胜利。
我坚信某一天库克传说之一将会被证明是真的。
雪崩和安全问题 雪崩是雪掺杂着空气和水沿着山体突然迅猛地滑动造成的。
雪崩是造成山区人们生命和财产安全的最大危险之一。
所有雪崩都是由于物质的过渡负荷造成，通常是积雪堆积过厚，很不稳固，超出了山坡面的承载能力。
要确定山坡的临界承载量，可能造成突然雪崩的负荷量是一项很复杂的任务，需要衡量多个因素。
通常倾斜度小于25度，大于60度的山坡发生雪崩的危险要小一些。
积雪不会在陡峭的山坡上大量堆积，同样也不会在平缓的山坡上快速滑动。
当雪在静止状态下的角度在35_45度之间，最可能发生人为触发的雪崩。
人为引发雪崩的临界角度是38度，是最易人为引发雪崩的角度。
常规经验是：一个平缓的足以堆积积雪，同时陡峭的适合人们滑雪的山坡，无论角度如何，都有可能产生雪崩。
此外，雪崩的危险随着使用的增加而增加，换言之，滑雪者活动得越频繁，雪崩的可能性越大。
由于雪崩研究的复杂性，冬天在人烟稀少的地区旅行从来不是百分之百的安全。
很好地躲避雪崩，保持安全是一个连续的过程，包括选择路线、检查积雪、了解天气状况及其他人为因素。
以下几个广为人知的好习惯也可以降低风险：如果当地权威部门发布了雪崩警报，你应当予以考虑，加以注意。
绝不要不加审度，就立刻接受他人意见。
积雪自形成的那时就几乎注定要发生变化。
认真观察地形，注意明显的雪崩路径：没有植物或植物被毁坏的地方。
不要在那些可能引发雪崩的人或事物下面行走。
巨型建筑 挑选当今世界最神奇的奇观是一个不可能完成的任务。
原因是每年都有新的更令人叹为观止的建筑出现。
有这样三座巨大的建筑值得人们赞叹，尽管它们可能被某些最近建成的奇观所超越。
第一座：国油双峰塔。
国油双峰塔在1999年建成时是世界上最高的建筑物，高452米，高高的双塔就像两支细铅笔，高耸于吉隆坡市。
在41层，两个塔由一座桥连接，象征着通向城市的大门。
该建筑的设计者是美国建筑师Cesar Pelli 。
该建筑由高强度混凝土建成，每一层都有大约1800平方米的办公区域；在底部还有一个购物中心和一个音乐厅。
该建筑的其他特色是双层电梯以及建材为玻璃和钢的遮阻阳篷。
第二座：米约高架桥。
米约高架桥位于法国南部的Tarn 山谷，2004年建成通车。
它是当时世界上最高的大桥，最高点超过340米。
该桥被人们描写为“世界上最神奇最美丽的大桥之一”。
它是为舒缓米约的交通拥挤所建。
当时的拥挤是由从巴黎到西班牙的巴塞罗那的过往车辆太多所致。
该桥可以承受强震和极端气候。
另外，它可以使用120年! 第三座：伊泰普水电站。
伊泰普水电站是同类建筑中最大的一个。
它由横跨巴拉那河的一组大坝组成，成为巴西和巴拉圭的自然边境。
该建筑作为两个国家的共同开发项目，1975年动工修建，历时16年完工。
该大坝因它的发电量和规模之大而闻名。
1995年，它为巴拉圭和巴西分别提供了78%和25%的能源需求。
该建筑使用的钢铁量是埃菲尔铁塔的300倍还多。
该建筑令人叹为观止，名不虚传。
动物的“第六感” 2004年12月由印度洋海域地震引发的海啸造成亚洲和东非十几万人死亡。
但野生动 物们似乎躲过了可怕的海啸的袭击。
有专家表示，这进一步证实了动物对自然灾难有“第 六感”的观点。
斯里兰卡负责野生动物的官员表示，巨浪席卷印度洋海岛沿岸，淹死了两万四千多人， 但野生动物似乎都幸免于难，目前尚未发现一具动物的尸体。
斯里兰卡野生动物部门的副部长H ·D ，拉特纳亚克在海啸袭击过后一个月说道：“没有一头大象死亡，甚至没有一只野兔死亡。
我认为动物能够感知灾难。
它们有 ‘第六感’，它们知道灾难何时发生。
”海洪冲向离岸二英里远的亚拉国家公园，这里是斯里兰卡最大的野生动物保护区，生活着几百头野生大象和一些美洲豹，海啸引发的洪水使亚拉国家公园所 在的东南部地区变得一片狼藉。
“每当火山爆发或地震发生前，动物们的行为就会发生许多异常，比如犬吠或鸟类迁 徙，但这些现象尚未得到科学证明。
”南非约翰内斯堡动物园的动物行为专家马修·范·利 罗普说。
他对路透社记者说：“目前还没有这方面的专门研究，因为你无法在实验室或实际环境 中进行真正的试验。
”其他专家也同意这一看法。
野生动物似乎能够感知某些特殊现象，尤其是鸟类。
很多报告显示鸟类能察觉即将来临的灾难。
克莱夫·沃克这样说，他曾经写过数本关于非洲野生动物的书。
一些动物确实是依靠嗅觉或听觉等人类已知的官能来躲避危险的，比如食肉动物。
关于动物“第六感”(或者其他神秘力量)的说法已有很长时间，斯里兰卡被摧残的海滩可能会为这一说法再添一笔证据。
罗马人把猫头鹰视为迫近凶险的征兆，很多古代文明都将大象看做拥有特殊能力或象征的“圣兽”。
警报器救盲人 如果看不见，那你可能会因找不到路而逃不出一幢失火楼房，那将是致命的。
英国利兹市的一家公司发明的一种可指方向的警报器可能会把你引向出口。
声音警报是一家由利兹大学设立的公司。
该公司现在正在为位于萨莫塞特的一家盲人收容所和位于卡姆布雷亚的一家盲人资源中心安装此种装置。
这种警报器发出的频率范围广，使人脑可以判断出声音的来源。
该公司的戴博拉·威星顿称此种警报器使用人类可以听到的大部分音频。
她说：“它们是一种突出的频谱连续而均匀的噪音。
人们感觉它们听上去就像是收音机发出的静电噪声，其在救人方面潜力巨大。
” 她进行了一次试验。
她让人们在一所充满浓烟的大屋子里设法找到出路，同时她用热效应成像摄像机进行拍摄。
在没有警报器时，这些人用了近四分钟才找到门，而在警报器的指引下，只用了15秒。
她在大学里对人脑如何处理声音进行研究，并提出与波段窄的频率相比，人们更容易发现波段宽的音响源。
基于此理论的警报器已被应用于急救车上。
这种警报器也容纳了音频的升降，以指示人们上、下楼。
这种设备是得到英国核燃料组织的大笔资助才开发成功的。
远程制止偷车贼 超速驾驶在偷来的汽车里，偷车贼以为自己大获全胜。
但是他马上就会又惊又恼。
车上已经被装了远程制动装置，一个几英里以外的控制中心发来的无线信号将确保盗贼一旦启动引擎，他就不能再次发动汽车了。
目前，这种装置只用于卡车队或者用于建筑工地的特殊车辆上。
但是远程制动技术很快就会逐步应用到普通汽车上。
并且应该在两个月之内用在英国的普通汽车上。
计划是这样的。
把一个集合有微型无绳电话，微量处理器，存储器以及全球定位系统的卫星接收器的控制合子安装在汽车上。
如果汽车被盗，一个被编码的无绳电话信号就会告诉这个装置停止车辆引擎控制系统来阻止引擎再次被启动。
甚至还有一些人主张计划将制动装置装在运行着的车辆上，可是这一来人们就会担心这个系统的安全性。
在英国，一系列的技术装置已经让盗车贼步履维艰了。
玛丁兰多来自位于贝克郡的一个由汽车保险工业投资成立的名为撒策姆的安全研究机构。
他说：“车辆盗窃的手法已经有所改变。
”他还声称只要是10年以上的汽车，他就能用几样的简单的工具有几分钟之内教会一个新手怎样的偷车。
现代车却远没有这么简单，因为它们的引擎管理计算机装置只有接收到一个独一无二的由点火钥匙发送过来的身份密份才可以启动汽车。
自1997年以来，在英国，技术人员已经利用此项技术帮助减少了31%的涉及车辆犯罪案。
但是不死心的盗贼们却还在一直想方设法偷车。
例如很多时候，他们在夜里盗走主人的汽车钥匙进而偷车。
在2000年，英国21%的车辆被盗案是由于主人的钥匙被盗，这个数字比前一年增长了1倍。
远程控制的制动系统给盗贼设置了一个全新的障碍。
包括撒策姆，公安部门，保险公司以及安全技术公司的这样一个群体已经为体系开发出了一个标准，将比顾客所预期的更早地被很快推广到市场上。
智能汽车开车需要目光锐利，耳朵灵敏，反应敏捷和手脑间的协作。
许多人类司机这些条件都具备，并可控制一辆急速行驶的汽车。
但一辆智能车如何进行自控?智能车中有一位虚拟驾驶员。
这位司机同样有“眼”有“脑”有“手”有“脚”。
车两侧的微型摄像头就是他的眼，负责观察车前方的路况。
他们注意着车两侧的交通情况。
车中也有高度自动化的驾驶系统。
这就是内置的电脑，也就是虚拟司机的大脑。
这个大脑计算出车近旁正在运动车辆的速度，并分析它们的位置。
基于这些信息，它为智能车选择最佳路径，并给出指示以让手脚做出相应运动。
通过这样的方式，虚拟司机就对车辆实行了控制。
虚拟司机的最大优点是什么?他的反应速度很快。
微型摄像头不断向大脑发送图像数据。
他完成图像处理的时间为100毫秒。
然而，世界上最优秀的人类司机也至少需要1 秒钟的反应时间。
当他作出行动时，又多需一秒。
虚拟司机的确很棒。
在高速公路上，他可大大减少事故发生率。
鉴于此，我们是否可以让他在任何时间任何地点都驾驶汽车呢?专家们警告说我们现在还不能这样做。
智能 车辨别事物的能力还很有限。
目前，这种车只能在高速公路上行驶。
印度为什么需要濒临灭亡的秃鹰人们谈论的秃鹰可能看起来既丑又危险，但是印度三种秃鹰濒临灭亡对我们是一种警告，而不是一件值得庆贺的事。
它向世人明示了一个新的环境问题。
秃鹰数量的急剧减少不仅是这些鸟类的灾难，对当地居民同样也是如此，它同时给整个印度次大陆带来了公共卫生问题。
虽然秃鹰的名声不好，许多印度人也讨厌其长相，但是长久以来，秃鹰在维护全印度的城镇和乡村的清洁方面扮演了非常重要的角色。