第四页 Analysis of Shakespeare
Shakespeare莎士比亚欣赏
Shakespeare's tragedy creationAbstract:Shakespeare is the most outstanding British Renaissance dramatist, his tragedy is more widespread, tragedy often embodies the author more profound understanding of reality. Shakespeare had left many immortal masterpiece, of which Hamlet, Othello, king Lear, and Macbeth are recognized as "the four major tragedy", this is the center of the Shakespeare tragedy works so that the turning point of all Shakespeare, Shakespeare's thoughts. Shakespeare’s tragedy also has profound ideological characteristics, based on his works, for example, try thought characteristics of works is analyzed.Key words: Shakespeare tragedy characteristicWilliam Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564, in the Stella Avon, Warwick. His father, the son of John Shakespeare, small farmer, who live in Stella and did some business. SHakespeare was taken to a local grammar school at the age of 7.In addition to reading and writing, and he taught Latin and Greek.In 1577, he left the school, because of the poor families. But in the early years, Shakespeare became familiar with the stage performance. Shakespeare in 1582, in the age of 18 years old, married to a farmer's daughter Anne Hathaway who is 8 years. In the next few years, they have three daughters and a son. Shakespeare arrived in London in 1586 or 1587.At that time, Britain has entered a rapid development under the short Elizabethan drama quickly popular in the masses of the people. In the year 1580, Shakespeare known as an actor and playwright, he is one of the leading companies Shakespeare’s activity as a dramatist, poet, actor, until 1612, he dropped out of the stage, back to Stratford. Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616.We can not deny the fact that Shakespeare's accumulated experience, has played an important role, his creative life.Bay social background .Only a four great tragedies of Shakespeare's mature performance in written and Elizabeth's reign, but it is in the life of Elizabeth British Shakespeare spend DiYiSanShiJiuNian, this is in the society, he learned that his ship as a writer. In the meantime, there is no stable Elizabeth succeeded to the throne, in the political and economic chaos. English reform, force the country into a relatively isolated position in Europe and the domestic religious unrest has caused to the stability of the country. she dead in 1603, when the image is very different. Many ways, perhaps most three-quarters, Elizabeth in her old age is a very unpopular ruler.James, it is to stay, not direct descendants of Elizabeth, but he is her legal and inevitable successor, the process of legalization, is actually a magic.Almost sacred sun, symbolizing rebirth multi-purpose Christian writer; the overlapping image of Christ rising serious irresistible. James is hymned as god approved heir, unique natural and inheritance Elizabeth. Speech, image, and even rhythm, all suggest that the smooth transition of power Elizabeth James in English. However, Shakespeare and Fletcher's praise, with a smooth transition to the Tudor Stuart is a kind of truth. The other three tragic Shakespeare's writing during this period.From his works, we can see the shadow of the society. Only in this environment can write these great Shakespeare, especially the four great tragedies? In addition, we can say that time create heroes.The genius of Shakespeare showed his writing skills absolutely disposal depicted in the host country. However, we cannot ignore the Shakespeare disposal of weakness in the dangerous environment. Because he knew that the disposal of weak peace life only minor defects, but the evil environment, disposal of weaknesses into a deadly weapon.Hamlet's character flaws, because he can't put his ideas into action. Hero Othello is a brave hero. But he believes other people too much. He lost his own view. King Lear from the figures, we can see a reflectionof the depth and breadth of work life. His biggest weakness is that he can't distinguish between the good and wrong. This comes from his environment. Macbeth’s tragedy from his ambitions to adhere to. It reflects the contribution of bad too much and insists on deep ambition for the people.In the true sense of tragedy is to let people face the suffering of life. This cannot but make people feel pessimistic; On the other hand, tragedy leads people to know the truth of life. Therefore, when some important cases, people can deal with more serious, people can bear the burden of life more easily. People can learn more about the tragedy of the goodIt is no wonder that Shakespeare's works are so deeply cherish the great minds of human beings, which Marx, who as Shakespeare as a "two greatest dramatic geniuses the world known", another is Aeschylus. The most profound theory in the classical is about the essence of man, and put forward only in Shakespeare's four great tragedies, tragedy happened in some properties caused by the different life flows without treatment, accumulation, and ultimately lead to a terrible end.Although in Shakespeare every tragedy eventually will all evil requited with evil, but all of the hero's weakness is completely unable to resist the evil. The tragedy of each effect is inevitable. After reading these, we feel only sorrow? That’s not true. When a person is to consider problem, live or die, now it is time to let him awake. When one's idealized knowledge, life is real pieces before he began to understand the suffering of life, the nonsense and tragedy of life. Then he began to face your own future. This is a serious problem, and an inevitable problem for everyone and everyone are on the increase. I think maybe this is based on Shakespeare's tragedy in the true sense of the world's four great tragedies. Shakespeare's works highlight concentration showed a characteristic of an era, reflecting the collapse of the feudal society and capitalist production also reveals the historical turning period of human's life and struggle. Shakespeare’s tragedy brings us; it is the wisdom of our life. Especially his tragedy, the tragedy from the world of god came to earth, directly reflects the society, life, and the relationship between people, people, the fate of the struggle...Shakespeare's tragedy has its unique characteristics.First, distinct humanistic color, Shakespeare's tragedy of social content and philosophy is quite rich. It by the exquisite art form, the great ideological content show the protagonist humanism ideal disillusionment, reflects the author exploration to the life value and significance.Four great tragedies Hamlet, Othello, king Lear, and Macbeth and tragedy author mark Timor of Athens to age, the deep thinking of life, focus on shaping the new age of such tragic hero: they awoke the durance of the middle ages and ignorance, in modern light at dawn, ambitious to develop and perfect themselves, but could not overcome the limitations of time and its own again, finally in the struggle against the hostile forces of environment and inner strength disparity, was inevitable failure and sacrifice. Hamlet for vengeance father found that "the whole time off tendon", decided to take the responsibility of the "reforming the tide", the result is just flew high and powerless. Othello honest, trust people and detest evil, oneself, under the mercy or bad shot his wife in the pursuit of the supreme good to beauty against evil. King Lear in power brought him honor and pride, confidence lost nature, irrational, fantasy to the improper to prove himself the king power points countries do an ordinary person, can also be the same or greater, and therefore suffer some hardships. Mike Bay Ben is active hero, with one side of good and beauty in character, just because the temptation of the throne and driven by ambition, become a "from the blood to the blood," remorse common sinners. The tragedy of the characters profoundly reveals the social capital primitive accumulation period has started to appear to be an evil and bourgeois egoism, shows the humanist's irreconcilable contradiction between the ideal and reality, the generalization of highly significance.Second, the characteristics of Shakespeare's tragedy hero characters:Shakespeare's tragedy is the end result, with the hero's death, more and more with the hero's death. Juliet and Romeo, king Lear and Cody, Emilia, Macbeth, Othello and Desdemona, Timor, Hamlet, without exception.During the Renaissance, the humanist thought, like Sally soil boyar tragedy is a tragedy, must be the hero of the disastrous outcomes and end, and death is a person's greatest disaster, so the tragedy must be ended in the death of hero.In Shakespeare's tragedy, the protagonist, though dead, it hurts, but the fight for the tragic protagonist ideal victory, make a person feel very bright future. The death of the tragic hero, give a person with BeiZhuangGan, rather than just sad, and certainly not pessimistic. For example, in a drama in "Hamlet", the protagonist Hamlet died, Norway, Wang Zifu blas led army to announced the Danish normality; In king Lear, Lear died, loyal to his courtiers Mr. Benny duke, earl of Kent and Ed of concerted action, reforming countries; In "Othello", too good, the schemer imago. Deception and provoke Othello, wrong killed his own wife met their horrible error made by the, in order to punish oneself, killed himself with a sword, and his lieutenant cassia immediately took over military and political affairs, and arrested villain imago, harsh sentences to make soon. In short, make the person see despite the tragedy of the hero paid a heavy price, at the expense of his own life, is a bright future, give a person with comfort and encouragement.The tragedy of the hero is usually nobles, élites. This is due to Shakespeare and Renaissance humanists class and time limitations, but also due to the effect of the ancient Greek and Roman tragedy caused by. And the influence of traditional ideas from three major ancient Greek tragedy, famous master of literature and art theory after Greece Aristotle summarized theoretically, all the way to the Roman tragedy, people never think that only fall on imperial and noble men and women of the disaster to write a tragedy, the disaster of the working people can't become the theme of tragedy. The class bias and time limits, make Shakespeare's tragic hero noting have is not the king, queen, or some other aristocratic men and women.The combination of contingency and necessity, the tragedy character's actions from their own will and the heart, the tragedy character to unfortunate ending, objective reasons, cannot be totally blamed for which should be most responsible for myself. In addition to "Romeo and Juliet", and his famous four great tragedies were led to the tragedy of them to the end of a person's character.Macbeth did not commit the crime of regicide, for example, the murder of a wise monarch, not due to Lady Macbeth's urging, nor because he met three witches in the wilderness, did witch predict that he would become king of Scotland, but by his own personal ambitions. The Athenians Timor so rich, then poor have no food without clothing, mainly responsible is not others, but he himself, because he was too generous hospitality, profligate, don't know if he is a how dangerous in some.Third, attention of Shakespeare's tragedy is the character's dialogue and narrator, stage tip is coarser, Jane conflict scenes grand.Shakespeare's language is much more beautiful. The line has a lot of metaphor and symbol, USES the many kinds of rhetorical devices to construct language, vocabulary is rich, sentence variety, and given priority to with long sentences, the subtext is various. Author brought beautiful euphemistic language galloping imagination, in the boundless aftertaste letting a person at the same time, also caused the difficult situation, so that the drama is not easy to spread between people.Shakespeare's tragedies of fight scenes usually both sides to participate in large number, conflicts between complex and intricate plot, dramatic scenes, such as the four major tragedy "Hamlet", the final battle is a grand sight, people on both sides of the contradiction is complicated.Fourth, have to mention is the tragedy of his works were named after the hero, this also is one of thecharacteristics of his tragedy works, such as the four major tragedy "Hamlet", "Othello", "king Lear, and Macbeth and tragedy" Timor of Athens ", "Romeo and Juliet", this is the traditional inherited from the ancient Greek tragedy, but the tragedy of characters is much larger than the ancient Greek tragedy, it is no wonder that Dumas said that Shakespeare's tragedy character created second only to god. Shakespeare is not only belonging to an era, but belongs to all of the century. As a shining pearl literary history, his immortal works and thoughts, leaving us today is worth to think, to reflect on.[1] Booth, Stephen. 'King Lear', 'Macbeth', Indefinition and Tragedy[M]. New Haven: University of New Haven Press, 1983.[3] Hunter. Shakespeare and the Traditions of Tragedy[A]. In Wells, The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare Studies[C]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.[4] Moulton. Shakespeare as a Dramatic Artist[M]. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985[5] Stanley Wells, Shakespeare Studies[M],shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Education Press，2000.[6]W. Shakespeare, Hamlet[M],London Foreign Languages Press,1999.[7]W. Shakespeare, King Lear[M], ,London Foreign Languages Press,1999.[8]W. Shakespeare, Macbeth[M], ,London Foreign Languages Press,1999.[9]W. Shakespeare, Othello[M], ,London: Foreign Languages Press,1999.。
A brief Analysis of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 73
A brief Analysis of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 73Shakespeare is really a great master who can use unique images to express his idea or thought.And he is hardly surpassed.In the three-quatrain and one-couplet sonnet，William Shakespeare develops a kind of depressed imagery to create a situation of forthcoming death.Some very vivid and amazing images are used in each of the first three quatrains.In this sonnet，we can see that the speaker’s death is coming soon and he tells the listener to cherish their mutual love.When I first look into this sonnet，I was astonished by its wonderful images.In the first quatrain，we can perceive a cold and isolated picture；especially the 2-4 lines can express such feeling to readers.In the second line，only from “yellow leaves”can we feel the bleakness，but that is not enough to the poet，he uses continuously three commas and three monosyllables to express the scarcity of leaves，and we as if can see those leaves “hang upon those boughs”（line 2-3）in little groups.In the third line，the use of “shake”（line 3）is very ingenious.The poet personifies those leaves and we as if can see that they are holding themselves strongly in the cold winter wind.Thoseleaves seem to be endowed a kind of extra vitality.Furthermore，if we perceive this quatrain as a whole，we can find that there is a contrast of time.Before，there are “sweet birds sang”（line 4），but now，there are just the dying-out boughs and the hanging yellow leaves.A sense of sight is used well in this quatrain to express the almost end of life.Then the sense of sight continues in the second quatrain.Some words and phrases can catch readers’eyes very quickly，such as “twilight，sunset，black night and death’second self”（line 4-7）.All these words remind us of the end of things.The poet uses such images to express the forthcoming death and we can also feel such sad emotion.This kind of image makes us suffocating.However，it seems that the poet does not notice such effect.He continues his depressive image in the third quatrain.There lies a fire on the ashes of his youth doth.Can you imagine that image？A fire is going to quench but the small flame still struggles to exist strongly.This struggle reminds us of a dying person.The fire is just like the light in his eyes.He is dying，but he still tries his best to stay in the secular world.But gradually and finally，light in his eyes will disappear.In the couplet，Shakespeare finally puts forward the theme of this sonnet.In this sonnet，the speaker says that if the listenercan perceive the above three images in his daily life，he will love things that are going to disappear in near future more than he did in the past.The speaker is asking the listener to cherish their mutual and short-time love.In short，the theme is that the lover’s knowledge that they must die makes their love stronger. As a whole，William Shakespeare establishes a great impact to readers in aspect of sight and feeling by using those three wonderful images.From the structural perspective，Shakespeare uses a rhetorical device--parallelism.He continuously uses three “in me”（line 1，5，9）in the first line of each quatrain to connect the three images and enforce the power of these images.Of course，even if we do not consider the parallelism，we can find out the similarity of the three images that is the end of things.I wonder that which images used in the poem are better？Image in the latter poem is very similar with that in the first quatrain of sonnet 73.In my first impression，Cummings’s poem is so ingenious and wonderful because we can almost catch theme from the perspective of form and the simple image.But later，I find out that，unlike Shakespeare，his poem just provides readers a short-term shock because the image is so direct and obvious.But，Shakespeare’s image gives readers more space toimagine and to construct the image in mind.So Shakespeare is really a great master.Reference：[1]Aristotle.On Rhetoric.Trans.George A.Kennedy.New York：Oxford University Press，2007.[2]Brooks，Cleanth，and Robert Penn Warren.Modern Rhetoric.New York：Harcourt，Brace and Company，INC，1949.[3]Kirszner & Mandell.Literature：Reading，Reacting and Writing.Beijing：Beijing University Press，2006.[4]Richards，Ivor Armstrong.The Philosophy of Rhetoric.New York：Oxford University Press，1965.[5]李明强译注.莎士比亚十四行诗.昆明：云南大学出版社，2008.作者简介：穆艳芳（1989- ），女，汉，云南大理人，12级研究生在读，云南大学外国语学院，研究方向：英美文学。
关于莎士比亚作品常识的所有题型汇总及答案
单选1. The most important and popular comedy written by Shakespeare is ___.A. Romeo and JulietB. Twelfth NightC. The Merchant of VeniceD. As You Like It2. Which writing is a typical example of Shakespeare's pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years?A. TempestB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello3. Which one IS NOT one of Shakespeare's four tragedies?A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Othello4. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare's most popular play on the stage.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. HamletC. King LearD. Julius Caesar5. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ____ plays.A. 47B. 27C. 52D. 376. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditated on man’s salvation7. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?A. She Stoops to ConquerB. The RivalsC. The School for ScandalD. The Conscious Lovers8.The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________ .ediesB.tragediesC.sonnetsD.histories9. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare's Sonnet 18?A.The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B.The speaker satirizes human vanity.C.The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D.The speaker meditates on man's salvation.10.―Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia:Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism11.In Shakespeare‘s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost12.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except ______.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream13. ―To be, or not to be — that is the question；／whether‘ tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, ／And by opposing end them?‖ The quoted lines are taken from ______.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD. Hamlet14. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances,______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece15. In ______,Shakespeare has not only made a profound analysis of the social crisis in which the evils can be seen everywhere,but also criticized the bourgeois egoism.A.HamletB.OthelloC.King LearD.Macbeth16. Many peop le today tend to regard the play “ The Merchant of Venice ” as a satire of the hypocrisy of _________ and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _________ .A. Christians / JewsB. Jews / ChristianC. oppressors / oppressedD. people / Jews17_____is not written by William Shakespeare.A.Henry VB. The TempestC. As You Like ItD. Paradise Lost18.In “Sonnet 18”, Shakespeare_________________.A.Meditate on the destructive power of time and eternal beauty by poetry.B.Satirize human’s vanity.C.Predict the eternity of love.D.Eulogize the power of the beauty.19.Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.A.HamletB.King LearC.Romeo and JulietD.Othello20.The Renaissance refers to between 14th----mid-17th century, which was under the reign of Queen___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the ’real mainstream (真正的文学主流)’ was ____.A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/ dramaC.Mary/ novelD.James/ drama21. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.A.The Merchant of VeniceB.HamletC.King LearD.The Winter’s Tale22.“And we will make thee beds of roses / And a thousand fragrant posies/ A cap of flowers, and a kirtle/ Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle.” The above lines are probably taken from______.A.Spenser’s The Faerie QueeneB.John Donne’s The Sun RisingC.Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18D.Marlow’s The Passionate Shepherd to His Love23.The rhyme scheme of The Passionate Shepherd to His Love is______ .A.aabbB.ababC.abccD.abacually there are __ groups of characters in Shakespeare’s comedies.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 525.Shakespeare produced __comedies in all.A. 14B. 15C. 16D. 1726.The story of The Merchant of Venice is of ___origin.A. ItalianB. FrenchC. GermanD. English27.The story of Hamlet comes from a ____ legend.A. FrenchB. ItalianC. DanishD. Chinese28.Of all Shakespeare’s tragedies, ____ is the mos t complex in plot and also the most painful.A. HamletB. King LearC. OthelloD. Macbeth29. The hero Macbeth is a famous general of ____.A. RussiaB. IndiaC. EnglandD. Scotland30.Shakespeare’s historical plays are ____plays.A. PoliticalB. CulturalC. SportD. Love31.Shakespeare’s historical plays reflect the historical events of ____ centuries from RichardⅡto Henry Ⅷ.A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four32.In Shakespeare’s historical plays the ideal king is ___, though his real prototype differs little from the others kings.A. HenryⅤB. HenryⅣC. HenryⅧD. Richard33.Shakespeare wrote _B__ historical plays in all.A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 1334. HenryⅣ and HenryⅤ deal with the events of the ___ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th35.The play HenryⅣcontains ___ parts.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five36.The first __ sonnets are addressed mainly to a young man of great beauty and promise.A. 124B. 125C. 126D. 12737. Each of Shakespeare’s plays consists of ___ parts.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 638.“ Neither a borrower nor a lender be; for loan oft loses both itself and fr iend” is from ____.A. King LearB. HamletC. Venus and AdonisD. The Two Noble Kinsmen39.Shakespeare belonged to the ___ period.A. RevolutionB. RestorationC. RenaissanceD. Romantic40. In the year of __, Shakespeare retired from the stage and return to his hometown.A. 1609B. 1612C. 1615D. 161841.___ embraces almost all of the important characteristics of a comedies.A. As You Like ItB. The Merchant of VeniceC. The Twelfth NightD. The Winter’s Tale42.___ and ___ ar e mainly relied on Holinshed’s Chronicles.A. King Lear and MacbethB. King Lear and As You Like ItC. As You Like It and The Winter’s TaleD. The Twelfth Night and As You Like It43.Each character in Shakespeare’s works is a representative of a gr oup of men, for example, Hamlet represents the ___.A. UsurersB. HumanistsC. ChivalryD. Governors44. The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____A HamletB The Twelfth NightC The Merchat of VeniceD The Merchant of Venice45.Which of the following plays written by Shakespeare is history play ?A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merry Wives of WindsorC. Henry IVD. King Lear46.William Shakespeare is one of the giants of________ .A. RomanticismB. Critical RealismC. AestheticismD. the Renaissance47.___ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B “To be or not to be: that is the question”C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”48. The vivid portrayal of ____ by Shakespeare in Henry IV has earn for him an enviable place in the history of English literature.A Julius CaesarB FalstaffC HamletD King Henry49.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ______.A. Antony and CleopatraB. Julius CaesarC Twelfth NightD King Lear50. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s ro mantic love comedies?A Twelfth NightB The TempestC As You Like ItD The Merchant of Venice51.What is the relationship between Claudius and Hamlet ?A. CousinsB. Uncle and nephew .C. Father-in-law and son-in-law .D. Father and son .52.Which of the following plays does not belong to Shakespeare's great tragedies ?A. Romeo and JulietB. King LearC. HamletD. Macbeth53.In Hamlet's soliloquy , when he says , " To sleep , perchance to dream : --ay, there's the rub . " What is the primarily thinking about ?A . The bad dreams that have recently been troubling him .B. The fact that if dying is like going to sleep , then perhaps after death we have bad dreams .C. The sinful behavior of Gertrude , whose guilty dreams he would like to know .D. His desire to sleep so that he will not have to take vengeful action .54.In " Not on thy sole , but on thy soul , harsh Jew , / Thou mak'st thy knife keen " , Gratiano ( a character in The Merchant of Venice ) uses a rhetorical device called____.A. hyperboleB. homonymC. paradoxD. pun55.Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is NOT a comedy ?A. The Merchant of VeniceB.A Midsummer Night's DreamC .As you like ItD. Romeo and Juliet56." In a dream vision , Arthur witnessed the loveliness of Gloriana , and upon awakening resolves to seek her." The two literary figures "Arthur " and " Gloriana " are from _____ .A. The Fairie QueeneB. Romeo and JulietC. Dr. FaustusD. Paradise Lost57. In " Sonnet 18 " , Shakespeare has a profound meditation on the destructive power of _________ and the eternal __________ brought forth by poetry to the one he loves .A. death/ lifeB. death/ loveC. time / beautyD. hate / love58. Which one is Shakespeare's longest play?A HamletB Henry VIIIC Romeo and JulietD The Merchant of Venice59. So long as men can breath , or eyes can see ,/So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee (Shakespeare,Sonnets18) What does ”this” refer to?A . LoverB . Time C. Summer D . Poetry60. The character of the Merry Wives of Windsor is ____.A . Miranda B. Mistress Ford C. Ariel61. In King Lear，Shakespeare also described a family where members had no contact besides naked money, who was the unfilial son in this family?A .Edgar B. Edmund C .The Duke of Cornwall62. Shakespeare is the representative of period.A EnlightenmentB ClassicC Renaissance63. Which is not a tragedy in the following?A HamletB Romeo and JulietC King Lear64. Which is a work written in Shakespeare’s old time.A As You Like ItB Twelfth NightC The Tempest65. Which i s not the character in Shakespeare’s comedy.A ShylockB HermiaC Othello66. has ever translated Shakespeare’s works.A Fu LeiB Zhu ShenghaoC Yang Xianyi67. Who is not the contemporary writer with Shakespeare.A MarloweB BaconC Chaucer68. Which is the name of Shakespeare’s wife.A Anne BoleynB Anne HathawayC Anne Sullivan69. Which form is not always used by Shakespeare.A Free VerseB Blank verseC Sonnet70. is the most famous sonnet of Shakespeare.A Sonnet 15B Sonnet 17C Sonnet 1871. Which play is originated from Chronicles of Scotland.A MacbethB King LearC Hamlet72. Which is the lover of Portia in The Merchant of Venice.A BassanioB AntonioC Shylock73. Portia disguises a to save Antonio in The Merchant of Venice.A JudgeB LawyerC Policewoman74. What’s the relationship between Hamlet and Claudius.A FriendB EnemyC Strange75 is the most notable characteristics of Hamlet.A HumbleB HasteC Hesitate76. Hamlet is about the history ofA NorwayB EnglandC Denmark判断题True or False1. The traditional theme of The Merchant of Venice is to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiatable greed and brutality of the Jew.2. It is reg arded now as a satire of the Christians’ hypocrisy and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against Irish.3. Each hero has his weakness of nature: Macbeth, the melancholic scholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind; the old King Lear’s inner weakness is taken advantage of by the outside evil force; Othello, unwilling to totally give up his power, makes himself suffer fromtreachery and infidelity, and Hamlet’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to crimes.4. The Shakespearean or English sonnet rhymed abab cdcd efef gg.5. A Shakespearean, or English sonnet consists of 14 lines, each line contains ten syllables, and each line is written in heroic couplet in which a pattern of a non-emphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five times.6. For such a figure as Hamlet, soliloquy is a natural medium, a necessary release of his anguish; and some of his questioning monologues possess surpassing power and insight, which have survived centuries of being torn from their context.7. Shakespeare was one of the founders of realism in world literature as well as in English literature.8. In Hamlet, Claudius is the current King of Denmark, Hamlet’s uncle, who succeeded to the throne upon the death of his brother.9. Not all of Shakespeare’s histories are political plays.10. Contrast is an important structural principle in Hamlet.11. William Shakespeare was a great humanist, writing two narrative poems and 221 sonnets.16.S hakespeare has never written sonnets.17.The Renaissance in England Focused on poetry and play.18.The language in Shakespeare’s time was different from thatnowadays.19.Shakespeare just creates comedy and tragedy.20.I n Shakespeare’s time, England was mainly controlled by Tudor dynasty.21.Shakespeare is regarded as the father of poetry in England.22.In King Lear, Shakespeare shows that tyrants must be defeated.23.Many of Shakespeare’s works were taken from stories of Greek and Rome.24.Othello is a tragedy of humanism.25.Except comedy and tragedy, Shakespeare also creates history plays.26.A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a very romantic comedy.27.The Merchant of Venice is a comedy full of irony.28.Shakespeare firstly uses blank verse in England.29.Iambic pentameter is used in Sonnet 18.30.Sonnet 18 praises the immortality of arts.填空题1.William Shakespeare, in cooperation with John Fletcher, wrote two plays:_______and _______.2.The success of Shakespeare’s comedies owns much to _________________.3.Shakespeare’s well-known long poems are: ________and ________.4.Venus and Adonis is a poem written in the form of ________stanzas.5.Each line of a Shakespearian sonnet is an _____________.6._______ is the principle form of his dramas.7.____ and ____ are two main characters in As You Like It.8.Shakespeare wrote ___ tragedies in all, and ____, _____, _____ and _____are four great tragedies.9.The story of Macbeth was borrowed from ___________.10.A mong Shakespeare’s all historical plays, HenryⅣand HenryⅤare two remarkable plays, as HenryⅤ is the ____ of HenryⅣ11.S hakespeare’s ____ are associated with a period of gloomy and sorrow in his life.12."Richard ii" red rose is the_________; white roses is the ______.13.The theme of "A Midsummer Night's Dream " are: _______________________________________________________.14.Shakespeare was a great _______ of the English language.15. Shakespeare's standard poetic form was _____, composed in ______.16.In 1593 and 1594, Shakespeare published two narrative poems on erotic themes, ____________ and ____________.20.S hakespeare is the greatest of all______ dramatists.21.______ is considered as one of the best lyrics in English Literature.22.______ is the greatest tragedy of Shakespeare’s.23.______ is a tragedy of humanism.24.______ is a tragedy of all ambitions adventures who become the prey of their ambition.25.______ is a based on an old British legend.26.______ is a play eulogizing the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, idealizing Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, and exposing the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew represented by Shylock.27.The allusion “pound of flesh”comes from______ .28.Shakespeare wrote______ plays and ______ sonnets.问答题：1.“ Nor lose poss ession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”A.Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken.B.What does the word“this”in the last line refer to?C.What idea do the quoted lines express?2．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero‘s weakness of nature.3. To be, or not to be — that is the question；／whether‘ tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, ／And by opposing end them?A. How do you understand the last two lines?4.Give a brief analysis of Shylock, a character in Shakespeare’s play, The Merchant of Venice.5.Read the quoted part and answer the questions:“For herein Fortune shows herself more kindThan is her custom. It is still her useTo let the wretched man outlive his wealth,To view with hollow eye and wrinkled browAn age of poverty; from which ling’ring penanceOf such misery doth she cut me off”A.Identify the title of the works and author.B.Explain “from which…cut me off”.C.What happened to him, which caused the words?6.Please give a brief analysis of Hamlet’s “To be or not to be” soliloquy (独白).7.What are the main themes of Shakespeare’s plays?8.”Kiss me, Kate!” Katherina Minora is the character in which literary work?9.When Shakespeare died ?10.In Shakespeare’s drama which one has the only sub-title “arbitrariness”11. What principle is Shakespeare's tragedy based on?12.Shakespeare's four great tragedies are13.Shakespeare's two narrative long poems are:17.In the comedy "As you like it” who represent the negati ve life style:18.The heroines’s characteristics in the comedy twelfth night is:19.Why sleep is so frightening, according to Hamlet, since it can “end”the heartache and the thousand natural shocks”?20.What, after all, makes people lose their determination to take action? Please explain in relation to the so-called hesitation of Hamlet.21.What is Romeo and Juliet’s attitude toward being a Montague or a Capulet?22.What does Romeo mean when he says “Look thou but sweet, /And I am proof against their enmity”?23.What does Romeo mean when he says “Look thou but sweet, /And I am proof against their enmity”?24.What does Romeo compare Juliet to in the beginning passage of the s election?25. What are the characteristics of four tragedies in common?。
莎士比亚完整版-英文PPT
• His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry（复杂性和艺术 性） by the end of the sixteenth century.
• 能否把你与夏日相比？ • 你却比炎夏更可爱温婉； • 狂风摧残五月的蓓蕾， • 夏日的时光何其短暂。 • 休恋那丽日当空， • 转眼又云雾迷蒙； • 休叹百花凋零， • 摧残于无常即或天命。
poetry
2 long narrative poem 叙事长诗
The Rape of Lucrece《鲁克丽丝受难记》 Venus and Adonis《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》
Shall I compare thee to a summer’ s day? Thou art more love ly and more tempe rate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of the heaven shines And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as a man can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives live to thee.
莎士比亚十四行诗鉴赏PPT课件讲义
❖ But thy │eter│nal sum│mer shall │not fade, (e) ❖ Nor lose│ posses│sion of │that fair│ thou ow‟st; (f) ❖ Nor shall│ Death brag │thou wan│der‟st in│ his shade, (e) ❖ When in │eter│nal lines │to time│ thou grow‟st. (f) ❖ So long│ as men │can breathe │or eyes │can see, (g) ❖ So long │lives this, │ and this │gives life│ to thee. (g)
QuatrainⅡ： ❖ C：Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, ❖ D：And often is his gold complexion dimmed; ❖ C：And every fair from fair sometime declines, ❖ D：By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed. ❖ 休恨那烈日似火 ❖ 转眼会清冷来袭 ❖ 休叹那百花零落 ❖ 摧折于无常天意
QuatrainⅡ
C：Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
D：And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
C：And every fair from fair sometime declines,
D：By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed.
【全文】优选莎士比亚英语介绍Ppt
the period in English history from 1399.
2024/8/19
第十九页，共19页。
2024/8/19
第八页，共19页。
With the help of Lord, Shakespeare into the aristocratic culture salon, causing him to society with observation and understanding, expanded his vision of life, for he created to provide a rich source of.
第五页，共19页。
LIFE
After 20 years of age to London, first in the theater when the groom. A handyman, after entering the theatre as an actor, director and screenwriter.., become the theatre began around 1588shareholders; writing, first is adapted for the previous script, soon began to independent creation.
of high comedy.
2024/8/199
第十四页，共19页。
2024/8/19
第十五页，共19页。
2024/8/19
英国文学史课件4.Shakespeare-Sonne_...
Hamlet –Summary
14.where he will be executed.
Hamlet –Summary
15. Ophelia has been driven mad by her father’s death and Hamlet’s rejection of her.
Hamlet –Summary
Synopsis of Hamlet Act I
Horatio and two others are on watch at the castle of Elsinore. They see an apparition resembling the late King of Denmark. The specter cannot be persuaded to speak. It vanishes at cockcrow. Claudius thanks his subjects for assistance in the ceremonies at his brother’s funeral and his own marriage. Hamlet grieves over his mother’s speedy remarriage. He is told of the ghost. Laertes warns Ophelia of Hamlet’s attentions. Polonius orders Ophelia to reject Hamlet. The ghost leads Hamlet away, tells him how he was murdered, and asks him to revenge.
Synopsis of Hamlet
莎士比亚研究―较为完整版PPT课件
18
➢W·H是谁？
谨致
本集十四行诗之 惟一促成者 W.H.先生， 祝他洪福齐天
恰如我们不朽之诗人 笔下所讴
芳名永在。 心存善念 而冒昧 付梓 者
①彭布罗克伯爵，此人可能做过 莎士比亚的保护人，名为威 廉·赫伯特；
②花花公子，伦敦法学院的威 廉·哈利弗；
③王尔德认为是当时的演员威 廉·休斯；
④骚桑顿伯爵，名为亨利·里兹利 Henry.Wriothesley。
13
3、女王与教会
一、奉行宗教中庸术
二、永不向西班牙妥协
三、刻意的冷漠态度
“王位离断头台，伦敦塔离威斯敏斯特宫都只是 一步之隔”。
要言之——1、消除内战的危险；2、解除西班牙 威胁；3、避免宗教迫害。
“自古以来，女人当政实属罕见；当政而又治理
得当尤其罕见，治理得当而又经久不衰更是绝
无仅有。然而这位女王统治了四十四年，朝政
12
（四）伊丽莎白女王的功绩
1、女王与人民
一、广泛谋求民众支持
二、充分利用女性亲合力
三、确为英国人民利益作出牺牲
2、女王与上层统治者
一、拉拢手段（利益共享是根本、慎用赠予、自身也 是筹码）
二、领导素质（政治判断力、知人善任、容人之量）
三、打压手段（柔弱胜刚强、不放弃酷刑、权威不容
侵犯、严格控制贵族集团规模）
便像云雀破晓从阴霾的大地 振翮上升，高唱着圣歌在天门： 一想到你的爱使我那么富有， 和帝王换位我也不屑于屈就” ——[“爱友”是自己心灵的慰藉]
32
4、（33——42）诗人与“爱友” 疏远，因“爱友”受到 “情妇” 的诱惑。
如第35首： “毋须再为你的所作所为悲伤， 玫瑰有刺，明泉也难免浊水泥浪， 乌云和日蚀月蚀会让日月无光， 可恶的蚊虫会在娇蕾里躲藏。”
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第四页Analysis of Shakespeare’s View of Love from A Midsummer Night’s Dream Introduction William Shakespeare is one of the greatest dramatists during the period of the European Renaissance,he plays a very important role in the world history of literature and in the history of drama. The age in which he lived was the age of Renaissance in Europe, humanism was the main thought weapon. And Shakespeare's works brightly manifested the characteristic of humanism literature,he reached a high level in thought as well as art, which brought the European humanism literature to the peak. "A midsummer night's dream" is one of his famous comedies.And it is also one of his typical works to express the humanism love. The paper aims at analysing the reflect of his view of humanism love in "A midsummer night's dream". I.Basic Information of the author William Shakespeare was born on April 23,1564 in Stratford-on-Avon in Warwickshire.There is no official record of Shakespeare’s schooling,but it is widely believed that he attended the local grammar school and read widely. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest dramatists during the period of the European Renaissance.He has great contribution to the humanism.The humanism ideal, equality, fraternity, humanitarian thoughts and the praise for youth, friendship and love which reflect in his works are of great practical significance in today's society. In Shakespeare's masterpiece, the creation of his drama is his mainachievements.Among them, the song of love is the basic major themes of Shakespeare's dramas. Shakespeare’s dramas about love are mainly reflected in some comedies, their contents are colorful, some are from the long Italian stories, some use ancient works, and some come from folklore. In these dramas, the basic theme is to sing for love and friendship,and the basic mode is that a pair of lovers or two young men and women fall in love with each other at first sight,we all know that true love never run smooth, so they have to come over all obstacles and finally go through all of them well that ends well,those stories happen in "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "As You Like it ", 第五页"Twelfth Night", "The Merchant of Venice" and other dramas in which the two "basic" themes have reflected. II.Introduction of the book "A midsummer night's dream" is a love story of two young men and women in the middle-age Greek.Two young men Lysander and Demetrius both fall in love with the young woman Hermia, and Hermia loves Lysander while her good friend Helena loves Demetrius. The disagreement of Hermia’s father and the interference of prince of Athens force Hermia and Lysander to run away from the city to the forest which is a few miles away from the town. Helena tells Demetrius the news,and they follow Hermia and Lysander to the forest. There are the fairy king, the fairy queen and their little elves living in the forest.At this time, the king and the queen don’t get along well with each other in the disagreement of a"in son".They both want the "in son" to serve for them. In order to let the fairy queen make concessions, the king sends his little elve Puck to get to the magic juice to tease the fairy queen. This kind of magic juice can make you fall in love with anyone who you see at the first sight when you wake up if it drops in the eyelid.The king gets the "in son" after he succeeds in teasing the queen and he also send his little elves to help those four young people. Because the appearance of the juice, the whole story has changed dramatically. Athought Elves drop juice to wrong people which makes the relationship between lovers more complicated, everyone still have his love in the end.At the same time ,they also get the pardon of the prince and Hermia’s father and gain the freedom of marriage. III.Introduction of Shakespeare’s View of Love Firstly,Shakespeare believes that love is beautiful and wonderful in some extent.In almost every comedy,Shakespeare sings the praises of love, friendship, and calls for personality liberation.And he thinks that everyone has the rights to fight for the freedom of marriage and the persuit of happiness. Roman poet Virgil summarized the theme of Shakespeare's comedies in a sentence "love can conquer everything." In a series of plays, Shakespeare creates many images of noble young men and women.They are happy, vibrant and smart. They often fall in love with each other at first sight, they get great passion in love. Even when they meet all kinds of difficulties, they are never going to give uptheir love.Nothing can block the combination of them, they will love with vigour and vitality, and keep on pursuing their pure love. For Shakespeare, 第六页love and happiness is the result of the persistent pursuits of the hero and heroin which expresses the romantic lyrical atmosphere in his love comedies. Secondly,most of Shakespeare's plays are filled with strong romanticism elements. His plays reflect desires of humanists to new life.Humanists want to get rid of the shackles of feudal ethics and religious asceticism,they want to strive for individual liberation and love freedom.In Shakespeare’s love comedies, the hero and heroine always have a good ending.In his play,the regrets of evil people and the solution of the contradictions fully express the humanistic love view of Shakespeare. We know that Shakespeare’s wife was eight years older than him.Although Shakespeare was one of the greatest writers,he never wrote a word for his wife.He once said that it was the tradedy of a man to marry a older wife to warn other men.His marriage had certain influence on his writing.In Shakespeare’s palys,he advocates free love,and love loyalty to make up the deficiency of love in his marriage. Shakespeare longs for ture love and contempt of all the feudalism. Images in Shakespeare’s writing are not constrained ,they can break taboos,and gain courages to get ture free love and happiness. Shakespeare’s plays are full of humanity and longing for true love.He shapes a lot of brave and free young men and women especially the images of women.Many hisplays express the themes through women.They play active roles in the struggle to get rid of authority from husband and father.They try to break the traditional custom, and ask for the freedom of marriage which truly reflects a kind of "equality" humanistic spirit. In general, Shakespeare believes that love is beautiful and wonderful. And his plays are shining with individual liberation and the beauty of humanism love art. IV.Shakespeare’s View of Love Expressed in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shak espeare’s longing for beautiful and wonderful love are fully expressed in A Midsummer Night’s Dream.It is a love comedy with a happy ending.No matter what difficulties the main characters meet,they are never going to give up. Hermia and Lysander do not give up even with the disagreement of Hermia’s father and the interference of prince of Athens.And the persistence of Helena is also a reflec t of Shakespeare’s pursuit of love.The most dramatic part of this paly is that the magic juice can change people’s feelings to fall in l ove with another person.In this point,we can see that Shakespeare’s hope for all satisfications in love.With th help of the king and his little elves, Hermia and Lysander get the freedom of marriage while Demetrius and Helena fall 第七页in love with each other.All of these endings of the stories express Shakespeare’s compliment for beautiful and happy love. A Midsummer N ight’s Dream is Shakespeare’s famous play to sing for the freedom of love and marriage which also a great piece of work to express the view ofhumanism love.The heroine Hermia is brave and stubborn,she is always fighting with unreasonable feudal marriage for their own happiness. She is not afraid of criticism and blame from the feudal opinion.And she runs away with Lysander to fight for the success. She is regardless of the limits of feudal ethical code to struggle for love which shows her extraordinary courage and aggressive personality.She uses actions to ask for the freedom from the authority of the husband and paternity to break the limits from traditional custom. Her pursuit of personality liberation and happiness of love shows her courage and intelligence.Her self-esteem and self-respect quality shines in the middle ages of the dark society.In that society,the equality between men and women is not allowed to be mentioned, but Shakespeare gives people dawn, although is short, but he is a forerunner. In this way,his impact is inestimable. And all of these truly reflects a kind of "equality" humanistic spirit and shows Shakespeare’s compliment for humanism love. A nother female image in the play is Helena, Hermia 's good friend, she is clever and acute.She never give up searching for his love,. She is deeply in love with Demetrius but Demetrius is crush on her good friend Hermia. When she learns that Hermia and Lysander are going to escape into the forest,she tells Demetrius only to get a little reward to comfort herself.She follows Demetrius to the forest,she is always pursuing her love.She is also a vivid female character in Shakespeare’s play to show his view of humanismlove. Conclusion Shakespeare sings for the beauty of love.He longs for happy and ture love.At the same time,he shows his view of humanism love. 第八页Bibliography [1] H.B .Charton,Shakespearcan comedy,Muthucn&Co.Ltd,London 1945. [2]《仲夏夜之梦（双语版）》作者：威廉•莎士比亚朱生豪译出版社：江苏文艺出版社出版时间：2012年09月[3]《仲夏夜之梦(英文版)(英文原版影印插图本-阿登版莎士比亚-)》作者：(英)布鲁克斯编者:(英国)(Harold F.Broooks)哈罗德·F·布鲁克斯出版社：中国人民大学出版社出版时间：2008年01月[4]《莎士比亚评论汇编（上）》作者：杨周翰主编，出版时间：1979 出版社：中国社会科学出版社[5]《视读莎士比亚》作者：（英）尼克·格隆出版社：安徽文艺出版社出版时间：2007年1月[6]《最伟大的戏剧大师：莎士比亚—图说名人》作者：晓树主编出版社：中国画报出版社出版时间：2009年8月[7] 《莎士比亚爱情故事》作者：（英）莎士比亚著，萧乾，张愫珩译出版社：汕头大学出版社出版时间：2004年9月。