英语第二册 答案2

Unit 1 Answers to Exercises Vocabulary 1) urged 2) halted 3) bother 4) embarrassed 5)adjusted 6) complain 7) kid 8) engage 9)subject 10) saw to it that 11) coordinate 12) participate 2. Word buildingpatient----patience enter---- entrance bitter---bitternesscomplain----complaint fortunate---fortune envy----enviousknowledge---knowledgeable memory----memorable reluctant---reluctance frustrate----frustration 1) bitter 2)fortunate 3) patience 4) memorable 5) reluctant 6) entrance 7) complaints 8) envious 9) knowledgeable 10) frustration Translation o1.He walks slowly because of his bad leg. o2.He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. o3.He saw to it that the same mistake would not happen again. o4.Now that they’ve got to know each other a little better they get along just fine. o5.Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys. o6.On this happy occasion I send you my best wishes. E to C 1. 他从来不感到疲惫，非常喜欢干活，而且话不多。

2. 由她陪在身边我很兴奋并感到安全，尤其是在天气不好的时候。

3. 从他那里得到的一切我们都非常感激，而且下决心要努力学习来报答他。

4. 他经常给我将一些很有趣的故事，而且从这些故事中我能够知道自己该做什么，不该做什么。

Part Three 1. causes 2. offers 3. to 4.not 5.tell 6.calls 7. attracted 8. discovers 9. Weak 10. disappointed 11. distance 12. out Part Four 1. support a big family 2. care for her children and parents 3. pay for his child’s education 4. after years of diligent research 5. the financial burden on his shoulders 6. She has a golden heart and loves people around her. 7. My father has never bought any toys and candies for my younger brother and me but I know he loves us. 8. My parent do their best to meet our needs and always keep their promises.Unit 2 1. Understanding the Main idea of the Passage 1. different 2. problems 3. communication 4. translator 5. trust 6. acceptance 7. exaggerate 8. superlative 9. metaphors 10. generalizations 11. unsupportive 12.literally 13. rethink 14. translate 2. Understanding Specific Information 1. F 2. T 3. F 4.T 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. T Vocabulary 1. 1) mess 2)repeat 3)mislead 4) intends 5)tend 6)exaggerates 7)frustrating 8) misinterpreted 9)acceptance 10)trust 2. Step One 1)f 2)c 3)a 4)k 5)i 6)e 7)h 8)j 9)g 10)b 11)d Step Two 1)conveyed/conveys2)assistance 3)encounter 4)conflict 5)emphasis 6)reacted 7)recognize 8)manner 9)assumed/assume 10)emerged/emerges 11)ignore 3. 1)out 2)on 3)with 4)of 5)In 6)in 7)to 8)on 9)At 10)of Translation 1. I went to the dentist yesterday to have a bad/decayed tooth pulled out. 2. The development of things depends fundamentally on internal causes. 3. All roads lead to Rome. 4. I meant to give you that book today but I forgot to bring it with me. 5. I was on the verge of accepting his advice. 6. Divorce is not a matter you can afford to take lightly Part Four Writing and Translation Translation Practice 1. Misunderstandings are very common in our daily lives. They will cause problems and unnecessary trouble: ruin friendships bring misery. 2. They are many ways to avoid misunderstandings.A. Do not use words that may have double meanings.B. Express ideas and pronounce words clearly.C. Emphasize the main points.D. Don’t pretend to understand when you don’t.E. Ask for clarification when not clear about the meaning.F. Be aware of the gender differences in communication.3. Many misunderstandings can be avoided if we are careful enough. Life without misunderstandings will be better and happier.Unit 3 Reading Comprehension 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text 1). Introduction (para. 1) Each person has the potential to win in his own way. 2) The meanings of “winner” and “loser” (para. 2) A winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive. A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely. 3) Few people are winners and losers all the time. (para 3) 4) Winners (para. 4-7) Characteristics of a winner: a. A winner is genuine. b. A winner is not afraid to do his own thinking and to use his own knowledge. c. A winner is flexible. d. A winner has a love for life. e. A winner cares about the world and its people. 5) Loses (para. 8-10) Possible causes: Poor nutrition cruelty unhappy relationships disease continuing disappointments and inadequate physical care. Characteristics of a loser: a. A loser lacks an ability to appropriately express himself through a full range of possible behavior.b. A loser has difficulty giving and receiving love. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) c 2) D 3)A 4)B 5) C Vocabulary 1) appreciate a. be thankful o grateful for 感激b. recognize and enjoy the good qualities or worth of 欣赏，赏识2）capacity a. the amount that sth can hold or contain 容量，容积，容纳力3) channel a. n. a particular television station 频道b. v. direct sth towards a particular purpose 把….导向，引导，集中4) contribute a. join with others in giving 捐献，捐赠，贡献出b. help in causing a situation event or condition有助于，促成5). Flexible a. that can bend or be bent easily有弹性，柔韧的b. that can change or be changed to be suitable for new needs灵活的，可变通的6). Guilt a. the fact of having broken a moral rule or official law罪，罪行b. the feelings produced by knowledge or belief that one has done wrong 内疚，自责，悔恨7) potential a. adj. likely to develop into a particular type of person or thing in the future潜在的，可能的b. n. the inherent ability for growth and development潜力，潜能8) rigid a. stiff not easy to bend 硬的，不易弯曲的b. firm or fixed difficult to change or unwilling to change严格的，刻板的2. achieve –achievement expect –expectation Depend—dependence limit—limitation/limit Cruel—cruelty unique—uniqueness Genuine—genuineness respond—response Aware—awareness disappoint—disappointment Capable—capability behave—behavior 1)expectation 2)limitations 3)capability 4)achievement 5)response 6)awareness 6)behavior 7)disappointment 9)cruelty10)dependence 3. 1)entered into 2)channeled…into 3)holds/held back 4)unaware of 5)separates…from 6)referred to…as 7)lived up to 8)calls for 9)contributes to 10)see/saw…as Translation 1. Lack of confidence contributed to his failure. 2. She has shown great courage in the face of her serious illness. 3. We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth. 4. His secretary failed to tell him about the meeting. 5. Learning languages isn’t just a matter of memorizing words. 6. Once she has made her decision no one can hold her back. 7. It’ll be difficult to live up to the standards set by our captain. 8. The scientist referredto the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field. Part Four Writing and Translation 1. Failure is the mother of success. 2. Any man who is afraid of failure will/can never win. 3. Success means that you enjoy/love and are good at doing what you are doing now. 4. One who is eager to win will not necessarily win quickly. 5. A successful person doesn’t ask for things from others. On the contrary/Instead he will ask himself: “What can I leave to this world?” 6. A real winner is someo ne who makes the greatest contributions to the society not the one who is the richest or the most famous.Unit 4 Reading Comprehension 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text 1) Introduction (para. 1-2) The term placebo is introduced: when it is prescribed and what it is. 2) The study of the placebo (para. 3-7) a. One explanation: The placebo works because the human mind fools itself. b. The other explanation: The placebo makes the wish to get better become reality. c. The most powerful placebo of all: the doctor. Supporting evidence: First group (led by a doctor): 70 percent of the people get better. Second group (led by a nurse): only 25 percent of the people get better. 3) Different cases in which a placebo may work (para. 8-9) The placebo has been found to work with seasickness coughs colds and pain after an operation. An experiment was done to see if it works with old people: The first group were given nothing at all. Result: The first group showed no changes from the way old people in that village had always been. Thesecond group was given a placebo. Result: The second group had much netter health and a lower death rate. The third group were given a real drug which was intended to help with the problems of old age. Result: The third group showed much the same results as the group that took the placebo. 4). Two opposite attitudes towards the use of a placebo (para. 10-11) Some doctors think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used. Other countries are known to have been using placebos for hundreds of years.5) Conclusion (para. 12) It is suggested that the human mind is stronger than we think it is. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1). Yes 2)No 3)Maybe 4)yes 5)yes 6)no 7)yes 8)Maybe Vocabulary 1. 1)A. a substance used for treating illness especially a liquid you drink b.the treatment and study of illnesses and injuries 2) a. an act of firing a gun b. an injection of a drug 3) a. the part of a spacecraft in which astronauts live and workb. a plastic container shaped like a very small tube with medicine inside.4) a. become whole and sound return to health b. cause to become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience. 5) a. a particular way of behaving towards someone or of dealing with them. b. a method that is intended to cure an injury or illness. 6) a. the process of cutting into someone’s body to repair or remove a part that is damaged. b. the process of making a machine or system work 7) a. a person or their particular problem that a doctor is dealing with b. a situation that exists especially as it affects a particular person or group 8) a. make someone think that a particular thing is true; indicate b. tell someone your ideas about what they should do where they should go etc. 2. 1)a 2)e 3)f 4)d 5)g 6)h 7)c 8)b Translation 1. All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.2. In many cases regulations alone will not work.3. He is highly likely to succeed because of his intelligence and diligence.4. She stared at me as if I were a stranger.5. It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident yesterday.6. I feel angry at the way he (has) treated me.7. The patient is much the same this morning as he was yesterday.8. I’d like to stay (at) home this evening rather than go out.Unit 5 Reading Comprehension Understanding the Organization of the Passage I. Introduction: Questions concerning dreams have puzzled human beings. (para 1) II. Dreaming and sleeping (Para. 2-3) i) When does dreaming occur? When we are in REM sleep. ii) What are the main purposes of sleeping? To give us rest and to allow us to dream. III. Possible causes of dreams (para. 4-6) i) Physiological Example: Sleeping with one’s feet too close to a heater may cause one to dream of walking on hot coals. ii) Reflection of inner fears. Example: Worrying about losing one’s job may cause one to dream of losing one’s job. IV.Dream interpretation (para. 7-9) i) The earliest dream dictionary included symbols such as drinking wine to indicate a short life and drinking water to indicate a long life. ii) Artemidorus’ dictionary includes symbols such as right hand (father) left hand (mother) and dolphin (a good omen). iii) Most experts warm that dream interpretations should be treated with care. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) T 2)T 3)T 4)T 5)F 6)T 7)T 8)T 9)F 10)F Vocabulary 1. 1)explanation 2)enthusiasts 3)frustrating 4)popularity 5)unconscious 6)electrical 7)movements 8)recognizable 9)interpretation 10)countless 2.Task A 1)asleep 2)sleepless 3)sleep 4)sleepy 5)asleep 6)slept7)sleeping sleep 8)sleeper Task B 1) submerged: (cause to) go below the surface of the sea river or lake (使)沉没2) subculture: the behavior practice etc. associated with a group within a society亚文化3) submarine: a special type of ship which can travel under water潜水艇4) subway: (BrE) a path for people to walk under a road or railway地下通道；(AmE) a railway that runs under the ground 地铁5) subzero: (of temperatures) below zero零度以下的6) subtropical: related to an area near to t tropical area or typical of that area副热带的，亚热带的7) subspecies: a subdivision of a species （物种的）亚种8) subnormal: below an average or expected standard especially of intelligence低于正常的3. 1)progressed 2)puzzled 3)process 4)reflected 5)predict 6)advances 7)symbol 8)ancient 9)error 10)conscious 11)analysis 12)inner Translation 1. You will see that what I am saying now will come true. 2. The lecture was so boring that half (of) the students feel asleep.3. The problem of unemployment is tied up with the development of new technology.4. His appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize him.5. The castle dates back to the 14th century.6. She has never done anything for them whereas they have done everything they can for her. Part Four Writing and Translation 梦是心灵的谈话人类至今尚未开启通往梦的世界的大门。