TPO31 独立写作范文
TPO 31-34 综合原文
托福TPO31综合写作题目 Reading Part:A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx, preserved in volcanic as h, was discovered in Liaoning, China, in 1996. Interestingly, the fossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones. Some paleontologists int erpret the lines as evidence that Sinosauropteryx had feathers. However, critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was a feathered dinosaur, citing se veral reasons.First, the critics points out that the fine lines may not even represent functiona l structures of a living dinosaur, but rather structures that were formed after th e animal’s death. After the animal died and was burie d in volcanic ash, its ski n may have decomposed into fibers. The skin fibers then became preserved as lines in the fossil; the lines were misinterpreted as evidence of feathers.Second, even if the fine lines are remains of real structures of a Sinosauropter yx, scientists cannot tell with certainty what part of the dinosaur’s anatomy the structures were. Many dinosaurs had frills, ornamental fan-shaped structures gr owing out of some parts of their bodies. Some of the critics argue that the lin es surrounding the skeleton are much more likely to be fossilized remains of f rills than remains of feathers.A third objection is based on the fact that the usual functions of feathers are t o help animals fly or regulate their internal temperature. However, the structure s represented by the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil were mostly located alo ng the backbone and the tail of the animal. This would have made the structu res quite useless for flight and of very limited use in thermoregulation. This s uggests that the lines do not represent feathers.托福TPO31综合写作题目 Listening Part:The evidence that the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil represent feathers is v ery strong. The arguments of the critics are unconvincing.First, it is unlikely that the lines are a result of the decomposition of the dino saur ’s skin, because we don’t see any such decomposition in the fossils of ot her animals buried at the same site. In fact, the fossils of many other animals buried at the site show evidence that their functional skin structures have bee n beautifully preserved in volcanic ash. The well-preserved condition of the oth er fossils makes it likely that the Sinosauropteryx’s lines are also well-preserve d functional structures, possibly feathers, and that they are not fibers caused by decomposition.Second, the idea that the lines represent frills… well, there is an important che mical difference between feathers and frills. Feathers contain a great deal of a protein called Beta-keratin. Frills, on the other hand, do not contain beta-keratin. Our chemical analyses suggest that the Sinosauropteryx structures did contai n beta-keratin. So that indicates that the structures were feathers, not frills. Third, feathers can be used for other functions than flight and thermoregulation. Think of a bird, like peacock, for example. The peacock has long, colorful fe athers in its tail. And it displays its tail in order to attract a mate. That’s a di stinct function of feathers called the display function. Recently, we have been able to do analyses on the Sinosauropteryx structures that show us that the str uctures were colorful. They were orange and white. The fact that they were co lorful strongly supports the idea that they were feathers that this dinosaur use for display.托福TPO32综合写作题目Reading Part:Starting in the 1960s and continuing until the 1980s, sailors in Russian submarines patrolling the North Alantic and Arctic Ocean would occasionally hear strange sounds. These underwater noises reminded the submarine crews of frog croaks, so they cal led the sounds “quackers” (from the Russian word for frog sounds). The sources of the sound seemed to be moving with great speed and agility; however, the submarines’ sonar (a method of detecting objects underwater) was unable to detect any solid moving objects in the area. There are several theories about what might have caused the odd sounds.The first theory suggests that the strange noises were actually the calls of male and female ocra whales during a courtship ritual. Orca whales are known to inhabit the areas where the submarines were picking up the bizarre noises. Orcas have been studied extensively, and the sounds they make when trying to attract a male are similar to those that the submarines were detecting.A second idea is that the sounds were caused by giant squid. Giant squids are gaint marine invertebrates that live deep in the ocean and prey on large fish. They are difficult to detect by sonar because they have soft bodies with no skeleton. Not much is known about giant squid behavior, but their complex brains suggest they are intelligent animals. It is possible they have the ability to emit sound, and perhaps they approached the submarines out of curiosity.A third theory suggests the Russian submarines were picking up stray sounds from so me military technology, like another country’s submarines that were secretly patrolling the area. Perhaps the foreign submarines did not register on sonar because they were using a kind of technology specifically designed to make them undetectableby sonar. The strange froglike sounds may have been emitted by the foreign submarines unintentionally.托福TPO32综合写作题目Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.Female professor: Quackers are certainly a very strange phenomenon. Experts still debate what the source of the sound was. No one can be sure exactly what caused them. But these experts cite certain problems with all of the theories that you just read about. Here are a few of the arguments that they made.First, the idea that the sounds were caused by Orca whales seems plausible at first but is ultimately highly unlikely. It’s that there are Orca populations in the general areas that the Russian submarines were patrolling. But Orca whales mostly live near the surface of the water. The submarines typically remain deep in the ocean and should not have been able to hear the whale sounds from near the surface. Also the Orca whales would have been detected by the Russian sonar if they were nearby.Giant squid may be a better candidate but one critical fact speaks against this squid theory as well. Russian submarines first detected quacker sound in the 1960s and reports of them continued for about two decades. But the sounds disappeared entirely by the 1980s. However, as far as we know, squid have always lived in the ocean where the submarines were patrolling and continue to live there today. If these were squid sound, there would be no reason to suddenly start hearing them in one decade and then suddenly stop hearing them twenty years later.Third, the idea that the quackers were caused by a secret submarine from another country does not hold up. The sources of the sound appear to move around and change direction very quickly. Submarines cannot move or change direction that quickly. Also all submarines make some engine noise. But no such noise accompanied the quackers. Even today, we don’t have the technology to build submarines that are that fast and have engines that are that silent.托福TPO32综合写作题目Question:Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific theories presented in the reading passage.TPO 33 Writing - Integrated WritingReading PartCarved stone balls are a curious type of artifact found at a number of |locations in Scotland. They date from the late Neolithic period, around 4,000 years ago. They are round in shape; they were carved from several types of stone; most are about 70 mm in diameter; and many are ornamented to some degree. Archaeologists do not agree about their purpose and meaning, but there are several theories.One theory is that the carved stone balls were weapons used in hunting or fighting. Some of the stone balls have been found with holes in them, and many have grooves on the surface. It is possible that a cord was strung through the holes or laid in the grooves around the ball. Holding the stone balls at the end of the cord would have allowed a person to swing it around or throw it.A second theory is that the carved stone balls were used as part of a primitive system of weights and measures. The fact that they are so nearly uniform in size - at 70 mm in diameter-suggests that the balls were interchangeable and represented some standard unit of measure. They could have been used as standard weights to measure quantities of grain or other food, or anything that needed to be measured by weight on a balance or scale for the purpose of trade.A third theory is that the carved stone balls served a social purpose as opposed to a practical or utilitarian one. This view is supported by the fact that many stone balls have elaborate designs. The elaborate carving suggests that the stones may have marked the important social status of their owners.Listening PartNone of the three theories presented in the reading passage are very convincing.First, the stone balls as hunting weapons, common Neolithic weapons such as arrowheads and hand axes generally show signs of wear, so we should expect that if the stone balls had been used as weapons for hunting of fighting, they too would show signs of that use. Many of the stone balls would be cracked or have pieces broken off. However, the surfaces of the balls are generally well preserved, showing little or no wear or damage.Second, the carved stone balls maybe remarkably uniform in size, but their masses vary too considerably to have been used as uniform weights. This is because the stone balls were made of different types of stone including sandstone, green stone and quartzite. Each type of stone has a different density. Some types of stone are heavier than others just as a handful of feathers weighs less than a handful of rocks. Two balls of the same size are different weights depending on the type of stone they are made of. Therefore, the balls could not have been used as a primitive weighing system.Third, it's unlikely that the main purpose of the balls was as some kind of social marker. A couple of facts are inconsistent with this theory. For one thing, while some of the balls are carved with intricate patterns, many others have markings that are extremely simple, too simple to make the balls look like status symbols. Furthermore, we know that in Neolithic Britain, when someone died, particularly a high-ranking person, they were usually buried with their possessions. However, none of the carved stone balls have been actually found in tombs or graves. That makes it unlikely that the balls were personal possessions that marked a person's status within the community.Sample answerThe author in the reading passage explores three major functions of the carved stone balls. However, in the lecture, the professor respectively contradicts all his assertions by using three specific points as supports.First, even though the reading passage suggests that the stone balls were weapons because of the holes and grooves on their surface, the professor argues that the stone balls didn’t show signs of use, which means they are neither cracked nor broken and thus cannot be used as weapons.Second, despite the statement in the reading passage that the stone balls were used as primitive weighing system due to their uniform size, the professor contends that their masses vary too considerably from each other. Therefore, the balls could not function as weighing system.Third, the author asserts that the stone balls served a social purpose owing to their elaborate designs while the professor proves that this claim is indefensible by pointing out that the balls were carved with not only intricate patterns but also simple ones, besides, none of the balls were found in the ancient tombs or graves. Consequently, it’s impossible that the balls were social markers.大家好，下面对今天的写作课做出反馈。
托福写作 tpo 31 范文
TPO 31The reading passage and the listening unfold opposite perspectives on whether the fine lines on the newly-excavated Sinasuropteryx fossil skeleton preserved in volcanic ash are an interpretation that Sinosaur has feathers. The reading mentions that Sinosaur is not a feathered dinosaur. However, the speaker in the listening claims that the arguments used to support the reading are unconvincing.Firstly, the author states that the fine lines may be formed after Sinosaur died as decomposition of skin fibers, showcasing that Sinosaur does not have feathers. Nevertheless, the lecturer disagrees with it and maintains that there is no decomposition on other animals at the same place. In fact, the fine lines are well-preserved feathers of Sinosaur since other animals' fossils bear beautifully-preserved functional structures. Secondly, according to the article, which part of Sinosaur the fine lines belong to has not been ascertained yet and the fine lines may be frills of Sinosaur. By contrast, the lecture refutes the idea and argues that there are chemical difference between feathers and frills, the former of which contains a kind of protein the latter lacks. Besides, chemical analysis indicates that this kind of protein is present on the structure of Sinosaur. Hence, the fine lines are feathers.Thirdly, the lecturer dissents with the claim in the reading passage that the location of the fine lines deny the regular function of feathers. By citing the example of peacock whose tail feathers are used as display function, the professor argues that feathers on Sinosaur serve as display function as well, for research shows the fine lines are orange and white. Thus, Sinosaur is feathered dinosaur. (270 words//20 minutes)新的模板不是很熟练速度下来了再熟悉下老师，有个问题：就是文中出现需要频繁写出来的很长的主人公名字能缩写吗？。
TPO1-33独立写作范文(含题目)
TPO10独立写作范文(含题目)TPO1-33独立写作题目及TPO1-33独立写作范文，助力大家托福考试备考。
祝大家托福考试能取得好的成绩。
TPO1独立写作题目:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?At universities and colleges, sports and social activities are just as important as classes and libraries and should receive equal financial support.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO1独立写作范文：As people regard education as an essential part of life more and more, where the educational budgets should be devoted to rises to a hot topic. Some people hold the view that money is supposed to be put into classes and libraries, while others believe that an equal amount of financial support should be given to sports and social activities at universities and colleges. From my perspective, sports and social activities make a complete campus life together with classes and libraries, so I firmly agree with the statement.First of all, playing sports makes a person healthy and energetic to face the future challenges. It can be seen everywhere that more and more students wear glasses, and too much reading along with facing computers for a long time makes it even worse. Then they may suffer from eye problems or other physical diseases. The only way of improving this case is to encourage them to take some time relaxing in sports. Furthermore, playing a ball game together is the best method to promote teamwork spirit. After a period of playing together, members will develop a way to solve problems and achieve their common goal. Therefore, sports strengthen one's body as well as enhance the spirit of teamwork.Besides, social activities can help foster abilities that students cannot gain during classes or self-studying. Though being smart and diligent, some students are called pedants because of not being able to exchange ideas with others freely. Only if a person is equipped with knowledge and is capable of expressing it can he become competent. So, it is significant for them to take part in social activities with the aim of lifting their communication skills. When pedants are forced to talking with others, it's a great chance for them to make new friends and express their thoughts, which may be an opportunity for their future career.Last but not the least is that the places provided for sports and social activities are in need of money. It is common that the school will spend a large sum of money to purchase updated booksand facilities to fulfill the requirements of classes and libraries. However, finding a suitable place to play sports or hold social activities is always hard. Take my university as an example, if I want to read a book, I can easily find a seat in the library, but if I want to run for half an hour, the crowded gym will just turn me into a upset mood. Then, requiring the same amount of financial support to ameliorate the condition is just reasonable.In a nutshell, financial support should be contributed to sports and social activities just like classes and libraries, for they help with strengthening bodies, making progress in communication skills and they are in shortage of fund.TPO2独立写作题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO2独立写作范文：With some changes of social values nowadays, the importance of always telling the truth in relationship is questioned among the public. However, as far as I am concerned, I still strongly believe that always telling the truth is the most important consideration in relationships. Generally, telling the truth helps to build up and maintain trust for work and love.First of all, always telling the truth creates trust between clients and companies, between employers and employees, and among colleagues. For instance, when I was an intern at an insurance company, I heard from my manager about an event which caused a lot of loss to our company. There was a client whose car was hit in an accident. According to his contract with our company, he could receive little insurance payment. However, in order to get more money, this client lied to prevent our employees from investigating the scene. He took the pictures of his "broken" car, and he changed some details of the pictures on his computer for exaggerating his loss in that accident. As a result, our company paid him a great deal of money. Later, our company realized the scandal and accused him for his crime. He finally got severe punishment and lost support from all insurance companies. Although this client was punished for his misdeeds, our company suffered great loss in the whole case. Therefore, telling the truth is the most important consideration in at work, for it not only helps to build up trust between new business partners, but also maintain trust during the cooperation, which brings more benefits and convenience at work. Telling lies at work may badly effect the cooperation at work, or even make oneself involve in more serious troubles.Secondly, love also requires telling the truth. Love is a kind of fantastic affection which brings two strangers together or even leads them to be a couple. Therefore, telling the truth is the most important consideration in this relationship, because it creates and maintains trust between lovers or couples, which can keep their love or marriage for longer time. It is quite common that one of the lovers tells lies to the other, which destroys their love or even their marriage. If a man meets a female friend by himself in the evening, but he tells his girlfriend or wife that he worked overtime, the result may turns out rather terrible when his girlfriend or wife knows the truth later. This man may tell a white lie to avoid some meaningless quarrel, but this actually triggers more misunderstanding. Therefore, telling the truth at first-time is more appropriate and correct to maintain a relationship, especially the relationship of love. Telling the truth should always be the most important consideration in love. And the worry about its results can be removed by the techniques of telling the truth.It is understandable that some people think that always telling the truth may hurt people's feelings. If a doctor tells his patient the truth that he is diagnosed with cancer, this patients may lose his hope and give up his life easily. In this circumstance, telling the truth seems not appropriate. However, if telling the truth more euphemistically, the patient may accept his disease more easily. Nevertheless, telling the truth to the patient's family is still a right decision. Therefore, telling the truth is still a very important consideration in relationships.All in all, always telling the truth is the most important consideration in relationships, for it creates and maintains trust among people, which brings more harmony and peace to the whole society.TPO3独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO3独立写作范文：Friends play an important role in everyone's life. In some cases, friends could even be of greater help than your family members. The issue whether it is more important to keep your old friends than it is to make new friends has become a hot issue for people all over the world. As far as I am concerned, keeping old friends is more significant than making new friends.To begin with, old friends have a better understanding of you. They have known you for many years and have shared happinesses and sorrows in the past years with you. For you, they aremore like your family members. I have a great friend named Joy. We have become best friends since high school. She can read what I'm thinking from my facial expressions. I will turn to her for advice whenever I'm confused. In addition, she will give me warm comfort if I feel upset. I trust her and she trust me, too. Although we may work or live in different places, this precious friendship will last forever.The next point to be mentioned is that it's not easy to make sincere new friends in the complicated working environment. Most of my good friends were made in school, where there is much love. However, people care more about themselves and their family and have little time and energy to develop close friendship with others. The most common relationship in the society is colleague. Most people have their own circles of friends at that time.However, we can't deny the importance of making new friends. New friends mean new ways of thinking and different life experiences. By communicating with them, you can learn something different and have various kinds of pleasure.All in all, keeping old friends is of greater importance than making new friends.TPO4独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO4独立写作范文：With the development of science and technology as well as the implementation of the policy about vehicle, some people believe that in the 20 years, fewer cars will be in use than they are today. As far as I am concerned, I cannot agree with this statement for the following reasons.First of all, the population in the 20 years will still increase, which means that car market still has huge potential. Since the cost of cars becomes more and more cheap and people live further from their work places than before, people who would like to buy cars gradually rise. Take China as an example, China has the largest market of car and with the progress of society, more people can afford cars so there is an increasing trend of car running in the roads. Unlessthe population in the world is going to decrease in the next 20 years, more cars will be produced in the future.However, under the drive of environmental protection from government and the rise of the price of oil, it is possible that we can see fewer cars driven in the roads. The car is not the only choice for travelling. In fact, many people would like to use publict traffic rather than private cars. They think that in this way, they can not only do some good to environment but also save money.But this kind of people cannot stop the growing trend of population, the world still see more cars produced.To sum up, I think that there will be more cars in the future, but the growing speed will be slow down. The publlic transportation will be convenient for people and more people will choose to use it. The deterioration of environment will also drive human being to use less vehicle.TPO5独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO5独立写作范文：In this contemporary society,people are under great pressure in their dailylife.Obviously,people have to find some ways to release their tangible and intangible pressures from work,family and so forth.But someone claims that people today spend too much time on personal enjoyment-doing things they like to do-rather than doing things they should do.From my perspective,I don't agree with this viewpoint.Reversely,most people now are more concerned about what they should do.They are becoming more and more realism,instead of doing things they like.The reasons are as follows.First of all,for young generations,particularly,they have to study something they are not interested in,just for the promising career prospect after graduation.Because of the harsh reality and fierce competition around them,they have no choice but to give up their interests.Let's just take one of my friends as example,she is quite intelligent,and extremely good at learning language,she would be polyglot if she didn't take her parents' advice.However,her parents strongly believe that Accounting is perfectly suitable for girls,especially for the students who is fairly hard-working like her.And it's more easier to get a job when she graduates from unviersity compared with Language students.She really chose Accounting,though she didn't like it at all.Just because job,money stuff like that in the near future.Second,people in the 21 century are not satisfied with themselves.They desire more and wanna gain higher achievements.So they know what's exactly good for them.The things they like probably cannot bring about fame and money and reputation.In that case,they would rather do what they should do.Self-actualization is more important for people nowadays.From what we've discussed above,we can easily come to the conclusion that people today would like to spend more time on the things they should do instead of the things they like to do.Enjoyment and entertainment are of vital importance for people,but apparently,they subconsciously will not spend too much time on the things they should not do.People are getting serious and increasingly rational.TPO6独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Life today is easier and more comfortable than it was when your grandparents were children.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.TPO6独立写作范文：Compared with the past several decades, current lifestyle has changed a lot due to the development of science and technology. Despite some people may argue that it also leads to some negative effects, such as environmental pollution or more pressure, yet, in my opinion, life today is still more comfortable and easier than the past, since it brings more pros than cons in the following aspects.Firstly, Internet brings more conveniences to our life, which breaks away from conventional ways in different fields. For one thing, people can communicate with each other more freely, instead of merely sticking to face to face talk in reality. It is not only beneficial to keep harmony relationship with each other but also improve the efficiency of communication to some degree. For another, various kinds of information and stuff online contribute to building easier and more convenient lifestyle. People can obtain almost everything they want online, such as searching for information, studying, or shopping, which leaves out the trouble of going outside and walking through the crowd.Additionally, the improvement of transportation, involving multiple kinds of transportation, such as buses, trains and even airplanes, they not only improve efficiency of travel, which saves much more time within the same distance, but also ameliorate service mechanism in order to provide passengers more comfortable environment during their travel. Meanwhile, compared with the period when our grandparents were children, lower expenses attract more people to enjoy advantages brought by current relatively well-developed transportation.Admittedly, with the increase of life pace, people nowadays are struggling from more pressure in order to pursue better physical life as they attach more importance to their work, and accordingly have less time accompany with their families. However, more entertainmentresources, like bars, playgrounds or gyms, come out, which provide workers with more opportunities to relieve pressure and relax themselves. Moreover, as for those who cannot cope with stress by themselves, psychologists are always ready to help them. And people are active to find tradeoff between pressure and life in the feedback.Overall, though we cannot ignore the negative influences in life today, we still need to be optimistic and positive enough to enjoy the better living standards due to the remarkably economic increase and the development of technology.托福TPO7独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO7独立写作范文：When studying at school, students are always forced to understand arduous theories, which make them so perplexed that people gradually hold the view that it is enough for students to learn facts rather than understand ideas and concepts. However, from my perspective, ideas and concepts make the base for facts, that's why ideas and concepts are equally significant to facts.Firstly, only when students know the ideas and concepts can they be able to understand the facts. If they only learn the facts, what they remember is just what happened not why it happened. For example, when I was in primary school, one day I found the rainbow was colorful with various kinds of colors, and I thought it was painted by someone flying in the sky. Fortunately, in a physics class, my teacher told us that the formation of a rainbow depends on water and sunlight, then I realized that what I originally thought was totally wrong. After figuring out the concept, I could even make up a rainbow by myself. From the former experience, it is obvious that learning ideas and concepts help students understand facts instead of letting them believe in wrong thoughts.Secondly, ideas and concepts lead to more methods to solve problems. When facing problems, what people need to do is to find out the source rather than trap in the same place. If people know where the problems come out, they can come up with a corresponding solution to the point. When cancer was first discovered, what people knew was that it was a strange disease without reasons. After several years of discovering, scientists finally came to the conclusion that it was because of genetic disruption. With such a discovery and concept, doctors are able to treatpatients with different valid ways rather than just try everything they have used, and cancer becomes a illness which can be cured.Admittedly, learning facts is an effective way to acquire new knowledge and apply it to work with a fast speed. Nevertheless, during campus life, learning basic ideas and concepts wins over adapting to work. When students become employees, they will have numerous chances to learn facts, but they will never have a second opportunity to investigate a pure idea or concept. Therefore, the best way to cherish education is to learn basic knowledge.In a nutshell, compared with facts, ideas and concepts are more important in schools for they play a key role in forming students' ways of thinking, so I firmly agree with the statement.托福TPO8独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Television advertising directed towards young children (aged two to five) should not be allowed.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO8独立写作范文：With the development of the mass media, advertisements become more attractive to many companies. Television advertising is always the most popular way to attract more customers, for it shows or illustrates the products and their functions more directly and vividly. And nowadays as parents show more love to their children, companies make all efforts to advertise directly to young children, which can "persuade" parents to pay more for their children and gain more profits. However, as far as I am concerned, I strongly believe that it is harmful to young children when television advertising directed towards to them. There are two reasons to illustrate my opinion.First and foremost, television advertising should not be directed towards to young children, for children lack the ability to identify good or bad. The children at the age from two to five are too young to tell the good from the bad, which will lead them to make the wrong choices. As advertisement agencies are good at taking advantages of high technology, young children are easily attracted by the colorful and lively ads and are lured to buy something useless or harmful to them. For instance, the advertisements of chewing gums are always dramatic and fantastic, which easily please young children with imaging the joy of chawing those chewing gums. Then the children will keep bothering their parents for buying them chewing gums. However, since chewing gums are made of several chemical compounds which have some bad effects on children's health, young children are actually harmed by these advertisements and their products.Some young children even died because they suddenly choked when they chawed chewing gums. Therefore, to some degree, television advertising directed towards the young children is not only a waste of parent's money, but also harmful to young children's health.In the second place, television advertising directed towards to young children means that young children are more attracted by television programmes, which is harmful to their eyesight and interfering to foster their social communications. According to some research, more and more children become shortsighted at younger age than before, because of watching television too much. In addition, as the childhood is the best and essential time to acquire basic skills, if young children are absorbed in television programmes, they will lack a lot of chances to get along with others and make new friends. This is particularly not beneficial to foster their social communication skills, which will have bad influence on their life-long development. Hence, television advertising should not be directed towards young children.All in all, television advertising directed towards young children (aged two to five) should not be allowed, for it not only is harmful to their health, but also has bad effects on their self-development.托福TPO9独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO9独立写作范文：Are our kids becoming lazier and less creative, less imaginable than before as a consequence of highly advanced technology? My answer is no, and just the opposite, technology has apparently assisted our kids to become more creative.First and foremost, technology has provided children with easy access to scientific and liberal art resources which is their best source of inspiration. For example, children could now easily gain access to academic databases through iPad screen, read classical works on Kindle, or watch historic documents on Internet. These great works are essentially helpful to arousing their curiosity and prepares them with key knowledge necessary for any creation. However, these wonderful equipments and facilities are never as handy in the past, when kids could only reach limited resources in public libraries or schools. In this sense, technology has provided the possibility for children to be more creative.Second, technology has equipped children with professional apparatus which could finally realize their imagination. This takes form particularly as computer softwares and applications, such as Photoshop for creative graphic design, Overture for easily composing a piece of music,3DMax for building up a virtual world, etc. All the softwares were never as handy as they are at present, and this would absolutely provide our children an effective tool for realizing their creativity.Third, technology itself is a market place where creative ideas are economically encouraged. Steve Jobs earned millions of dollars a year for his unparalleled creation, and Mark Zuckberg gained his reputation for the genius social network. Therefore, technology has provided children the internal motive to develop their creativity.However, it is undeniable that technology might make children become lazier and be comfortable with what is already available because everything is so convenient nowadays and there seems to be no way to improve them. Children lost in pc games or blindly pursuing every single piece of tech apparatus is a relevant example. Thus, it is always necessary to keep children’s mind active in the marvelous world of technology.In a nutshell, I still regard children as becoming increasingly creative in technology development, although it might bring minor side effect. As long as we keep a balanced mood on children enjoying the fruit of technology, they are sure to contribute more to innovation than in the past.托福TPO10独立写作题目：Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Playing computer games is a waste of time. Children should not be allowed to play them.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO10独立写作范文：Nowadays more and more families have personal computers at home, and children are more likely to expose to the computers at a very young age. As a result, many computer games are available for children in recent years. Many people are concerned about this fact and they believe playing computer games is a waste of time. However, I couldn’t disagree with this view of point more since I believe playing computer games could somehow benefit children.First off, playing computer games offers children another way to meet more people and gain communication ability. Nowadays many computer games, such as World of War craft, need cooperation among lots of people. Children who involved in such kind of games have extra accessto gaining social abilities. They can learn how to communicate efficiently with each other while playing.Furthermore, playing computer games could help to improve children’s intelligence. This means that children who play games may be cleverer than their peers and can learn more things without suffer. Many games available today, such as Angry Birds, really need some knowledge and deep thought so that you could complete the tasks. Under this circumstance, children can be better at solving problems and smarter in the future.What’s more, comput er games can be a very good way for relaxation. Children is modern society usually have more pressure and are more burdensome. By playing computer games, they can forget their worries and relax themselves. Their mind will be refreshed and they may be better at their work. However, I have to admit that some children are just addicted to computer games and they waste their entire time sitting in front of the computers. In addition, there are many computer games which contain lots of violent scene which is harmful to children. Anyway, these problems can be solved by letting parents to supervise their children about what is the proper game to play.All in all, I draw the conclusion that computer games can benefit children by offering opportunities to gain social abilities, improving intelligence and relaxing. Computer games are good things to enrich a child’s life rather than ruin it.托福TPO11独立写作题目：Question:Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with?Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO11独立写作范文：Internet must be one of the greatest inventions during the 20th century. It shortens the distance between people all over the world by providing various kinds and large amounts of information. In my point of view, I agree that Internet can provide a lot of valuable information, which would benefit us in the long run without troubling at all.By surfing through the Internet, we can get large quantities of useful skills, which can benefit ourselves, from the information that is available on the Internet. Learning these skills can help us keep healthy, gain more money or even improve our living standard. In my country, there used to be some isolated villages, where books and knowledge are hard to spread. People living in these villages lack the basic skills to have a good harvest and they live in the really poor condition.。
TPO31综合写作范文及分析
TPO31综合写作范文Reading Passage：A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx,preserved in volcanic ash,was discovered in Liaoning,China,in1996.Interestingly,the fossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones.Some paleontologists interpret the lines as evidence that Sinosauropteryx had feathers.However,critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was a feathered dinosaur, citing several reasons.1996年一只名为Sinosauropteryx(中华龙鸟）的掩埋在火山灰内的恐龙的化石骨架于中国辽宁被发现。
很有趣的是，这个化石中的恐龙骨架周围有一层细纹图案。
一些古生物学家把这些细纹作为中华龙鸟带有翅膀的证据。
但是，批评者通过列举以下原因来反对中华龙鸟是带翼恐龙这样一个观点。
First,the critics points out that the fine lines may not even represent functional structures of a living dinosaur,but rather structures that were formed after the animal’s death.After the animal died and was buried in volcanic ash,its skin may have decomposed into fibers.The skin fibers then became preserved as lines in the fossil;the lines were misinterpreted as evidence of feathers.首先，批评者指出这些细纹甚至不一定表明了一个活着的恐龙的功能结构，而只是恐龙死后所形成的结构。
托福【综合】写作TPO31题目+解析
今天，小编为托福考生们准备了托福综合写作TPO31,希望各位考生们在TPO写作真题里能够得到锻炼，祝广大托福考生能够取得理想成绩。
托福TPO31综合写作 Reading Part:A fossil skeleton of a dinosaur called Sinosauropteryx, preserved involcanic ash, was discovered in Liaoning, China, in 1996. Interestingly, thefossil included a pattern of fine lines surrounding the skeletal bones. Somepaleontologists interpret the lines as evidence that Sinosauropteryx hadfeathers. However, critics have opposed the idea that Sinosauropteryx was afeathered dinosaur, citing several reasons.First, the critics points out that the fine lines may not even representfunctional structures of a living dinosaur, but rather structures that wereformed after the animal’s death. After the animal died and was buried involcanic ash, its skin may have decomposed into fibers. The skin fibers thenbecame preserved as lines in the fossil; the lines were misinterpreted asevidence of feathers.Second, even if the fine lines are remains of real structures of aSinosauropteryx, scientists cannot tell with certainty what part of thedinosaur’s anatomy the structures were. Many dinosaurs had frills, ornamentalfan-shaped structures growing out of some parts of their bodies. Some of thecritics argue that the lines surrounding the skeleton are much more likelyto be fossilized remains of frills than remains of feathers.A third objection is based on the fact that the usual functions of feathersare to help animals fly or regulate their internal temperature. However, thestructures represented by the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil were mostlylocated along the backbone and the tail of the animal. This would have made the structures quite useless for flight and of very limited use in thermoregulation. This suggests that the lines do not represent feathers.托福TPO31综合写作 Listening Part:The evidence that the lines in the Sinosauropteryx fossil representfeathers is very strong. The arguments of the critics are unconvincing.First, it is unlikely that the lines are a result of the decomposition ofthe dinosaur ’s skin, because we don’t see any such decomposition in the fossils of other animals buried at the same site. In fact, the fossils of many other animals buried at the site show evidence that their functional skin structures have been beautifully preserved in volcanic ash. The well-preserved condition of the other fossils makes it likely that the Sinosauropteryx’s lines are also well-preserved functional structures, possibly feathers, and that they are not fibers caused by decomposition.Second, the idea that the lines represent frills… well, there is animportant chemical difference between feathers and frills. Feathers contain a great deal of a protein called Beta-keratin. Frills, on the other hand, do not contain beta-keratin. Our chemical analyses suggest that the Sinosauropteryx structures did contain beta-keratin. So that indicates that the structures were feathers, not frills.Third, feathers can be used for other functions than flight and thermoregulation. Think of a bird, like peacock, for example. The peacock has long, colorful feathers in its tail. And it displays its tail in order to attract a mate. That’s a distinct function of feathers called the display。
托福TPO31综合写作及材料原文 (细选2篇)
托福TPO31综合写作及材料原文(细选2篇)托福TPO31综合写作及材料原文1托福TPO31综合写作及材料原文2新托福TPO11综合写作材料及2A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature – novels, plays, and poems –than they used to. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for the future of literature itself.最近的研究显示人们，尤其是年轻人不再像以前那样爱读想小说、喜剧或者诗歌这类文学作品了。
这个现象是令人担忧的。
这是因为这对广大读者受众、对广义文化以及对于文学本身未来的发展都是非常不幸的。
While there has been a decline in book reading generally, the decline has been especially sharp for literature. This is unfortunate because nothing else provides the intellectual stimulation that literature does. Literature encourages us to exercise our imaginations, empathize with others, and expand our understanding of language. So, by reading less literature, the reading public is missing out on important benefits.在书籍阅读量下降的大气候下，文学类书籍阅读量下降更为明显。
tpo31口语task4范文
tpo31口语task4范文英文回答：In my opinion, it is important to have a hobby or an activity that I enjoy doing in my free time. Having a hobby not only helps me relax and unwind, but it also provides me with a sense of fulfillment and satisfaction. One of my favorite hobbies is playing the guitar.Playing the guitar has always been a passion of mine. I started playing when I was in high school and have been hooked ever since. Whenever I have some free time, I pick up my guitar and start strumming the strings. It is a great way for me to express myself and let go of any stress or worries.Not only does playing the guitar help me relax, but it also allows me to connect with others. I have joined alocal band and we often perform at different events and venues. It is a wonderful feeling to see the audienceenjoying our music and singing along. Music has a way of bringing people together and creating a sense of unity.中文回答：在我看来，拥有一个我喜欢的爱好或活动是很重要的。
托福TPO31独立写作题目文本+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO31独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO31独立写作题目原文： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy or less satisfied with their lives than people were in the past. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO31独立写作满分范文： In modern society, there is no denying that our paces speed up. A small proportion of people who cannot keep up with this trend or resist the world for the fittest, may hold a viewpoint that a mutable society leads people to less satisfaction and mitigation of sense of happiness since such a world might cause the alienation between good fellows and contamination of our environment; however, in my view, it is not the case. As a matter of fact, in a world changing more rapidly, people tend to become satisfied much more easily. First illustration which can demonstrate my opinion can be the trail of technological development. In the past five decades, millions of new inventions had appeared, entering our daily life, making it much more convenient. To name a good example, in 1896,Benz assembled the first three-wheel car in the world. Though it brought accidents and mortality to the world, we cannot deny the enjoyment of ferocious speed brought by cars, which made our jaunt convenient. We can simply drop by a old friend 100 miles, a distance taking at least half day before, away in one hour. Another good instance is the invention of smart phone. in 1972, Martin, the chief engineer in Moto devised the first portable telephone. Then, this innovation revolutionized out life. Just simply imagine what our life looked like without cell phones: people could not keep contact with their friends and exigent messages might be blocked. Then in 2007, Steve Jobs brought iPhone with Facetime to the world. The most significant aspect of Facetime is that this app allows us to communicate with actual image, not just voices. Then, how can we state that modern society steals the sense of fraternity among people? Second demonstration which can help me develop my view that a rapidly changing society makes people more satisfied is the use of new energy resources. We may still remember the Great Smog, one of the gravest air pollution accidents in our history due to the heavily gathered inversion layer of sulfur dioxide originated with burning of coal in 1950s, London. People died of respiratory diseases after inhalation of poisonous air. How can they live happily in a world brimmed with pollutions? Butnowadays, we have developed new energy resources to tackle this problem such as hydropower and wind power. To name an example, in 2007, nuclear power plants generate 14% of the total electricity of the US, thus saving tons of coals and reducing the level of inhalable particles. Recently, governments and organizations have taken measures to support researches of renewable resources and to find substitutes for fossil fuels. Natural reserves and sanctuaries are established, places of interest and spots are refurbished, and factories and manufacturers with pestilent exhaust are shut down. People therefore are provided with much more opportunities to relax by enjoying the beauty of nature. To draw a conclusion, in a world that is rapidly changing, we are offered a variety of brand-new experiences and highly evolved products, which make life much easier than before. We are in a world filled with convenience brought by high technologies that develop so fast. Then, how can we blame on the changing world while enjoying happiness and satisfactions originated from them? 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO31独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
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托福TPO31独立写作题目Question:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy or less satisfied with their lives than people were in the past.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
托福TPO31独立写作范文：
In modern society, there is no denying that our paces speed up. A small proportion of people who cannot keep up with this trend or resist the world for the fittest, may hold a viewpoint that a mutable society leads people to less satisfaction and mitigation of sense of happiness since such a world might cause the alienation between good fellows and contamination of our environment; however, in my view, it is not the case. As a matter of fact, in a world changing more rapidly, people tend to become satisfied much more easily.
First illustration which can demonstrate my opinion can be the trail of technological development. In the past five decades, millions of new inventions had appeared, entering our daily life, making it much more convenient. To name a good example, in 1896,Benz assembled the first three-wheel car in the world. Though it brought accidents and mortality to the world, we cannot deny the enjoyment of ferocious speed brought by cars, which made our jaunt convenient. We can simply drop by a old friend 100 miles, a distance taking at least half day before, away in one hour. Another good instance is the invention of smart phone. in 1972, Martin, the chief engineer in Moto devised the first portable telephone. Then, this innovation revolutionized out life. Just simply imagine what our life looked like without cell phones: people could not keep contact with their friends and exigent messages might be blocked. Then in 2007, Steve Jobs brought iPhone with Facetime to the world. The most significant aspect of Facetime is that this app allows us to communicate with actual image, not just voices. Then, how can we state that modern society steals the sense of fraternity among people?
Second demonstration which can help me develop my view that a rapidly changing society makes people more satisfied is the use of new energy resources. We may still remember the Great Smog, one of the gravest air pollution accidents in our history due to the heavily gathered inversion layer of sulfur dioxide originated with burning of coal in 1950s, London. People died of respiratory diseases after inhalation of poisonous air. How can they live happily in a world brimmed with pollutions? But nowadays, we have developed new energy resources to tackle this problem such as hydropower and wind power. To name an example, in 2007, nuclear power plants generate 14% of the total electricity of the US, thus saving tons of coals and reducing the level of inhalable particles. Recently, governments and organizations have taken measures to support researches of renewable resources and to find substitutes for fossil fuels. Natural reserves and sanctuaries are established, places of interest and spots are refurbished, and factories and manufacturers with pestilent exhaust are shut down. People therefore are provided with much more opportunities to relax by enjoying the beauty of nature.
To draw a conclusion, in a world that is rapidly changing, we are offered a variety of brand-new experiences and highly evolved products, which make life much easier than before. We are in a world filled with convenience brought by high technologies that develop so fast. Then, how can we blame on the changing world while enjoying happiness and satisfactions originated from them?。