综合支持量_AggregateMeasureofSupport_AMS_
Autodesk Nastran 2022 用户手册说明书
MPA, MPI (design/logo), MPX (design/logo), MPX, Mudbox, Navisworks, ObjectARX, ObjectDBX, Opticore, Pixlr, Pixlr-o-matic, Productstream,
Publisher 360, RasterDWG, RealDWG, ReCap, ReCap 360, Remote, Revit LT, Revit, RiverCAD, Robot, Scaleform, Showcase, Showcase 360,
TrueConvert, DWG TrueView, DWGX, DXF, Ecotect, Ember, ESTmep, Evolver, FABmep, Face Robot, FBX, Fempro, Fire, Flame, Flare, Flint,
ForceEffect, FormIt, Freewheel, Fusion 360, Glue, Green Building Studio, Heidi, Homestyler, HumanIK, i-drop, ImageModeler, Incinerator, Inferno,
Autodesk Nastran 2022
Reference Manual
Nastran Solver Reference Manual
WTO词汇(中英翻译对照)
关贸总协定，世界贸易组织的前身GATT （General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade）世界贸易组织WTO （World Trade Organization）乌拉圭回合Uruguay Round最惠国待遇（现通常称"正常贸易关系"）MFN（most-favored-nation）treatment争端解决机构dispute settlement body《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU （Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes）《北美自由贸易协定》NAFTA （North American Free Trade Agreement）东盟自由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area东部和南部非洲共同市场COMESA （Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa）反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against…非配额产品quota-free products非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment国际收支balance of international payments/ balance of payment实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to瓶颈制约"bottleneck" restrictions非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）ACP （African，Caribbean and Pacific Group）（补贴协议）可诉补贴actionable subsidy上诉机构appeal body基础税率base tariff level国际收支条款BOP（Balance-of-payments）Provisions既定日程built-in agenda约束水平bound level（欧盟）共同农业政策Common Agriculture Policy规避circumvention反补贴税countervailing duty交叉报复cross retaliation海关完税价值customs values环保型技术EST（Environmentally-sound technology）出口实绩export performance出口补贴export subsidy粮食安全food security免费搭车者（享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家）free-rider政府采购government procurement灰色区域措施grey area measuresWTO最不发达国家高级别会议HLM （WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs）协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）HS （Harmonized Commodity and Coding System）进口许可import licensing进口渗透import penetration最初谈判权（初谈权）INRs （Initial Negotiating Rights）知识产权IPRs （Intellectual property rights）最不发达国家LDCs （Least-developed countries）当地含量local content市场准入market access专门的营销机构market boards（服务贸易）自然人national person国民待遇national treatment（利益的）丧失和减损nullification and impairment（争端解决）专家组panel（《农业协议》中关于反补贴的）和平条款peace clause诸边协议plurilateral agreement（服务贸易）自然人流动presence of natural person生产补贴production subsidy消费膨胀inflated consumption慢性萧条chronic depression进口环节税import linkage tax北美自由贸易区NAFTA （North American Free Trade Area）全球配额global quota祖父条款grandfather clause贸易和投资自由化和便利化TILF （Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation）国际清算international settlement横向兼并horizontal merger垂直兼并vertical merger垃圾融资junk financing申报制度reporting system；income declaration system市场准人的行政管理措施AAMA （Administrative Aspects of Market Access）A2000 Agenda 2000年议程Abandoned Claims 被放弃的诉请Acceding Country 申请加入国Acceding Government 申请加入的政府Acceptable Level of Risk 可接受的风险水平Accession 加入Accession Country 加入国Accession Package 加入一揽子文件Accountancy Disciplines 会计准则Accounting Services 会计服务Accreditation 认可Accreditation and Approval 认可和批准Actionable Subsidy （补贴协议）可诉补贴Actual Dumping Margin 实际倾销幅度Actual Value 实际价值Actuarial Services 保险精算服务Actuarial Specialist 精算专家Ad valor tariff 从价税Ad Valorem Duty 从价税Ad Valorem Equivalent 从价等量Ad Valorem Subsidization 从价补贴Ad Valorem Tariff 从价关税Additional Commitments 额外承诺Additional Duty 额外关税Adjustment Cost 调整成本Administered Support Price 政府支持价格Administrative Action 行政行为Administrative Determinations 行政裁定Administrative Revocation 行政撤销Advance Deposit for Imports 预付进口押金Adverse Effects 不利影响Adverse Inferences 不利推断Advertising Services 广告服务Advisory Opinion 咨询性意见Affirmative 肯定裁决Affirmative Defense 积极抗辩Affirmative Determination 肯定性裁定Affirmative Finding 肯定性调查结果Afford Adequate Opportunity 提供充分机会After Sales Services 售后服务Agency Insurance Services 保险代理服务Agenda 22世纪议程Aggregate measure of support 综合支持量Aggressive Multilateralism 攻击性多边主义Aggressive Reciprocity 攻击性互惠Agreed database 各方都同意的数据库Agreed Exclusions 议定的例外Agreed Standard From 议定的标准格式Agreement on Agriculture 农业协定Agreement on Compensation 补偿协定Agricultural Integration 农业一体化Agriculture Protection Argument 农业保护论Air Transport Services 空运服务Alleged Dumping 被指控的倾销Alleged Injury 被指控的损害Alleged Subsidy 被指控的补贴Allocation of Quotas 配额分配Allowance for Waste 损耗Alternative Duty 选择税Amber Box Measures （农产品国内支持）黄箱措施Amendments to WTO Agreements 协定修改American Selling Price（ASP）美国销售价格Amicus Brief 法庭之友的书面陈述Amicus Curiae 法庭之友amount of subsidy 补贴数额AMS Disciplines 综合支持量纪律AMS Methodology 综合支持量方法Analogue Country 替代国Analytical Index 分析索引Ancillary Services 空运辅助服务Animal Welfare 动物福利Annual bound commitment 年度约束水平Anti-Circumvention 反规避Anti-Circumvention Action 反规避行动Anti-Competitive Practices 反竞争做法Anti-Dumping 反倾销Anti-Dumping Act 反倾销法Anti-Dumping Action 反倾销行动Anti-Dumping Agreement 反倾销协定Anti-Dumping Code 反倾销守则Anti-Dumping Complaint 反倾销申诉Anti-Dumping Duty 反倾销税Anti-Dumping Duty Order 反倾销税令Anti-Dumping Investigation 反倾销调查Anti-Dumping Law 反倾销法律Anti-dumping measures（AD,A-D）反倾销措施Anti-Dumping Penalty 反倾销补偿金Anti-Dumping Policy 反倾销政策Anti-Dumping Practice 反倾销实践Anti-Dumping Proceeding 反倾销程序Anti-Dumping Tribunal 反倾销调查裁决机关Anti-Globalization 反全球化Anti-Surge Clause 反激增条款Appeal （争端解决）上诉Appeals 上诉Appellate Body 上诉机构Appellate Body Report 上诉机构报告Appellate Review 上诉审查Appellations of Origin 原产地名称Appellee 被上诉方Applicant Contracting Party 申请缔约方Application Form 申请表格Application Procedures 申请程序Appraised Value 估定价值Appraisement 估价Appropriate Compensation 适当补偿Appropriate Countermeasures 适当反措施Appropriate Schedule 适当减让表Arbitration 仲裁Arbitration Award 仲裁裁决Architectural Services 建筑设计服务Archive Services 档案服务Arm’s Length Negotiations 公平谈判Arm’s Length Price 公平价格Arm’s Length Pricing 公平定价Arm’s Length Rate 公平利润率Arm’s Length Transaction 公平交易Artwork 工艺Assessment of Risk 风险评估Assessment of Tariff Offers 评估关税出价Assessment of the Origin 原产地预确定Asset Management 资产管理服务Assignment 转让Assignment Agreement 转让协议Assignor 转让人Assurance of Conformity 合格保证Asymmetrical Comparison 非对称比较At-the-Border Barriers 边境壁垒Audiovisual Service 视听服务Auditing Services 审计服务Automatic Import Licensing 自动进口许可Automatic Licensing 自动许可Autonomous Trade Regimes 自主贸易制度Average CIF Unit Value 平均到岸价Average Reference Price 平均参考价格Award 裁决A Reasonable Rate of Increase in Reserves储备增加的合理比率Abuse of Intellectual Property Rights滥用知识产权Access to Confidential Information对机密信息的获取Accident and Health Insurance services意外和健康保险服务Accounting, Auditing and Book-keeping Services会计、审计和簿记服务Acquisition or Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights知识产权的取得或维持Acts Occurring Prior to Date of Application of Agreement协议适用之日前发生的行为Actual Threat under Agreement on Textile and Clothing纺织品与服装协定中的实际威胁Ad Interim Reduction or Exemption of Customs Duties临时减少或豁免关税Ad Valorem Percentage Criterion从价百分比标准Additional Period of One Year under Multi-Fibre Agreement多种纤维安排中的延期一年Additional Written Memoranda附加书面备忘录Adequate and Enduring Technical Competence适当和持久的技术资质Administration of Trade Regulations贸易法规的实施Administrative Aspects of Market Access (AAMA)市场准入的行政管理措施Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS)（农产品）综合支持量Administrative Memorandum行政备忘录Administrative Procedures and Remedies行政程序和救济Administrative, Selling and General Costs管理、销售和一般费用Advisory and other Auxiliary Services金融咨询和其他附属服务Advisory, Intermediation Services金融咨询、中介服务Aggregate measurement of support （AMS ）（农业）综合支持量Agreement for Protection of International Investment国际投资保护协定Agreement on Textile and Clothing(ATC)纺织品与服装协定Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures(TRIMs) 与投资有关的贸易措施Agreements and Associated Legal Instruments协定及相关法律文件Agricultural Chemical Products农业化学物质产品Aircraft Repair and Maintenance Services航空器的维修和保养服务Allocation of Shares in the Quota配额中的份额分配Alternative Dispute Resolution争端解决的替代方式American Selling Price System of Valuation美国销售价格估价制度Amicus Submissions by NGOs非政府组织的法庭之友书面陈述Amount for Profit and General Expenses利润和一般费用总额Amount of a Subsidy in Terms of the Benefit to the Recipient以接受者所获利益形式的补贴金额An Inconsistency of a Serious Nature严重不符Andean Community安第斯共同体Annecy Round安纳西回合Annual and Final Bound Commitment Levels年度和最终约束承诺水平Annual Export Subsidy Commitment Levels出口补贴年度承诺水平Anti-Dumping Act of 19161916 年反倾销法Anti-Dumping Act of 19211921 年反倾销法Appellate Body Operating Fund(ABOF)上诉机构业务基金Application for Anti-Dumping Action反倾销调查申请Application of International Standards适用国际标准Application of Successive Treaties Relative to the Same Subject-Matter 后续条约的适用Applications Specialist系统应用专家Appropriate Level of Sanitary or Phytosanitary Protection卫生或植物卫生保护的适当水平Arbitrary or Fictitious Customs Values武断或虚构的海关价格Area of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence病虫害低度流行区Arrangements for Consultation and Cooperation磋商与合作安排Article 2 Exemptions第 2 条例外Article 21.5 Panel第21.5 款专家组Article 22.6 Arbitration第22.6 款仲裁Assistance for Research Activities研究活动补助Associated Foreign Direct Investment关联外国直接投资Assured Life of the Schedules减让表的有效期Attribution of Serious Damage in ATC纺织品与服装协定中严重损害的归因Audio Visual Service Negotiations in the Uruguay Round 乌拉圭回合中的视听服务谈判Authoritative Interpretation of Provisions适用协定规定的权威性解释Automated System for Customs Date(ASYCUDA)海关数据自动化系统Automatic Import Licensing Procedures自动进口许可程序Auxiliary Financial Services附属金融服务B‘Bottleneck’restrictions 瓶颈制约Background and Authority 背景与主管机关Balance of payment(BOP) 国际收支Base Levels 基础水平Base Period 基期Base tariff level 基础税率Base Total AMS 基期综合支持总量Basic Agricultural Product 基本农产品Basic Telecommunications 基础电信Basket Tariff Quota 一揽子关税配额Benchmark Price 基准价格Benefit Accruing 获得的利益Benefit to the Recipient 给予受益人的利益Benefits of Trade 贸易利益Bidding Quotation 投标报价Bilateral Agreement 双边协定配额Bilateral Emergency Basis 双边应急基础Bilateral Investment 双边投资Bilateral Quota 双边配额Bilateral Tax Treaty 双边税收条约Bilateral Trade 双边贸易Bilateral Trade Agreement 双边贸易协定Bilateralism 双边主义Binding Commitments 约束承诺Binding of Duty Rates 关税税率约束Binding of Duty Treatment 关税待遇约束Blair House Accord 布莱尔宫协定Blue Box 蓝箱Blue Box measures （农业国内支持）“蓝箱措施”Blue box policies 蓝箱政策Board Tariff Reduction 广泛关税减让Bonded Factory 保税工厂BOP Provisions 国际收支条款Border Measures 边境措施Border Tax 边境税Border tax adjustments (BTA) 边境税调整Bound level 约束水平Bound MFN Rate 约束最惠国关税率Bound Schedule 约束税率表Bound tariff rates 约束税率Bounty 奖励Breach of Confidence 泄密Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系Broadband Services 宽带服务Broadcasting Organization 广播组织Broking Services 经纪服务Brussels Declaration 布鲁塞尔宣言Building Block System 板块系统方法Building Codes 建筑法规Building-Cleaning Services 建筑物清洁服务Built in agenda 既定日程Built-in agenda （WTO）既定议程Built-In Swing 调用Burden of Proof 举证责任Business Exception 商业例外Business Practice 商业实践Business Support Services 商务支持服务But for Test “若非”标准Buying Commission 购买佣金Backdoor Protectionism后门保护主义Balance of Rights and Obligations under ATC纺织品与服装协定下权利和义务的平衡Balance-of-Payments Consultations国际收支磋商Balance-of-Payments Difficulties国际收支困难Balance-of-payments provisions国际收支条款Banking and Related Financial Services银行及相关金融服务Basel Convention《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）Basic Instruments and Selected Documents（BISD）（GATT）《基本文件资料选编》Basic Telecommunication Services基础电信服务Basic Telecommunications Operator基础电信运营商Belgian Family Allowances比利时家庭补助案Berne Convention《伯尔尼公约》（《保护文学艺术作品的伯尔尼公约》）Best Information Available可获得的最佳信息bilateral investment treaties (BIT)双边投资协定Bilateral Trade and Payments Agreements双边贸易与支付协定Board Tariff Cutting Formula划一削减公式Border Enforcement of IPR知识产权的边境执法Bound Free Duty约束免税待遇Branch or Representative Office分公司或代表处Brief Summary of Legal Basis of Complaint申诉的法律根据摘要Brief Summary of Legal Basis of Complaint诉请的法律根据摘要Brussels Definition of Value(BDV)布鲁塞尔对价值的定义Budgetary Commitment Levels预算支出承诺水平Budgetary Outlay Reduction Commitments预算支出削减承诺Burden of Proof in Non-Violation Nullification or Impairment Claims 非违反之诉的举证责任Burden Shifting Where Quantity Exported Exceeds Commitments举证责任转移Business Confidential Information商业秘密信息CCairns Group 凯恩斯集团Cairns Group 凯恩斯集团Cancellation 注销Cancellation of Registration 注销注册Capital Expenditure 资本支出Capital Subsidy 资本补贴Captive Production 内部生产Cargo Handling Services 货物装卸服务Carry Forward 借用Carry Over 留用Cash Deposit 保证金Causal Factors 因果关系要素Causality 因果关系Causation 因果关系Cause Shown 陈述的理由Ceiling Tax Rate 最高税率Certificate of Origin 原产地证书Certification Systems 认证体系Challenge Procedures 质疑程序Channels of Commerce 商业渠道Charge 费用Chronic depression 慢性萧条Circumvention 规避Circumvention by Transshipment 转运规避Civil Aircraft Products 民用航空器产品Claim 权利请求Claims 诉请Claims Versus Arguments 诉请与论据Clothing 服装Collective Action 集体行动Combined tariff 混合税Commencement of Appeal 上诉的开始Commercial Considerations 商业考虑Commercial Exhibition 商业性放映Commercial Exploitation 商业性利用Commercial Level 商业水平Commercial presence （服务贸易）商业存在Commercial Rental 商业性出租Commercial Services 商业服务Commission and Brokerage 佣金和经纪费Common Agriculture Policy 共同农业政策Common Quota 共同配额Common Register 共同登记机构Communications Services 通讯服务Comparable Price 可比价格Compensation 补偿Compensation Negotiation 补偿谈判Compensation Trade 补偿贸易Compensatory Adjustment 补偿性调整Competition policy 竞争政策Compilations of Date 数据汇编Complaining Party (解决争端)申诉方Complaint 申诉Complaint Procedure 申诉程序Compliance 符合Compliance Report 执行专家组报告Comprehensive 全面报告Compulsory Licensing 强制许可Computed Value 计算价格Computed Value Method 计算价格估价方法Computer Programs 计算机程序Computer Services 计算机服务Concealed Dumping 隐蔽倾销Concession Negotiation 减让谈判Concurrence 同意意见Conditional Appeal 附条件上诉Conditions of Competition 竞争条件Conduct of Business 处事规则Confidential Information 机密信息Conflict of Interest 利益冲突Conformity Assessment 合格评定Consensus 协商一致Consensus Minus 除了……协商一致Consignment Requirements 运输条件Consolidated Notification 综合通知书Consolidated Schedules 综合减让表Constituent Territories 组成领土Constitutional Procedures 宪法程序Constructed Export Price 推定出口价格Constructed Value 推定价值Constructive Remedies 建设性救济措施Consular Transactions 领事事项Consultation 磋商Consultation Procedures 磋商程序Consulting Country 参与磋商的国家Consulting Member 参与磋商的成员方Consumer Preference 消费者偏好Consumption Abroad （服务贸易）境外消费Contracting parties （GATT）缔约方Conventional Tariff 协定关税Conversion of Duties 关税转换Converted Concessions 转换的关税减让Copyright 版权Copyright Piracy 盗版Copyright Protection 版权保护Copyright Works 版权作品Corrective Measures 纠正措施Cost Date 成本数据Costs and Charges 成本和费用Counsel 法庭律师Counter purchase 反向购买Counter trade 补偿贸易Counterclaim 反诉Counter-Complaint 反诉诉状Counterfeit Goods 假冒商品Counterfeiting 假冒Countermeasures 反措施Counter-notification 反向通知Countervailing Charge 反补贴指控Countervailing Duty Action 反补贴税行动Countervailing Duty Law 反补贴税法Countervailing Duty Order 征收反补贴税令Countervailing Duty Rate 反补贴税率Countervailing duty（CVD）反补贴税Countervailing Measures 反补贴措施Country-of-Origin Marking 原产地标记Courier Services 快递服务Course of Trade 贸易过程Covered Agreements 适用协定Criminal Procedures 刑事程序Criteria for Patentability 授予专利的标准Critical Circumstances 危急情况Crop Insurance Scheme 农作物保险计划Cross border supply （服务贸易）跨境交付Cross Border Trade 跨境贸易Cross check 交叉核实Cross Licensing 交叉许可Cross retaliation 交叉报复Cross-Cutting Issues 跨领域议题Cultural exception 文化例外Cumulation 累积Cumulation of Injury 损害积累Cumulative Assessment 累积评估Cumulative Indirect Taxes 累积间接税Cumulative Injury 累积的损害Cumulative Injury Assessment 累积损害评估Cumulative Market Disruption 累积市场扰乱Cumulative Rules of Origin 累计原产地规则Cumulative Subsidies 累计补贴Currency Conversion 货币换算Currency retention scheme 货币留成制度Currency Retention Schemes 货币保留方案Current Access Commitments 现行准入承诺Current Total AMS （农业）现行综合支持Customary Business Practice 传统商业惯例Customary International Law 国际习惯法Customs Act 海关法Customs Administration 海关当局Customs Area 海关境域Customs Barriers 关税壁垒Customs Bonded Warehouse 海关保税仓库Customs Border 关境Customs Cooperation 海关合作Customs Documentation 海关文件Customs Drawback 海关退税Customs Duties 海关关税Customs Duty 关税Customs Duty 关税免除Customs Enforcement 海关执法Customs Fee 海关规费Customs Frontier 关税边境Customs House 海关Customs Nomenclature 海关税则目录Customs Statistics 海关统计Customs Supervision and Control 海关监管Customs Surveillance Zone 海关监管区Customs Tariff 海关税则Customs union（CU）关税同盟Customs Valuation 海关估价Customs value 海关完税价值Customs-Free Area 关税自由区Cyclical Dumping 周期性倾销Calculation of Aggregate Measurement of Support 综合支持量的计算Calculation of Current Total AMS现行综合支持总量的计算Capable of Industrial Application工业实用性Central Government Authority中央政府当局Central Government Body中央政府机构Central Government Standardizing Body中央政府标准化机构Centrally Planned Economy中央计划经济体Centrally Planned Economy Countries中央计划经济国家Certificate of Origin Form 59A原产地证书格式59ACertificate of Origin Form A原产地证书格式AChallenges to Validity对有效性提出异议Change in Relative Shares of the Market市场相对份额的变化Change in Tariff Classification税则归类改变Change of Tariff Classification Criterion税则归类改变标准Charge on the Public Account公共账户的支出Circuit-Switched Data Transmission Services电路交换数据传输服务Circumstances of Extreme Urgency极端紧急情况Circumvention of Anti-Dumping Duty Measures对反倾销征税措施的规避Circumvention of Export Subsidy Commitments 规避出口补贴承诺Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies 民事和行政程序与救济Clean Report of Findings检验结果清洁报告书Code on Import Licensing Procedures进口许可程序守则Coercive Package Licensing强制的一揽子许可Collegiality Among Appellate Body Members共同决定Combination of Know Design Features已知设计特征组合Commercial Terms and Conditions商业条款和条件Commercially Traded Services商业性服务贸易Commission Agent’s Services佣金代理服务Commitments on National Treatment国民待遇承诺Commitments on Support and Protection支持和保护的承诺Common Agricultural Policy(CAP)（欧盟）共同农业政策Communications with Panel/Appellate Body与专家组或上诉机构的联系Competence of Panel to Hear a Dispute专家组审理争端案件的权限Computer Reservation System Services(CRS)计算机订座系统服务Concession Initially Negotiated最初谈判的减让Concurrence of the Contracting Parties缔约方的同意Conditional Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment有条件的最惠国待遇Conditional National Treatment附条件的国民待遇Conditions and Terms of Sale销售的条件和条款Conditions, Limitations, Exceptions and Reservations 条件、限制、例外和保留Confidential Business Information机密商业信息Confidentiality of Consultations磋商的机密性Confidentiality of Information信息机密性Conformity Assessment Procedures合格评定程序Conformity Assessment Systems合格评定体系Consequences of Treaty Termination条约终止的后果Conservation of Exhaustible Natural Resources保护可用尽的自然资源Consolidated Tariff Schedules综合关税减让表Consolidated Tariff Schedules Database综合关税减让表数据库Construction and Related Engineering Services 建筑及相关工程服务Consular Invoices and Certificates领事发票和证书Consulting and other Business Services咨询和其他商务服务Consumer Subsidy Equivalent （CSE ）消费者补贴等值Consumption in Governmental供政府消费使用Contact Point for Information信息咨询点Container Station and Depot Services集装箱堆场服务Contingent Trade Remedy紧急贸易救济Contingent Trade Remedy应急贸易救济机制Continuing Application of GATT Schedules继续适用关税与贸易总协定减让表Contracting Parties Primarily Concerned主要有关缔约各方Contractual Joint Venture契约式合资企业Contractual Trade Regimes契约贸易制度Control, Inspection and Approval Procedures 控制、检查和批准程序Conventional Tariff System协定税则制度Copyright and Related Rights版权与相关权利Cottage Industry Products家庭手工业产品Cotton-Producing Exporting Members产棉出口成员Counterfeit Trademark Goods假冒商标商品Countervailing Duty Determinations关于反补贴税的决定Countervailing Duty Petition反补贴税调查诉请Countervailing Duty Proceedings反补贴税调查程序Country-Specific Derogations某些国家享受的例外Criteria for Eligibility for Protection享受保护的资格标准Criterion of Manufacturing or Processing Operation 制造或加工工序标准Critical Shortages of Foodstuffs粮食的严重缺乏Cross Border Supply of Services跨境提供服务Cross Border Trade in Services跨境服务贸易Cumulative Acquisition of Origin累计取得原产地Cumulative Assessment of Dumping对倾销的累积评估Customs Clearance Services海关清关服务Customs Warehousing Procedure海关保税仓库管理制度DDamage 损害Damage Difficult to Repair 难于补救的损害Damages 损害赔偿De Facto Discrimination 事实上的歧视De Facto Specificity 事实专向性De Jure 法律上的De Jure Discrimination 法律上的歧视De Minimis 微量允许De Minimis Dumping Margins 微量倾销幅度De Minimis Effects 微量影响De Minimis Imports微量进口De Minimis Modifications 微小修改De minimis provision 最低减让条款De Minimis Safeguard Rule 保障措施的微量规则De Minimis Standard 微量标准De Minimis Subsidies 微量补贴Debt Repayment 债务偿还Deceptive Practice 欺诈行为Decision Tree 决策树Decisive Guidance 决定性的指导Deductive Method 倒扣价格法Deductive Value 倒扣价格Deep Amber 黄箱政策Defendant ( 解决争端) 被诉方Degree of Tariff Binding 关税约束水平Delaying Tactics 拖延战术Delivery of a Service 服务的提供Denial of Benefits 利益的拒绝给予Denial of Entry of Goods 拒绝货物入境Dental Services 牙医服务Depress Prices(to) 压低价格Descriptive Characteristics 描述特征Descriptive Part 陈述部分Design Work 设计Designated Products 指定产品Designated Trading 指定经营Determination 裁决Determination of Dumping 倾销的确定Determination of Injury 损害的确定Determination of Origin 原产地确定Developing Country 发展中国家Development 开发Development Box 发展箱Development Costs 开发成本Deviation 偏离Differences in Commercial 不同商业水平Differential Duties 差别关税Differential Export 差别出口税Differential Income 差别收入税Differential Measures 差别措施Diffuse Reciprocity 扩散性互惠Dillon Round 狄龙回合Direct Discussions 直接对话Direct Discussions 直接交货Direct Income Support 直接收支持Direct Insurance 直接保险Direct Investment 直接投资Direct payment 直接支付Direct Subsidy 直接补贴Dirty Tariffication 肮脏的关税化Discretionary 裁量性立法Discrimination 歧视Discriminatory Pricing 歧视性定价Discussant 引导人Disguised Trade Barriers 变相贸易壁垒Dispersed Tariff Rate 分散型关税税率Dispute Settlement 争端解决Dispute Settlement Officer 争端解决官员Dispute Settlement Procedure 争端解决程序Dispute Settlement Registrar 争端解决登记人Disruptive Effects 扰乱性影响Disruptive Imports 扰乱性进口Dissent 反对意见Distinctiveness 显著性Distribution of Trade 贸易分配Distribution Services 分销服务Diversionary Dumping 移转倾销Doctrine of Comparative 比较成本说Doha Development Agenda 多哈发展议程Doha Work Programme 多哈工作计划Domestic Commodities 国内商品Domestic Content 当地成分要求Domestic Industry 国内产业Domestic Law 国内法Domestic Price 国内价格Domestic production 国内生产Domestic Products 国产产品Domestic Regulation 国内规制Domestic Subsidy 国内补贴Domestic support ( 农产品) 国内支持Double Counting 重复计算Double Deflation Method 双重紧缩方法Double Evart Formula 双重偏离公式Double Taxation 双重征税Downstream Dumping 下游倾销Downstream Product 下游产品Downstream Subsidy 下游补贴Draft Standard 标准草案Drawback Scheme 退税方案Dry Cleaning Services 干洗服务Dual Pricing 双重定价Dual Tariff 加重关税Dumped Exports 倾销出口产品Dumped Prices 倾销价格Dumping 倾销Dumping Duties 倾销税Dumping Margin 倾销幅度Dutiable Value 应税价格Duty 税收Duty Deferral Programme 关税缓征方案Duty Drawback 税收返还Duty Free 免税Duty Free Goods 免税货物Duty Free Quota 免税进口配额Duty–Free Treatment 免税待遇Dyeing and Colouring Services 染色服务EEco-Dumping 生态倾销Eco-Duties 环境税Eco-Labbeling 环境标签Economic Data 经济数据Economic Integration 经济一体化Economic Needs Test 经济需求测试Economic Policies 经济政策Economic Quantities 经济数量Economies in Transition 转型经济体Eco-Packaging 环保包装Eco-Protectionism 环境贸易保护主义Eco-Standards 环境标准Educational Tariff 培育关税Elastic Duties 弹性关税Electricity Reticulation 电力网络Electronic Commerce 电子商务Emergency Action 紧急行动Emergency Measures 紧急措施Emergency Tariff 紧急关税Empire Preferences 帝国特惠制Enabling Clause 授权条款Enabling Clause 授权条款End Product Criteria 最终产品标准Enforcement Committee 执法委员会Enforcement of Monopolies 垄断的实施Enforcement Procedures 实施程序Engineering Services 工程服务Enquiry Point 咨询点Entertainment Services 娱乐服务Environmental Dumping 环境倾销Environmental Programmes 环境计划Environmental Services 环境服务Environmental Subsidy 环境补贴Equitable Treatment 公平待遇Escalated Tariff 升级关税Escape Clause 免税条款Established Quota 既定配额Estoppel 禁止翻供Evidence 证据Ex ante 采取措施前Ex Officio Action 依职权的行动Ex Parte Communications 单方面联系Ex post 采取措施后Exception Measures 例外措施Exceptions to the Agreement 协议例外Exchange Action 外汇措施Exchange Dumping 外汇倾销Exchange Dumping Duty 外汇倾销税Exchange Risk Programmes 外汇风险计划Exchange Taxes 汇兑税Excise Duty 消费税Exclusion Order 排除令Exclusive Agents 独家代理商Exclusive Economic Zone 专属经济区Exclusive Export Rights 专属出口权Exclusive Import Rights 专属进口权Exclusive Marketing Rights 独占行销权Executive Branch 执行机构Executive Committee 执行委员会Exemption Treatment 豁免待遇Ex-Factory Level 出厂价水平Exhibits 清单Existing Programs 现有计划Expiry review 到期复审Explicit Consensus 协商一致Exploitation of a Patent 专利的使用Exploitation of the Works 作品的利用Export Competition 出口竞争Export Competitiveness 出口竞争力Export Contingency 出口相倚性Export Credit 出口信贷Export Credit Guarantee 出口信贷担保Export Credit Insurance 出口信贷保险Export Credit Practice 出口信贷做法Export Duty 出口税Export Performance 出口实绩Export Prohibitions 出口禁止Export Restrictions 出口限制Export Subsidies 出口补贴Export Unit Value 出口单位价值FFabrics 织物Fact and adversarial elements 事实和对抗性要素Fact Finding 事实认定Fact Versus Law 事实与法律Facts Available 可获得的事实Factual Abstract 事实概要Factual Presentation 事实陈述Fair Comparison 公平比较False Declarations 虚假陈述Favorable Balance of Trade 贸易顺差Feasible Methods 可行性方法Fees and Formalities 规费和手续Fees or other Charges 规费和其他费用Fibre Content 纤维成分Final Anti-Dumping Duty 最终反倾销税Final Anti-Dumping Measure 最终反倾销措施Final Countervailing Duty 最终反补贴税Final Determination 最终裁定Final decision 终裁Final Duties 最终税Final Liability for Payment 最终支付责任Final Panel Report 专家组的最终报告Final Provisions 最后条款Financial Contribution 财政资助Financial Leasing Services 金融租赁服务Financial Regulations 财务条例Financial Services 金融服务Finding of Serious Injury 严重损害的认定Findings （争端解决）调查结果Findings and Conclusions 调查结果和结论Findings of Facts 事实的调查结果First Regionalism 第一次区域主义浪潮Fiscal Incentives 财政激励Flat Rate Subsidy 统一费率补贴Flat Tariff Structure 单一关税结构Flexibility Provisions 灵活条款Follow-Down Dumping 诱发性倾销Food Aid Convention 粮食援助公约Food Security 粮食安全Food Security Box 粮食安全政策Food-Importing Group 粮食进口集团Foreign Exchange Arrangements 外汇安排Foreign Tax Credit 外国税收抵免Foreign Trade 对外贸易Foreign Trade Barriers 对外贸易壁垒Foreign Trade Financing 对外贸易融资Foreign Trade Law 对外贸易法Foreign Trade Zones(FTZs) 对外贸易区Foreign-Source Income 国外来源收入Forestall the Imminent Threat 防止紧迫威胁Forfeiture 没收Format of Evidence 证据的形式Formula Tariff Reductions 公式化关税减让Forward Markets 远期市场Four Freedoms 四项自由Fragmented Industries 零散产业Framework Agreements 框架协议Franchise Tax 特许权税Franchising Services 特许经营服务Free and Fair Trade 自由和公平贸易Free Imports 自由进口货物Free Trade 自由贸易Free trade area（FTA）自由贸易区Free Trade Zone（FTZ）自由贸易园区Free-rider 免费搭车者（享受待遇而不减让成员）Freight Dumping 运费倾销Freight Forwarding Services 货代服务Full Contracting Party 正式缔约方Fully Grant Form 完全捐赠形式Function of Panels 专家组的职能Fundamental Fairness 基本公正Fundamental Research 基础研究Further Processing 进一步加工GGATT a La Carte 关贸总协定的选择性承诺General Exception 一般例外General Expenses 一般费用General Safeguard Clause 一般保障条款Geneva Round 日内瓦回合。
amow指标数码源 -回复
amow指标数码源-回复AMOW指标是一种数码源指标，其用途是衡量和评估数码产品的综合性能。
在这篇文章中，我们将一步一步地回答关于AMOW指标的各个问题，并深入探讨其应用和意义。
第一步，我们先来了解什么是AMOW指标。
AMOW指标是“Average Measure of Workload”（工作负载平均值）的缩写，它是通过对数码产品在不同工作负载情况下的表现进行统计和计算得出的一个数值。
AMOW指标比起单一测试结果更加综合和具体，因此可以更准确地衡量和评估数码产品的性能水平。
接下来，我们需要了解AMOW指标的计算方法。
一般来说，AMOW指标通过将数码产品在不同工作负载下的各项性能指标加权平均得到。
具体而言，我们可以用下面的公式来计算AMOW指标：AMOW = (W1 x P1) + (W2 x P2) + ... + (Wn x Pn)其中，W表示每个工作负载的权重，P表示对应工作负载下的性能指标。
通过设定不同的权重值，我们可以根据实际需求来调整AMOW指标的重要性，从而更好地适应不同应用场景的需求。
第三步，我们来探讨AMOW指标的应用场景。
AMOW指标的主要应用场景是在评估和比较数码产品性能时使用。
通过对不同数码产品的AMOW指标进行比较，我们可以更全面地了解和评估其整体表现。
例如，在选购笔记本电脑时，我们可以比较不同品牌和型号的AMOW指标，以选择性能更高、更适合自己需求的产品。
另外，AMOW指标还可以应用在数码产品的改进和优化过程中。
我们可以通过降低某个工作负载的权重，来明确产品在不同应用场景下的性能状况，并针对性地进行改进。
这样一来，AMOW指标可以作为一个重要的参考指标，帮助产品开发团队更好地进行性能优化和产品迭代。
在最后一步，我们来谈谈AMOW指标的意义。
AMOW指标的意义在于提供了一个更全面、更准确的数码产品性能评估指标。
相比于传统的性能测试单一结果，AMOW指标能够更细致地展示数码产品在不同工作负载下的性能表现，使用户能够更好地了解产品的实际使用情况。
ERP系统需求说明书
×××制衣公司ERP系统需求说明书第1章编写目的 (5)编写目的 (5)1.1编写目的 (5)1.1.1功能目的 (5)1.1.2需求了解 (6)1.2项目背景 (6)1.2.1管理控制系统 (6)1.2.2**制衣有限公司 (6)1.2.3 (7)1.3适用对象及范围 (7)1.4设计依据 (7)1.5术语定义 (7)第2章总体需求描述 (8)2.1设计思想 (8)2.1.1功能设计思想 (8)2.1.2结构设计思想 (8)2.2性能指标 (11)2.3运行环境 (11)2.3.1网络与布线系统 (11)2.3.2硬件环境 (14)2.3.3软件环境 (14)第3章主要功能模块详细描述 (15)3.1系统架构 (15)3.1.1系统架构图 (15)3.2总体功能需求 (17)3.3各系统需求 (20)3.3.1仓库管理系统 (20)3.3.2销售管理系统 (23)3.3.3采购管理系统 (24)3.3.4财务管理系统 (25)3.3.5生产管理系统 (26)3.3.6外加工管理 (34)3.3.7报表中心 (34)3.3.8报警中心 (39)3.4基础设置与系统设置 (39)3.4.1基础设置内容 (39)3.4.2系统设置 (40)第4章子模块详细功能描述 (41)4.1仓库管理系统 (41)4.1.1仓库维护 (41)4.1.3形态转换（参见UFO） (42)4.1.4物料类别维护 (42)4.1.5原材料维护 (42)4.1.6成品维护 (43)4.1.7仓库管理员维护 (43)4.1.8移仓单维护 (43)4.1.9移位管理 (44)4.1.10盘点单维护 (44)4.1.11采购收货管理 (44)4.1.12领料管理 (45)4.1.13退料单维护 (45)4.1.14调整单维护 (45)4.1.15成品入库单维护 (46)4.1.16成品出货单维护 (46)4.1.17样品赠送单维护 (47)4.1.18成品收料单维护 (47)4.1.19成品退库单维护 (47)4.1.20退货重整单维护 (48)4.1.21原材料退库管理 (48)4.1.22调拨单维护 (48)4.2采购管理系统 (49)4.2.1供应商维护 (49)4.2.2采购员维护 (49)4.2.3采购订单维护 (50)4.2.4采购管理系统查询、报表 (50)4.3生产管理系统 (51)4.3.1生产计划管理 (51)4.3.2物料需求管理 (51)4.3.3生产流程管理 (51)4.4销售管理系统 (51)4.4.1销售合约维护 (51)4.4.2销售订单维护 (52)4.4.3客户建档 (52)4.4.4销售业务员管理 (52)4.4.5退货申请单 (53)4.4.6收款单 (53)4.4.7退货单 (53)4.4.8销售管理系统查询与报表 (54)4.5系统维护 (54)4.5.1系统初始化 (54)4.5.3数据导入 (54)4.5.4数据导出 (54)4.5.5用户组维护 (54)4.5.6用户维护 (55)4.5.7用户密码维护 (55)4.5.8用户权限维护 (55)4.5.9组权限维护 (55)4.6工作桌面 (56)第5章其它性能要求 (56)5.1外部接口需求 (56)5.1.1用户界面 (56)5.1.2硬件接口 (56)5.1.3软件接口 (56)5.1.4通信接口 (56)5.2其它非功能需求 (57)5.2.1数据性能需求 (57)第6章附件 (57)附件 (58)6.1什么是5S? (58)6.2为什么要推行5S,5S的作用有那些? (58)6.35S推行有那些步骤? (60)6.45S推行的场所有那些? (61)6.55S具体如何实施? (61)6.65S实施有那些方法? (61)第1章编写目的1.1 编写目的为了明确客户的基本需求，更好地完成对客户需求了解，并量化和明晰本系统的工作量和工作进度，特编写此说明书。
WTO《农业协定》简介
WTO《农业协定》简介程国强2001-08-03一、乌拉圭回合农业协定谈判的背景长期以来，农产品贸易一直作为一个特殊的领域游离于国际贸易纪律的有效约束之外，农业保护始终深深地植根于发达国家的国内农业政策之中，以至于在历轮关贸总协定多边贸易谈判中，尽管农业贸易问题被试图纳入总协定的管理框架，却常常在实际中不能如愿以偿。
因此，长期以来没有一个能够协调管理国际农产品贸易的国际农业规则供各成员来遵循。
关贸总协定肯尼迪回合（1964-1967年）曾把农业贸易问题列为该轮多边贸易谈判的议题之一，美国提出大幅度削减农产品进口关税，并要求取消进口数量限制，但遭到欧盟的拒绝，因而该轮谈判未能就抑制农业保护主义取得实质性的成果。
同样，在1973-1979年长达五年的东京回合谈判上，也因为美欧两个农产品贸易大国的冲突，在众多的农产品的议案中，最后仅就牛肉和奶制品达成了两项协定，农业贸易自由化进展甚微。
在当时的关贸总协定农业多边贸易体制下，由于对农业保护主义不能有效地的约束和抑制，因而发达国家利用总协定的体制缺陷，极力推行农业支持和干预政策，造成农产品严重结构失衡和过量生产。
而为缓解库存压力，处理剩余产品，发达国家又采取巨额出口补贴向国际市场倾销农产品，以致80年代初以来，国际农业贸易冲突不断升级，严重扭曲了国际农产品市场，同时也增加了发达国家的消费者及纳税者的负担，对发达国家的宏观经济也产生了严重不利的影响。
1986年“乌拉圭回合”谈判开始时，农业贸易问题被确定为本轮谈判的中心议题。
农业谈判主要在三大利益集团之间展开，即美国，欧共体和凯恩斯集团（即澳大利亚、加拿大、阿根廷、巴西、智利、新西兰、哥伦比亚、斐济、匈牙利，印尼、马来西亚、菲律宾、泰国及乌拉圭十四国）。
由于大幅度削减农业生产补贴和出口补贴对美国极为有利，而有可能使欧共体处于明显的竞争劣势和导致严重的社会问题，同时，美欧的出口补贴大战和对本国农产品市场的保护使凯恩斯集团出口损失惨重，这样使三方利益尖锐对立导致农产品贸易谈判面临巨大困难，一直在希望与失望的反复中艰难进行。
apriori算法评价指标 -回复
apriori算法评价指标-回复Apriori算法作为关联规则挖掘的经典算法之一，用于发现数据中的频繁项集和关联规则。
但是在实际应用中，我们需要评价Apriori算法的性能和质量。
因此，评价指标是非常重要的。
本文将逐步介绍Apriori算法的评价指标，并解释其原理和应用。
一、支持度支持度（Support）是Apriori算法中最基本的评价指标之一。
它反映了项集在整个数据集中出现的频率。
支持度可以描述一个项集在数据集中的普遍性，即项集出现的频繁程度。
支持度的计算公式为：Support(A) = (A 出现的次数) / (数据集的总数)。
支持度的值为介于0到1之间的实数，支持度越高表示项集出现的频率越高。
通过设置一个最小支持度阈值，可以过滤掉支持度低于阈值的项集，从而挖掘出频繁项集。
二、置信度置信度（Confidence）是用来度量关联规则的可靠性和强度的指标。
置信度描述了关联规则中Y项出现的概率，给定X项在前提条件下。
计算公式为：Confidence(X => Y) = Support(X ∪Y) / Support(X)。
置信度的值也是介于0到1之间的实数，置信度越高表示关联规则越可靠。
通过设置一个最小置信度阈值，可以过滤掉置信度低于阈值的关联规则，从而筛选出强关联规则。
三、提升度提升度（Lift）是用来度量关联规则的独立性和相关性的指标。
它描述了关联规则中Y项和X项的关系，相比于它们的独立出现。
提升度的计算公式为：Lift(X => Y) = Support(X ∪Y) / (Support(X) * Support(Y))。
提升度的值大于1表示Y项和X项的出现是正相关的，即两个项集的出现概率相互增强；提升度的值等于1表示Y项和X项的出现是独立的，即两个项集的出现概率不相关；提升度的值小于1表示Y项和X项的出现是负相关的，即两个项集的出现概率相互减弱。
通过设置一个最小提升度阈值，可以过滤掉提升度低于阈值的关联规则，从而选取具有高相关性的规则。
联合国译员口译词汇
联合国译员口译词汇a matter of urgency 紧急事项*a priori limitation 凭经验规定的限额*"AAA" rating 三“Ａ”级信用*abatement measure 清除措施*abled-bodied 强壮的；健康的；健全的*abolition of obstacles to freedom of movement 消除自由流通的障碍*abolition of tax control 取消税务监督*above the line [Advertising] 全能的广告公司［指广告公司能为广告主提供必须的全面广告策划者]*abrogation of derogations 废除例外*absens reo (abs re) [Latin] 被告不在；被告未到庭*absolute cost 绝对成本*absolute majority 绝对多数*absolute price competition 绝对价格竞争*absorb additional cost, to 承担额外费用*absorption 并入[国际法]*absorption of refugees 吸收难民*abuse of a dominant position 滥用支配地位*acceptance credit 承兑信用证*access to courts 出席法庭的权利*access to economic activities 进入经济活动领域*access to the market 市场准入；进入市场*accession agreement 加入协定*accession co mpensatory amount “加入”补偿费*accession to the Community 加入共同体*accomodation 住房；膳宿；收容；接待- United Nations accomodation 联合国办公房地*accompanying measures 配合措施；辅助措施*accompanying policy 辅助政策；配套政策*accord horizontal (horizontal agreement) 横向协定*account 帐户；帐款*account clearing 结算帐户*account imprest 定额备用金帐户*account payable 应付帐款*account programme guarantee 方案保证金帐户*account receivable 应收帐款*account refugee education 难民教育帐户*account suspense 暂记帐户*accountant 会计员*accountant clerk 帐务员*accounting 会计*accounting and auditing (ACCAUD) 会计和审计*accounting clause 会计条例*accounting on an accrual basis 权责发生制会计*accounts assistant [UNDP] 帐务助理*accounts clerk [UNDP] 帐务员*accreditation 特许*accreditation of correspondents [OPI] 新闻记者登记*accreditations clerk 记者登记员*accrediting authority 信用证开立机构*accrual 权责发生额；应计收支额*accrual accounting 权责发生制会计；应计制会计*accrual basis 权责发生基础；权责发生制；应计制；应计基础*accrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计；应计制会计*accruals 权责发生额；应计收支额*accruals for interest 应付利息*accumulation of arms, excessive and 过度的和不利于稳定的军备积累destabilizing *ACP-EEC Convention (Lome Convention) 非加太国家--欧洲经济共同体洛美协定；洛美协定*ACP States 非加太国家(African, Caribbean and Pacific States)*acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 后天免疫机能缺损综合征（艾滋病）(AIDS) *"acquis communautaire" 共同体成果(Community patrimony) ［包括具体进展、行动和通过的文件等］*acquisition of a holding 购股票；入股*acquisition of furniture and equipment 购置家具和设备*across the national frontier 跨越国界*act of accession 加入书*act of notification 通知书*act of violence 暴力行为*act or omission 行为或不行为*acting assistant director 代理助理主任；代理助理司长；代理助理局长；代理助理处长；代理助理干事*acting chief of division 代理司长*acting chief of section 代理科长*acting chief of service 代理处长*acting chief of unit 代理股长*acting deputy chief 代理副__长*acting deputy executive director 代理副执行主任*acting director 代理主任；代理司长；代理局长；代理处长；代理干事*acting executive officer 代理执行干事*acting finance officer 代理财务干事*acting programme management officer 代理方案管理干事*action by the Community relating to 共同体保护自然界行动nature conservation (ACNAT) [EC]*action committee 行动委员会*action programme 行动计划*actionable subsidies [GATT] 可诉讼补贴*actions communautaires pour 共同体改善环境行动l'environnement (Community environmental actions; ACE) [EC]*activating price 启动价格［农产品］*active case load [Refugee] 现有办案量［难民］*active credit 流动信贷*active debt 活动债务*activities implemented jointly (AIJ) [FCCC] 联合开展的活动（联合活动）- AIJ projects —联合活动项目*actor 行为主体；角色*acts of the Council and the Commission 理事会和委员会文件*actual base (effective base) 实际税基；实际课税对象[ref: additional base] *actual delivered price at destination 目的地交货实际价格*actual value [Customs] 实际价格*ad hanc vocem (ahv) [Latin] 见此条［字典中参阅注］*ad hoc advisory committee of experts 特设专家咨询委员会*ad hoc committees and commissions 特设委员会*ad hoc experts group 特设专家组*ad hoc group 特设小组*ad hoc group of experts 特设专家组*ad hoc group of qualified government 特设合格政府专家组experts*ad hoc international tribunal 特设国际法庭*ad hoc judge [ICJ] 专案法官 *ad hoc meetings on debt renegotiation 债务重新谈判专题会议*ad hoc working group (AHWG) 特设工作组*ad hoc working group of experts 特设专家工作组*ad hoc working groups established by the 人权委员会所设各特设工作组Commission on Human Rights*ad hunc locum (ahl) [Latin] 在此处*ad majorem Dei gloriam (AMDG) [Latin] 为上帝增光［耶稣会格言］*ad sectam (ads) [Latin] 在（某）案中；被 .... 控告[B ads A: A 控告B; A 是原告、B 是被告] *ad valorem duty 从价税*ad valorem percentage criterion 从价百分比标准*adaptability 适应*adaptive capacity 适应能力*additional base 追加的税基；额外的课税对象[ref: actual base; effective base] *additional cost 额外费用*additional expenditure 追加支出*additional expenses 附加费；附加捐税*additional fee 附加费；附加税*additional own funds 补充自有资金*additional protocol 附加议定书*additional protocol II 第二号附加议定书*additional provisions 附加条款*additional rule 附加规则*additionality 资金增益*addressograph operator 姓名地址印写机操作员*adequate shelter for all 人人有适当的住房[生境二]*adjuster [Insurance] 理算师*adjustment of agricultural structure 调整农业结构*adjustment of the customs tariff 调整关税税率*adjustment of the par values 调整平价*administration and management 行政与管理*administration of justice 司法执行工作；司法行政*administration of trade regulations, 贸易条例的公布和实施publication and *administrative aide [Field Service] 行政助理员*administrative and finance assistant 行政和财务助理[UNICEF]*administrative and finance officer 行政和财务干事[UNICEF; UNDP]*administrative and personnel clerk 行政和人事办事员[UNICEF]*administrative and personnel officer 行政和人事干事[UNICEF]*administrative appropriations 行政拨款*administrative aspect 行政问题*administrative assistance to refugees 对难民的行政援助*administtirave assistant 行政助理*administrative assistant, 文书和行政助理人员secretarial and*administrative barrier 行政方面障碍*administrative budget 行政预算*administrative clerk 行政办事员*administrative co-ordination 行政的协调*administrative document, single (SAD) 统一的行政文件［指共同体内部货物[EC] 过境需要填写的统一表格]*administrative expenditure 行政开支；行政支出*administrative/finance clerk [UNDP] 行政／财务办事员*administrative/financial assistant 行政／财务助理[UNDP; UNFPA]*administrative hand-over 管理工作的移交*administrative information, 业务和行政资料operational and*administrative issuances 行政布告*administrative management officer [AMS] 行政管理干事- for administrative matters 处理行政事项的行政管理干事- for administrative issuances 处理行政布告的行政管理干事*administrative manager [UNICEF] 行政管理员*administrative matters 行政事项*administrative officer (AO) 行政干事*administrative provedures [JIU] 行政管理程序*administrative provisions 行政规定*administrative research assistant 行政研究助理[UNICEF]*administrative secretary [UNDP] 行政秘书*administrative services clerk [UNICEF] 行政事务员*administrative support (AS) 行政支助*administrative systems officer [UNDP] 行政制度干事*administrative tribunal 行政法庭*administrative unit 行政单位*administrator (A) [UNDP] 署长*Administrator of the United Nations 联合国开发计划署署长Development Programm *administrator of the United Nations 联合国生境和人类住区基金会主任Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation*admission criteria 接纳的标准；收容的标准［难民］*admission of refugees 收容难民；接纳难民*admission quota 入学限额［学校］*admission rules 入境规定；进口条例*admission to preference 可享受优惠待遇*admission to the Community 接纳加入共同体*adoption of the agenda 通过议程*advancement of women 提高妇女地位*advance purchase tickets (APEX) 预购机票*advanced strategicair-launched missile 先进空中发射战略导弹(ASALM)*advances recoverable locally (ARL) 可在当地收回的垫款*advertiser 广告人；广告主*advertising 广告*advertising agency 广告代理；广告代理公司*advertising agency organization 广告专业组织*advertising association 广告协会*advertising goal 广告目的*advertising institute 广告学会*advertising media 广告媒介*advertising of public interest 公众利益广告*advertising planning 广告策划*advertising production corporation 广告制作公司*advertising restriction 广告限制*adviser 顾问*adviser, urban affairs [UNICEF] 城市事务顾问*adviser hors classe 特别顾问；高级顾问*advisory board 咨询委员会*advisory committee 咨询委员会*advisory functions 咨询职能*advisory opinion 咨询意见*advisory service programme 咨询服务方案*advocate-general 代理检察长*aerobiology 空气生物学；大气生物学*African Franc 非洲金融共同体法郎（非洲法郎）(African Financial Community Franc; Franc de la Communaute Financiere d'Afrique; CFAF; FCFA)*African Financial Community Franc 非洲金融共同体法郎（非洲法郎）(African Franc; Franc de la Communaute Financiere d'Afrique; CFAF; FCFA) *African Franc 非洲法郎（非洲金融共同体法郎）(African Financial Communuty Franc; Franc de la Communaute Financiere d'Afrique; CFAF; FCFA)*aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素*after-service health insurance (ASHI) 离职后健康保险*aged refugee 老龄难民*agency 机构；局；署*agency representative [UNDP] 机构代表*agency task force 机构特别工作组*agency technical advisors (ATA) 机构技术顾问*agenda 议程*agenda for action 行动议程*agenda item 议程项目*agent bank 代理行*agent general [UNKRA] 主任*agglomeration of sub-standard dwellings 低标准住宅区*aggregate measure of support (AMS) [UR] 支助的综合衡量；综合支持*aggressive protective trade policy 侵略性保护贸易政策*agreed minutes 商定记录*agreed price 约定价格；议定价格*agreement between undertakings 企业间协议*agreement in the form of agreed minutes 商定记录形式的协议*agreement in the form of an exchange of 换文形式的协议letters*agreement on basic principles 关于基本原则的协定*agreement on reinsurance 分保合同*agreement worker 合同工人*agreements officer [UNDP] 协定事务干事*agricultural commodity projections [FAO] 农业商品规划*agricultural conversion rate [EC] 绿色汇率；农产品价格换算率*agricultural ECU [EC] 绿色埃居*agricultural extensifications 粗放耕作*agricultural labour unit (ALU) 农业劳动单位*agricultural levies 农产品差额税*agricultural policy 农业政策*agricultural policy in a dilemma 农业政策的困窘*agricultural product 农产品*agricultural protectionism [UR] 农业保护主义*agricultural stabilizer 农业稳定机制*agricultural structure 农业结构*agrimonetary measure 农业货币措施*agrimonetary policy 农业货币政策*aid for high school pupils 给中学生的援助*aid programme 援助方案*aid to university students 给大学生的援助*aid having a social character 社会性援助*aid programme 援助计划*AIDS service organization (ASO) 艾滋病服务组织*air charter 包机*air freight 空运；航空运输；空运运费*air-launched cruise missile (ALCM) 空中发射巡航导弹*air liner 班机；客机*air space, international 国际空域*air-to-ground missile (AGM) 空对地导弹*air-to-surface ballistic missile (ASBM) 空对地弹道导弹*air-to-surface missile (ASM) 空对地导弹*air transportation cargo insurance 航空运输货物保险*airbus 空中客车；空中巴士*aircraft unit load device (A/C ULD) 航空用成组器［集装箱］*airworthiness certification 适航证书*Alclad 阿尔克拉德［纯铝覆面的硬铝合金］*Alclad product 包铝硬铝合金产品*algorithm (= algorism) 算法［计算机程序］*alien refugee 外国难民*aliens legislation 外侨法规*alignment of customs duties 协调关税*alkyl benzenesulfonate (ABS) [Chemicals] 苯磺酸烷酯*all accomodation 各式住房［难民安置］*all-in price (lump price) 包干价格；整批买卖价格*all purpose 多用途；多目标；多目的*all purpose fund 多用途基金*all purpose vehicle 多用途车辆*all risks [Insurance] 一切险*allocated quota 分摊配额*allocation 分配；拨款*allocation of agenda item 议程项目的分配*allocation of powers 权力分配(distribution of powers)*allocation of resources 资源分配；资金分配(distribution of resources) *allotment notification [FAO] 拨款通知书*allowance 津贴*alternate certifying officer 候补核证人[Financial Rules]*alternate secretary 候补秘书*alternative approaches and ways and 各种途径、方式和方法means*alternative duty 选择税*alternative framework 备选纲领*alternis horis (ah) [Latin] 每两小时；隔一小时*amber category (= conditional subsidies) 黄灯类（限制使用的补贴）[cf: traffic light] [GATT]*amendment 修正*amendment of a treaty 一项条约的修正*amendment of an act 修改文件*American agricultural policy 美国农业政策*Americam selling price (ASP) 美国销售价格*American selling price system of customs 按美国售价估征关税制度valuation*amnesty 大赦*amnesty law 大赦法*amoebic dysentery 阿米巴性痢疾*amortized share 已摊还的股票*amount allocated 拨款额*amount appropriated 核拨数额*amount committed 承诺额*amount remitted 已汇出数额；已汇出款项*ancillary procedures （附加）程序*animal container 动物集装箱；家畜集装箱［集装箱］*annex is being reproduced as received, in the 附件不译，原文照发[常用脚注] language of submission only, the *annexed territory 被兼并领土*anno Domini (AD) [Latin] 公元*annual post review (APR) 年度职位审查*annual report in writing 年度书面报告*annual session 年会*annual percentage rate (APR) 年率*annuality of the budget 预算的年度性*annuity 年金*annuity scheme 年金制度*ante Chritum (AC) [Latin] 公元前*ante meridiem (AM; am) [Latin] 上午；午前*anti-ballistic missile (ABM) 反弹道导弹*anti-circumvention action 反规避行为[UR]*anti-dumping 反倾销*anti-dumping and countervailing duties 反倾销税和反补贴税*anti-dumping duty 反倾销税*anti-dumping measures (ADP) 反倾销措施*anti-personnel landmines (APLs) 杀伤人员地雷*anti-piracy 反海盗*anti-piracy arrangement 反海盗安排*anti-piracy programme 反海盗方案*anti-subsidy 反补贴*anti-subsidy duty 反补贴税；反津贴税；抵消税*anti-surge clause [MFA] 反激增条款［多纤维安排］*anti-trade biased growth 逆贸易偏向经济增长*apartheid 种族隔离*apartheid economy 种族隔离经济*apartheid in sports 体育领域种族隔离*appeal 上诉*appeal against the death sentence 对死刑的上诉*applicability of provisions 条款的适用性*applicant 申请者*applicant [Insurance] 投保人；要保人*applicant State 申请国*applicants "sur place" (ASP) [Refugees] “就地”申请者*application for employment 求职*application of the treaty 条约的适用*applied monetary gap 应用差价［实际差价减去免税部分］(ecart monetaire applique; EMA) *appointment 任命*apportionment of expenses 经费分摊*appraisal 评价*appraised value 估定价值；海关估定价值*appreciation of international law 了解国际法*appropriate level of sanitary or 卫生或植物检疫保护的适当水平phytosanitary protection [UR]*appropriation 拨款；经费*appropriations by executive committee 执行委员会核定的经费*approved allocation 核定拨款*approved appropriation 核定拨款*approximation of laws 协调法律*APR Form (Form A of postal regulation) 表格APR；格式APR［用于邮寄小额商品的普惠制产地证书]*Arab currency-related units (ACRU) 阿拉伯货币单位（阿币单位）*arbitrary discrimination 任意歧视*arbitrary execution 任意处决*arbitration 仲裁*arbitration award 仲裁书；裁决*arbitration committee 仲裁委员会*arbitrator 仲裁员*architect 建筑师*archives assistant 档案助理*archives clerk 档案事务员*archivist 档案管理员*area assessment 分区鉴定*area desk [UNHCR] 地区事务处*area of low pest or disease prevalence 低病虫害流行区域*area officer [UNDP] 地区干事*area without frontiers 没有内部边界区*area without internal frontiers 没有内部边界区*argent brulant (hot money) 热钱；游资*argument for foreign trade increasing 对外贸易增加价值论the national value*armed aggression 武装侵略*armed conflict 武装冲突*arms control 军备控制；军备管制*arms limitation 军备限制*arms race 军备竞赛*arms trade 军火贸易；军备贸易*arms transfer 军备转让*arrangements for implementation 执行方面的的安排*arrest [shipping] 扣押*arrival [Refugee] 到达者*art and design officer [UNICEF] 美术设计干事*art and quality adviser [UNICEF] 美术品质顾问*art presentation officer [UNICEF] 美术陈列干事*article 条款*article 目［预算旧制］- article (i) of chapter III of 预算第二款第三项㈠目section 2 of the budget*articles of association 协会章程*articles of incorporation 公司章程；公司执照*artificial earth satellite 人造地球卫星*Asia-Pacific economic co-operation 亚洲及太平洋经济合作进程process (APEC) （亚太经合进程）*Asian monetary unit (AMU) 亚洲货币单位*aspect 方面；问题*assault and battery 殴打；人身伤害*assembling supplied parts 来件装配*Assembly [EC] 议会［即“欧洲议会”］*Assembly [UN] 大会［联合国大会］*assembly affairs officer [OUSGPGAA] 大会事务专员*assent 同意；赞成*assessment 估价；评价；摊款；税收*assessment basis 课税基础；课税对象；税基*assessment form [EC] 评估报告*assessment of risks 危险评估*assessment of taxes 估定税额；税基；课税基数*assessment of technology 技术评估*assessment year 课税年度*assessor [ICJ] 襄审官*assets 资产*assignment 派任；任用*assignment allowance 外派津贴*assimilation 同化*assimilation of world economy 世界经济同质化*assimilation within new national 与新的国家社会的同化communities*assistance 援助*assistance group 援助团；援助小组*assistance towards local setlement, 援助当地安置基金fund for [Refugee] *assistant 助理*assistant accountant 助理会计员*assistant administrative officer 行政事务助理干事*assistant administrator (AA) [UNDP] 助理署长*assistant administrator and regional 助理署长兼区域主任director [UNDP] *assistant administrator and regional 助理署长兼区域代表representative [UNDP] *assistant area officer [UNDP] 地区助理干事*assistant budget officer 预算助理干事*assistant cartographer 助理制图员*assistant cashier [UNDP] 助理出纳员 *assistant chief 助理__长*assistant chief of division 助理司长*assistant chief of protocol [EOSG] 礼宾处助理处长*assistant chief of service 处理处长*assistant classification officer 叙级事务助理干事*assistant conference affairs officer 会议事务助理干事*assistant contributions officer 缴款事务助理干事*assistant director 助理主任；助理司长；助理局长；助理处长；助理干事*assistant director, chief of section 助理主任兼科长*assistant director for research 助理研究主任*assistant director for special 特别任务助理主任assignments*assistant director-general 助理总干事*assistant documentation officer 文件事务助理干事*assistant editor 助理编辑*assistant evaluation officer 助理评价干事[UNDP; UNHCR]*assistant executive director 助理执行主任*assistant executive director and chief 助理执行主任兼司长*assistant executive secretary 助理执行秘书*assistant finance officer 助理财务干事*assistant industrial development officer 工业发展助理干事*assistant II 二等助理*assistant information officer 助理新闻干事*assistant liaison officer 助理联络干事*assistant librarian 图书馆助理管理员*assistant officer (P-1) 助理干事*assistant personnel officer 助理人事干事 *assistant placement officer [UNDP] 人员配置助理干事*assistant political affairs officer 政治事务助理干事*assistant programme analysis officer 方案分析助理干事[UNDP; UNFPA] *assistant programme co-ordinator 方案协调助理干事*assistant programme management officer 方案管理助理干事*assistant programme officer [UNHCR] 方案事务助理干事*assistant programmer 助理程序设计员*assistant project management officer 项目管理助理干事[UNDP]*assistant reference officer 参考资料助理干事*assistant regional projects officer 区域项目助理干事[UNDP]*assistant regional representative [UNDP] 助理区域代表*assistant research officer 助理研究干事*assistant resident representative (ARR) 助理驻地代表[UNDP] - (administrative officer) (ARR(A)) 助理驻地代表（行政干事）- (programme officer) (ARR(P)) 助理驻地代表（方案干事）*assistant secretary 助理秘书*assistant secretary-general (ASG) 助理秘书长[UN Secretariat]*assistant secretary-general and deputy 助理秘书长兼副秘书长帮办to the under-secretary-general*assistant secretary-general and 助理秘书长兼会议秘书长secretary-general of the conference*assistant secretary-general for 主管发展研究和政策分析事务厅助理development research and policy 秘书长analysis*assistant secretary-general for 主管财务厅助理秘书长（财务主任）financial services (controller)*assistant secretary-general for 主管总务厅助理秘书长general services (ASG/OGS) *assistant secretary-general for 主管人事厅助理秘书长personnel services*assistant secretary-general for 主管方案规划和协调厅助理秘书长programme planning and co-ordination*assistant secretary-general for 主管经济和社会事项秘书处服务厅助secretariat services for economic and 理秘书长social matters*assistant secretary-general for social 主管社会发展和人道主义事务助理秘development and humanitarian affairs 书长*assistant secretary-general for 技术合作促进发展事务助理秘书长technical co-operation for development*assistant secretary-general, 主管联合国裁军中心助理秘书长United Nations Centre for Disarmament*assistant secretary of the commission 委员会助理秘书*assistant secretary of the committee 委员会助理秘书*assistant secretary to the executive 执行局助理秘书board [UNICEF]*assistant social affairs officer 社会事务助理干事*assistant statistical officer 统计事务助理干事[UNDP; UNFPA] *assistant statistician 助理统计员*assistant terminologist 助理名词员*assistant to the administrator [UNDP] 署长助理*assistant to the chief __长助理*assistant to the chief of service 处长助理*assistant to the deputy executive 副执行主任助理director *assistant to the director [UNDP] 主任助理；司长助理；局长助理；处长助理；干事助理*assistant to the Director-General [EC] 总司长助理*assistant to the division chief 司长助理[UNDP; UNFPA] *assistant to the secretary-general of 会议秘书长助理the conference*assistant to the secretary of the 委员会秘书助理commission*assistant to the spokesman 发言人*assistant to the under-secretary-general 副秘书长助理*assistant transnational corporations 跨国公司事务助理干事affairs officer *assisted passage scheme 援助移民计划［难民］*associate accountant 协理会计员*associate administrative officer [UNDP] 行政事务协理干事*associate administrator (AsA) [UNDP] 协理署长*associate analyst-programmer [UNDP] 分析--程序设计协理员*associate area officer [UNDP] 地区协理干事*associate assembly affairs officer 大会事务协理干事[OUSGPGAA]*associate auditor 协理审计员*associate budget officer 预算协理干事*associate cartographer 协理制图员*associate classification officer 叙级事务协理干事*associate commissioner 协理专员*associate conference affairs officer 会议事务协理干事*associate contracts officer 合同事务协理干事*associate co-ordination officer 协调事务协理干事*associate demographer 协理人口统计员*associate director 协理主任；协理司长；协理局长；协理处长；协理干事*associate director for organization and 主管组织和管理事务协理主任management [UNICEF]*associate director/producer 协理编导[Radio and Visual Services Division, OPI] *associate economic affairs officer 经济事务协理干事*associate editor 协理编辑*associate editorial control officer 编辑管制协理干事*associate education officer [UNHCR] 教育事务协理干事*associate evaluation officer [UNHCR] 评价协理干事*associate expert 协理专家*associate finance officer 财务协理干事*associate fund raising officer [UNHCR] 筹款协理干事*associate human rights officer 人权事务协理干事*associate industrial development officer 工业发展协理干事*associate information officer 新闻事务协理干事*associate interpreter 协理口译员*associate Law of the Sea officer 海洋法协理干事*associate legal officer 法律事务协理干事*associate liaison officer 联络事务协理干事*associate librarian 图书馆协理管理员*associate member 联系成员［各专门机构］；准成员［亚太经社会］*associate officer (P-2) 协理干事*associate participants 非全额参与人［养恤金］*associate participant status 非全额参与人的身份［养恤金］*associate personnel officer 人事管理助理干事*associate placement officer [UNDP] 人员配置协理干事*associate planning and co-ordination 规划和协调协理干事officer [UNDP]*associate planning and operations 规划和业务协理干事officer [UNDP; UNFPA] *associate political affairs officer 政治事务协理干事*associate population affairs officer 人口事务协理干事*associate procurement officer 采购事务协理干事*associate production and distribution 产制和分发协理干事officer [UNDP] *associate production control officer 产制管制协理干事*associate professional officer (APO) 协理专业人员*associate programme analysis officer 方案分析协理干事*associate programme co-ordinator 方案协调协理员*associate programme management officer 方案管理协理干事*associate programme officer [UNHCR] 方案事务协理干事*associate programmer 程序设计协理员*associate programmer-analyst 程序设计--分析协理员*associate project management officer 项目管理协理干事[UNDP]*associate protection officer [UNHCR] 保护事务协理干事*associate public administration officer 公共行政协理干事*associate recruitment officer 征聘事务协理干事*associate reference officer 参考资料协理干事*associate regional officer [UNDP] 区域协理干事*associate regional projects officer 区域项目协理干事[UNDP] *associate resettlement officer [UNHCR] 安置事务协理干事*associate resources officer [UNDP] 资源事务协理干事*associate scientific affairs Officer 科学事务协理干事*associate social affairs officer 社会事务协理干事*associate social services officer 社会服务协理干事[UNHCR] *associate statistician 协理统计员*associate systems officer 计算机系统事务协理干事*associate terminologist 协理名词员*associate translator 协理笔译员*associate transnational corporations 跨国公司事务协理干事affairs officer *associated African States [EC] 非洲联系国*associated agency [UNDP] 联系机构*associated company 联号*associated director [UNDP] 协理主任*association agreement [EC] 联系协定*association arrangements [EC] 联系制度*association of thenon-European 非欧洲国家和地区的联系地位countries and territories [EC]*association of undertakings 企业联合会*asylum 庇护；庇护所；庇护权；政治避难- countries of first asylum -- 第一庇护国*asylum policy 庇护政策*asylum practices 庇护做法*asylum procedure 庇护程序*asylum procedures 庇护程序*asylum-seeker 寻求庇护者*at the sectional level 预算各款［标题］*ATA carnets 临时入境证［海关］*Atlantic alliance 大西洋联盟*atomic radiation 原子辐射*ATS personnel 空运服务人员*attache随从人员*attachment [shipping] 扣留*attempt to effect radical change 企图进行激烈变革*attorney-general 检察总长［英］；司法部长［美］*atypical work 非正式工作［临时工等］*auction 拍卖；招标*audit an account, to 审计一个帐户*audit clerk 审计事务员*audit of expenditure 监督开支；控制开支*audited financial statement 审定财务报表*auditing 审计*auditor 审计员；审计委员*auditor-general 审计长*augmented qualified majority [EC] 加强的特定多数*authentification 证实；数据真伪鉴定*authority [Sea-Bed] 管理局*authority, South African authorities 南非当局*authority in the region 区域权力机构*authorized budget level (ABL) 核定预算数额*authorized position 核定头寸*authorizing officer for expenditure [EC] 开支审核官*automated clearing houses (ACH; ACHs) 自动化票据交换所*automated legal effect 自动法律效力*automation co-ordinator 自动化协调专员*autonomous and conventional tariff 自主协定税则制；自主协定税则system *autonomous single tariff system 自主单一税则制；自主单一税则*autonomous duty 自主关税*autonomous tariff system 自主税则制；自主税则*autonomous GSP schemes 自主普惠制方案*auxiliary 辅助人员*auxiliary health personnel 辅助保健人员*auxiliary health staff 辅助保健人员*auxiliary personnel 辅助人员*availability theory [Economy] 存在性理论*average cost (AC) 平均成本*average fixed cost (AFC) 平均固定成本*average post adjustment (APA) index 工作地点差价调整数平均指数*average total cost (ATC) 平均总成本*average unit of world labour 世界劳动的平均单位*average variable cosr (AVC) 平均可变成本*award of contracts 签订合同*aware of 了解到*background information kit 背景资料袋*backwash effect [Economy] 回波效应；回流效应；回浪效应*backlog 积压的案件；积压的文件；积压的工作*backup policy 辅助政策；配套政策*bacteriological weapon 细菌武器*bacteriophage [= phagein, phage] 噬菌体*Baghdad boil 巴格达疖；皮肤利什曼病*balance account 平衡项目［国际收支］；结算帐户*balance of capital account 资本项目收支差额［国际收支］*balance of current account 经常项目收支差额［国际收支］*balance of international payments 国际收支平衡表；国际收支差额*balance of payments (BOP) 国际收支；国际收支差额*balance of payments adjustment 国际收支调节*balance of responsibilities 责任平衡*balance of trade (BOT) 贸易差额；贸易平衡*balance sheet 资产负债表*ball mat 球垫［集装箱］*ballistic missile (BM) 弹道导弹*ballistic missile defense (BMD) 弹道导弹防御*ballistic missile defense system 弹道导弹防御系统(BMD system) *balsa 轻木*bank note denominated in Ecus 埃居钞票*bank of issue 发行银行*bankers' bank 中央银行*banking operations 银行业务*banning order 禁止令*bar association 律师公会；律师协会*bar code 条码*bare boat charter [Shipping] 光船租船合同；光船租赁*barter agreement 易货协定；换货协定*barter terms of trade 商品贸易条件*barter trade 易货贸易*base dimensions 基本尺寸［集装箱］*base quantity of textile trade 纺织品贸易基数*based on solidarity 基于团结的*Basel agreements 巴塞尔协定［1972年4月签定，包括一系列加强货币合作的措施］*basic amenities 基本生活福利*basic assistance list (BAL) 基本援助清单*basic assistance list control clerk 基本援助表监督事务员[UNICEF] *basic education 基本教育*basic essentials 生活必需品*basic health unit 基层保健单位*basic instrument 基础文件*basic intervention price 基本干预价格*basic necessities 基本必需品*basic price 基价*basic regulation 基本规定*basic research in industrial 欧洲工业技术基础研究［共同体项目] technologies in Europe (BRITE) *basic target price 基本指标价格［谷类、糖、牛奶、橄榄油等］*basic tax-free allowance 减税基数；免税基数*basis for exemption from the reduction 免除减让承诺的基础commitments [UR] *"basket of funds" “资金篮子” *bast fabric 麻织物*batch control and allocations [JIU; FAO] 批数控制和分拨*bear position 卖空地位；空头*bearing in mind 考虑到*BEC category 按广泛经济类别分类(classification by broad economic categories) *beggar-thy-neighbour policy 以邻为壑政策；近邻贫穷化政策*beginning of month (BOM) 月初*belly compartment 机腹集装箱［集装箱］*belly container 机腹集装箱［集装箱］*bench mark price 基准价格*beneficiaries 受益人；受惠国*beneficiary [GSP] 受惠国［优惠］*beneficiary suppliers 受惠供应国［优惠］*benefits 利益［优惠］*best available techniqe (BAT) 可得最佳技术*best prevailing conditions of service 一般最佳服务条件*bhangmeter 闪光强度计*bid editing clerk [UNICEF] 投标登记事务员*biennial budget cycle 两年预算周期*biennial budgeting 两年期预算编制*biennial programme of work and budget 两年期工作方案和预算*biennial programming [UNDP] 两年期计划制订。
全球中小企业超融合GigaOm雷达报告发布, 中国安超ArcherOS多项指标比肩VMware
全球中小企业超融合GigaOm雷达报告发布，中国安超ArcherOS多项指标比肩VMware GigaOm超融合雷达图报告，中小企业如何选型超融合厂商？GigaOm中小企业超融合雷达报告解读无论企业规模或所处行业，超融合已经迅速成为一项广受欢迎的IT基础设施选择。
尤其对于部署规模需求小的中小企业，超融合通过先进的解决方案和简便的用户体验，能够满足中小企业对IT基础设施核心功能、高效率、高性价比集群配置的要求。
近日，国际权威研究机构GigaOm发布了《2022年中小企业超融合基础设施雷达报告》（GigaOm Radar for Hyperconverged Infrastructures: SMB Deployments），对中小企业超融合解决方案特征和核心代表厂商能力进行了详细分析，这里简单为大家解读一下这本报告。
首先，一起来看看这次的雷达图，共有13家全球核心超融合厂商登榜，包括国际大厂Cisco、Dell、Nutanix、VMware、HPE、Microsoft等，中国厂商ArcherOS（安超云）、SmartX（志凌海纳）。
GigaOm的雷达图类似Gartner魔力象限，是基于厂商综合竞争力排名的四象限图，横轴分别体现了厂商解决方案的的特性玩法（Feature Play）和平台玩法（Platform Play），纵轴分别体现了厂商解决方案的成熟度（Maturity）和创新能力（Innovation），而箭头表示厂商变化的方向，长度表示厂商变化的速度，厂商的位置越靠近圆心意味着其综合能力越强。
从雷达图可以看到，中小企业超融合市场非常成熟了，众多知名的超融合厂商都进入到领导者象限。
GigaOm评价，Dell、VMware和Nutanix的超融合产品仅是他们广泛的解决方案中的一部分。
这些厂商之间的竞争则涉及将云原生技术与企业内部超融合的整合。
Microsoft Azure Stack HCI在这个方面的整合做的很快，使其成为创新和平台玩法象限的领导者和表现优异者。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
28中国农业科技导报 Review of China Agricultural Science and Technology
6 毛树春.我国棉花发展展望.中国棉花,1998,25(9):2-67 毛树春等.论全国棉花布局均衡结构与可持续发展.中国棉花,1997,24(3):2-58 毛树春.当前我国棉花生产中的热点难点问题及其解决途径探讨.中国棉花,2000,27(1)9 毛树春.优质商品棉花基地建设成就及“十五”时期建设建议.中国棉花,2000,28(1)
10 中国标准化协会纤维协会棉花专业委员会.1998-1999年度我国
原棉品质调查与分析(资料),1999
11 张末喜等.浅析棉田面积稳定与扩大的主要途径.中国棉花,
1997,24(5):5-7
12 蒋珠燕.加入WT O 对中国农业的影响与对策.农业经济问题,
1999,(10):49-51
13 Intern ational Cotton Advis ory Committee,Survey of the cost of
production of row cotton ,199910The Effect of Joining the WTO and Sustainable Development
on the Cotton Production in China
M ao Shuchun
(Cotton Res earch Institute ,CAAS ,An yang Henan 455112,Ch ina )
Abstract After being admitted as a m em ber country of the WT O,there w ill be mor e opportunities in China fo r the consumption of raw cotton ,and the scale of co tton pr oduction w ill be enlarg ed .An analysis show s that the productio n capability and the distribution of cotton reso urces in the total o utput o f co tton resources in China is at a remar kable advantag e ,and the pr oduction co st also has a co mpar ative adv antage .But the capability for technical g uar antee in co tto n productio n is by far inferior,and the market risks and economical pr oblem s the cotton production faces w ill be pr ominent .The raw co tton required by tex tile industry should base itself on home pr oduction.In this r espect,some counter measures are recomm ended.1.Optim ize cotton resources distribution ,adjust cotton variety ,quality ,productio n structure and configuration ,and so heig hten the production capability for further upgrading the to tal output and quality of cotton resour ces. 2.Increase input ,heighten technical innovation capability in co tton production ,and so enhance the technical guarantee capability in the cotton pro duction technique prog ress. 3.Intensify the marco-econom ical co ntrol by national g overnment ,establish national cotton association for scientific and technological industrialization,and supply infor matio n ser vice for cotto n production,so as to realize the object of pr oduction aim ing at sales and the balancing o f production and sales .The pro duction of cotton special variety should be based o n market requirement and should be g reatly developed.
Key words WTO Cotto n Pro duction Resour ce T echnology
China
【WTO 基本知识】
综合支持量(Aggregate Measure of Support ,AMS )
衡量政府用于支持一部门的投入的货币价值的指标。
正如农业协议对综合支持量的定义,综合支持量包括预算支出和从消费者向生产者转移的收入,其结果将导致市场价格扭曲。
综合支持量包括对生产者直接支付(如差额补贴)、投入品补贴(如对灌溉用水的补贴)、能够引起市场价格扭曲的收入转移的估计值(如市场价格支持)、商品贷款计划的利率补贴的实际发生额或累计额。
约束税率(Bound Tariff Rates ),关税约束(Tariff “binding ”)
经过关贸总协定/WTO 谈判而确立的关税率,列在一各国家的关税减让表中,可作为总协定的一部分而得到执行。
关贸总协定第2条强制各国实行约束关税。
如果一WT O 成员国把税率提高到约束水平以上,受影响的出口国家有权对进口国的等价值出口产品采取报复性措施或接受赔偿,其形式通常为要求该进口国降低对受影响国的其它出口商品降低关税。