新世纪英语UNIT 3

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新世纪大学英语3-unit3课文翻译及单词解析

新世纪大学英语3-unit3课文翻译及单词解析

追求以公众利益为宗旨的幸福理查德·莱亚德在过去的50年里,我们西方国家的经济获得了史无前例的增长。

我们的家园、车辆、假期、工作、教育,尤其是健康,均得以改善。

依据标准经济理论,这些改善原本应该使我们更加幸福,然而,调查显示并非如此。

英国人和美国人接受幸福程度的调查时说,在过去的50年里,他们的幸福程度并没有得到改善。

抑郁症患者人数上升,同时犯罪率大幅增长也说明了人们对生活的不满足。

上述事实对我们个人以及社会优先考虑的诸多事情都提出了挑战。

事实上,我们现在的处境是人类从未经历过的。

当大多数人还在为温饱发愁时,物质条件的改善的确能令他们幸福一些。

富庶国家(比如,人均年收入在两万美元以上)的人民比贫穷国家的人民幸福一些;而贫穷国家的人民,如果稍微富裕,也会幸福得多。

然而,物质上的匮乏一旦消除,收入的增加便不如亲情、友情、邻里和睦等人际关系那么重要。

但是,我们在追求更高的收入时牺牲了太多这样的关系,这很危险。

渴望幸福是人类本性的核心。

人人都渴望这样一个社会:人们尽可能地幸福,每个人的幸福同等重要。

这应当是我们这个时代的人生哲学,应当用来指导公共利益的维护准则和每个人的行为,应当逐渐取代无法使我们更加幸福的极端的个人主义。

金钱的确是影响个人幸福的关键因素之一。

但是,金钱本身能使我们最终获得幸福吗?在任何一个社会,富人往往比穷人幸福。

然而,当一个西方国家越来越富有的时候,其人民的幸福程度在总体上并未得到改善。

随着时间的推移,我们的标准和期望随着收入的增加而上升。

盖洛普民意测验每年都向美国人提问:“一个四口之家至少需要多少钱才能在这个国家生活下去?”人们说出的数字上升的幅度与平均收入增加的幅度是一样的。

因为人们总是拿自己的收入和他人的收入以及他们惯于拥有的收入相比较,只有当他们认为和平均水准相比有所上升时才感到幸福。

这一过程反而达不到预期的目的。

我努力工作、赚更多钱的动力是:这会使我更幸福一些。

其他的社会成员也同样如此,他们也关注自己相对的生活标准。

新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程unit3 教师上课用 课文详解 词汇解释

新世纪英语专业本科生综合教程unit3 教师上课用 课文详解 词汇解释

about taking the entire social experience of college and putting it online. Eduardo: I can’t feel my legs. Mark: I know. I’m totally psyched about this, too. But, Wardo? Eduardo: Yeah? Eduardo: (recalling): “It would be exclusive.” Mark: You would have to know the people on the site to get past your own page, like getting punched. Now, that’s good. Mark: Wardo, it’s like a final club, except we’re the president.
Eduardo: Yeah. Mark: But it wasn’t because they saw pictures of hot
girls. You can go anywhere on the Internet and see pictures of hot girls. Eduardo: Yeah. Mark: That’s because they saw pictures of girls they knew. People want to go on the Internet and check out their friends, so why not build a website that offers that? Friends, pictures, profiles, whatever you can visit, browse around. Maybe it’s someone you just met at a party. But I’m not talking about a dating site. I’m talking

新世纪大学英语综合教程第二册Unit 3答案

新世纪大学英语综合教程第二册Unit 3答案

Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage。

1 One day in school Monty Roberts was asked to ________.A) write a term paper about the courses he learnedB)write about his dream of the futureC)describe a horse ranchD)draw a picture of a horse ranch2 Monty Roberts’ goal was to become ________。

A)a horse trainer like his fatherB)a painter who draws horses and horse ranchesC)an owner of a large horse ranchD)an owner of a large farm3 When Monty Roberts turned in the paper, his teacher ________。

A) was not satisfied with itB)helped to improve itC)gave a good comment about itD)asked him to discuss the topic with his father4 The teacher asked the boy to rewrite the paper because ________。

新世纪大学英语教材综合教程第3本unit3笔记及答案

新世纪大学英语教材综合教程第3本unit3笔记及答案

Unit 3 Happi‎n essI. Usefu‎l Words‎and Expre‎s sion‎s(T ext B)1. prior‎i ty n. (L.10)1) [C] the thing‎that is (regar‎d ed as) more impor‎t ant than other‎s优先考虑的‎事你必须学会‎辨别事情的‎轻重缓急。

You must learn‎to get your prior‎i ties‎right‎.她没有把度‎假当作优先‎考虑的事情‎。

Holid‎a ys didn’t figur‎e high on her list of prior‎i ties‎.2) [U] the fact or condi‎t ion of being‎regar‎d ed as more impor‎t ant 优先;重点政府将改革‎法制列为工‎作的重点。

The Gover‎n ment‎gave top prior‎i ty to refor‎m ing the legal‎syste‎m.2. the bread‎l ine (L.13) a very low level‎of incom‎e which‎allow‎s peopl‎e to eat but not have anyextra‎thing‎s仅能有饭吃‎而不能保证‎满足其他生‎活需求的极‎低收入水平‎他们虽然不‎富有,却也没有挣‎扎在贫困线‎上。

They are not well off, but they are not on the bread‎l ine.搭配be / live on the bread‎l ine 非常穷,勉强维持生‎活be near / below‎the bread‎l ine 接近/低于最低生‎活标准3. banis‎h v. (L.18)1)drive‎away; force‎to leave‎排除;驱逐那时很多人‎被流放到西‎伯利亚。

新世纪大学英语第三册第三单元

新世纪大学英语第三册第三单元
3. Why happiness is not an end but a process ?
Because it is only through the continuous process of honest and productive work that you can make a real contribution to others and feel that you are a useful, worthy person. It is the feeling of fulfillment and self-esteem that brings you true happiness.
Unit 3: The Pursuit of Happiness for the Common Good
Global Reading
Text Structure
I. Introduction (para 1-2)
Hook 引子
Take the Western people as an example.
2. What are the indicators of dissatisfaction mentioned? No improvement on degrees of happiness and crime rates.
3. According to the passage, at what stage increased income wouldn‘t sound so important at all? When people have enough money to meet their daily needs, extra income may sound not so important.

新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程3课后习题答案完整版UNIT3

新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程3课后习题答案完整版UNIT3

Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.1) When do people come into your life “for a reason”?A) When they know you well.B) When you need them in life.C) When you can support their career.D) When they are willing to listen to your troubles.2) Who will end the friendship with the person that is in your life for a reason?A) The person himself. B) You.C) Neither you nor the person. D) Both you and the person.3) What does a “friend for a season”mean?A) Someone who is good at making you laugh.B) Someone who teaches you how to have fun.C) Someone who will stay in your life for a short time.D) Someone who comes into your life only for fun.4) What is a lifetime friend?A) Someone who always helps you out of difficulties.B) Someone who understands you better than anyone else.C) Someone who has experienced hardships with you.D) Someone who together with you makes up a single soul in two bodies.5) What is the passage mainly about?A) Three different stages of friendship.B) Three different types of friendship in our life.C) Three different ways of getting along with people.D) Three different lessons on how to be good to your friends.Task Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the passage again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.reason season lifetime ., for a 1) People come into our life for a or for a figure out why people come into your life, you will know exactly 2) When you what to do.meet a need you 3) When someone is in your life for a reason, it is usually to inwardly . They have come to help you out of a have expressed outwardly or guidance support .and difficulty, or to provide you withan4) When people come into your life for a season, they may bring you experience of peace laugh .or make youunderstanding trust between you and 5) Lifetime friendships are based on and lessons and you should learn your friend. Lifetime friendships teach you lifetime accept them.toRead and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) Why do people tend to have a thin understanding of friendship?It is because there is a lack of socially acknowledged criteria for what makes a person a friend.2) What are the three kinds of friendship according to Aristotle?They are friendship based on utility, friendship based on pleasure and friendship based on goodness.3) What does Cicero emphasize in his definition of friendship?He emphasizes the element of virtue in friendship.4) What is meant by “virtuous friends”according to the classical views? Virtuous friends possess moral excellence and share a commitment to the good.2 Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s)of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of eachpart.Part Paragraph(s) Main Ideaof friendship in order to1 It's necessary to review some classical views Oneacquire a better understanding of it.5 According to Aristotle, there are three kinds of friendship, which are–2Tworespectively based on utility, pleasure and goodness. Friendship based on goodness is perfect and totally different from friendship based on utility or pleasure.6 According to Cicero, true friendship is only possible between good men. ThreeIn such friendships and relationships, those who possess any superiority must regard themselves as equals of those who are less fortunate.7 Virtuous friends are bound by moral excellence, which involves a highFourlevel of development and expression of the altruistic emotions of sympathy, concern and care.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what theauthors intend to say by the italicised parts.in another, the label1. In one setting, we may describe someone as a friend;may seem less appropriate. (Para. 1)Since society lacks socially accepted criteria for what friendship is, a person may be described as a “friend”in one context but may not be suitably called soin another.Friendship between the young is thought to be grounded on pleasure, 2. because the lives of the young are regulated by their feelings, and their chief interests are in their own pleasure and the opportunity of the moment. (Para. 4)It is believed that young people tend to regard pleasure as an essential element of friendship and thus base their friendship on pleasure.Such friendships are rare because men of this kind are few and they need 3.time and intimacy; for as the saying goes, true friends must go through trials and tribulations together. (Para. 5)It is not easy to establish true friendships because there is only a small number of such good men in the world and it takes time and effort to develop such friendships. That is why true friendships are rare.4. To perceive a friend, therefore, is in a manner to perceive oneself; and to Each can be said to provide aknow a friend is in a manner to know oneself.mirror in which the other may see himself. (Para. 7)When two people are true friends, each is like a mirror to the other, who can see what kind of a person he himself has proved to be and whether he has moral excellence or not.Friendship of this kind necessarily involves conversations about well-being 5.and of what might be involved in living the good life. (Para.7)We can find all the good qualities in virtuous friends and it is those qualities that make permanent friendship possible.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detectiveprovided space B in the the 1 Put down right word from Textis word of each The the given definition. first letter to accordingalready given.een: (of the mind, the senses, etc.) good, strong, quick atkExample:understanding, etc.orrespond: exchange letters regularly1) cuild: shape and size, esp. of the human body2) bensible: reasonable; having or showing good sense3) srilliant: very bright, splendid, or showy in appearance4) brasp: take or keep a firm hold of, esp. with the hands5) gppoint: arrange or decide (esp. a time or place when something will 6) ahappen)ardware: equipment and tools for the home and garden, such as pans, 7) hgarden tools, etc.aze: look steadily, esp. for a long time and often without being conscious of 8) gwhat one is doingthe Text B. Both phrase in each blank with a word or from Fill 2target in which the and explanation the number of the paragraphthe to use in brackets. Be sure given or word phrase appears areproper form.all of a sudden , the line went Example:We were talking on the phone when, dead.(suddenly: Para. 29)cast your eyes / an eye over these calculations (计算的结果1) Would you just ) to see if there is anything wrong?(look through sth. quickly: Para. 1)torn down to make way for a new road.2) These beautiful old houses are being(pull down: Para. 4)making a fortune —3) The owners of the restaurant must be they serve quite simple food at very high prices!(earn a large amount of money: Para. 6)turned up inside a book.4) The missing letter eventually(make one's appearance: Para. 8)lost track of the number of times he's asked me to lend him some 5) I have money.(fail to keep myself informed about: Para. 8)pass on to the next subject.6) If there's no further discussion, perhaps we can (move on: Para. 16)checking up on what the man told them about the robbery.7) The police are (examine to see the truthfulness of: Para. 16)was under arrest when drugs were found in his bag at the customs (海8) He 关).(be captured by the police: Para. 30)Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained inText B.1) Where did the story take place?The story took place in New York.2) What was the policeman doing that night?He was on night duty, patrolling the avenues and trying to prevent any possible crimes on his beat.3) Where did the man in the doorway of a hardware store come from?He came from the western part of the United States, which was still wild and under-developed at that time.4) Why was he standing there?He was waiting by appointment for Jimmy Wells, the best friend of his youth.5) What was the appointment about?Twenty years before, Jimmy and Bob had made an appointment that they would meet again in the same restaurant exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what their conditions might be or from what distance theymight have to come.6) What happened to the man who had stood in the doorway in the end? And why?He was arrested by a policeman in plain clothes, because he was wanted by the Chicago police.7) Who was the policeman in uniform?He was Jimmy Wells, Bob's friend of youth.8) Did the two old friends meet that night?Yes, they did meet that night, but in a very special way. Jimmy approached Bob as a patrolman, talking to Bob as if they did not know each other before. what in pairs sentences carefully and discuss Read 2 the followingthe author intends to say by the italicised parts.he thought it was they out of New York; 1) You couldn't have dragged Jimm only place on earth. (Para. 6)He loved New York so much that he preferred to live nowhere else.a handsome watch, the lids of it set with small2) The waiting man pulled outdiamonds. (Para. 9)It was a luxurious watch, handsome and with small diamonds set on its lids. Judging by the watch, one might think that he had made a fortune in the West. each of them turned simultaneously to gaze3) When they came into this glare,. upon the other's face(Para. 27)Each of them was eager to know what exactly the other looked like.but not long enough to change a man's nose4) Twenty years is a long time,from a Roman nose to a pug nose. (Para. 29)You are not Jimmy at all, because it is not possible for a man to change the shape of his nose so thoroughly within a matter of twenty years.Chicago thinks you may have dropped over our way and they want to have a 5)That's sensiblechat with you. (Para. 30). Going quietly with us, are you?The Chicago police informed us that you might have come to New York and they wanted us to stop and arrest you …It is wise of you not to resist.but it trembled a little by the6) His hand was steady when he began to read,time he had finished. (Para. 31)He could not control his emotions when he found out the truth. His hand was trembling with fear and shock.Optional Classroom ActivitiesDivide the class into groups of fours and dramatize the story “After Jimmy, Henry), (O. the roleYears”Twenty by -playing story-teller Bob and the plain-clothes man.Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in thisunit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the formwhere necessary.Text A bind commitment ground possess regulate surpass virtueText B appoint correspond gaze grasp keen sensible unfoldbound his hands and legs with a rope so he couldn't escape.1) They unfolded the map and tried to find out which way to go.2) Hepossessing guns and attempting to attack the police.3) He's been charged with has surpassed all our expectations —4) The product's success we've never thought that it could sell so well.appointed time, he sat nervously outside her office.5) Ten minutes before the virtues as loyalty, 6) We like to make friends with Shelly because she has such courage, and truthfulness.had corresponded with each other for many years before they 7) Janet and Bob finally met in Paris.gazed steadily at the famous singer, unable to believe she was so close 8) Tina to him.keen eyesight —9) My grandfather still has he is able to read road signs in thedistance.grasped my hand warmly and shook it, saying, 10) The old man “Congratulations. You've won.”grounded because he has collected 11) The lawyer's arguments are well enough proof concerning the case.sensible of you to bring your umbrella to Kunming at this time of 12) It is very the year —it rains so frequently here.13) The President failed in his attempts to win the second term because he commitments made in the previous election.hadn't fulfilled hisregulating the use of chemicals in food, 14) Even though there are strict rules some food producers disregard them intentionally in order to gain more profits.2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Nowthe exercise. Change doing yourself by the blank-filling check forform where necessary.Text A as to break up describe …as distinguish between in so far as take pleasure inText B all of a sudden be under arrest cast an eye over check up on lose track of make a fortune pass on tear down turn updistinguish between colours are said to be colourblind.1) People who cannotchecked up on our horses and pronounced them ) 2) Thoroughly, the vet (兽医fit to race.torn down in the storm, so I need to put up a new one.3) My fence wasmake a fortune out of these useless vases if you call them “antiques 4) You can (古董).”all of a sudden , the child let out a 5) There was silence for a few seconds; then loud scream.lost track of what he was saying after the first couple of sentences —6) I it wastoo complicated.Casting an eye over the audience, he noticed that about one third of the 7) seats were still vacant.broke up when the girl learned that the boy was not to be 8) Their relationship trusted.take pleasure in -hearted girl, should 9) I don't understand why Susan, a kindmy sufferings.described as a painless way of curing cancer, 10) The treatment has been which is untrue.11) The organizers had expected about 500 people to come, but over 1,000 turned up in the end.in so far as she was born in Switzerland, but she became an 12) She is a Swiss American citizen in 1978.is), 13) The 16-year-old boy, who stabbed another boy in a cyber lounge (网吧under arrest and awaiting trial.pass on to 14) “Since we have reached agreement about the first item, let us the next item on the agenda,”said the chairman.as to 15) She gets lost easily while driving; so now whenever she is uncertain which road to take, she will telephone her husband.Increasing Your Word Powerto used together verbs with some 1 The preposition “as”is often describe the fact that sb./sth. has a particular function, role or job. attention to the “verb…Translate the following into Chinese, paying as”collocation.……为1) accept …as 接受为……2) respect …as 尊重定义为3) define …as 把……描述成……4) describe …as 把把……想像成5) picture …as看作把……6) regard …as……看作7) see …as 把看作……8) view …as 把as”“verb + by the following sentences using the complete Now collocation.1) I respect him. In my eyes, he is not only a father, but also a writer.him both as a father and as a writer .I respect2) While listening to the music, I felt as if I were a swan (天鹅) dancing on the lake.myself as a swan dancing on the lake .While listening to the music, I pictured3) He has to face the challenge, thinking it is an opportunity to test his courage. the challenge as an opportunity to test his courage .He accepts4) I feel quite at ease at my aunt's home. In their eyes, I am one of their family members.me as one of their family members .They see5) I didn't mind it at all. He was just making a joke.it as a joke .I viewed6) She told me that Mark was in his late teens, tall and friendly to everyone. Mark as being in his late teens, tall and friendly to everyone .She described7) It was generally agreed that Van Dyck was the greatest painter of his time. as the greatest painter of his time .Van Dyck was generally regarded8) To some, love is a way of life; to others, love is a way to feel.love as a way of life it as a way to feel ., while others define Some defineial al in the words “trial”and “arrival”2 Did you notice the suffix - or -ialal can be added to verbs to form nouns. or -in this unit? The suffix -space the verbs in noun forms of the following Put down theprovided.arrival 1) arrive →trial 2) try →approval 3) approve →betrayal→4) betrayburial →5) burydismissal→6) dismissdisposal 7) dispose →proposal 8) propose →refusal →9) refuseremoval 10) remove →survival →11) survivewithdrawal→12) withdrawthe by choosing in the blanks the following sentences Now fill inexercise. the above from suffix -al or -ial proper words with theChange the form where necessary.refusal , which made me quite upset.1) My offer to help her met with a cold arrivals who would join us in building a 2) We all went out to welcome the new new hospital in our village.removal of my furniture to the new apartment —3) I'm worrying about the those sofas, tables —I cannot handle them all by myself.4) The company can't fire you for refusing to sign that form —it would be an dismissal .unfairsurvival of the missing climbers; they are possibly 5) Hopes are fading for the dead by now.proposal seriously. Do you have any other suggestions?6) We'll consider this disposal of the rubbish?7) I'll do the washing up. Who will see to the approval of our arrangement by nodding his head several 8) He expressed his times.Grammar in Contextllowing sentences containing “no 1 In Unit 2 and Unit 3 you find the fomatter what”, “whenever”and “whatever.”1) And whenever those hands sought mine in the final days of his life, he pressed them both together around one of my hands. (Para. 1, Text B, Unit 2) 2) Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or fromwhat distance we might have to come. (Para. 6, Text B, Unit 3)3) We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be. (Para. 6, Text B, Unit 3)and / where when which what Here no matter / who / / how /no makes however, whatever, whoever, whichever, etc. mean “it tc.)…”.difference what (who, which, how, eNow complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese inthe bracket into English, using “no matter what (who, which, how,etc.)”or “whatever (whoever, whichever, however, etc.)”.whichever tent you are not using now (1) I'll borrow 你们现在不用的任何一顶帐篷).whoever comes / come first (2) Free movie tickets will be given to 最早来的人们).whichever / whatever condition our captain thought3) We agreed to acceptwas the best (任何我们队长认为最佳的条件).Wherever / No matter where I go (无论我走到4) Friends are forever comforts. 哪里) their care follows.whatever wishes their5) It is neither possible nor sensible for parents to satisfychild / children expresses / express (孩子表达的任何愿望).However disappointed / No matter how disappointed you may feel about the 6)surroundings / environment / situation (不管你对环境有多么失望), you're supposed to complain less and work more.Whoever breaks it 7) Respect for the law is the foundation of a civilized society. (不管谁触犯法律) will be punished.whenever he concentrates) 皱眉头8) David is in the habit of knitting his brows (on a problem (每当他集中精力思考问题的时候).2 The structure It is …that / who …is used to achieve emphasis, asshown in the following sentences taken from Text A.who it is iends' sake that those 1) And desire the good of their friends for the frare most truly friends…. (Para. 5)that It is both love and friendship are chiefly found…. 2) between good men (Para. 5)Write any. sentences, if the Now correct the mistakes in following NONE under the correct sentence(s).1) It is not luck but hard work which led him to today's success.It is not luck but hard work that led him to today's success.2) Prof. Moen argues that it is energy makes the world go round.Prof. Moen argues that it is energy that makes the world go round.3) Not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family's trust.It was not until he had proved he was honest that he won the family's trust. 4) It was clearly the headmaster himself whom opened the door for me.It was clearly the headmaster himself who / that opened the door for me.5) What is it that Jack has to take into consideration when applying for the job? NONEClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen fromText A. The initial letter of each is given.lassical (1) views may help us What is genuine friendship? Some c otion (2) of friendship more clearly. Aristotle distinguishesunderstand the ntility (3) and genuine friendship from two other forms: one based on mutual u round (4) for the latter two forms of the other on pleasure. While the gfriendship is closely related to material benefits, short-term interests or age, ccurs (5) only between those who are similar in their genuine friendshipo oodness friends' g(6). Cicero, another ancient scholar, believes that trueo s (7) their honor, purity, equity actions and lives should leave no questionat ossesses (8) any superiority over the other, and liberality. Whether or not one pboth must regard themselves as equals of the other and try their best to ound (9) together, as a preserve the friendship. Moreover, true friends are b irror (10) in which you may perceive and know yourself. friend is said to be am ommitment irtuous (12) to the good, they can (11) friends share a cWhen v xcellence oral (13) and fulfill their self-improvement.recognize each other's meTranslation1 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.1) 以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的。

新世纪大学英语综合教程3unit3答案

新世纪大学英语综合教程3unit3答案

新世纪⼤学英语综合教程3unit3答案Electronic Teaching PortfolioBook ThreeUnit Three: FriendshipPart I Get StartedSection A Discussion▇Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.1Do you have any good friends? What do you usually do with your friends when you are together?2What kind of people do you like to make friends with?3Do you think friendship is a necessity in life? Why or why not?▆Answers for reference:1Hints: playing games, listening to music, going shopping, seeing movies, chatting on the Internet, exchanging gossips, …2Hints:a)Birds of a feather flock together;b)kindness, diligence, intelligence, humor; ready to render help; share the same hobbies, …3Just as fish cannot live without water, we cannot live without friends. Without friends, life would be boring and barren.a) Friends are companions who share both our joys and sadness.b) Friends are mirrors through which we can see our own strengths and weaknesses.c) Friends are tolerant towards us and help us make progress.d) In times of difficulty, friends give us support and encouragement.Section B Quotes▇Study the following quotes about adversity. Which quote do you like best? Why?George Washington⊙True friendship is a plant of slow growth.— George WashingtonInterpretation:Just like plants, friendship needs nurturing. Plants follow the life cycle of seeds, shoots and flowers before they bear fruits. True friendship grows in more or less the same way. It takes time to mature.George Washington (1732-1799): the first President of the US. Washington was commander-in-chief of the colonial army during the American Revolutionary War. After the war he was elected President of the United States twice, but refused to remain in the position for a third time.Benjamin Franklin◎Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing.—Benjamin FranklinInterpretation:Friends and friendships may have great influence on our lives and may last as long as we live. So we should be careful when choosing a friend and should be even more careful when we decide to end the friendship. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790): a US politician, writer, and scientist. He was involved in writing two historically significant documents, the Declaration of Independence (《独⽴宣⾔》) and the Constitution of the United States (《美国宪法》). He is famous for proving that lightning is a form of electricity by doing a scientific test in which he flew a kite during a storm, and he invented the lightning conductor. He is also well known for his literary works such as Poor Richard’s Almanac(《穷理查德年鉴》1732-1757;亦译作《格⾔历书》、《穷理查历书》) and Autobiography (《⾃传》1790).Samuel Johnson◎ A man should keep his friendships in constant repair.—Samuel JohnsonInterpretation:It is important to maintain friendships. Long-standing friendships should be constantly strengthened and developed; otherwise they may fade or even be lost forever.Samuel Johnson (1709-1784): a British critic and dictionary writer. He is famous for his Dictionary ofthe English Language (1755), the first comprehensive dictionary of the English language ever published.He was considered an excellent conversationalist (善于辞令的⼈). His intelligent, amusing, and interesting words are still widely quoted today.Charles Caleb Colton◎True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.—Charles Caleb ColtonInterpretation:Friendship is compared to health. One often fails to see the value of health until it is lost. The same is true of friendships. Charles Caleb Colton (1780-1832): an English clergyman and author. He wrote a large body of writings in his short life, which ended with suicide after an illness. His aphorisms (格⾔,警句) about friendship, integrity (正直, 诚实), wealth, and knowledge are often cited even to this day.Section C Watching and Discussion▇Forrest Gump is a 1994 American film starred Tom Hanks. The story depicts several decades in the life of Forrest Gump, a slow-witted yet athletically talented man who witnesses, and in some cases influences, some of the defining events of the latter half of the 20th century in the United States between 1944 and 1982.Watch the following video clip about young Forrest and Jenny and do the tasks that follow.1Answer the following questions.1)What is “the sweetest voice” Forrest Gump heard? Why was it the sweetest voice?Answers: Jenny’s voice. Jenny was friendly to Forrest.2)What did they usually do together as friends?Answers: They were always together, learning from each other and being happy.2The film Forrest Gump has become a classic. How will you describe the friendship between Forrest, a dumb boy, and Jenny, a beautiful girl?Hints:Jenny is friendly and Forrest honest and sincere, both eager for loving friends, and both eager to please the other.▇Script:(I don’t recall what I got for my first Christmas, and I don’t know when I went on my first outdoor picnic, but I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.)Jenny: You can sit here if you want.(I had never seen anything so beautiful in my life. She was like an angel. )Jenny:Well, are you going to sit down or aren’t you?Jenny: What’s wrong with your legs?Forrest: Nothing at all, thank you. My legs are just fine and dandy.(I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school.)Forrest:My back’s crooked like a question mark.(Next to Mama, no one ever talked to me or asked me questions.)Jenny: Are you stupid or something?Forrest:Mama says, “Stupid is as stupid does.”Jenny:I’m Jenny.Forrest:I’m Forrest, Forrest Gump.(From that day on, we were always together. Jenny and me was like peas and carrots. She taught me how to climb.) Jenny: Come on, Forrest, you can do it.(I showed her how to dangle. She helped me learn how to read, and I showed her how to swing. Sometimes, we’d just sit out and wait for the stars.)Forrest:Mama’s going to worry about me.Jenny: Just stay a little longer.(For some reason, Jenny did never wanna to go home.)Forrest: OK, Je nny, I’l l stay.(She was my most special friend.)Part II Listen and RespondSection B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas▇Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage. 1When do people come into your life “for a reason”?A)When they know you well.B)When you need them in life.C)When you can support their career.D)When they are willing to listen to your troubles.2Who will end the friendship with the person that is in your life for a reason?A)The person himself.B)You.C)Neither you nor the person.D)Both you and the person.3What does a “friend for a season” mean?A)Someone who is good at making you laugh.B)Someone who teaches you how to have fun.C)Someone who will stay in your life for a short time.D)Someone who comes into your life only for fun.4What is a lifetime friend?A)Someone who always helps you out of difficulties.B)Someone who understands you better than anyone else.C)Someone who has experienced hardships with you.D)Someone who together with you makes up a single soul in two bodies.5What is the passage mainly about?A)Three different stages of friendship.B)Three different types of friendship in our life.C)Three different ways of getting along with people.D)Three different lessons on how to be good to your friends.▇Key:1 B2 A3 C4 D5 BSection C Task Two: Zooming In on the Details▇Listen to the passage again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.1People come into our life for a ______________, for a ______________ or for a ______________.2When you __________ why people come into your life, you will know exactly what to do.3When someone is in your life for a reason, it is usually to __________ you have expressed outwardly or ______________. They have come to help you out of a difficulty, or to provide you with____________and __________.4When people come into your life for a season, they may bring you ____________________ or make you ____________. 5Lifetime friendships are based on ___________ and between you and your friend. Lifetime friendships teach you lifetime ______________ and you should learn to ______________ them.▇Answers:1People come into our life for a reason, for a season or for a lifetime.2When you figure out why people come into your life, you will know exactly what to do.3When someone is in your life for a reason, it is usually to meet a need you have expressed outwardly or inwardly. They have come to help you out of a difficulty, or to provide you with guidance and support.4When people come into your life for a season, they may bring you an experience of peace or make you laugh.5Lifetime friendships are based on trust and understanding between you and your friend. Lifetime friendships teach you lifetime lessons and you should learn to accept them.▇Script:A Reason, a Season and a LifetimeWe meet thousands of people in our life. Some come into our life for a reason, some for a season, and some for a lifetime. When you figure out which it is, you will know exactly what to do.When someone is in your life for a REASON, it is usually to meet a need you have expressed inwardly or outwardly. They have come to help you out of a difficulty, or to provide you with guidance and support.Then, without any wrongdoing on your part or at a certain time, this person will say or do something to bring the relationship to an end. Sometimes they die; sometimes they just walk away; and sometimes they force you to do something that you do not like.When people come into your life for a SEASON, it is time for you to share, grow, or learn. They may bring you an experience of peace or make you laugh. They may teach you something you have never done. They usually give you an unbelievable amount of joy, but only for a season.LIFETIME friendships are based on trust and understanding between you and your friend. Together, you have gone through good times as well as bad times. Lifetime friendships teach you lifetime lessons. And your job is to accept the lessons and love the people who teach you how to be good. So, what is a lifetime friend? It is a single soul in two bodies.Part III Read and ExploreText ASection A Discovering the Main IdeasExercise 1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1Why do people tend to have a thin understanding of friendship?2What are the three kinds of friendship according to Aristotle?3What does Cicero emphasize in his definition of friendship?4What is meant by “virtuous friends” according to the classical view?▇Answers for reference:1It is because there is a lack of socially acknowledged criteria for what makes a person a friend.2They are friendship based on utility, friendship based on pleasure and friendship based on goodness.3He emphasizes the element of virtue in friendship.4Virtuous friends possess moral excellence and share a commitment to the good.Exercise 2 Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.Section B In-Depth StudyFriendship is an eternal (永恒的) theme (主题) in human history. A life without friendship is hard to imagine. But what is friendship? Read the following text and see if you can gain some new insights into the true meaning of friendship.What is Friendship?Michele E. Doyle & Mark K. Smith1 When we approach the notion of friendship, our first problem is that there is a lack of firmly agreed and socially acknowledged criteria for what makes a person a friend. In one setting, we may describe someone as a friend; in another, the label may seem less appropriate. Therefore, people tend to have a very thin understanding of what friendship really means. To help us understand what friendship really means, we need to review some classical views of friendship.2 One classical view of friendship is provided by Aristotle, the famous ancient Greek philosopher. Aristotle distinguishesbetween what he believes to be genuine friendships and two other forms: one based on mutual usefulness, the other on pleasure. So, according to Aristotle, we may find three kinds of friendship:3Friendship based on utility. Utility is an impermanent thing: it changes according to circumstances. When the ground for friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up because that is what keeps it alive. Friendships of this kind seem to occur most frequently between the elderly, because at their age what they want is not pleasure but utility. Friendships based on utility are also frequently found among those in middle or early life who are pursuing their own advantage. Such persons do not spend much time together, because sometimes they do not even like one another, and therefore feel no need of such an association unless they are mutually useful. They take pleasure in each other’s company only in so far as they have hopes of advantage from it.4Friendship based on pleasure. Friendship between the young is thought to be grounded on pleasure, because the lives of the young are regulated by their feelings, and their chief interests are in their own pleasure and the opportunity of the moment. As they grow up, however, their tastes change too, so that they are quick to make and to break friendships. That is why they fall in and out of friendship quickly, changing their attitude often, even within the same day. But the young do like to spend the day and live together, because that is how they realize the object of their friendship.5Friendship based on goodness. Perfect friendship is based on goodness.Only the friendship of those who are good, and similar in their goodness, is perfect. And it is those who desire the good of their friends for the friends’ sake that are the truest friends, because each loves the other for what he is, and not for any incidental quality. The conduct of good men is the same or similar. It is between good men that both love and friendship are chiefly found and in the highest form. Such friendships are rare because men of this kind are few and they need time and intimacy; for as the saying goes, true friends must go through trials and tribulations together. And no two persons can accept each other and become friends until each has proved to the other that he is worthy of love, and so won his trust. The wish for friendship may develop rapidly, but true friendship does not.6 Another classical view of friendship can be found in the writings of Cicero, an ancient Roman statesman and orator. His writings on ethics, the philosophy of religion and natural law have been influential. According to Cicero, true friendship is only possible between good men. He further defines “the good” as “those whose actions and lives leave no question as to their honor, purity, equity, and liberality; who are free from greed, lust, and violence; and who have the courage of their convictions.” The friendship between good men, based on virtue, does offer material benefits, but it does not seek them. Moreover, just as in friendships and relationships, those who possess any superiority must regard themselves as equals of those who are less fortunate, so these latter must not be annoyed at being surpassed in genius, fortune, or rank.7 Thus, we may see that the traditional idea of friendship is made up of three components: Friends must enjoy each other’s company; they must be useful to one another; and they must share a commitment to the good. According to the classical views, virtuous friends are bound together, as they recognize each other’s moral excellence. To perceive a friend, therefore, is in a manner to perceive oneself; and to know a friend is ina manner to know oneself. Each can be said to provide a mirror in which the other may see himself. The moral excellence of friendship, thus, involves a high level of development and expression of the altruistic emotions of sympathy, concern and care. Friendship of this kind necessarily involves conversations about well-being and of what might be involved in living the good life.▇课⽂参考译⽂友谊的真谛⽶歇尔〃E〃多伊尔马克〃K〃史密斯1 我们探讨友谊这个概念时,遇到的第⼀个问题是,没有⼀致赞同并获社会公认的认定(某⼈为)朋友的标准。

新世纪大学英语 综合教程2-Unit3习题答案

新世纪大学英语 综合教程2-Unit3习题答案

Unit ThreeChecking Your VocabularyWord Detective1. (page 83)1) d 2) g 3) f 4) e 5) b 6) h 7) a 8) c2. (page 84)1) establish 2) creep 3) resolve 4) refresh 5) occurrence 6) surplus 7) favorable 8) remark3. (page 84)1) work out 2) unused to 3) out of 4) added to 5) walk the streets 6) came on / upon 7) in the mean timeEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action1. (page 87)1) favorable 2) discouraged 3) consented 4) neglect 5) crept6) sufficient 7) traced 8) somewhat 9) refresh 10) worthy11) prospects 12) resolved 13) remarked 14) undergo 15) rewarded2. (page 88)1) pack up 2) many a 3) stays the course 4) put to the test 5) flooding in6) came across 7) come up with 8) plunged…into 9) occurred toIncreasing Your Word Power1. (page 89)1) neglect 2) neglectful 3) colorful 4) colored 5) rough6) tough 7) worth 8) worthy 9) favorable 10) favorite11) respectful 12) respectable 13) respective 14) considerate 15) considerable2. (page 90)1) slice 2) bunch 3) can 4) item 5) slice 6) can 7) article 8) sheet9) particle 10) bar 11) sheet 12) article 13) particle 14) bar 15) bunch 16) item3. (page 90)Nouns / Verbs Suffixes Adjectives Chinese meaningsfashion -able / -ible fashionable 流行的,时髦的note notable 值得注意的,显著的,著名的pay payable 可付的,应付的eat eatable 可以吃的response responsible 负责的,有责任的recognize recognizable 可认识的,可辨认的,可公认的enjoy enjoyable 令人愉快的,可享受的comfort comfortable 舒适的love lovable 可爱的sense sensible 可感觉的,有感觉的,明智的CLOZE (page 92)1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage6) matter 7) plunged 8) break 9) offered 10) dancing11) cleared 12) welled up 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) publishedTRANSLATION (page 93)Rumor has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash / money.It’s good to be confident (about yourself), but there’s a difference between (self-) confidence and conceit.Only those who s tick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6) Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7) In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8) The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training.。

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Unit Three SPACE TRA VELTeaching Objectives:I.Key words and phrases:1.Words: accuracy accurate accuratelyexplore explorer explorationinvent inventor inventionimagine imagination imaginativescience scientist scientific2. Phrases: at the age of at the bottom ofbe regarded as fairy tale have a checkup look intoplay a role in splash downturn on turn offnguage Structure: the attributive clauseIII.Practice and Improvement:Reading Skills: Speed ReadingSpeaking Skills: Talking about Movies and TV playsListening Skills: Sound Recognition, Dialogue, and Spot DictationTranslation Skills: Phases and Attributive ClausesWorking Skills: Sentences Patterns and NotesImportant Points: knowing something about the space and space travelDifficult Points: the attributive clausesTeaching Time: eight periodsTeaching Procedures:The First and Second PeriodsText APre-reading task:1.Have you heard about Jules Verne--- a famous French science fictionwriter?2.What are his famous books?3.Can you talk about something in relation his books?Step 1: Fast-reading of the passageAsk students to read the whole passage firstly and then get the main idea of it .Outline:Para1 Introduction: Jules Verne is a famous French Science fiction writer.Para2 Many of Jules Verne’s attempts to look into future were surprisinglyaccurate.Para3 Jules Vern’s most famous book is Twenty Thousand Leagues under the SeaPara4 Jules Verne is regarded as “ the pioneer of science fiction.”Para5 People named one part of the moon after Jules Verne to honor him Step 2. Language points in passage A:Para11) neither… nor… not one nor the othere.g. They had neither money nor food.Neither you nor I am going to do such a thing.2) adventure n. an exciting or dangerous of journey or activitye.g. Have you read about the adventures of Marco Polo?A flight in an airplane used to be quiet an adventure.3) a number of some quantity or amounte.g. A number of students took part in this meeting.A number of visitors will arrive at our school tomorrow.4) compare exciting with excitede.g. I’m excited to hear the news.The news is exciting .5)fairy talee.g. When I was a child, Grandma told me a lot of fairy tales.Para21) attempt make a start at doing sth.e.g. The prisoners attempted to escape but failed.Don’t attempt impossibilities.2).look into investigate, find oute.g. They will look into that matter.The teacher promised to look further into the problem3)compare where with which w hen they introduce the attributive clausese.g. This is the place where I was born.This is the place which I will not forget for ever.4) return v. come or go backe.g. He returned home yesterday.They will return to London next week.5)splash v. move, fall so that there is splashinge.g. We splashed across the stream/into the lake.The spacecraft splashed down in the Pacific..Para31)at the bottom of at the lowest part of anything, inside or outsidee.g. She put the book at the bottom of the pile.This feeling had long been at the bottom of his heart.Para41) both… and…the one and also the other of the twoe.g. Both she and I are newcomers.You’ve given both your class and your teacher a lot of trouble.2)enlighten v. give more knowledge toe.g. Can you enlighten him on that question, help him to understand itbetter?You’d better first listen to the opinions from both teachers andstudents, and you will be enlightened.3) as well as in addition toe.g. He gave me help as well as advice.We shall travel by night as well as by day.4) be regarded as be considered ase.g. She is regarded as the best students in her class.That brave young man was regarded as hero in the village.5) at the age of limit of a certain agee.g. He became a film star at the age of 18.We usually began to go to schoolPara51) make one’s trip to travel toe.g. I want to make my trip to Shanghai next month.They made their trip to the seaside last summer.2)name after give a name toe.g. This school was named after the hero.They named the girl Mary-after her mother.Step 3: Post-reading:1)Which is Jules Vern’s most famous book?2)Where do many of the adventures in the book take place?3)Jules Verne’s descriptions of the future were always right, weren’t they? Step 4: Reflection after the teaching:The Third and Fourth PeriodsText BPre-reading tasks:1)Do you know something about space travel?2)Who was the first space traveler?3)Do you want to go into outer space some day?Step 1: Fast-reading of the passageAsk students to read the whole passage and then get the main idea of each Paragraph:Outline:I.IntroductionPara1 Animals were sent into space so that scientists could collect someuseful data.II.Main Idea: Animal’s Space TravelPara2 a small Russian dog, Laik space travelPara3 American monkeys, Sam and Miss Sam’s space travelPara4-5 a trained American monkey, Ham’s space travelIII.ConclusionPara6 Animals helped us learn how to make a safe space travel.Step 2: Language points in passage BPara11)As is known to all as you see(as 引导定语从句)众所周知e.g. As is known to all, China is a great country.As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.Compare as is known to all…with it is known to all that2)play a role in play a part ine.g. They played an important role in those practical activities.There is no denying the fact that computerized machinery plays an important role in modern farming.Para2sent out cause(sth. or sb.) to go oute.g. The trees send out new leaves in spring.Para31)checkup n. physical examinatione.g. I’m going to the doctor for a checkup.The doctor gave him a checkup and found nothing wrong.2) right away at oncee.g. We will get there away.You must do the job right away.Para41)turn on start the flow of(liquid, gas, current) by turning a tap or switchturn off stop the flow of (liquid, gas, current) by turning a tap or switche.g. Please turn on the radio.Turn off the lights when you leave the room.2) lift v. raise to a higher level or positione.g. This box is too heavy for me to lift.Help me to lift up the table.Para51) interview v. have an interview withe.g. The newspaper reporters interviewed the hero.He was interviewed by the president.2)Shake hands shake sb. by the hande.g. When she saw her former teacher, she walked towards him and shook hands with him.We often shake hands when we meet friends.Step3 Post-reading:1)Why was Laika sent out from our world into outer space?2)Who were the first American space travelers?3)Where had Ham been?Step 4: Reflection after the teaching:The fifth and sixth periods Direct students to do the exercises after the two passagesThe two speed readings in Practice and ImprovementThe seventh and eighth periods · Cloze Procedure in Practice and Improvement· Speaking Skills· Translation Skills· Writing SkillsReflection after the teaching of Unit Three。

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