十七 Module 5 Period 1 Introduction Reading and Vocabulary 文本研读课 Word版含解析

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课后阅读作业十七Module 5Period 1Ⅰ. 阅读理解AConfucius(551 BC-479 BC)was a thinker, educator, andfounder of the Ru School for Chinese thought.He was a well-known leader in philosophy and he alsomade many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, andthe government that helped many people learn about nature, the world and human beings.Confucius’s social philosophy largely centers around the concept of “ren”, which is“loving others” and “honoring one’s parents”. Those who have developed “ren”are “simple in manner and slow of speech”. For Confucius, such concern for others is proved through the practice of the Golden Rule: “What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others. ”Confucius thinks a good rulership was to have “de”or “virtue”which allows one to win people’s support without using any force and keep good order in his state without troubling himself, and that a ruler should rule his people by his own example and treat them with love andconcern.A characteristic of Confucius’thought is his emphasis(强调)on education and study, “A good teacher is someone who knows well the ways of the past and the practices of the ancients. ”and he also thinks “He who learns but does not think is lost. He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger. ”Confucius did not write down the principles of his philosophy; these were handed down only through his students. Lun Yu, a book compiled(编纂)by some of his students, is considered the most dependable source of information about his life and teachings. One of the historical works that he is said to have compiled and edited, The Spring and Autumn Annals, is describing Chinese history in the state of Lu from 722 BC to 481 BC.Since Confucius’s teachings and philosophy was so advanced, it was the education for China for 2, 000 years. It is called Confucianism.【语篇概述】本文属于人物传记类文章, 主要介绍了孔子的儒家思想对哲学、政治、教育的影响。

1. The passage mainly discusses.A. Confucius and his great thoughtB. the life of ConfuciusC. Confucius’s influence on studentsD. Confucius’s teaching methods【解析】选A。

主旨大意题。

文章的第三段主要讨论的是孔子的社会哲学; 第四段谈论的是他的政治哲学; 第五段是他的教育观点; 所以A符合句意。

2. Confucius’s philosophic thinking can help people know about all the following EXCEPT.A. humansB. natureC. the worldD. the sun【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据第二段的后半部分“. . . helped many people learn about nature, the world an d human beings. ”可知没有提到D项。

3. Which of the following expresses Confucius’s educational idea?A. What you do not wish for yourself, do not do to others.B. Learning and thinking should go hand in hand.C. “Loving others” and “honoring one’s parents”.D. A ruler should love and care about his people.【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

A、C都反映了他的社会观, D反映了他的政治观, 从第五段可以看出B反映了他的教育观。

4. We can infer from the passage that a teacher should be a person who.A. is old and experienced enoughB. learns but doesn’t thinkC. does things according to good old waysD. thinks a lot but doesn’t learn【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

从倒数第三段中“A good teacher is someone who knows well the ways of the past and the practices of the ancients”可知孔子认为老师应该是一个熟悉过去并且身体力行的人, 因此选C。

B(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860—1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907—1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes a nd oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor(1930—present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员)and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913—2005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in, ”said Parks.【语篇概述】本文是一篇人物传记, 介绍了四位在人类历史上做出突出贡献的女性。