1.第一讲作业--名词,代词,it的用法总结
1名词和代词
Contents●第一章：重点词性●名词、代词、形容词、冠词●动词、副词●第二章：句子成分●主语、谓语、宾语●附加成分与句型结构●第三章：各类句子与从句●并列结构、并列句与主谓一致●名词性从句●状语从句●定语从句●第四章：非谓语轻松搞定●动名词●分词●动词不定式与独立主格●第五章：语气句型●虚拟语气●省略句●倒装句●第一章第一讲：名词●名词的基本用法：basic usage of the nouns●名词的分类：types of noun●名词的数：number of noun●名词的格：case of noun●一.名词的概念和基本用法●名词是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物名称的词。
如：●人的名字（Henry 亨利、Jack 杰克、Bingyu 炳玉）；●职业称呼（doctor 医生、pilot 飞行员）（推荐歌曲peerless）；●物品名称（radio 收音机、watch 手表）；●地名（London、Paris）;●抽象概念（courage 勇气、behaviour 举止）等。
●名词经常与其他词连用形成名词短语，如：●the man;●the woman next door;●that tall building等。
二.名词的分类Practice:1.I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.A. twoB. piecesC. two piecesD. two pieces of2.My teacher gave me __________.A. a good adviceB. some good advicesC. some good adviceD. good advices三.名词的数1.名词的单数和复数形式拼写规则单数复数一般情况下大多数名词后面加-s cattubcatsTubs以-o,-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词后加-es potatoclassboxwatchbrushpotatoes(区别photos)classesboxeswatchesBrushes辅音字母+-y结尾的普通名词，去-y加-ies;但注意元音字母+-y结尾的名词直接加-s countryboycountriesboys以-y结尾的专有名词后面加-sKennedy Kennedys以-f,-fe结尾的名词，把-f,-fe变为-veswife wives不规则变化manoxsheepmenoxensheep ●Practice:●写出下列词的复数● 1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______● 4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my __________●7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch_______●10.sheep ____ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ______●13.German________ 14.Chinese_________● 1. books 2. buses 3. oranges● 4. babies 5. boys 6. our● 7. their 8. knives 9. watches ● 10. sheep 11. teeth 12. leaves● 13. Germans 14. Chinese●四.名词的格●概念和作用：“名词所有格”狭隘一点可以理解为某一名词（物或者人）被另一名词（物或者人）所拥有的一种表达格式。
（完整版）It的用法总结
（完整版）It的用法总结It的用法总结在英语中,it有许多不同的用法,它既可以用作代词(如人称代词、非人称代词)，也可以用作引导词（作形式主语或形式宾语），还可以用来构成强调句型。
.it用作代词(1) 用作人称代词在句子中作主语或宾语；指前面已经提到过的事物、动物或人，且it指特定的事物；如果指前文中提到的事物中的任何一个，用one。
one可以与any, each, every, not等连用，但one 不可代替不可数名词。
—where’s your car?—it’s in the garage. 你的汽车在哪儿呢？在车库里。
(指代物品your car)did you hit it? 你打中了吗？ (指代事件)the baby cried when it was hungry.这婴儿饿时就哭。
（指代婴儿，尤指性别不详或无所谓时）—who is that?—it’s me. 是谁？我。
(指一定情景中所确定的人或事物，此时相当于指示代词，代指this和that,有时也指人)—what’s this?—it’s a box. 这是什么？一只箱子。
(2) 作非人称代词表示天气、日期、时间、温度、距离、价值、路程、度量、自然现象与环境等。
也可模糊地指一般情形或上文的部分或整个意思。
译成汉语时，it通常不一定译出来。
it’s a long time since they left. 他们走后很久了。
it’s two miles to the beach.离海滨有两英里远。
that’s just it—i can’t work when you’re making so much noise.原因就在这里——你弄出这么大的声音，我工作不了。
另外，需要注意两点：（1）“it’s time…”后面可以接不定式和介词短语表示“是做……的时候了”。
如：it’s time for supper. it’s time to have supper.(2) “it’s time…”后面还可以接一个从句，但是从句中的谓语动词一定要用过去式即虚拟语气，如：it’s time we had lunch.是我们吃饭的时候了。
中考英语语法复习名词代词数词冠词和介词
第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。
二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。
如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。
如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
(高中段)第一讲自练基础语法—名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词和副词(自修课)
语法填空对语法知识的考查，兼顾词、句、篇三个层面，考查的覆盖面广， 涉及的考点全且重点突出。针对这一考查实情且结合二轮复习实际，本专题的 复习我们先研究高考常考的语法考点，做到学习无盲点；再研究语法填空题的 解题技法，做到稳准解题有办法。
[特色编排] 本书在编写语法知识这一板块时采用“基础语法少讲精练， 重难语法精讲多练”这一原则，使考生在二轮“时间短、任务重”这一形势下， 把握好复习的重心所在。
以 f 或 fe 结尾的 (1)变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 es 的名词有：
名词
self, life, thief, wife, knife, leaf, shelf, wolf, half (2)直接加 s 的有：roof, belief, chief, proof, cliff
变内部元音字母 (1)“oo”变“ee”的词有：tooth, foot, goose 等
以 s，x，sh，ch 等结尾的名词
加 es。如：box→boxes, bush→bushes
以辅音字母＋y 结 先变 y 为 i 再加 es。如：variety→varieties, city→cities
尾的名词
(1)表示有生命的人或物的名词后加 es， 如：hero→heroes, tomato→tomatoes 以 o 结尾的名词 (2)表示无生命的物的名词后加 s， 如：piano→pianos, photo→photos
○21 (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This development was only possible with the introduction (introduce)
of electricpowered engines and lifts.
高考英语It的用法
高考英语It的用法It是高考英语中一个极其重要的词，其用法多样，在不同的语境中具有不同的意义。
下面我们将从it的用法、句型和固定搭配三个方面进行讲解。
一、it用作实词1、表示时间、天气、距离、温度等自然现象。
例如：It is Monday today.今天是星期一。
It is raining outside.外面正在下雨。
It is 5 kilometers away from here.距离这儿有5公里远。
2、表示观点、看法、态度等主观想法。
例如：I think it is a good idea.我认为这是一个好主意。
We think it is important to learn English well.我们认为学好英语很重要。
二、it用作形式主语当不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的主语放在句尾。
例如：It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
It took me an hour to finish the homework.我花了一个小时完成作业。
三、it用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的宾语放在句尾。
例如：I think it is important to learn English well.我认为学好英语很重要。
He found it hard to learn English well.他发现学好英语很难。
四、it用于强调句型中强调句型是英语中一个重要的句型，用于突出强调某个成分，特别是主语、宾语和状语等。
在强调句型中，it没有实际意义，只是起到引导作用。
例如：It is I who am the best student in my class.我是班里最好的学生。
大山外语小升初6年级内部讲义电子版(上)概要
大山外国语学校六升初英语知识总汇之基础知识篇(上)大山小升初升学考试专用内部资料第一讲名词（Noun）一、名词名词是用来表示人、动物、物品、地点名称的词。
这类词在句子中起非常重要的作用。
我们在认识一种事物的时候首先接触到的就是名词。
名词属于实词，有具体的含义。
比如：mother, water, bag, school, John 等，都是名词。
二、名词的种类名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。
1、普通名词是指一般的人、食物或是一个抽象概念的名称。
（1）个体名词：表示某类人或事物之中的某一个体。
如：teacher , car , pen，son等（2）集体名词：表示相关的人或事物所构成的集合体。
如：class , team ,people ,Family等（3）物质名词：2、专有名词是指特定的人、事物、地点、机构等专有的名称的词。
人名：John 约翰Tom 汤姆Lucy 露西国家和城市：China 中国America 美国Canada 加拿大Beijing 北京London 伦敦建筑：the Great Wall 长城the Summer Palace 颐和园星期、月份、节日：Monday 星期一Sunday 星期日June 六月the Spring Festival 春节注意：要记住所有专有名词的第一个字母都要大写，名字、国家、城市、建筑、月份、节日第一个字母都要大写！三、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词1）可数名词表示可以以数计算的名词，也就是可以数的名词，叫做可数名词。
如：a dog 一只狗an apple 一个苹果 a student 一个学生当我们想要表达两个或两个以上的东西时，就要用它们的复数形式。
如：two dogs 两只狗three apples 三个苹果many students 很多学生2）名词变复数的规则A）一般情况下在名词词尾+ smap 地图→maps bag 书包→bagsB) 以s,x,sh,ch,结尾的名词变复数+ esbus 公交车→buses box 盒子→boxeswatch 手表→watches potato 土豆→potatoes C）以“o”结尾的名词，分两种情况1）有生命的+es mango 芒果→mangoes hero 英雄→heroes2) 无生命的+s Photo 照片→photos radio 广播→radios D）以y 结尾的名词需变y为i再+ esbaby 婴儿→babiesE) 以f/fe结尾的名词需去f/fe再+ veswolf 狼→wolves knife 小刀→knivesF) 单复同形sheep 绵羊deer 鹿people 人们police 警察Chinese 中国人Japanese 日本人G) 不规则变化man 男人→men woman 女人→womenfoot 脚→feet child 孩子→childrentooth 牙齿→teeth goose 鹅→geese3）不可数名词这些词通常是些表示液态，气态和食物的单词。
one，that和it的用法和区别
one，that 和it的用法和区别以下是小编为大家整理的one，that 和it的用法总结，希望能帮助大家提高英语水平。
一、that的用法1、that用来指前文中确定的非同一事物，常用来替代与定冠词或形容词性物主代词连用的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the+名词”，其复数形式为those。
2、that表替代时为始终是特指(作指示代词和关系代词用时另论)，可指上文谈到的人、物或情况(均为单数)，可代替可数名词和不可数名词。
3、若that所代替的内容为前置用法，即要代替的内容将出现在下文中，一般用this,these或the following表示。
1.—He was nearly drowned once—When was_______?(NMET2002 Beijing spring)—_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This2.Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ from______ (2003 Shanghai spring,26)A.those of the pastB.the pastC.which of the pastD.those past3.Few pleasure can equal __of a cool drink on a hot day. (NMET99,17; NMET99 Guangdong,29)A.some B,any C.that D.those4.The population of Sichuan Province is larger than ____of any province in China.A.oneB.itC.thatD.the one5.What I want to suggest is_____: Everyone should have another try. We needn’t only wait for help.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one6.You see, the accident happened like_____: The red car hit the bus and made all the traffic stop.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one7.Listen! ________ is about the lessons we will have to finish today.A.ItB.The oneC.The followingD.One8.The climate here is quite different from____ of Shengyang.A.thatB.itC.oneD.the one9.The study of idioms is as important as____ of grammar.A.oneB.that B.it D.this10.My seat is next to_____ of my teacher.A.thatB.itC.thisD.one二、it的用法1、it指代上文所提事物的本身(it表时间、强调等的用法此处不阐明)，如果所代替的事物为复数，则应该用they或them表示。
代词 名词 【用法讲解】
物主代词表示所有关系，它可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式。
单 数 复 数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性
物主代词 my your his, her, its our your their
如：What’s that over there? 那是什么？
3）the other，others，the others，another
others 表示泛指其他的人或者事物（但不一定是剩下的全部）。
如：Some boys are cleaning the door, some are sweeping the floor, and others are playing outside.
Neither of us are your teachers. 我们两个都不是你的老师。
either意思为“两者之间的任何一个”。
如：I have two tickets. Either you or your brother can go with me.
我有两张票，你或者你的弟弟可以和我一起去。
我妹妹今天晚上有许多家庭作业要做。
5. 关系代词和疑问代词
1）关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等；另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词（通称为先行词）。
如： He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。
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语法强化班（第一次作业）一、单项选择题：（）1. This room is their and that room is .A. parents’, John’s and Mike’sB. parent’s, John and Mike’sC. parents’, John and Mike’sD. parent’s ,John and Mike’s( )2.She is a friend of ________. A. my B. mine C. I D. he( )3. Frank can’t find ____ dictionary . Can you lend ____ to _____?A. her, mine, herB. it, yours, heC. his , yours , himD. him, you, his( )4.The man is rich , he can buy ___ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself D. herself( )5. Do you have _____ to do this evening?A. important somethingB. anything importantC. something importantD. important something( )6.We found ________very difficult to learn Japanese. A. this B. that C. it D.its( )7 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please?A. potatoB. Potato sC. potatoesD. potatoe( )8.What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes( )9-Would you like___tea?-No, thanks. I have drunk two____.A. any, bottles of orangeB. some, bottles of orangeC. many, bottles of orangesD. few, bottle of oranges( )10.He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.A. two breadsB. two piece of breadC. two pieces of breadD. two pieces of bread s二、找出下列句子中的错误并改正：1）She went to the library with two ladies friends.2）We are Frenchmen, and they are Germen.3）I don’t have something to tell you.4) Neither of them are from America.5) What’s the weather like today? Today is rainy.三、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空：1、Meimei learnt to speak English by ________. (she)2、My radio is not so good as ________. (he)3、The girl under the tree is a friend of ________. (Lucy)4、A friend of ________will come to see her tomorrow. (she)5、Miss Li doesn't like that bag. She prefers ________. (I)四、阅读理解：A very old lady won a million dollars in a lottery(彩票).Her son and his wife heard the news on the radio.“How are we going to tell your mother?” the wife asked. “it might kill her! ”“That's right.” the son said, “perhaps we'd better tell her doctor about it. He'll know how to tell the news to her.”Then they told it to the old lady's doctor.“I'm glad you told me.” he said, “a shock (打击), even a happy one could bring on a heart problem. Leave it to me. I'll find a way of telling her.”He thought about the problem for several days, then decided what he would say. He went to visit the old lady andsat by her side. He took her hands in his.“Let's play a game, my dear.” he said.“Oh, yes.” the old lady said, “I love playing games.”“Good, I'll ask you a question first.” the doctor said, “tell me, what would you do if you won a million dollars in the lottery?”“Oh, that's an easy one.” the old lady said, “I'd give you most of it because you have been so good to me all these years! ”The doctor fell on the floor. He had died of a shock.根据短文内容判断正误（T或F）（）1. The old lady got the news first.（）2. The doctor said that he was glad when they asked him for help.（）3. One day the doctor had a talk with the old lady at the doctor's clinic.（）4. The old lady would give the doctor most of the money if she won.（）5. The good news became a bad thing because it killed the doctor.五．完形填空A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.You may hear “hot dog” 1 i n other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I would love to go.” Or, you could say, “4 ! I would love to go.”People 5 use the expression to describe (描写)someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show ever yone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows (鞠躬) to the crowd, hoping to win their 10.1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply3. A. if B. how C. when D. where4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches。