贵州省贵阳市2018-2019学年高三适应性考试(二模)英语试题

2018-2019学年本试卷满分120分。

考试用时100分钟。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADavid George Haskell, The Songs of TreesHaskell makes repeated visits to a dozen trees around the world. “The forest presses its mouth to every 1iving creature and breathes,”he writes in the Amazonian rainforest in Ecuador, a place of plant diversity. There he climbs to the crown of a giant ceiba (木棉) tree at least 150 years old and traces its connections to plant, animal, bacteria and fungal (真菌) life. He visits an olive farm in Jerusalem, and tracks seasons of new growth after a green ,ash falls on the Cumberland plateau (高原) in Kentucky. On New York’s Upper West Side he has a Gallery pear planted above the subway, describing how the city’s sounds affect the tree’s growth. Each highly observed essay is resonant (共鸣) as a poem.Meg Howrey, The WanderersHowrey’s new novel was inspired by a 2011 news report on Mars 500, a 520-day simulation (模拟训练) of a space trip to Mars with a six-member crew from Russia, China and Europe. She gives equal time to Yoshi, Sergei and Helen, a crew of threeastronauts from Japan, Russia and the US, who hope to be chosen for the Mars trip sponsored by a private pany. As they endure a 17-month simulation; each must prove to have the power to stand the enforced training and the series of calculated failures created by the “SIM”team. The key question for each: “Does it feel real?”Douglas Coupland, Bit RotCanadian writer, designer and artist Coupland names his new collection of stories and essays for a digital archiving term describing how files can be freely sorted. With characteristic intelligence, he develops that term to describe “the way my brain has been feeling since 2000, as I have older and weaker neurons（神经元）, and create and improve new and unexpected ones.”Bit Rot offers priceless insights. Few people are better at explaining the consequences of the digital age.Elif Batuman, The IdiotSelin, the daughter of Turkish immigrants, arrives at Harvard in 1995, is ready to take on all challenges that e her way. She makes friends with Svetlana, a Serbian classmate, and bees close with Ivan, a Hungarian upperclassman. Thanks to Ivan, she spends the summer after her freshman year in Europe, with a job of teaching English in Hungarian villages. Selin is open-minded and adventurous; Batuman’s wisdom describes Selin’s experience of love and life.1. What does Haskell plant above the subway?A. giant ceiba.B. An olive.C. A green ash.D. A Callery pear.2. Which book roots in a news report?A. The Songs of Trees.B. The Wanderers.C. Bit Rot.D. The Idiot.3. Where is Sergei from?A. Japan.B. Canada.C. Russia.D. Hungary.4. Who wrote a collection of stories and essay?A. David George Haskell.B. Meg Howrey.C. Douglas Coupland.D. Elif Batuman.BToronto in Canada is one of those cities that people visit and then dream of living in. It’s large, but not too large; prosperous（繁荣的）, but not expensive. But most importantly, Toronto is very open and tolerant. The city, the capital of the region of Ontario, is one of the world’s most multicultural cities.The fact that 140 languages are spoken in the city tells a story. What’s more, 12.5 percent of the city’s population is Chinese.With all the different groups in the city, you’d expect a variety of foods to try. And, sure enough, there are many different restaurants in Toronto, from Vietnamese to Ethiopian. Many of them are found in the Kensington Market area, where there’s also music to hear and art to See.This multicultural background is probably one of the reasons that many people consider it a mysterious place. Speaking to BBC News, blogger Alyssa James said: “The city doesn’t give up its secrets easily. I love Toronto because you really have tolove and know it.”Toronto is a great place to explore if you want to get the most out of it. James mentioned the beaches, which are close to the city and have wonderfully clean sand and water. The good thing is that getting around in Toronto is easy, since it has a very good public transport system. It also has a reputation of being home to many talented puter geniuses. So, if you’re hoping to work in the technology industry, Toronto is a place to consider moving to.With all this to offer, it’s not surprising that this Canadian city is an attractive destination, whether you’re going on a vacation or even looking for a home.5. What do people think of Toronto in Canada?A. A place people used to visit most.B. The largest city in Canada.C. The most expensive city.D. An open and tolerant place.6. What can we learn about Toronto?A. People can experience different cultures.B. 12.5% of the residents are from France.C. Vietnamese foods are the most popular.D. People can appreciate only African music.7. What make people think T oronto a mystery?A. puter geniuses.B. Residents.C. Diverse cultures.D. Beaches.CAs Congress and the public wrestle with the Facebook scandal（丑闻）, manypeople are now realizing the risks of data collection to them. Facebook recently admitted that nearly all of its 2.2 billion users have had data scraped（篡改）by “ill-natured”people or panies. The firm itself has joined calls for better privacy（隐私）regulations.For years, watchdogs have been warning about sharing information with data-collecting panies. Most casual internet users are only now realizing how easy and mon it is for irresponsible and unknown organizations to collect detailed digital data of them. They do this by bining the separate bits of information consumers have given up to e-tailers, health sites, quiz apps and countless other digital services.A study from researchers at the University of Queensland shows that staying off of Facebook for five days can actually lower levels of the stress in the body. Yet despite the study, and the recent DeleteFacebook movement, Facebook user statistics remain strong.As scholars of public responsibility and digital media systems, we know that the business of social media is based on user data and offering it for sale. There’s no single way for them to protect data as many users might expect. Like the social pollution of fake news, bullying（欺诈）and junk mail that Facebook’s platform spreads, the pany’s privacy crisis also results from a power imbalance—Facebook knows nearly everything about its users, who know little to nothing about it.It’s not enough for people to delete their Facebook accounts. Nor is it likely that anyone will successfully replace it with a nonprofit alternative centering on privacy and responsibility. Besides, this problem is not specific just to Facebook! Other panies,including Google and Amazon, also gather and use extensive personal data, and are locked in a digital arms race that we believe threatens to destroy privacy altogether.8. What does the underlined word “this”in the second paragraph refer to?A. Sharing information with data-collecting.B. Collecting detailed digital data of consumers.C. bining the separate information of panies.D. Quiz apps and countless other digital services.9. We can infer from the text that protecting personal data is .A. difficultB. easyC. voluntaryD. dangerous10. What would be the best title for the text?A. The Personal Data of People.B. The Online Quiz App.C. The Business of Facebook.D. Facebook’s Privacy Troubles.11. What will the writer most probably discuss next?A. Policy for Google and Amazon.B. Business pattern of Facebook.C. Age range of Facebook consumers.D. Measures about personal data security.DWhere does the meat on our table e from? It usually es from livestock like chickens and cows. But did you know that meat can also be made in a lab? US pany JUST has announced that lab-grown meat could be on some, restaurant menus in theUnited States and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported.“These meats include chicken nuggets （鸡块）, sausage and foie gras （鹤肝酱）, “Josh Tetrick, CEO of JUST, told The Independent. Lab meat is sometimes referred to as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells（干细胞）of living livestock. The cells need to be grown in a lab for a few weeks. For example, making a hamburger patty（肉饼）takes about nine weeks, N reported. This is faster than raising a cow, which usually takes over 20 weeks.The first clean meat was a beef burger that was produced in 2013, but it was said to taste quite dry. How does clean meat taste now? Clean meat supporters told N that they think it tastes just like traditional meat.Clean meat has other advantages. It is healthier than traditional meat. Meat producers can control what type of Fat goes into the meat. They can produce clean meat that contains healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids（脂肪酸）. This kind of fat is good for people’s hearts.Clean meat can also help to solve global warming. According to The Washington Post, about 14.5 percent of the planet’s greenhouse gas emissions（排放）e from raising livestock. That’s more than the emissions from every car, train, ship and airplane in the world bined. It is predicted that switching to clean meat could lower greenhouse gas emissions by 96 percent, The Independent reported.12. Where may the meat we eat e from in future?A. panies.B. Greenhouses.C. Labs.D. Restaurants.13. What can be used to make “clean meat”?A. Stem cells.B. Fatty acids.C. Hamburger patties.D. Chicken nuggets.14. What is the advantage of clean meat?A. It is fatty.B. It is healthy.C. It is free.D. It is smelly.15. What do we know about dean meat from the last paragraph?A. It es from livestock.B. It can be switched off.C. It results in global warming.D. It benefits environment.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。