中国行政级别英文对照
美国和英国警察的警衔-中英文对照
精心整理美国警察的警衔美国因为是联邦制国家，各州法律不同，所以警察没有全国统一的警衔，各州各行其是，大都把职务和警衔等融为一体。
纽约市的警察有十个等级，包括：总局长、分局长、助理分局长、副分局长、督察、助理督察、警长、副警长、警官、巡警。
洛杉矶市的警衔有九级：局长、副局长、分局长、上尉、组长、巡官、刑警、巡佐、警员。
纽约警察局(NYPD)警衔：Officer=警员Detective=警探Sergeant=警司Lieutenant=警督Captain=警监DeputyInspector=副高级警监Inspector=高级警监DeputyChief=副总警监AssistantChief=助理总警监BureauChief=处总警监ChiefofDepartment=局总警监NYPD的中低各衔别还分具体档次,这点与LAPD警衔是一样的.但与LAPD不同的是,NYPD最高首长并非局总警监,而是PoliceCommissioner=警察专员.警察专员之下还有若干DeputyPolicerCommissioner=副警察专员(包括一名FirstDeputyPoliceCommissioner=第一副警察专员).警察专员与副警专员均为文职,所以并不算警衔.而作为NYPD警衔最高的局总警监,行政地位要低于警察专员和副警察专员.洛杉机警察局(LAPD)警衔PoliceOfficer=警员PoliceDetective=警探PoliceSergeant=警司PoliceLieutenant=警督PoliceCaptain=警监PoliceCommander=警长PoliceDeputyChief=副总警监ChiefofPolice=总警监说明:从警官到警监,各级内还有不同档次.比如,警官分为1/2/3级,刚服役新警衔别为1级警官,依此类推.总警监只有一名,既LAPD局长,是LAPD最高首长.佛蒙特州警(VTSP)警衔Trooper=警员Corporal=警士Sergeant=警司Lieutenant=警督Captain=警监Major=警长LieutenantColonel=副总警监Colonel=总警监佛蒙特州警是美国典型的州级警察,行政上隶属于该州公安厅领导.除了警员分为2级与1级两档外,其他衔别没有档次.总警监只有一名,担任佛蒙特州警主任.佛蒙特州警(VTSP)警衔马里兰州警察厅(MDSP)警衔图表TROOPER=警员(无警章)TROOPERFIRSTCLASS=一级警员CORPORAL=警士SERGEANT=警司DETECTIVESERGEANT=调查警司FIRSTSERGEANT=一级警司SERGEANTMAJOR=警司长LIEUTENANT=警督CAPTAIN=警监MAJOR=警长LIEUTENANTCOLONEL=副总警监SUPERINTENDENT=总警监马里兰州警衔中,警员分为2档,警司分为4档.总警监只有一名,即州警察厅长.波士顿警察局(BPD)警衔Officer=警员Detective=警探Sergeant/SergeantDetective=警司/调查警司Lieutenant/LieutenentDetective=警督/调查警督Captain/CaptainDetective=警监/调查警监DeputySuperientendent=副总警监Superintendent=总警监SuperintendentInChief=首席总警监Commissioner=专员专员是文职,作为BPD局长,全体警察均向其负责.马里科帕县执法官公署(MCSO)警衔DeputySheriff/DetentionOfficer=副执法官/拘留官Sergeant=执法警司Lieutenant=执法警督Captain=执法警监DeputyChief=副总执法警监ChiefDeupty=首席副执法官Sheriff=执法官说明:以上是美国典型的县级警察.在美国,绝大多数州(state),州以下最大的行政区域为县(county).县府(countyseat)则多为实行自制的城(镇).上例中的马里科帕县的县府风凰城,是亚利桑纳州最大城市.风凰城警察局与马里科帕县执法官公署互不隶属,前者在城市区内执法,后者则在县内其他区域执法.美国县级警察另一特点是高度独立性.县执法官(countysheriff)是选举产生的官员,其公署并不对县长或县议会负责,而是直接接受县内居民监督.相对而言,美国主要城市警察局局长是由市长或市议会委任,要接受委任者的直接领导.县执法官公署与城市警察局在组织上另一大区别在于前者除了执法职能外,还有狱政功能.美国监狱系统分为联邦,州,县三级.所以县执法官公署内部通常分为两个分部:警察,监狱.但在警衔上则是统一的.国家海洋大气局军团(NOAACorps)军衔,分为9级,全部为军官ViceAdmiral=中将RearAdmiral=少将RearAdmiral(lowerhalf)=低级少将,相当于准将Captain=上校Commander=中校LieutenantCommander=少校Lieutenant=上尉Lieutenant(juniorgrade)=中尉Ensign=少尉NOAA是美国商务部下属机构,应工作需要拥有自己的船队飞机,管理体制模仿美国海军舰队,故有类似海军组织和军衔.大多数情况下,NOAA军团团长领少将衔,中将极少见.补充：美国联邦政府对7个组织授予军衔,这些组织人事结构军事化,并有自己的制服,故英文称为U.S.UniformedServices.其中5个组织即美军5军种,共同组成美国武装部队(U.S.ArmedForces).另外2组织:美国海洋大气局军团(NOAACorps)和美国公共卫生局军团(PHSCC).PHSCC以美国卫生长(U.S.SurgeonGeneral)为首,领中将衔.注意,这里的美国卫生长是卫生与人类服务部(HHS)下的官员,并非三军军医长,虽然英文名字都叫SurgeonGeneral)英国警察的警衔(由低至高):警员Constable、高级警员SeniorConstable、警长Sergeant、警署警长StationSergeant、见习督察ProbationaryInspectorofPolice、督察InspectorofPolice、高级督察SeniorInspectorofPolice、总督察ChiefInspectorofPolice、警司SuperintendentofPolice、高级警司SeniorSuperintendentofPolice、总警司ChiefSuperintendentofPolice、助理警务处长AssistantCommissioner、高级助理警务处长SeniorAssistantCommissioner、警务处副处长DeputyCommissioner、警务处处长CommissionerofPolice。
我国涉外人员英文名片的撰写和翻译
上海科技翻译S hang ha i J ou rna l of T ransla tors f or S cience and T echnology1999N o.1我国涉外人员英文名片的撰写和翻译董金伟 名片,根据其持有者不同的交际意图,英语中可分别称作visiting card,calling card, nam e card,bu siness card,或干脆简称为card。
按照《现代汉语词典》的释义,它是指“旧时拜访人或跟人相互联系时所用的长方形纸片,上面印着自己的姓名、职业、地位等”。
显然,这样的解释已经过时。
名片不只是前人所用,在当今的社会交往中它同样发挥着非常重要的作用。
目前我国许多涉外人员使用英文名片,或在汉字名片上加印英文翻译,形成汉—英对照式名片。
然而就笔者所见,很多这类汉—英对照式名片的英文翻译极不规范,存在着诸如单位名称翻译混乱,职务、职称表意不清、人名书写名、姓不分,地名,地址不合英语行文习惯等问题,给对外交际造成不应有的误解。
在剖析大量错误译例的基础上,笔者就以下四个方面提出名片汉英翻译方法。
一、要完整、准确,译出内涵就“公司”一词的英文翻译而言,已有多位作者撰文加以辩析,提出了许多有益的见解。
笔者也就这一问题与我校外教多次探讨,并查阅有关资料,对它们大体区分如下: com p any多指从事买卖活动的中、小型贸易公司,即使有些目前已成很大规模,也多是由小公司发展而来,因此保留了com p any 的名称;co rpo rati on指具有法人资格,能够独立经营的大型营业机构,常用于指总公司;此外,这两个词还有英美习惯用法的不同,英国人喜欢用com p any,美国人倾向于co rpo2 rati on。
firm特指经营实体和商行,常作为公司被间接提及,如:the law(p rin ting,ac2 coun ting,engineering)firm等,很少直接用做公司名称;group指多家或相对独立的多个实体联营的集团公司,常作为注释放在括号里;ho lding(s)指集团公司中居于首要地位的控股公司;L td指责任有限公司;com2 b ine指为特定目的而联合起来的集团公司; p artnersh i p指由股东联合经营并共负盈亏的公司;com p lex强调了公司的业务范围和经营品种多样化;tru st指从事同类产品生产在生产上有密切关系的联合体,即“托拉斯”; conglom erate指联合大企业公司;ven tu re指创办产业;estab lishm en t指各类公司所在的场所;m u ltinati onal和tran snati onal则是多国或跨国公司;concern与firm用法大体相当;bu siness和hou se分别指公司业务和场所;office、b ranch常指公司办事处或分公司。
海员职位英语对照
职位英语对照1.甲板部 Deck department船长 Captain(Master)大副 Chief officer二副 Second officer三副 Third office驾助 Assistant officer见习驾驶员 Cadet管事 Purser报务员 Radio office水手长 Boatswain(Bosun)一水、舵工 Able bodiedsailor(quarter?master)(helms man) (Able seaman)AB二水 Ordinary sailor (ordinary seaman) OS 木匠 Carpenter2.机舱部 Engine?room department轮机长 Chief engineer大管轮 Second engineer二管轮Third engineer三管轮 Fourth engineer轮机助理 Assistant engineer电机员 Electrical engineer机匠长 No.1 motorman机匠、加油Motorman/oiler冷藏员 Refrigerating engineer 见习轮机员 Assistant engineer 机舱实习生（学徒）Engine cadet 钳工 Fitter3.业务部 Steward department大厨 Chief cook二厨 Second cook餐厅服务员 Mess boy清洁工 Wiper大台服务员 Cheef steward小台服务员 Steward医生Doctor4.其它 Others引航员 Pilot代理 Agent船舶供应商 Shipchandler值守人员 Watch man港长 Harbour master海关官员 Customs officer移民官员 Immigration officer水上警察 Water police监督员 Superintendent验船师、检验员 Surveyor检疫官员 Quarantine officer巴拿马证船员中英文职位对照表职务（中文）职务（英文简写）职务（英文）船长 CAPT MASTER大副 C/O FIRST DECK OFFICER二副 2/O SECOND DECK OFFICER三副 3/O THIRD DECK OFFICER轮机长 C/E CHIEF ENGINEER OFFICER大管轮 1/E FIRST ENGINEER OFFICER二管轮 2/E SECOND ENGINEER OFFICER三管轮 3/E THIRD ENGINEER OFFICER水手长 BSN BOSUN木匠 CARP CARPENTER付水手长 CASS CASSAB一水 A.B ABLE SEAMAN二水 O.S ORDINARY SEAMAN甲板实习生 D/C DECK CADET铜匠 FTR FITTER加油长 NO.1 NO.1 OILER机工 MM MOTORMAN加油 OIL OILER抹油 WIP WIPER轮机实习生 E/C ENGINE CADET电工 E/E ELECTRICIAN大厨 CH/C CHIEF COOK水手厨 CR/C CREW COOK大台（服务生） M/B STEWARD二台（服务生） M/B MESS BOY船上组织系统和人员职责一、船上组织系统远洋货轮一般都在万吨以上，全船人员一般定员19—24人。
国家机构及职务英文译词汇总
国家机构及职务英文译词汇总1. State Council - 国务院2. Ministry of Foreign Affairs - 外交部3. Ministry of Education - 教育部4. Ministry of Finance - 财政部5. Ministry of Commerce - 商务部6. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs - 农业农村部7. Ministry of Justice - 司法部8. Ministry of Culture and Tourism - 文化和旅游部9. Ministry of Public Security - 公安部10. Ministry of National Defense - 国防部11. Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security - 人力资源和社会保障部12. Ministry of Science and Technology - 科技部13. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology - 工业和信息化部14. National Development and Reform Commission - 国家发展和改革委员会15. National Health Commission - 国家卫生健康委员会16. State Administration of Taxation - 国家税务总局17. State Administration for Market Regulation - 国家市场监督管理总局18. State Administration of Foreign Exchange - 国家外汇管理局19. State Administration of Radio and Television - 国家广播电视总局20. State Administration for Industry and Commerce - 国家工商行政管理总局1. 国务院 - State Council2. 外交部 - Ministry of Foreign Affairs3. 教育部 - Ministry of Education4. 财政部 - Ministry of Finance5. 商务部 - Ministry of Commerce6. 农业农村部 - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs7. 司法部 - Ministry of Justice8. 文化和旅游部 - Ministry of Culture and Tourism9. 公安部 - Ministry of Public Security10. 国防部 - Ministry of National Defense11. 人力资源和社会保障部 - Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security12. 科技部 - Ministry of Science and Technology13. 工业和信息化部 - Ministry of Industry and Information Technology14. 国家发展和改革委员会 - National Development and Reform Commission15. 国家卫生健康委员会 - National Health Commission16. 国家税务总局 - State Administration of Taxation17. 国家市场监督管理总局 - State Administration for Market Regulation18. 国家外汇管理局 - State Administration of Foreign Exchange19. 国家广播电视总局 - State Administration of Radio and Television20. 国家工商行政管理总局 - State Administration for Industry and Commerce。
人力资源管理专业词汇(中英文对照)
人力资源管理专业词汇( 中英文对照) 人力资源管理:(Human Resource Management ,HRM)人力资源经理:( human resource manager)高级管理人员:(executive)职业:(profession)道德标准:(ethics)操作工:(operative employees)专家:(specialist)人力资源认证协会:(the Human Resource Certification Institute ，HRCI)外部环境:(external environment)内部环境:(internal environment)政策:(policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)目标/使命:(mission)股东:(shareholders/stakeholder)非正式组织:(informal organization)跨国公司:(multinational corporation ，MNC)管理多样性:(managing diversity)、工作:(job)职位:(posting)工作分析:(job analysis)工作说明:(job description)工作规范:(job specification)工作分析计划表:(job analysis schedule ，JAS)职位分析问卷调查法:(Management Position Description Questionnaire ，MPDQ) 行政秘书:(executive secretary)地区服务经理助理:(assistant district service manager)、人力资源计划:(Human Resource Planning ，HRP)战略规划:(strategic planning)长期趋势:(long term trend)要求预测:(requirement forecast)供给预测:(availability forecast)管理人力储备:(management inventory)裁减:(downsizing)人力资源信息系统:(Human Resource Information System ，HRIS)四、招聘:(recruitment)员工申请表:(employee requisition)招聘方法:(recruitment methods)内部提升:(Promotion From Within ,PFW)工作公告:(job posting)广告:(advertising)职业介绍所:(employment agency)特殊事件:(special events)实习:(internship)五、选择：(selection)选择率:(selection rate)简历:(resume)标准化:(standardization)有效性:(validity)客观性:(objectivity)规范:(norm)录用分数线:(cutoff SCORe)准确度:(aiming)业务知识测试:(job knowledge tests) 求职面试:(employme nt in terview) 非结构化面试：(un structured in terview) 结构化面试:(structured in terview) 小组面试:(group in terview) 职业兴趣测试：(vocational interest tests) 会议型面试:(board in terview)六、组织变化与人力资源开发人力资源开发：(Human Resource Development ，HRD) 培训:(training) 开发:(development) 定位:(orientation) 训练:(coaching) 辅导:(mentoring)经营管理策略:(business games)案例研究:(case study)会议方法:(conference method)角色扮演:(role playing)工作轮换:(job rotating)在职培训:(on-the-job training ,OJT)媒介:(media)七、企业文化与组织发展企业文化:(corporate culture)组织发展:(organization development ，OD)调查反馈:(survey feedback)质量圈:(quality circles)目标管理:(management by objective ，MBO) 全面质量管理:(Total Quality Management ，TQM) 团队建设:(team building)八、职业计划与发展职业:(career)职业计戈U :(career planning)职业道路:(career path)职业发展:(career development)自我评价:(self-assessment)职业动机：(career anchors)九、绩效评价绩效评价:(Performanee Appraisal , PA)小组评价:(group appraisal)业绩评定表:(rating scales method)关键事件法:(critical incident method)排歹U法:(ranking method)平行比较法:(paired comparison)硬性分布法:(forced distribution method)晕轮效应:(halo effect)宽松:(leniency)严格:(strictness)360 反馈:(360-degree feedback)叙述法:(essay method)集中趋势:(central tendency)十、报酬与福利报酬:(compensation)直接经济报酬:(direct financial compensation)间接经济报酬:(indirect financial compensation)非经济报酬：(no financial compensation)公平:(equity)外部公平：(external equity)内部公平:(internal equity)员工公平:(employee equity)小组公平:(team equity)工资水平领先者:(pay leaders)现行工资率:(going rate)工资水平居后者:(pay followers)劳动力市场:(labor market)工作评价:(job evaluation)排歹U法:(ranking method)分类法:(classification method)因素比较法:(factor comparison method)评分法:(point method)海氏指示图表个人能力分析法:(Hay Guide Chart-profile Method) 工作定价:(job pricing)工资等级:(pay grade)工资曲线:(wage curve)工资幅度:(pay range)十一、福利和其它报酬问题福利(间接经济补偿"welfare)额外福利(fringe ben efit)员工股权计划：(employee stock ownership plan , ESOP)值班津贴:(shift differential)奖金：(incentive compensation)分红制:(profit sharing)十二、安全与健康的工作环境安全:(safety)健康：(health)频率:(frequency rate)紧张:(stress)角色冲突:(role conflict)催眠法:(hyp no sis)酗酒:(alcoholism)十三、员工和劳动关系工会：(union)地方工会:(local union)行业工会:(craft union)产业工会:(industrial union)全国工会：(national union)谈判组:(bargaining union)劳资谈判:(collective bargaining)仲裁:(arbitration)罢工:(strike)内部员工关系:(internal employee relations)纪律:(discipline)纪律处分:(disciplinary action)申诉:(grievanee)降职:(demotion)调动:(transfer)晋升:(promotion)十四、人力资源管理常用短语英汉对照表Actio n lear ning :行动学习Alternati on ran ki ng method :交替排序法Annual bonus :年终分红Applicati on forms :工作申请表Appraisal in terview :评价面试Aptitudes :资质Arbitration :仲裁Atte ndance incen tive pla n 参与式激励计戈UAuthority 职权Behavior modeli ng :行为模拟Behaviorally an chored rati ng scale (bars) : 行为锚定等级评价法Ben chmark job :基准职位Ben efits :福利Bias :个人偏见Boycott :联合抵制Bumping/layoff procedures :工作替换/临时解雇程序Burnout :耗竭Ca ndidate-order error :候选人次序错误Capital accumulati on program : 资本积累方案Career an chors :职业锚Career cycle :职业周期Career pla nning and developme nt 职业规划与职业发展Case study method :案例研究方法Central ten de ncy :居中趋势Citations :传讯Civil Rights Act :民权法Classes :类Classificati on (or gradi ng) method 归类(或分级)法Collective barga ining :集体谈判Comparable worth :可比价值Compe nsable factor :报酬因素Computerized forecast :计算机化预测Co nte nt validity :内容效度Criterion validity :效标效度Critical in cide nt method :关键事件法Davis-Bacon Act (DBA):戴维斯一佩根法案Day-to-day-collective barga ining :日常集体谈判Decline stage :下降阶段Deferred profit-shari ng pla n :延期利润分享计划Defined ben efit :固定福利Defined con tribution :固定缴款Departme nt of Labor job an alysis 劳工部工作分析法Discipline :纪律Dismissal :解雇；开除Downsizing :精简卜五、其他考评assessment试用期probatio nary period考核appraisal绩效改进考核performa nee improveme nt appraisal期终评议annual appraisal反馈feedback沟通communication干部部(处) HR subdivisi on综合评定overall appraisal转正probation passed定级grading辞退dismissal价值导向value-orie ntati on劳动合同labour contract任职状况compete ncy 劳动态度worki ng attitude 工作绩效performa nee 考察期probatio n 月度考核mon thly appraisal 思想导师me ntor 关键事件critical events 关键行为critical behavior 责任结果respon sibility and result orie ntati on 业务变革bus in ess reform 双向沟通two-way com muni cati on 目标承诺objectives commitme nt 绩效承诺performa nee commitme nt 绩效评价者first-level appraiser 考核责任者sec on d-level appraiser 考核复核者final appraiser 功能部门functional dept.个人绩效承诺personal bus in ess commitme nt绩效辅导coach ing 绩效考核performa nee appraisal 多主管、多角色、矩阵式"multi-ma nagers, multi-roles, matrix"季度绩效考核quarterly performa nee appraisal年度综合评定ann ual overall appraisal跨部门团队cross-fu ncti onal team 结果目标承诺objective and result commitme nt 执行措施承诺executive commitme nt团队合作承诺team commitme nt在职on job 自评self-appraisal 职业等professional grade 普通等normal grade 基础等basic grade 预备等prelimi nary grade 述职performanee report 业务部门line departme nt 支持部门support departme nt 核心竞争力core compete ncy 年度财务报告ann ual finan cial report业务规戈U bus in ess pla nning 中期财务报告mid-term finan cial report预算budget 愿景与战略visio n & strategy 客户满意度customer satisfacti on 挑战目标challe nging objectives宏观管理macro-ma nageme nt预测forecast/predict社会医疗保险social medical insurance商业医疗保险commercial medical in sura nee缴费与门诊补助medical expenses and outpatient subsidies住院治疗与预防保健基金fund for hospitalizati on and preve ntive health华为最高补助线Huawei maximum subsidies line社保最高支付线maximum line of social security payme nt社保起付线minimum line of social security payme nt 高额医药费补助large amount of subsidies on medical fees基本和非基本医药费basic and other medical fees（非）定点医疗机构（non-） desig nated medical organi zatio n报销时限reimbursement time limit钟点制员工temporary employee 合同制员工contract employee 社会保险social in sura nee 商业保险commercial in sura nee 附加补助additio nal subsidy 保额标准compe nsati on sta ndard 工龄补助subsidy on service len gth 招聘调配咅 B recruitme nt and allocati on departme nt 考核薪酬处appraisal and salary section 任职资格管理咅 B compete ncy and qualificati on man ageme nt departme nt人事处pers onnel departme nt 任职资格compete ncy and qualificati on任职资格管理compete ncy and qualificati on man ageme nt认证competency and qualification assessment任职资格标准compete ncy and qualificati on sta ndard级别level 等级grade 资格类另U types of qualificati on技能skill素质competency必备知识kno wledge招聘recruitment考核assessment择优录用en roll the excelle nt people有限授权limited empower保密、回避"Confidential, alienation"人才库huma n resources bank资格审查HR in terview专业面试tech nical/professi onal in terview综合面试overall in terview审批approve面试资格人qualified in terviewer招聘质量控制小组recruitme nt quality con trol team形象image 谈吐speech 求职动机motivati on 素质特征compete ncies 工作适应性job adaptati on录用人员与拟聘岗位要求的吻合度suitability招聘成本recruitme nt cost 招聘周期recruitme nt cycle 用人需求requisiti on 职位说明书job descripti on 人力规戈U /用人计戈U man power pla nning 效果评估recruitme nt evaluati on 竞争对手competitor 平面广告advertiseme nt 网络广告n etwork advertiseme nt 猎头、猎头公司headhu nter人才交流会job fair 技术交流会tech ni cal conferences展览会exhibition（专场）招聘会career day推荐recommend 内部推荐in ternal referral 投入产出比In put and output ratio发布渠道publicati on cha nnel 急缺人才tale nt in urgent n eed 稀缺人才scarce tale nt 特殊人才tale nt with special skills 现场招聘on-site recruit ing 考核流程assessme nt procedure 组长负责制team leader respon sible system 出差报告bus in ess trip report 应聘材料docume ntati on 筛选scanning电话面试telepho ne in terview 复试sec ond time in terview 权签人final approval 实习人员in tern 聘书offer letter 劳动关系labor relati on 劳动合同labor con tract 预支工资prepaid salary 甄选selection素质测评compete ncy test 试题库in terview questi ons 案例case内部劳动力市场internal huma n resources pool 人力资源配置huma n resources deployme nt职类position type职位position组织效益orga ni zati onal effect iven ess人均效率average personal efficie ncy测评指标assessme nt in dicator监控体系mon itori ng system组织结构orga ni zati onal structure组织结构调整organi zati onal structure adjustme nt 工作移交hand over离任审计resig n audit上岗report to duty岗位适应性培训post adjustability training任命nomination辞职resignation辞退dismissal劝退special condition dismissal自动离职auto-resig nati on除名dismissal业务量（工作量）bus in ess volume转岗internal transfer岗位轮换job rotation周边锻炼lateral practice 轮训rotation training 借调temporarily transfer 富余人员redundant staff。
我国家机构有关人员职衔规范译法(中英文对照)
我国家机构有关人员职衔规范译法（英文）一、全国人民代表大会常务委员会STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS （NPC）委员长 CHAIRMAN副委员长 VICE—CHAIRMAN秘书长 SECRETARY—GENERAL副秘书长 DEPUTY SECRETARY—GENERAL委员 MEMBER全国人民代表大会…委员会…COMIMITTEE／COMMISSION OF THE NPC主任委员 CHAIRMAN副主任委员 VICE—CHAIRMAN委员 MEMBER二、中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S POLITICAL CON-SULTATIVE CONFERENCE（CPPCC）主席 CHAIRMAN副主席 VICE—CHAIRMAN秘书长 SECRETARY—GENERAL常务委员 MEMBER OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE政协全国委员会…委员会 MITTEE OF THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE CPPCC主任委员 CHAIRMAN副主任委员 VICE—CHAIRMAN委员 MEMBER三、中华人民共和国PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA（PRC）主席 PRESIDENT副主席 VICE-PRESIDENT四、中华人民共和国中央军事委员会PRC CENTRAL MILITARY COMMISSION（CMC）主席 CHAIRMAN副主席 VICE—CHAIRMAN委员 MEMBER五、最高人民法院SUPREME PEOPLE’S COUT院长 PRESIDENT副院长 VICE—PRESIDENT审判委员会委员 MEMBER OF THE JUDICIAL COMMITTEE审判员 JUDGE助理审判员 ASSISTANT JUDGE书记员 CLERK六、最高人民检察院SUPREME PEOPLE’S PROCURATORATE 检察长 PROCURATOR—GENERAL副检察长 DEPUTY PROCURATOR—GENERAL检察委员会委员 MEMBER OF THE PROCURATORIAL COMMITTEE 检察员 PROCURATOR助理检察员 ASSISTANT PROCURATOR书记员 CLERK七、国务院STATE COUNCIL总理 PREMIER副总理 VICE—PREMIER国务委员 STATE COUNCILLOR秘书长 SECRETARY—GENERAL副秘书长 DEPUTY SECRETARY—GENERAL中华人民共和国…部MINISTRY OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA部长 MINISTER副部长 VICE-MINISTER部长助理 ASSISTANT MINISTER中华人民共和国国家…委员会STATE COMMISSION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA主任 MINISTER副主任 VICE—MINISTER国务院…办公室OFFICE OF THE STATE COUNCIL主任 DIRECTOR（MINISTER）副主任 DEPUTY DIRECTOR（VICE—MINISTER）...银行 BANK行长 GOVERNOR（OF THE CENTRAL BANK） PRESIDENT（OF OTHER BANKS）副行长 DEPUTY GOVERNOR（OF THE CENTRAL BANK） VICE—PRESIDENT（OF OTHER BANKS）中华人民共和国审计署AUDITING ADMINISTRATION OF THE PEOPLEIS REPUBLIC OF CHINA审计长 AUDITOR—GENERAL副审计长 DEPUTY AUDITOR—GENERAL…局 BUREAU局长 DIRECTOR—GENERAL副局长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR—GENERAL注：如是正部级或副部级局长，可在其职务后加括号注其级别；个别局的局长、副局长，如：专利局局长、副局长可用 COMMISSIONER，DEPUTY COMMISSIONER...署 ADMINISTRATION署长 ADMINISTRATOR副署长 DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR国务院…室 OFFICE OF THE STATE COUNCIL主任 DIRECTOR（MINISTER）副主任 DEPUTY DIRECTOR（VICE—MINISTER）...总会 COUNCIL会长 PRESIDENT副会长 VICE—PRESIDENT新华通讯社 XINHUA NEWS AGENCY社长 DIRECTOR副社长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR...院 ACADEMY院长 PRESIDENT副院长 VICE PRESIDENT…领导小组 LEADING GROUP组长 HEAD八、各部（委、办、局）内职务名称POSITIONS OF DEPARTMENTS，OFFICES，BUREAUX OF MINISTRIES／COMMJSSIONS办公厅主任 DIRECTOR—GENERAL OF THE GENERAL OFFICE 副主任 DEPUTY DIRECTOR—GENERAL局长 DIRECTOR—GENERAL OF A BUREAU副局长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR—GENERAL厅长 DIRECTOR—GENERAL OF A DEPARTMENT副厅长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR—GENERAL司长 DIRECTOR—GENERAL OF A DEPARTMENT副司长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR—GENERAL处长 DIRECTOR OF A DIVISION副处长 DEPUTY DIRECTOR科长 SECTION CHIEF副科长 DEPUTY SECTION CHIEF主任科员 PRINCIPAL STAFF MEMBER副主任科员 SENIOR STAFF MEMBER巡视员 COUNSEL助理巡视员 ASSISTANT COUNSEL调研员 CONSULTANT助理调研员 ASSTANT CONSULTANT科员 STAFF MEMBER办事员 CLERK文教科技有关部门常见职衔与英文翻译（大学）校长 President/Chancellor（大学）副校长 Vice President（大学）代理校长 Acting President（中学）校长 Principal（小学）校长 Head /Master学院院长 Dean of College/Head of College教务长 Dean/Director of Teaching Affairs总务长 Director in Charge of General Affairs系主任 Department Chairman /Department Head教研室主任 Head of the Teaching and Research Section实验室主任 Laboratory Chief班主任 Discipline Class Adviser/Head Teacher教授 Professor副教授 Associate Professor客座教授 Visiting Professor/Guest Professor兼职教授 Part-time Professor名誉教授 Honorary Professor终身教授 Lifetime Professor外籍教授 Foreign Professor指导教师 Graduate Teacher/Research Supervisor讲师 Lecturer/Instructor新加坡政府部门职衔标准华文译名ATTORNEY-GENERAL’S CHAMBERS总检察署Attorney-General 总检察长Solicitor-General 副总检察长Quality Service Manager 优质服务经理LEGISLATION DIVISION 法律草拟司Parliamentary Counsel 国会法律顾问Head 司长Deputy Head 副司长Senior State Counsel 高级政府律师Deputy Senior State Counsel 副高级政府律师State Counsel 政府律师Legal Executive 法律执行员LAW REFORM AND REVISION DIVISION 法律改革与修正司Head 司长Deputy Head 副司长State Counsel 政府律师Senior Legal Executive 高级法律执行员Legal Executive 法律执行员CIVIL DIVISION 民事司Head 司长Deputy Head 副司长State Counsel 政府律师Senior Legal Executive 高级法律执行员Legal Executive 法律执行员INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIVISION 国际事务司Head 司长Deputy Head 副司长Deputy Senior State Counsel 副高级政府律师State Counsel 政府律师Legal Executive 法律执行员The Legal Profession (International Services) Secretariat 法律专业（国际服务）秘书处Deputy Senior State Counsel 副高级政府律师State Counsel 政府律师Legal Executive 法律执行员Corporate Support Officer 行政辅助员CRIMINAL JUSTICE DIVISION 刑事检控司Head 司长Director 处长Senior State Counsel 高级政府律师Deputy Senior State Counsel 副高级政府律师State Counsel/Deputy Public Prosecutor 政府律师/副检察司Assistant Public Prosecutor 助理检察司Legal Executive 法律执行员Criminal Justice Division Registry 刑事检控注册处Chief Legal Executive 首席法律执行员Senior Legal Executive 高级法律执行员Legal/HR Executive 法律/人力资源执行员AUDITOR-GENERAL’S OFFICE审计署Auditor-General 审计总长Deputy Auditor-General 副审计总长Assistant Auditor-General 助理审计总长Quality Service Manager 优质服务经理Public Relations Officer 公关联络员ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT 行政部ADMIN BRANCH 行政组Assistant Auditor-General(Director, Budgeting for Results) 助理审计总长（论绩预算署署长）Assistant Auditor-General(Director of Personnel 1) 助理审计总长（人事署署长1）Director(Director of Personnel 2) 署长（人事署署长2）Finance Officer 财务员Personnel Officer 人事事务员Registry Officer 档案员COMPUTER INFORMATION SYSTEMS BRANCH 电脑资讯系统组Assistant Director 助理署长Logistics Officer 后勤员。
职位中英文对照
公司高层职位的英文缩写1。
CEO : Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官2。
COO ：Chief Operated Officer 首席运营官3。
CFO ：Chief Finacial Officer 首席财务官4。
CTO ：Chief Technology Officer 首席技术官5。
CIO ：Chief Information Officer 首席信息官GM(General Manager)总经理VP(Vice President)副总裁FVP(First Vice President)第一副总裁AVP(Assistant Vice President)副总裁助理CEO(Chief Executive Officer)首席执行官COO(Chief Operations Officer)首席运营官CFO(Chief Financial Officer)首席财务官CIO(Chief Information Officer)首席信息官HRD(Human Resource Director)人力资源总监OD(Operations Director)运营总监MD(Marketing Director)市场总监OM(Operations Manager)运作经理PM(Production Manager)生产经理(Product Manager)产品经理Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理President 国家主席Vice President 国家副主席Premier of the State Council国务院总理Executive Vice Premier of the State Council 国务院常务副总理Vice Premier of the State Council 国务院副总理Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC)全国人大常委会委员长Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 全国政协主席State Councilor of the State Council 国务委员Secretary-General of the State Council 国务院办公厅主任（国务院秘书长）CPC Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee 中共中央政治局常委Chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission 中共中央军委主席President of the Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院院长Procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民检察院检察长Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission 国家发改委主任Director of the State Population and Family Planning Commission 国家人口和计生委主任Minister in Charge of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission 国家民族事务委员会主任Minister of Agriculture 农业部长Minister of Civil Affairs民政部长Minister of Commerce 商务部长Minister of Culture文化部长Minister of Education教育部长Minister of Environmental Protection环境保护部部长Minister of Finance 财政部长Minister of Foreign Affairs 外交部长Minister of Health 卫生部长Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction 住房和城乡建设部部长Minister of Human Resources and Social Security人力资源和社会保障部部长Minister of Industry and Information Technology 工业和信息化部部长Minister of Justice 司法部长Minister of Land and Resources 国务资源部部长Minister of National Defense 国防部长Minister of Public Security 公安部长Minister of Science and Technology 科学技术部长Minister of State Security 国家安全部部长Minister of Supervision 监察部长Minister of Transportation 交通运输部长Minister of Water Resources 水利部长Auditor General of the National Audit Office 国家审计署署长Central Bank Governor 中国人民银行行长Ambassador to the U.S. 中华人民共和国驻美大使Permanent Representative to the U.N., New York 中华人民共和国常驻纽约联合国代表中国行政级别：省：Province (省长：Governor), 市：Municipality (市长：Mayor), 部：Ministry (部长：Minister), 委：(State) Commission (主任：Minister), 自治区：(Autnomous) Region (主席：Governor) 市：(Prefectural) City (市长：Mayor), 司、局：Department (司局长：Director-General)县：County (县长：Magistrate), 处：Division (处长：Division Chief)镇：Town (镇长：Mayor), 科：Section (科长：Section Chief)主任科员：Chief Officer；副主任科员：Associate Chief Officer；科员：Officer(当然，这里的Chief Officer容易与西方的CEO混淆，听上去有点犯上作乱。
职称头衔中英文对照
称谓英文名称大全中英文词语对照校长（大学）president of Beijing University校长（中小学）principal/headmaster of Donghai Middle School院长（大学下属）dean of the Graduate School系主任（大学学院下属）chair/chairman of the English Department会长/主席（学/协会）president of the Student Union, Shanghai University厂长（企业）director of the Machine Tools Manufacturing Plant院长（医院）director of Huandong Hospital主任（中心）director of the Business Center主任（行政）director of Foreign Affairs Office行长（银行）president of the Bank for International Settlements董事长（企业）chairman of the Board of Directors董事长（学校）Chairmen of the Board of Trustees首席长官的汉语称谓以“总……”表示，而表示首席长官的英语称谓语则常带有chief, general, head, managing 这类词，因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时，需遵循英语头衔的表达习惯：总书记general secretary总工程师chief engineer总会计师chief accountant总建筑师chief architect总编辑chief editor; editor-in-chief; managing editor总出纳chief cashier; general cashier总裁判chief referee总经理general manager; managing director; executive head总代理general agent总教练head coach总导演head director总干事secretary-general; commissioner总指挥commander-in-chief; generalissimo总领事consul-general总监chief inspector; inspector-general; chief impresario总厨head cook;chef有些部门或机构的首长或主管的英译，可以一些通用的头衔词表示，例如下列机构的负责人可以用director, head, 或chief来表示：司（部属）department厅（省属）department署（省属）office （行署为administrative office）局bureau所institute处division科section股section室office教研室program/section例：局长director of the bureau, head of the bureau, bureau chief国务院the State Council 属下的部为ministry, 所以部长叫做minister。
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各国行政级别选用不同英文名称没什么奇怪的。就连英美加澳新各国的行政头衔也不一致。在美国，department就是“部”，相当于中国用的“ministry”，而英国的好多“部”则用“office”，如“ForeignandCommonwealthOffice(外交部)”、“HomeOffice(内务部)”。中国的“部”用“Ministry”，“司”用“Department”与前苏联和现在的俄罗斯基本一致。只有党中央的“部”用“Department”，如“中组部”、“中联部”、“中宣部”等。
县：County(县长：Magistrate),处：Division(处长：DivisionChief)
镇：Town(镇长：Mayor),科：Section(科长：SectionChief)
主任科员：ChiefOfficer；副主任科员：AssociateChiefOfficer；科员：Offi长：Governor),市：Municipality(市长：Mayor),部：Ministry(部长：Minister),委：(State)Commission(主任：Minister),自治区：(Autnomous)Region(主席：Governor)
市：(Prefectural)City(市长：Mayor),司、局：Department(司局长：Director-General)