Top Tips for Protocol Execution
爱立信告警处理
建议人
告警标题
爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员
AXE PARAMETER DATABASE FAULT BACKUP INFORMATION FAULT BLOCKING RESTRICTION ON ROUTES SUPERVISION
爱立信 爱立信 爱立信 爱立信
AP PROCESS REINITIATED AP FAULT IO STORAGE SPACE WARNING
爱立信 爱立信 爱立信 爱立信
wnms\超级管理员 wnms\超级管理员 wnms\超级UT FAULT AP REBOOT CP AP COMMUNICATION FAULT AP DIAGNOSTIC FAULT
GROUP SWITCH CLM CONTROL GROUP SWITCH FAULT
爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员
DISTRIBUTED GROUP SWITCH TRAFFIC RESTRICTIONS GROUP SWITCH UNIT MANUALLY BLOCKED
爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员
DIGITAL PATH FAULT SUPERVISION SEMIPERMANENT CONNECTION FAULT VOLUME LIMIT EXCEEDED
爱立信 wnms\超级管理员 爱立信 wnms\超级管理员
CCITT7 EVENT REPORTING THRESHOLD REACHED CCITT7 DISTURBANCE SUPERVISION LIMIT REACHED
Top 10 Tips for Classroom Discipline and Management
1 . It's Easier to Get EasierMany teachers make the mistake of starting the school year with a poor discipline plan. Students quickly assess the situation in each class and realize what they will be allowed to get away with. Once you set a precedent of allowing a lot of disruptions, it can be very hard to start better classroom management and discipline techniques. However, it is never tough to get easier as the year goes on. While you don't have to follow the adage, "Never smile until Christmas," it does have its merits.2 . Fairness is KeyStudents have a distinct sense of what is and what is not fair. You must act fairly for all students if you expect to be respected. If you do not treat all students equitably, you will be labelled as unfair students will not be keen to follow your rules. Make sure that if your best student does something wrong, they too get punished for it. More »3 . Deal with Disruptions with as Little Interruption as PossibleWhen you have classroom disruptions, it is imperative that you deal with them immediately and with as little interruption of your class momentum as possible. If students are talking amongst themselves and you are having a classroom discussion, ask one of them a question to try to get them backon track. If you have to stop the flow of your lesson to deal with disruptions, then you are robbing students who want to learn of their precious in-class time.How to Handle Discipline Problems with Effective Classroom Management 4 . Avoid Confrontations in Front of StudentsWhenever there is a confrontation in class there is a winner and a loser. Obviously as the teacher, you need to keep order and discipline in your class. However, it is much better to deal with discipline issues privately than cause a student to 'lose face' in front of their friends. It is not a good idea to make an example out of a disciplinary issue. Even though other students might get the point, you might have lost any chance of actually teaching that student anything in your class. More »5 . Stop Disruptions with a Little HumorSometimes all it takes is for everyone to have a good laugh to get things back on track in a classroom. Many times, however, teachers confuse good humor with sarcasm. While humor can quickly diffuse a situation, sarcasm may harm your relationship with the students involved. Use your best judgment but realize that what some people think as funny others find to be offensive. More »6 . Keep High Expectations in Your ClassExpect that your students will behave, not that they will disrupt. Reinforce this with the way you speak to your students. When you begin the day, tell your students your expectations. For example,you might say, "During this whole group session, I expect you to raise your hands and be recognized before you start speaking. I also expect you to respect each other's opinions and listen to what each person has to say." More »7 . OverplanFree time is something teachers should avoid. By allowing students time just to talk each day, you are setting a precedent about how you view academics and your subject. To avoid this, overplan. Write additional activities into your lesson plans just in case your main lesson run short. When you have too much to cover, you'll never run out of lessons and you will avoid free time. You can also fill up any left over timewith mini-lessons. More »8 . Be ConsistentOne of the worst things you can do as a teacher is to not enforce your rules consistently. If one day you ignore misbehaviors and the next day you jump on someone for the smallest infraction, your students will quickly lose respect for you. Your students have the right to expect you to basically be the same everyday. Moodiness is not allowed. Once your lose your student's respect, you also lose their attention and their desire to please you. More »9 . Make Rules UnderstandableYou need to be selective in your class rules (no one can follow 180 rules consistently). You also need to make them clear. Students should understand what is and what is not acceptable. Further, you should make sure that the consequences for breaking your rules are also clear and known beforehand.10 . Start Fresh EverydayThis tip does not mean that you discount all previous infractions, i.e. if they have three tardies then today means four. However, it does mean that you should start teaching your class each day with the expectation that students will behave. Don't assume that because Julie has disrupted your class everyday for a week, she will disrupt it today. By doing this, you will not be treating Julie any differently and thereby setting her up to disrupt again (like a self-fulfilling prophecy). Read a personal example of this with my best teaching experience.。
Tiptop管理员手册
易拓管理员手册目录一）Linux基础概念 (2)二）Linux基础操作 (2)1）登入Linux操作系统 (2)2）Linux基础指令 (8)三）相关文件夹/文件介绍 (9)Part2：Oracle部分 (10)一、登入Oracle (10)二、启动Oracle (10)三、关闭Oracle (11)四、查看Oracle表空间使用情况 (11)五、增加Oracle表空间 (12)六、处理表锁 (13)七、备份还原Oracle数据 (13)Part3：GP部分 (15)一、易拓系统架构说明 (15)二、易拓目录结构说明 (16)三、易拓用户说明 (17)四、添加Tiptop ERP用户 (17)五、新建ERP帐套 (19)六、系统备份检查 (22)七、Tiptop GP重要文件介绍 (24)八、环境变量 (24)九、系统慢问题 (25)Part:1 OS部分一）Linux基础概念1)和Windows一样，Linux是一种操作系统，一样有文件、进程、磁盘分区各种概念。
2)不同于Windows，Linux的维护是在命令行界面完成，因此需要掌握一些Linux维护指令。
3)根据28定律，我们只要掌握20%的指令，就可以完成80%的维护操作了。
4)现在开始万里长征第一步：登入Linux，以便进行对Linux的操作。
二）Linux基础操作1）登入Linux操作系统1）推荐下载安装XShell最新版本登入OS，方便日后操作启动XShell 点击New 新建一个到AP操作系统的链接2）点击Connection选项，设定以下栏位的值：Name 连线标识，如：ERP-APHost AP的IP地址3）点击Authentiacation选项，设定以下栏位的值：User Name rootPassword root账户的密码，默认为tiptop4）点击Terminal选项，设定以下栏位的值：Encoding Unicode(UTF-8)5）点击OK，完成连线设置。
jis中nlcp执行标准
jis中nlcp执行标准英文回答：The JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) NLCP (Network Layer Control Protocol) execution standard is a set of guidelines and requirements for the implementation and operation of network layer control protocols in Japan. These standards are designed to ensure interoperability, reliability, and security in network communications.The JIS NLCP execution standard covers a range of technical specifications and operational procedures for network layer control protocols. This includes requirements for protocol design, message formats, error handling, security mechanisms, and interoperability with other network protocols. The standard also specifies testing and certification procedures to ensure compliance and conformance with the requirements.One key aspect of the JIS NLCP execution standard isits focus on interoperability. The standard defines requirements for how network layer control protocols should interact with other protocols and network devices. This includes specifications for protocol negotiation, message exchange, and error handling to ensure seamless communication between different network elements.In addition to interoperability, the JIS NLCP execution standard also addresses security considerations. Itoutlines requirements for authentication, encryption, and access control mechanisms to protect network communications from unauthorized access and malicious attacks. This helps to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of data transmitted over the network.Furthermore, the JIS NLCP execution standard includes guidelines for performance and reliability. It specifies requirements for message delivery, error detection and correction, and congestion control to ensure efficient and reliable network communications. This helps to optimize the performance of network layer control protocols and enhance the overall quality of service for network users.Overall, the JIS NLCP execution standard plays acrucial role in ensuring the smooth and secure operation of network layer control protocols in Japan. By defining clear requirements and guidelines, the standard helps to promote interoperability, reliability, and security in network communications, ultimately benefiting both users andservice providers.中文回答：JIS（日本工业标准）NLCP（网络层控制协议）执行标准是日本关于网络层控制协议实施和操作的一套指导方针和要求。
检验实验仪器设备投入计划及保证措施
英文回答：To guarantee the effective operation of experimental instruments and equipment, it is imperative to establish aprehensive plan for their inspection and deployment. This plan must epass a well-defined schedule for regular maintenanceand inspection of all equipment, aimed at identifying any potential issues before they impede experimental procedures. Furthermore, a meticulous inventory of all instruments and equipment should be upheld to monitor their usage and condition. This practice will facilitate the prompt identificationof any necessary repairs or replacements, thus ensuring the continuous functionality of the instruments when required for experiments.为了保证实验仪器和设备的有效运作，必须制定检查和部署综合计划。
这一计划必须通过一个明确规定的定期保养和检查所有设备的时间表，目的是查明任何可能的问题，以免妨碍试验程序。
应保持对所有仪器和设备的详细清点，以监测其使用情况和状况。
这种做法将有助于迅速查明任何必要的修理或更换，从而确保试验所需仪器的持续功能。
公章代替合同章原因剖析和整改措施
公章代替合同章原因剖析和整改措施Using a company seal instead of a contract seal can have serious consequences. 公章代替合同章可能导致合同无效，给公司带来财务风险和法律纠纷。
It is crucial for businesses to understand the reasons behind this mistake and take appropriate corrective measures. 企业必须深刻了解这一错误背后的原因，并采取适当整改措施。
One of the main reasons for using a company seal instead of a contract seal is lack of awareness or training. 公章代替合同章的主要原因之一是缺乏意识或培训。
Employees may not be properly educated on the proper use of seals and the legal implications of using the wrong seal. 员工可能没有接受关于印章正确使用和错误使用的法律影响的适当教育。
Another reason for this common mistake is convenience. 公章代替合同章的另一个常见原因是便捷性。
Using a company seal may be fasteror easier for employees who are not familiar with the proper procedures for executing contracts. 对于不熟悉执行合同的正确程序的员工来说，使用公司印章可能更快或更容易。
This can lead to laziness or negligence in following the correct protocol for contract execution.这可能导致懒惰或疏忽，没有遵循合同执行的正确协议。
10-top-tips-for-English-learning
10 Tips for English Learning1. How do you memorize new words?New words should be mastered in several ways. First, pronunciation, if you want to pronounce the word correctly, you'd better listen to it first and practice it again and again by imitation. Second, spelling, if you want to memorize the word how to spell, you'd better learn some knowledge for word building and pronunciation rules. Third, meaning and use, if you want to know the exact meaning and use of the word, you'd better learn it through context and reading. Finally, you should work hard on it.2. How do you improve your reading?First, look at the title of the passage if there is. You can get the general idea of it. Then you pay attention to the first and last sentence of very paragraph of the passage. You can get the main idea of the paragraph. Third, through the context(上下文), you guess the new words that you come across. Finally, note the style and tone in order to the writer's implication in meaning.3. How do you improve your speaking?You can improve your speaking only through practice. Firstly, don't think of too much grammar, when you speak. You try to speak the key words, if you cannot speak the whole sentence, but you must speak the key words clearly and correctly. Secondly, pay attention to the different rhythms (节奏)between English and Chinese. We Chinese tend to stress the words equally, while the English words in the sentence tend to be stressed quite differently. The words with important information are normally stressed. Lastly, try to use your gestures and your facial expressions to go with your verbal communication.4. How do you learn English grammar?The purpose of learning grammar is to help learners to have a better understanding of the language. It is no use remembering grammar rules by rote because there are no rules without exceptions. It is sensible to use English grammar as a tool to help you to understand and master English. You learn grammar only through language phenomena (现象)because it comes from it. So you learn those rules and do some exercises to practise them.5. How do you improve your listening?You can improve your listening only through listening a great deal and there is no shortcut. First, you should have the right pronunciation of the words in your mind so learn to pronounce them correctly. Then, you try to catch the meaning of the sentence but not the separate meanings of the words, that is, do not concentrate on words too much but on the meaning as a whole. Third, pay attention to the liaison, (连读) loss of explosion and assimilation(同化) of the words. Lastly, pay attention to the stressed words and guess the meaning through the intonation.6. How do you start to learn English?First, you must have your purpose of learning English in your mind. Do you want to improve your oral English or written English or for the purpose of tests? Second, what level are you at? Are your English intermediate? Lower or upper? Third, choose the way to learn English according to your time and finance. Do you want to learn English by self-study, English class, English courses on the radio, English learning software or even online courses on the Internet? Finally, you must study hard and insist on learning continuously for a year or two.7. How do you improve your translation?First, learn some basic rules for translation. Then you must have a good master of both English and Chinese. Finally, you must practise, practise and once more practise. You can refer to some bilingual magazines English world for example. You practise translation from Chinese to English and vice versa(反过来). Then you have some comparison with their translation. After some period of practice, you will make great progress. Practise makes perfect.8. How do you tell the differences of English synonyms?There are no synonyms which are exactly the same. You should think of the synonyms in these ways. The style is different. Formal or informal?. The meaning is different. General or specific? It is different in grammar. Different collocations and different sentence patterns.9. How do you learn English verb tense?First, pay attention to the adverbial of time, if there is one, in the sentence. Different adverbials of time indicate the use of different tense. Second, the meaning of predicate verb, Some verbs tend to be used a certain tense. For example, I like music The word like tends to be used in simple present tense. Third, note the context, it will give you hints to use a certain tense. Finally, you'd better do some exercises in order that you have some consciousness(意识) of using English tense.10. How do you buy English dictionary?Nowadays, there are so many different kinds of dictionaries. Find the kind of dictionary that you are looking for. Then you 'd better find out who is the publisher? Is it awell-known publisher? How many copies has it been published? The more, the better. What do you think of the printing quality of the dictionary。
如何去打羽毛球大学生英语作文
如何去打羽毛球大学生英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1How to Play BadmintonBadminton is a really fun sport that a lot of university students play. It's pretty easy to pick up if you're new to it, but also has a high skill ceiling for those who want to get really good at it. As a student, badminton is great because it doesn't require too much time or money to play recreationally with friends.Getting StartedThe first thing you'll need is some basic equipment - a badminton racket, shuttlecocks (the projectile you hit back and forth), and ideally access to a badminton court. You can get an entry-level racket for around 20-30. Shuttlecocks run about10-15 for a tube of 12.Most university rec centers will have badminton courts you can use for free or a very low cost. You can also look into any local community badminton clubs, which sometimes have open gym times. If you don't have access to a court, you can even play in a driveway or park in a pinch.Once you have your gear, I'd recommend watching some YouTube tutorials on badminton basics - how to grip the racket, ready position, forehand/backhand swings, serving, etc. It's not too complicated but having someone explain the fundamentals really helps when you're first starting out.Playing a GameA standard badminton game is played between two people (singles) or two pairs (doubles) on a rectangular court divided by a high net. Players score points by hitting the shuttlecock over the net and rallying back and forth until one side fails to return it successfully.The scoring system is kind of confusing at first - you have to score with serving to get a point, and only the serving side can score. But you'll pick it up through playing. Games are typically played to 21 points.One of the best things about badminton is that it's social and athletic at the same time. You'll be running back and forth, jumping, lunging, while engaging your mind by anticipating shots and strategizing. It's an amazing cardio workout but feels more like playing than exercising.Having FunDon't take badminton too seriously when you're first learning! The key is just enjoying rallying the birdie back and forth. I remember my first few games, I missed so many shots and felt super uncoordinated. But it was still a blast just being active with friends.As you get better, you can start learning more advanced techniques like smashes, clears, drops, drives, and net shots. Doubles games also add a whole layer of strategy in moving together and communicating with your partner.One thing that makes badminton so enjoyable is how satisfying it feels to nail the sweet spot on your racket and just crush the shuttlecock. There are few better feelings than absolutely demol篇2How to Play BadmintonBadminton is one of the most popular sports on university campuses around the world. It's an incredibly fun game that requires skill, strategy, and athleticism. As a student, badminton is the perfect sport to pick up - it's easy to learn, you can play it almost anywhere, and it provides a great workout. In this essay,I'll share my tips on how to get started playing badminton as a university student.First off, let's go over some of the basic equipment you'll need:Racket - This is the most important piece of equipment. You'll want to get a racket that feels comfortable in your hand and isn't too heavy. Many beginner rackets are made of aluminum and are pretty affordable.Shuttlecocks - These are the projectiles you'll be hitting back and forth. Shuttlecocks made of plastic or nylon with a cork base are pretty standard for recreational play.Non-Marking Shoes - You'll need shoes with non-marking soles so you don't scuff up the court surface. Cross-training shoes work great.That's really all the essential gear you need to get started! Of course, you can get fancier equipment like high-end rackets as you improve.Next up is finding a place to play on campus. Pretty much every university has badminton courts, either outdoor or indoor. The rec center is usually a great place to look. Many schools also have badminton clubs you can join to meet other players.Once you have your gear and a court, it's time to learn the basics of how to actually play the game. The main objective is to hit the shuttlecock over the net and onto the opponent's side of the court in a way that prevents them from returning it before it hits the ground.One of the first shots you'll want to learn is the serve. There are a few different serving techniques, but the most common for beginners is the low serve. For this, you'll want tosstand in the right service court with your racket pointing down. Use an underhand motion to hit the shuttlecock below your waist to send it diagonally to the opponent's service court.After the serve, the next fundamental is the forehand and backhand shots. For the forehand, you'll position your body sideways with your non-racket foot forward and hit the shuttlecock from in front of your body. The backhand is similar, but you'll hit across your body from the other side.As you're starting out, just focus on developing a consistent stroke and getting the shuttlecock back over the net. Onceyou've got the hang of the basic shots, you can start working on things like overhead clears, drop shots, smashes, and other more advanced techniques.One key to improving at badminton is footwork. Since the shuttlecock travels quickly, you'll need to be light on your feet to get into the ideal position to strike it. Spend time practicing quick lateral shuffle steps to move side-to-side andforward/backward lunges.It's also really important to learn proper badminton strategy as you're developing your skills. One of the most fundamental strategies is serving diagonally to move your opponent to the back corners and open up the rest of the court.When receiving a serve, try to return it with a high, deep shot to give yourself time to recover and prepare for the next shot. You'll also want to mix up your shots to keep your opponent off balance - don't just hit the same shot over and over again.If you're playing doubles (with a partner on each side), positioning and communication are crucial. You'll need to coordinate with your partner on who will hit which shots and cover different areas of the court. Calling out "mine!" or "yours!" can prevent collisions and confusion.Besides practicing your strokes and strategy, one of the best things you can do is play games against other people as much as possible. Badminton is one of those sports where you improvemuch faster through actual game experience versus just hitting by yourself.Don't get discouraged if you struggle in the beginning - badminton has a steep learning curve! Be patient, stay positive, and keep drilling those fundamental techniques. Before long, the muscle memory will kick in and you'll start seeing major improvements in your game.Finally, make sure you're following proper badminton etiquette and sportsmanship. Call faults on yourself if you hit the shuttlecock out or it gets caught in your clothes. Don't yell or get angry over bad shots or close calls. Be respectful to your opponents and have fun - that's what recreational badminton is all about!So there you have it - those are my top tips for how to start playing badminton as a university student. It's an amazing sport that will help you get exercise, build hand-eye coordination, and make new friends on campus. Grab a racket, find a court, and start practicing those serves and smashes! Who knows, you may just become the next badminton superstar.篇3How to Play Badminton: A Comprehensive Guide for University StudentsAs a university student, it's essential to find activities that not only provide a break from the rigors of academic life but also contribute to our overall well-being. One such activity that has gained immense popularity on campuses worldwide is badminton. This exhilarating game offers a perfect blend of physical exercise, mental stimulation, and social interaction, making it an ideal choice for students seeking a balanced lifestyle.In this comprehensive guide, I'll share my personal experiences and insights into the world of badminton, covering everything from the basics of the game to advanced strategies and techniques. Whether you're a complete novice or an experienced player looking to hone your skills, this essay will equip you with the knowledge and inspiration to elevate your badminton game to new heights.The Fundamentals: Gear Up and Get ReadyBefore we dive into the intricacies of the game, let's start with the essentials. To play badminton, you'll need a few key pieces of equipment:Badminton Racket: Choose a racket that feels comfortable in your hand and suits your playing style. As a beginner, opt for a lighter racket to ease the strain on your arms and improve control.Shuttlecock: These feathered projectiles come in various speeds and levels of resistance. For starters, use a slower shuttlecock to get a feel for the game.Non-marking Indoor Court Shoes: Proper footwear is crucial for maintaining traction and preventing injuries on the court.Comfortable Athletic Clothing: Opt for lightweight, breathable fabrics that allow for unrestricted movement.Once you've assembled your gear, it's time to familiarize yourself with the court dimensions and scoring system.The Fundamentals: Mastering the BasicsLike any sport, badminton has its own set of rules and techniques that must be mastered. Here are some essential skills every university student should develop:Grip: Experiment with different grip styles (forehand, backhand, etc.) to find the one that feels most natural and provides better control over your shots.Footwork: Proper footwork is the foundation of effective shot execution. Practice moving quickly and efficiently around the court, maintaining a balanced stance throughout.Serves: Learn the different types of serves (high, low, flick, etc.) and practice delivering them with accuracy and consistency.Clears: Clearing the shuttlecock to the back of the opponent's court is a defensive strategy that buys you time and resets the rally.Drops: Mastering the art of dropping the shuttlecock just over the net can catch your opponent off guard and set up offensive opportunities.Smashes: Once you've gained confidence, unleash powerful overhead smashes to dominate the court and score decisive points.Remember, practice makes perfect. Dedicate time to honing these fundamental skills, and you'll soon develop a well-rounded game.Advanced Strategies and TechniquesAs you progress in your badminton journey, you'll encounter more experienced opponents and find yourself in。
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Top Tips for Protocol ExecutionWhat should a test protocol contain? What is the typical content of a test protocol? Before any test execution takes place there are a number of checks you must do before entering into the world of test execution. “Fail to prepare, prepare to fail” no truer words can be spoken in relation to protocol execution.How many times have you seen executed protocols with deviation after deviation or observation afterobservation?Can this be prevented or do you have to have executed protocols with mark ups everywhere on the document. Its one thing to have a clean protocol with no deviations or mark ups (rarely happens and would raise suspicion with the FDA) but its quite the opposite to have a protocol littered with mark ups everywhere to the point where someone has to ask the question “Has this been given a dry run”.The article below details some great tips before entering the dreaded execution step of your validation project.Test Protocol – Are you prepared for testing?What should a test protocol contain? What is the typical content of a test protocol? Below is a checklist of typical headings that should be found in any test protocol.IntroductionPurposeScopeRationalRoles and ResponsibilitiesTeamValidation ResponsibilitiesTest Team ResponsibilitiesLocation of TestingTesting RequirementsHardware RequirementsSoftware RequirementsDocumentation RequirementsTest ExecutionOrder of TestingAcceptance Criteria and Observed ResultsHand Written DataRecording of Test ResultsCorrectionsIncident Recording and ManagementFault/Deviation ReportingObservation ReportingOutcome of Test DocumentationChange ControlDocument ChangesGlossaryDefinitionAbbreviationsAssociated DocumentsInternational StandardsInternational GuidelinesTest SpecificationsThe test specification contains the test instructions, test acceptance criteria and results for the items under test. It is very important to read the test specification carefully before entering into any test execution. Time spent dry running or becoming more familiar with exactly what you have to do will be time well spent.An entire dry run (time permitting) should always be performed on any test script before official execution.Design Specifications (Typically applies to Software Testing)The design specification contains the design information for the module/application under test and is the document from which the Test Specification is written.There is typically one design specification per Test Specification but occasionally there will be the situation where one Test Specification will refer to multiple design specifications.Make sure that you have a copy of the required design specification(s) before commencing test. You need to record the revision of this document in the TestSpecification before testing and you will need to refer to it during testing.Fault and Observation FormsThese forms are critical to any test process as they will record the details and resolutions for any incidents noted during testing. One form is completed for each incident noted and this is referenced in the test specification. Make sure that on the test protocol that any reference to a fault or observation form is clear, and they are included in the attachment listing section.Test ReportThis is the summary document that reports the findings of the Test Phase. The test report is an important document in the sense that an auditor should be able to see quite clearly from the report how successful the test phase was for the particular module/equipment/application in question.Completing the Test DocumentationThere is one simple rule in relation to test documentation:If it’s not written down then it didn’t happenSignature LogBefore commencing test, all testers, witnesses and reviewers are required to sign the Signature Log which is included in the test protocol, usually located at the back of the document.Test SpecificationRead the test specification carefully; understand exactly what you are testing. Check to ensure the pre-requisite steps make sense and are performed correctly before launching into test mode. Read the test step instructions carefully.Test ResultsFill in the acceptance criteria sections correctly, if the acceptance criteria asks for a PASS/FAIL response then write down either PASS or FAIL no other acceptance criteria is allowed.The tester must sign and date at the bottom of each page.Witness must sign and date at the bottom of each page.Completing the PASS/FAIL columnIf the results match the expected result then mark as pass. If the results do not match the expected result then mark as fail and reference the corresponding observation/deviation number. If the test section does not apply to the test step then mark this section as N/A and give a brief explanation of why this particular step does not apply.Attachment ListThe following is a guideline detailing how to handle attachments associated with your test protocol.Each attachment associated with the protocol must have the following information.Test ReferenceTest SectionAttachment NumberPage No _ of _Initial and DateComplete the table in the attachment list section of the test specification to list all Test AttachmentsResult of Test SpecificationsIf all tests were passed without incident, then mark clearly on the protocol passed.If any test failed and faults or observations were raised, state whether the faults or observations are closed or resolved, if resolved mark as pass.Mark the overall test protocol as passed if all the faults and observations have been closed out, if not indicate that observations or deviations are still open.Common Testing Mistakes Associated with Software Validation Test Script Generation ErrorsWriting the tests based on the system and not on the specificationsInadequate security testingUsing the “Shotgun Pattern to Testing”The test system doesn’t match the production systemNon-compliant ordering of testsNot doing adequate pre-test setupNot ensuring test step repeatabilityInadequate field verificationPoor selection of test dataNot testing the error handling capabilitiesNot handling calculation verifications correctlyNot testing for known problemsInsufficient audit trail testingInsufficient depth of testingInsufficient stress testingWriting test scripts for functions that are not usedTest Script Generation ErrorsNot training your testers in good documentation practicesAssigning testers that just don’t careTester error as a result of unfamiliarity with the testsRelying on inexperienced test script writersExecution MistakesNo pre-execution approval of testsPoor organizationMandatory order of execution not followedPreprinting and replacing lost of damaged pagesNot explaining mistakes or errors thoroughlyNot allowing for ad-hoc testingNot retaining the entire report on huge printoutsNot writing up a deviationDeviation records not completeChanging a FAIL to a PASSShowing insufficient deviations to support comprehensive testingNot closing out deviationsNot having adequate sign offs of deviationsNot creating a deviation log bookIndividuals writing and executing the validation protocols are not identified or trained Uncontrolled changes to approved test scriptsNot archiving off the validation database before and after validationOriginal validation documentation can’t be located。