英语划分句子成分精讲和练习题
句子成分的划分解析及练习
句⼦成分的划分解析及练习句⼦成分的划分英语句⼦成分：组成句⼦的各个部分即句⼦成分。
句⼦成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补⾜语等。
⼀、主语（subject）: 句⼦说明的⼈或事物。
1.The sun rises in the east.太阳从东⽅升起。
（名词）2.He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。
（代词）3.Twenty years is a short time in history. ⼆⼗年在历史中是个很短的时间。
(数词)4.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
（动名词）5.To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
（不定式）6.What he needs is a book. 他所需要的是本书（主语从句）⼆、谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
1.We study English. 我们学习英语2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。
三、表语（predicative）:表⽰主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前⾯的动词称为系动词。
1. He is a teacher.他是个⽼师（名词2. Five and five is ten.五加五等于⼗（数词）3.He is asleep.他睡着了（形容词）4.His father is in. 他的⽗亲在家（副词）5.The picture is on the wall.画在墙上。
(介词短语)6.That sounds good 那听起来很好。
7.Tom looks thin. 汤姆看上去很瘦。
常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来、吃起来）...四、宾语：动作、⾏为的对象1.I like China.我喜欢中国。
（名词）2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。
（代词）3.How many do you need? We need two. 你们需要多少？我们需要两个。
英语语法句子成分分析和练习题
英语句子成分分析一个句子至少由两部分构成，即主语和谓语，它们是句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语（包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语），表语，定语（包括前置定语及后置定语），状语，同位语（包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语），补语。
一.主语：是一句话的中心，一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
)Time flies.（时光飞逝。
）这两句话中分别由代词They，名词Time作主语。
主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。
The school is far from here.名词做主语She goes to school by bike.代词做主语Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。
（从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）二.谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。
且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。
如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
英语划分句子成分句式练习题及答案
英语句子成分一句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语;二主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首;主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示;例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor. It is necessary to master a foreign language.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.三谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态;谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成;如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：1由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成;如：You may keep the book for twoweeks. He has caught a bad cold. 2由系动词加表语构成;如：We are students.四表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等之后;表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示;例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当Our teacher of English is an American. Is it yoursThe weather has turned cold. The speech is exciting.Three times seven is twenty one His job is to teach English.His hobby is playing football. The machine must be out of order.Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad.五宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面;例如：They went to see an exhibition yesterday.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. He pretended not to see me.I enjoy listening to popular music. I thinkthathe is fit for his office.宾语种类：1双宾语间接宾语+直接宾语,例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.2复合宾语宾语+宾补,例如：They elected him their monitor.六宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整;带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词如make等+宾语+宾补;宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当;例如：His father named him Dongming. They painted their boat white.Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.We saw her entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order.We will soon make our city what your city is now.七定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语;定语可由以下等成分表示：名词,形容词,代词,分词,动名词,不定式短语,介词短语等例如：找出定语并看由何种成分充当：Guilin is a beautiful city.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.There are thirty women teachers is our school.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.He is reading an article about how to learn English.八状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语;可由以下形式表示：Light travels most quickly.副词及副词性词组He has lived in the city for ten years.介词短语He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.不定式短语He is in the room making a model plane.分词短语Wait a minute.名词Once you begin, you must continue.状语从句状语种类如下：How about meeting again at six 时间状语Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.原因状语I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.条件状语Mr Smith lives on the third floor.地点状语She put the eggs into the basket with great care.方式状语She came in with a dictionary in her hand.伴随状语In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.目的状语He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.结果状语She works very hard though she is old.让步状语I am taller than he is.比较状语英语句子结构英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式;这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子;换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的;这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构He runs quicklyS十V十F主系表结构He seems interested in the book常见的系动词有：look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等S十V十O主谓宾结构They found their home easily．S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/his seat to me．带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get；rob,warn等S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构They named the boy Charlie．说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾11.We always work hard at English.12.He said he didn't come.13.She watched her daughter playing the piano.14.Speaking doesn't mean doing.15.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.16.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.17.It takes me an hour to get there.语法填空强化练习1In the past a gentleman would offer his seat __1__ a lady on a crowded bus. But now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, __2__leav e the lady standing __3__ someone else gets off. You can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners. __4__go are the days when women could be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding __5__equal with men in jobs, in education and in social life. Hold a door for some women __6__ you are likely to get __7__ angry lecture on treating women __8__ weaklings. Take a girl out for a meal and she’ll probably insist on paying __9__ share of the bill. All these, according to some socio logists, will change men’s attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being __10__replace by true consideration for the needs and feeling of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.语法填空强化练习2In the small towns of the United States in the __1__nineteen century, the general store was __2__ everyone bought the things he couldn’t make __3__ grow at home. What the stores sold __4__tell a great deal about __5__ life at that time. People bought tools that they needed for farm work; salt, sugar and __6__ foods that the farm didn’t produce; articles of clothing that they couldn’t make __7__; shirts for the men; or clothes for the children. Life was simple then. One feels that people were __8__thank for what they had and that they looked __9__ with courage to whatever the future brought. It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. Would it seem to them that life is too complex Would they enjoy __10__live a life as we do now语法填空强化练习3Do you feel __1__ difficult to be happy all the time Now I’ll give you some tips __2__ how to make yourself happy. One way is being __3__ self because unselfishness is the key factor __4__ require if you want to get along well with others. By __5__ say being unselfish we mean we __6__ not want everything our own way or demand the best share of everything. Another way is to look for good points in __7__ people. You’ll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy. Thi rd, you can not expect to be too perfect, __8__ don’t be too unhappy when you make a mistake. Everything will be OK if you try to make things right. Finally, it is important to remember that while you are no __9__ bad than others, chances you have may not be much better. In this case, __10__ surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.。
句子结构成分分析讲解加练习完整版
I. 根据结构划分：①简单句S+V（主+谓）S+V+P(主+谓+表)S+V+O（主+谓+宾）S+V+o+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补）②并列句and, but, or③复合句：名词从句（宾，主，表，同）副词从句（状语从句）形容词从句（定语从句）II. 根据功能划分：陈述句疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反义疑问句，修辞疑问句）祈使句感叹句I. 常用作连系动词：①变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, , turn口诀：好是come，坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 颜色、天气大不同turn；Get\ become口语化，如果要说就用它.口诀解读：Come 一般表示事物由坏变好，结果是好的。
如：Dreams come true. 梦想成真。
Go 一般表示事物由好变坏，结果是不好的。
如：It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly. 今天太热了，菜都馊了。
Grow 表示逐渐变化，强调的是缓慢变化的过程，后面往往接表示天气或外貌变化的静态形容词。
如：I want to grow old with you. 我想和你一起慢慢变老。
Run 与grow 是对应的，其主语多为能流动，能消耗的东西。
如：Still water runs deep.静水深流。
Turn多接表示颜色和天气的形容词，侧重于表达与之前大不相同。
如：The weather suddenly turned hot.天气突然变热了。
In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out. 春天树变绿了，花开了。
II. 代双宾语的动词“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”画“制作”for来了。
1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。
英语划分句子成分精讲和练习题
句子句子从目的上分：2疑问句1〕一般疑问句2〕选择疑问句3〕反意疑问句4〕特殊疑问句5〕双重疑问句3．祈使句4．感慨句句子从构造上分：1．简单句2．并列句〔并列复合句〕3．复合句〔主从复合句〕1〕名词性从句：〔1〕主从(2) 宾从(3)表从(4)同从2〕形容词性从句定从〔限定性的定语从句与非限定性的定语从句〕3) 副词性从句〔状从〕简单句的五种根本句型subject〕: 是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
The sun rises in the east. 〔名词〕He likes dancing. 〔代词〕Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. 〔动名词〕To see is to believe. 〔不定式〕What he needs is a book. 〔主语从句〕It is very clear that the elephant is roundand tall like a tree.〔It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语〕predicate〕: 说明主语的动作、状态与特征。
We study English.He likes playing thegames.predicative〕: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态与特征。
He is a teacher. 〔名词〕Five and five is ten. 〔数词〕He is asleep. 〔形容词〕His father is in. 〔副词〕The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)My watch is gone / missing / lost. 〔形容词化的分词〕To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, Ican’t buy a ring. 〔不定式〕The question is whether they willcome. 〔表语从句〕feel〔感觉〕 ...It sounds a good idea.The soundsounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.The door remains open. Now I feel tired.1〕动作的承受者-----动宾I like China. 〔名词〕He hates you. 〔代词〕How many do you need We need two. 〔数词〕We should help the old and the poor.I enjoy working with you. 〔动名词〕I hope to see you again. 〔不定式〕Did you write down what he said〔宾语从句〕 2〕介词后的名词、代词与动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake Under thesnow, there are many rocks.3间宾〔指人〕与直宾〔指物〕He gave me a book yesterday. Give thepoor man some money.We elected him monitor. 〔名词〕We all think it a pity that she didn’t comehere. 〔名〕We will make them happy. 〔形容词〕We found nobody in. ( 副词)Please make yourself at home. 介词短语〕Don’t let him do that. 〔省to不定式〕His father advised him to teach the lazy boya lesson. 〔带to不定式〕Don’t keep the lights burning. 〔现在分词〕I’ll have my bike repaired. 〔过去分词〕He was elected monitor.She was found singing in the next room.He was advised to teach the lazy boy alesson.Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.〔名词〕He is our friend. 〔代词〕We belong to the third world. 〔数词〕He was advised to teach the lazy boy alesson.〔形容词〕The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms ismy sister. (介词)The boys playing football are in Class2. 〔现在分词〕The trees planted last year are growing wellnow. 〔过去分词〕I have an idea to do it well. 〔不定式〕You should do everything that I do. 〔定语从句〕v., adj., adv., or 句子。
(完整word版)初中英语句子成分划分及练习
句子成分 (Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢？句子的构成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中，词与词之间有必定的组合关系，依据不一样的关系，能够把句子分为不一样的构成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充任。
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（ predicative ）、宾语（object ）、定语（ attribute ）、状语 (adverbial) 和补语（complement ）。
英语句子的基本构造能够概括成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各样英语句子构造的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式以下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：能够作主语的成分闻名词（如boy），主格代词（如you ），动词不定式，动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语以后。
不及物动词（ vi. ）没有宾语，形成主谓构造，如：We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特色，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完好的意思。
这种动词叫做不及物动词，后边能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词）1.The sun │ was shining.太阳在照射着。
2.The moon │ rose.月亮升起了。
3.The universe │ remains.宇宙长存。
4.We all │ breathe, eat, and drink.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5.Who │ cares?管它呢？6.What he said │ does not matter.他所讲的没有什么关系。
7.They │talked for half an hour.他们谈了半个小时。
英语划分句子成分句式练习题及答案
英语句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.The rich should help the poor. It is necessary to master a foreign language.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book fortwo weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
英语句子成分划分的基本概述附配套练习及答案解析
英语句子成分定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主语：句子的主体Students study English.Smoking is bad for health.What he has said is true. 从句做主语（主语从句）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（It是形式主语，从句that...tree才是真正主语）（主语从句）练习：划出句中主语The sun rises in the east.Twenty years is a short time in history.The poor are now living in the shelter.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.What he needs is a book.谓语：动词或者动词词组1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：Students study English2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：He can speak English. He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。
如：We are students.练习：选出下列句子中的谓语I don't like the picture on the wall.I usually go to school by bus.Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.What I want to tell you is this.We had better send for a doctor.He is interested in music.He can speak English well.表语：系动词后面的成分名词作表语 I am a student. My father is a teacher.形容词作表语 This table is long. You look young. It gets cold.It sounds interesting.副词作表语 Everyone is here.介词短语作表语 They are in the park.不定式作表语 My job is to teach them English.动名词作表语 Her job is training the nurses.从句作表语（表语从句） That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.系动词：(1) 状态: be 动词(2) 持续：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand.(3) 表像：表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem,appear,look(4) 感官：表示“……起来”,有feel（摸起来,感觉）,smell（闻起来）,sound（听起来）,taste（尝起来,吃起来）等(5) 变化：表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run(6) 终止：主要有prove, turn out（结果是,证明是）等.如：His story proved false.他讲的情况原来是假的.My intuition turned out to be correct.我的直觉证明是对的.练习：划出句中表语The speech is exciting.They seem to know the truth.Time is precious.I’m tired today.That remains a puzzle.I don’t feel sad.That’s why he came here.宾语：动作承受者名/代词作宾语 He never forgives others. He often helps me.不定式作宾语 He likes to sleep in the open air.动名词作宾语 The Americans enjoyed living in China.从句做宾语（宾语从句） I believe that they can finish the work in time.We found it necessary to study English.（it形式宾语，to do是真正宾语）宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语. 直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Please pass me the book. （me是间接宾语，the book是直接宾语）练习：划出句中宾语Show your passport, please.She didn't say anything.How many do you want? - I want two.They sent the injured to hospital.They asked to see my passport.I enjoy working with you.Did you write down what he said?I succeeded in passing the exam.宾语补足语：有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整，否则就不完整。
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句子句子从目的上分：1.陈述句2疑问句1）一般疑问句2）选择疑问句3）反意疑问句4）特殊疑问句5）双重疑问句3．祈使句4．感叹句句子从结构上分：1．简单句2．并列句（并列复合句）3．复合句（主从复合句）1）名词性从句：（1）主从 (2) 宾从 (3)表从 (4)同从2）形容词性从句定从（限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句）3) 副词性从句（状从）简单句的五种基本句型subject）: 是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
The sun rises in theeast.（名词）He likesdancing.（代词）Twenty years is ashort time in history.(数词)Seeing isbelieving.（动名词）To see is tobelieve.（不定式）What he needs is a book.（主语从句）It is very clear thatthe elephant is roundand tall like atree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We studyEnglish.He likes playing the games.predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is ateacher. （名词）Five and five is ten. （数词）He isasleep. （形容词）His father isin. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)My watch is gone /missing /lost.（形容词化的分词）To wear a flower is tosay “I’m poor, Ican’t buy a ring. （不定式）The question iswhether they willcome.（表语从句）（感觉） ...It sounds a goodidea.Thesound sounds strange.Her voice soundssweet.Tom looksthin.The food smellsdelicious.The foodtastes good.The door remainsopen.Now I feeltired.1）动作的承受者-----动宾I like China. （名词） He hatesyou. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）We should help the old and the poor.I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake?Under the snow, there are many rocks.3-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a bookyesterday.Give the poor mansome money.全称为宾语补足语。
We elected himmonitor. （名词）We all think it a pitythat she didn’t comehere. （名）We will make themhappy. （形容词）We found nobodyin. ( 副词 )Please make yourselfat home. 介词短语）Don’t let him do that.（省to不定式）His father advised himto teach the lazy boya lesson. （带to不定式）Don’t keep the lightsburning. （现在分词）I’ll have my bikerepaired. （过去分词）He was electedmonitor.She was found singingin the next room.或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is achemistry teacher.（名词）He is our friend.（代词）We belong to the third world. （数词）He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）v.,adj., adv., or 句子。
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步怎样划分英语句子中的成分？主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语分别有什么用法，应该怎样划分？首先，要熟悉五种句子的基本结构，其次，要系统学习名词、代词、数词、形容词、动词、副词等此类，了解什么词可以充当句中的什么要素。
一般的，名词做主语和宾语，动词作谓语，形容词修饰名词和做表语，副词修饰句子或者动词……定语、状语词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。
副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。
形容词作定语：The little boy needs ablue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。
There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。
数词作定语相当于形容词：Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。
The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。
There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。
代词或名词所有格作定语：His boy needs Tom\'s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。
His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。
There are two boys ofToms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。
介词短语作定语：The boy in theclassroom needs a penof yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
The boy in blue isTom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
There are two boys of9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。
名词作定语：The boy needs a ballpen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。
It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔。
There is only one ballpen in the pencilbox./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。
副词作定语：The boy there needs apen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
The best boy here isTom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。
不定式作定语：The boy to write thisletter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
The boy to write thisletter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。
There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。
分词（短语）作定语：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。
There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。
定语从句：The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
The boy you will knowis Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。
There are five boyswho will play thegame./参加游戏的男孩有五个。
词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。
有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意，如：The boy callsthe girl in theclassroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘（此时in theclassroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’（此时in theclassroom为地点状语），最好写作‘In theclassroom,the boy calls the girl.\'副词（短语）作状语：The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。
（程度状语）The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。
（宾语较长则状语前置）The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。