物流文献

Logistics and Information Technology : Previous Research and Future ResearchExpensionUmussaa’dah Adam, Mohd Iskandar Illyas Tan ,Mohammad Ishak DesaFaculty of Computer Science and Information SystemsUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia,Skudai ,Johor, Malaysiaumussaadah@, iskandar@fsksm.utm.my, mishak@utm.myAbstract-This paper discusses some of the research that has been done previously by researchers tow ards the issues of information technology in logistics. The purpose of this paper is to show that there is a lot of research that had been done by many researchers in logistics that related to information technology and can be seen as an opportunity to take into consideration to search any gap on it and discover any potential for future research expansion.Keywords-logistics; supply chain management;XML;EDI;ITI.I NTRODUCTIONThe rapid changes in computer and information technology are having profound changes on logistics management [1]. Supply chain management (SCM) is the 21st century global operations strategy for achieving organizational competitiveness [2]. In order to best compete on such competitiveness, performance objective such as price, flexibility, responsiveness and dependability, companies decentralize their operations with the objective of focusing on core competencies and building virtual enterprises through strategic alliance. Virtual enterprises are commonly related to information technology (IT). Thus, in a sense of establish the virtual enterprise, those are mean to have web based management or e-business, information data interchange, customer demand information sharing between supplier over the internet and more.Some of the issues that related to logistics and IT are global logistics and e-commerce markets, Supply Chain Management (SCM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), third and fourth party logistics (3PL & 4PL), e-commerce and e-businesses, data interchange (EDI and XML), IT-enabled tracking and tracing, on-board transportation technologies and computerized warehousing management. This issues and concept will be discussed more in the next section.In the first part, this paper will discuss briefly on logistics, IT in supply chain management and logistics. Then, in the second part, based on an analysis on 74 articles in selected journal and proceeding, this paper will highlight more on the previous research that had been done by researchers in various issues which related to logistics and information technology. Next, this paper will explore some of the future research base on the above analysis stated. After that, this paper will discuss those findings and as a conclusion this paper will gather all the issues and subtopic that has discuss in this together with some suggestion and recommendation for future research.II.BACKGROUNDA.LogisticsLogistics can be understood as a subset of supply chain management performance. Logistics can be define as strategically managing the procurement, involve the movement of material as well as storage of materials, parts and finished product inventory and related with the information flows, through the organization at a maximum profits with minimum costs in fulfillment of orders[3].Previously the term of logistics are only used in military purposes until in early twentieth century, approximately early 2003 logistics especially in an academic field was growth and relatively young compared to other established academic disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, philosophy and psychology [4-6]. Not surprisingly, much of logistics research has its roots in theories borrowed from the more established disciplines. In fact, logistics research is primarily an outgrowth from the business disciplines of marketing and management, with some input coming from engineering[5].Logistics are such important to the globalization economic and marketing business. Furthermore, logistics is not only what people always think (eg. transportation), but logistics is more than that. Logistics management is part of supply chain management that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverses flow and storage of goods, services and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers' requirements [7]. Supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion, and all logistics management activities. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers, and customers. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies[6].As a whole, logistics are the combination of material management (e.g. demand forecasting, purchasing, production planning, manufacturing inventory) and physical distribution (e.g. finished goods inventory, distributionplanning, and order processing, transportation, and customer services).B.IT in Supply Chain ManagementSupply chain management (SCM) is the 21st century global operations strategy for achieving organizational competitiveness. Companies are attempting to find ways to improve their flexibility and responsiveness and in turn competitiveness by changing their operations strategy, methods and technologies that include the implementation of SCM paradigm and IT[2].Recently the concepts of supply chain design and management have become a popular operations paradigm[2]. This is because supply chain management has to overcome and cope with the increasing of the complexity of the systems between supplier and supplier as well as buyer and supplier relationships. The complexity of SCM has also forced companies to go for online communication systems which are the reason on why IT is important in SCM.C.IT in LogisticsAs IT is very important to SCM, the same goes to logistics. Logistic technologies is changing the nature of business operation; it reduced the cost of transaction and redefining organizations and their interconnections[1]. IT in logistics plays a pivotal role in firm success. Specifically, research indicates that firm success is strongly dependent on effective information sharing [8].In recent years, a lot of technology was used to enhance the capability of logistics business process especially in data interchange. Among the technologies are Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Internet-based EDI, Extensible Markup Language (XML), RosettaNet and others.III.DATA COLLECTIONTable 1 shows a collection of various researches in logistics, SCM, information systems and IT published from 1990 to 2009. 74 articles were reviewed from selected referred journals and well established proceedings (e.g. ISI, SCOPUS, Science direct and IEEE explore). We also has decided not to include resources from books or academic magazines based on the belief that practitioners and academics prefer using journals to acquire and disseminate new knowledge[9].The result from the list of journal that reviewed can be found in Table 1. The table shows list of IT issues or research area that previously done in logistics from 90’s until now. The area that has been covered were Supply Chain Management (SCM), Enterprise Resource Planning/ Manufacturing Resource Planning (ERP/MRP), Extensible Markup Language (XML) together with any data standard, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), E-Commerce and E-Business, communication technology, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), G lobal Positioning Systems (G PS), Support systems such decision support systems and IT strategies.TABLE I. A RTICLES ANALYSEDIT Issues/research areaReferences1990-1999 2000-2009SCM [10]; [11]; [12];[13]; [14];[15]; [16]; [17]; [18]; [19]; [20];[2]; [21]; [22]; [23]; [24]; [25];[26]; [27]; [28]; [29]; [30]; [6];[31]; [32]; [33]; [34]; [35]; [36];[37]; [37]; [38]; [39]; [40]; [41];[8]; [42]; [43]; [44]; [45]; [46]ERP/MRP[47]; [20]; [2]; [22]; [24]; [25];[27]; [32]; [48]; [36]; [38]; [39];[40]; [49]; [50]XML/DataStandard[2]; [51]; [22]; [52]; [6];[53];[54]; [55]; [56]; [57]; [42];[44];[58]; [59]EDI[10]; [60]; [61];[62]; [11]; [63];[12]; [14]; [64][65]; [66]; [17]; [18]; [67]; [68];[2]; [51]; [21]; [22]; [27]; [6];[32]; [34]; [36]; [54]; [38]; [69];[55]; [39]; [41]; [44]; [58]; [45];[12]; [50]E-commerce/E-business[11]; [63]; [13][65]; [47]; [18]; [19]; [2]; [51];[22]; [23]; [70]; [28]; [71]; [29];[30]; [6]; [54]; [38]; [69]; [55];[39]; [56]; [21]; [8]; [49]; [57] CommunicationTechnology[1]; [72]; [62];[11]; [13]; [14][66]; [15]; [47]; [17]; [18]; [68];[22]; [70]; [71]; [53]; [32]; [33];[38]; [39]; [41]; [8]; [58]; [50]RFID[22]; [70]; [53]; [32]; [34]; [35];[38]; [39]GPS [16]; [68]; [53]; [32]; [38]; [39] Support System [72]; [14];[21]; [22]; [73]; [74]; [48]; [39];[40]; [45]; [75]; [50]IT Strategies[1]; [72]; [61];[62]; [13][66];[2]; [73]; [27]; [76]; [39];[40]; [21]; [8]Figure 1. Num. of prevoius research based on issues/research areaIV.RESULT AND FINDINGSBased on Table 1, we have populated a graph to highlight the significant of the result. Figure 1 shows the distribution of research done in IT in logistics that reflects the trends of research from 1990 to 2009.From the analysis, between 1990 to 1999 the most popular research involving IT in logistics were EDI (12%), followed by SCM (9%) and communication technology (8%). None of the article found stated on XML/data standard, RFID and G PS. Meanwhile, the dawn of new millennium (2000 to 2009) experience a significant increase in all research area involving IT in logistics especially in SCM (51%), EDI (36%) and E-Commerce/ E-Business (33%). At the same time new area of IT research also emerged during this period such as ERP/ MRP (17%), XML/ data standard (19%), RFID (10%) and GPS (6%).In a paper by J.Closs, Goldsby, and Clinton [13] they had discussed some role of IT in logistics. The objective of the paper is to determine the relationship between Information System (IS) capabilities and logistics competence. They also identify the Logistics Information Systems (LIS) capabilities that contribute most to logistics competence and also developed some understanding on the relationship between LIS development strategy and logistics competence.From the perspective of Spanish companies on IT in logistics, G utiérrez and Durán, [12] explore the issues on information data interchange, EDI utilization and logistics outsourcing. Their research focused on the Spanish company particularly in detergents and electrical appliances sectors which those are related to the third-party logistics.One of such dominant researcher on IT in Logistics based on Table 1 is Nurmilaakso. He has done several research that focusing more on data standard and data exchange especially in EDI and XML. Among the research that he had done were “Adoption of e-business function and migration from EDI- Based to XML-Based e-business frameworks in Supply Chain Integration” in 2007, “XML and e-business frameworks: A survey” 2007 and “XML-based Supply Chain Integration : A Case Study” 2002. Inside those paper he/she were highlight such interest in his research on adoption of e-business function using IT , then the characteristics of company to migrate from EDI to XML for data interchange purposes, the integration of information and logistics to sustain the competitiveness of business. These research also similar with other authors like Rajesh Piplani, Shaligram Pokharel, Albert Tan (2004), David J. Closs, Katrina Savitskie , Jeremy Hammant (1995) , Michael Bourlakis, Constantine Bourlakis(2006), Eric jui-lin Lui , Ru-Hui Tsai , Shihyu Chou (2001).V.DISCUSSIONOverall from previous research, those researchers try to highlight the importance of IT in logistics and SCM as whole. Then they also look on how the It can give such competitiveness advantage to their logistics and supply chain business process. There are also characteristics that important to make those companies weather to adopt or migrate those technologies into their companies, such characteristics are size of companies, number of staff that educated and computer literate, companies business function whether companies are dealing with internet highly frequent or not. This is because most of big companies and companies that highly used internet or web based system and have staff that educated and computer literate are tent to use high or latest technology to handle their daily business then to merge or adopting from especially from previous technology like EDI to latest technology XML.VI.FURTHER RESEARCHBased on the findings, there are a numbers of research areas for future expansion. Among the areas that should be further explored in the future are data standard and exchange technologies in logistics such as Internet-based EDI and XML, as well as advanced tracking and tracing technologies such as RFID and G PS. Nevertheless, area that gains attentions during the 2000 and 2009 period (e.g. SCM, ERP, MRP and e-commerce and e-business) will also play a major role in future research in IT and logistics.VII.CONCLUSIONAs a conclusion, this paper discussed about logistics, IT in supply chain management and logistics. We also provide a literature review analysis that shows some of the research that had been done previously by researcher and discussed on that significant research base which shows the current research trends in IT in logistics that further leads to future research expansion in those areas.R EFERENCES[1]Schary, P.B. and J. Coakley, Logistics Organization and theInformation System. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 1991. 2(2).[2]G unasekaran, A. and E.W.T. Ngai, Information systems in supplychain integration and management. European Journal Of Operational Research, 2004. 159(159): p. 27.[3]Sap, M.N.M., M.I. Desa, and F.A. Rahman, Unsupervised PredictiveFailure Detection in Logistics Scheduling. Proceedings of the 5th Postgraduates Annual Research Seminar PARS'09, 2009: p. 7.[4]Blanchard, B.S., Logistics engineering and management. 6th ed, ed.M.J. Horton, et al. 2004, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. 546.[5]Stock, J.r., Applying theories from other disciplines to logistics.International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 1997. Vol. 27(No. 9/10,): p. 24.[6]Nurmilaakso, J.-M., Adoption of e-business functions and migrationfrom EDI-based to XML-based e-business frameworks in supply chain integration. International Journal of production economics, 2008: p. 13.[7]Bowersox, D.J., D.J. Closs, and M.B. Cooper, Supply Chain LogisticsManagement. 3rd ed, ed. B. G ordon, et al. 2010, New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. 498.[8]J.Closs, D. and K. Savitskie, Internal and External LogisticsInformation Technology Integration. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 2003. 14(1): p. 14.[9]G onzalez, R., J. G asco, and J. Llopis, Information systemsoutsourcing: A literature analysis. Information & Management, 2006(43): p. 14.[10]Hameri, E.E.a.A.-P. and K. Lähteenmäki, Experiences of differentapproaches in logistics Engineering Costs and Production Economics, 1991. 21(2): p. 15.[11]Bollopaper, D. and M. Stumm, Possible changes in logistic chainrelationships due to internet developments International Transactions in Operational Research, 1998. 5(6): p. 18.[12]G utiérrez, G. and A. Durán, Information technology in logistics: aSpanish perspective. Logistics Information Management, 1997. 10(2): p. 7.[13]J.Closs, D., T.J. Goldsby, and S.R. Clinton, Information Technologyinfluences on world class logistics capability. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 1997. 27(1): p. 13. [14]Hammant, J., Information technology trends in logistics. LogisticsInformation Management, 1995. 8(6): p. 6.[15]Scho¨nsleben, P., With agility and adequate partnership strategiestowards effective logistics networks. Computers in Industry, 2000. 42: p. 10.[16]G ebresenbet, G. and D. Ljungberg, Coordination and RouteOptimization of Agricultural oods Transport to attenuate Environmental Impact. J. agric. Engng Res, 2001. 4(80): p. 14.[17]Barut, M., W. Faisst, and J.J. Kanet, Measuring supply chain coupling:an information system perspective. European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, 2002. 8: p. 11. [18]Stefansson, G., Business-to-business data sharing: A source forintegration of supply chains. Int. J. Production Economics, 2002. 75: p. 12.[19]G rieger, M., Electronic marketplaces: A literature review and a callfor supply chain management research. European Journal of Operational Research, 2003. 144: p. 15.[20]Otto, A. and H. Kotzab, Does supply chain management really pay?Six perspectives to measure the performance of managing a supply chain. European Journal of Operational Research, 2003. 144: p. 13. [21]Subramani, M., How Do Suppliers Benifit From InformationTechnology Use In Supply Chain Relationships? MIS Quarterly, 2004. 28(1): p. 30.[22]Auramo, J., J. Kauremaa, and K. Tanskanen, Benefits of IT in supplychain management: an explorative study of progressive companies.International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 2005. 35(2): p. 19.[23]Bergendahl, G., Models for investment in electronic commerce—financial perspectives with empirical evidence. Omega The International Journal of Managemnet Science, 2005. 33: p. 14.[24]Daugherty, P.J., et al., Reverse logistics: superior performancethrough focused resource commitments to information technology.Transportation Research Part E, 2005. 41: p. 16.[25]Helo, P. and B. Szekely, Logistics information systems An analysis ofsoftware solutions for supply chain co-ordination. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2005. 105(1): p. 14.[26]Sachan, A. and S. Datta, Review of supply chain management andlogistics research. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 2005. 35(9): p. 42.[27]Wu, F., et al., The impact of information technology on supply chaincapabilities and firm performance: A resource-based view. Industrial Marketing Management, 2006. 35: p. 12.[28]Baglieri, E., R. Secchi, and S. Croom, Exploring the impact of asupplier portal on the buyer–supplier relationship. The case of Ferrari Auto. Industrial Marketing Management, 2007. 36: p. 8.[29]Klein, R., Customization and real time information access inintegrated eBusiness supply chain relationships. Journal of Operation Management, 2007. 25: p. 16.[30]Jiang, J. and J. Zhang, Organizational Trust and Supply ChainPerformance in B2B E-Commerce: Evidence from an Emerging Logistics Market. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics Qingdao, China September 2008, 2008: p. 6.[31]Huang, S. and H. Liu, A customer driven model for integrated supplychain management system. International Seminar on Business and Information Management, ISBIM 2008 2009. 2: p. 4.[32]Mondragon, A.E.C., et al., Facilitating multimodal logistics andenabling information systems connectivity through wireless vehicular networks. Int. J.ProductionEconomic, 2009(122): p. 12.[33]Pedroso, M.C. and DaviNakano, Knowledge and information flows insupply chains: A study on pharmaceutical companies. Int. J.Production Economics, 2009(122): p. 9.[34]W.Y.Wong, C., Kee-hungLai, and E.W.T.Ngai, The role ofsupplieroperational adaptation on the performance of IT-enabled transport logistics under environmental uncertainty. Int. J.Production Economics, 2009(122): p. 9.[35]Woo, S.H., et al., An active product state tracking architecture inlogistics sensor networks. Computers in Industry, 2009. 60: p. 12. [36]Wu, I.-L. and C.-H. Chuang, Analyzing contextual antecedents forthe stage-based diffusion of electronic supply chain management.Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2009. 8: p. 13. [37]Xuhua, P., Information Technology in Logistics and Supply ChainManagement. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics Qingdao, China 2008: p. 4.[38]Ketikedis, P.H., et al., The use of information systems for logisticsand supply chain management in South East Europe: Current statusand future direction. Omega The International Journal of Managemnet Science, 2006. 36: p. 8.[39]Pokharel, S., Perception on information and communicationtechnology perspectives in logistics A study of transportation and warehouses sectors in Singapore. The Journal Of Enterprise Information Management, 2005. 18(2): p. 14.[40]Liu, X. and S. Ma, Quantitative Analysis of Enterprise's LogisticsCapability Based on Supply Chain Performance. IEEE Computer Society / Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE’05), 2005: p. 4.[41]Piplani, R., S. Pokharel, and A. Tan, Perspective on the Use ofInformation Technology at Third Party Logistics Service Providers in Singapore. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 2004.16(1): p. 8.[42]Nurmilaakso, J.-M., J. Kettunen, and I. Seilonen, XML-based supplychain integration : a case study. Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2002. 13(8): p. 10.[43]Tan, K.C., A frame work of supply chain management literature.European Journal Of Purchasing & Supply Management, 2001. 7: p.9.[44]Lu, E.J.-L., R.-H. Tsai, and S. Chou, An Empirical study ofXML/EDI. The Journal of Systems and Software, 2001. 58: p. 9. [45]Vermeer, B.H.P.J., How Important is Data Quality for Evaluating theImpact of EDI on G lobal Supply Chains? Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - 2000, 2000: p.10.[46]Caldelas-Lopez, A. and J. Pastor, Towards a Research Agenda forSCM systems. Americas Conferences on Information Systems (AMCIS), 2006: p. 6.[47]Keil, T., et al., Information and communication technology drivenbusiness transformation - a call for research. Computer In Industry, 2001. 44: p. 20.[48]Riezebos, J., W. Klingenberg, and C. Hicks, Lean Production andinformation technology: Connection or contradiction? Computers in Industry, 2009(60): p. 11.[49]Rutner, S.M., B.J. G ibson, and S.R. Williams, The impacts of theintegrated logistics systems on electronic commerce and enterprise resource planning systems. Transportation Research Part E, 2003. 39: p. 11.[50]Ngai, E.W.T., K.-H. Lai, and T.C.E. Cheng, Logistics informationsystems: The Hong Kong experience, in International Journal of production economics. 2008. p. 12.[51]Hiseh, C.-t. and B. Lin, Impact of Standardization on EDI in B2Bdevelopment. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2004. 104(1): p. 10.[52]Zhao, X.-x., et al., Resource Modeling of Logistic Grid System Basedon XML. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics August 18 - 21, 2007, Jinan, China, 2007: p. 5.[53]Coronado M., A.E., E.S. Coronado M., and C.S. Lalwani, Wirelessvehicular networks to support road haulage and port operations in a multimodal logistics environment. IEEE/INFORMS International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics, SOLI 2009 2009: p. 6.[54]Nurmilaakso, J.-M., EDI, XML and e-business frameworks: A survey.Computer In Industry, 2008. 59: p. 10.[55]Kim, S.W., R. Jung, and M.S. Kim, Frameworks on New XML/EDISystem for B2B Shipping Companies in Korea. IEEE Computer Society / Proceedings of the 2005 Third ACIS Int'l Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA’05), 2005: p. 6.[56]Nurmilaakso, J.-M., P. Kotinurmi, and H. Laesvuori, XML-based e-business frameworks and standardization. Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2006. 28: p. 15. [57]Yen, D.C., S.-M. Huang, and C.-Y. Ku, The impact andimplementation of XML on business-to-business commerce.Computer Standards & Interfaces, 2002. 24(24): p. 15.[58]Miyazawa, T. and T. Kushida, An Advanced Internet XML/EDIModel Based on Secure XML Documents. IBM Research, Tokyo Research Laboratory - IEEE, 2000: p. 6.[59]Lim, B.B.L. and H.J. Wen, The impact of next generation XML.Information Management & Computer Security, 2002. 10(1): p. 8. [60]G ermain, R., The adoption of logistics process technology bymanufacturers Journal of Business Research, 1993. 27(1): p. 12. [61]Ramani, K.V., R. Yap, and F. Pavri, Case study Informationtechnology enables business process reengineering at YCH DistriPark(Singapore). Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 1995. 4(1): p.8.[62]Slats, P.A., et al., Invited Review Logistic chain modelling. EuropeanJournal of Operational Research, 1995. 87: p. 20.[63]Lee, M.K.O., Internet-based financial EDI: towards a theory of itsorganizational adoption. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 1998. 30: p. 10.[64]Banerjee, S. and D.Y. G olhar, Electronic data interchange:Characteristics of users and nonusers. Information & Management, 1994. 26(26): p. 11.[65]Angeles, R., Revisiting the role of Internet-EDI in the currentelectronic commerce scene. Logistics Information Management, 2000.13(1): p. 12.[66][66] Kia, M., E. Shayan, and F. G hotb, The importance ofinformation technology in port terminal operations. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 2000. 30: p. 14.[67]Jun, M. and S. Cai, Key obstacles to EDI success: from the US smallmanufacturing companies' perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2003. 103(3): p. 11.[68]Giannopoulos,G.A., The application of information and communication technologies in transport. European Journal of Operational Research, 2004(152): p. 19.[69]Chiu, R.-K. and J.C.H. Chen, A generic service model for secure datainterchange. Industrial Data Management & Data Systems, 2005.105(5): p. 18.[70]Kim, C., K.H. Yang, and Jaekyung Kimc, A strategy for third-partylogistics systems: A case analysis using the blue ocean strategy.Omega The International Journal of Managemnet Science, 2006.36(4).[71]Daviesa, I., R. Masona, and C. Lalwanib, Assessing the impact ofICT on UK general haulage companies. International Journal of production economics, 2007. 106: p. 16.[72]Hamilton, J.W., Wireless communication systems: A satellite-basedcommunications approach for competitive advantage in logistic and transportation support services Computers in Industry, 1993. 21(3): p.5.[73]Kengpola, A. and M. Tuominen, A framework for group decisionsupport systems: An application in the evaluation of information technology for logistics firms. Int. J. Production Economics, 2006.101: p. 13.[74]Bienstock, C.C., et al., An expanded model of logistics service quality:Incorporating logistics information technology. International Journal of production economics, 2007. 113(1).[75][Shang, K.-c. and P. B.Marlow, Logistics capability and performancein Taiwan’s major manufacturing firms. Transportation Research Part E, 2005. 41: p. 18.[76]Bourlakis, M. and C. Bourlakis, Integrating logistics and informationtechnology strategies for sustainable competitive advantage. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 2006. 19(4): p. 14.。