(通用版)2016高考英语二轮复习 题型专题方略 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 第一讲 语法填空题型分析课件
浙江杭州市2016高考英语短文改错二轮基础演练(4)及答案
浙江杭州市2016高考英语短文改错二轮基础演练(4）及答案下面短文中有10处语言错误.请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写上该加的词.删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1。
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2。
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last evening, I went to teahouse with my best friend Susan. Before the tea was serving，we talked to each other happily．When the waiter went to us with the tea, we didn’t see himUnfortunately，Susan raises her hand to comb her hair just while the waiter bent to put theplate on the table. His hand hit the cup,and the tea was spattered(溅)on her trousers。
In mysurprise,instead of complaining，Susan smiled，“So luc ky that it’s not on my shirt，and I can’teven clean it” Her words were very inspired。
We cannot foresee what will happen，but lookingat it in a positive way can make us always be happy．【参考答案】2。
Last evening, I went to∧teahouse with my best friend Susan. Before thetea was serving，aservedwe talked to each other happily．When the waiter went to us with the tea, we didn’t see himcame Unfortunately, Susan raises her hand to comb her hair just while the waiter bent to put theraised whenplate on the table. His hand hit the cup，and the tea was spattered（溅）on her trousers. In myHerTosurprise，instead of complaining，Susan smiled,“So luc ky that it’s not on my shirt，and I can’toreven clean it” Her words were very inspired. We cannot foresee what will happen,but lookinginspiringat it in a positive way can make us always be happy．短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
2016版高考英语二轮复习专题四语法填空和短文改错第三讲十课堂达标训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2015·高考湖南卷改编)Video games can be a poor influence if ____________(leave)in the wrong hands.解析：句意：如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。
leave与其逻辑主语video games 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。
if left是状语从句的省略形式。
答案：left2．(2015·高考重庆卷改编)Bach died in 1750，but it was not until the early 19th century____________ his musical gift was fully recognized.解析：句意：巴赫于1750 年去世，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全承认。
it is/was...that...是强调句型，本题被强调部分是时间状语not until the early 19th century。
答案：that3．(2015·高考天津卷改编)Only when Lily walked into the office ____________ she realize that she had left the contract at home.解析：句意：只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘家里了。
本题考查only位于句首，引导的时间状语从句，主句要主谓倒装。
根据时态和句意可知填did。
答案：did4．(2014·高考天津卷改编)Give me a chance，____________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.解析：句意：给我一个机会，我就会给你一个大惊喜。
本题考查“祈使句＋and＋简单句”。
由空格前的“给我一个机会”和空格后的“我就会给你一个大惊喜”可知空格前后两部分是顺接关系，需用and连接。
2016届高考英语二轮复习：短文改错题组---Word版含答案
四、短文改错题组(一）短文改错Passage 1(2015·长春市质检二)Dear manager，I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised positions as a secretary of English。
Here I would like to introduce me briefly。
I am a 25－year－old young man graduated from the Foreign Languages Department of Jilin University. I have been a English guide for two years after graduation。
As a result, my oral English is pretty well。
I have great interest the job. I had much confidence in myself. If I am given to the job, I can assure you I will do my best to do it well。
I’d like to meet you at your convenient to discuss the possibility of working in your company。
An early reply to my application will be high appreciated.Yours respectfully，Wang Yong答案：Dear manager，I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised 错误!as a secretary of English.briefly。
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题4 动词和动词词组
高频考点·探究突破
-8-
1.易混动词辨析 (1)词形相近动词之间辨义。 ①lay(放),lie(躺)与lie(说谎)
中文 放
躺
原形 lay
lie
说谎 lie
过去式 laid lay
高频考点·探究突破
-16-
附:常用动词词组 1.与不同介词(副词)搭配的动词 (1)add短语 add to增加,增添 add up加起来 add up to总计,共达 (2)break短语 break away from脱离 break down坏掉;出故障;垮掉 break into闯入,破门而入 break out(战争)爆发 break in破门而入 break off打断;中断 break through逾越,突破;冲破 break up打碎;(物理)分解;分开;结束
questions and art will prevent her attaining great progress,and people will not 5.appreciate(欣赏) her any more in the end.
译文:虽然那位令人羡慕的女演员非常机敏,但是她却听不进其 他人的建议。她一直喜爱大量的津贴。不管怎么说,这种对待学术 和艺术的可怕态度将会阻止她取得大的进步,人们最终也不会再欣 赏她。
2.(2020·天津卷改编)We can’t
put off
(推迟) buying
a new printer for our company.The one we have doesn’t work.
解析:考查动词词组。句意:为我们公司买一台新打印机的事情 不能推迟了。我们现有的那台不工作了。put off意为“推迟”,在 can’t后用原形,故填put off。
2016年高考英语新课标I II III短文改错真题汇总及分析
2016年高考英语新课标I/ II/ III卷短文改错真题汇总1. 2016年高考英语新课标I 卷短文改错真题第四部分写作第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at mealtimes.Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.Keys:71. that →where 72. but去掉73. times→time74. had →have 75. honest→honesty76. or→and 77. using →used78. dreams后加of 79. the →a 80.our→his2. 2016年高考英语新课标II 卷短文改错真题第四部分写作第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
高考英语 二轮复习 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 第三讲 语法专题 七 定语从句
在从句中的作 用
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
栏目 导引
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
栏目 导引
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
易错警示 way后的定语从句的引导词
(1)当先行词是way时，若定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表 语，即way在从句中作状语时，则从句用in which或that引 导，引导词也可省略。 (2)如果way作先行词，定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语， 则用which或that引导该从句。若先行词在定语从句中作宾 语，which/that也可省略。
只用that 不用 which 的情况
只用which 不用that 的情况
先行词是all，few，little，much， something，anything，nothing等 不定代词时 先行词被the only，the very，the same，all等修饰时 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或 被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 先行词既有人又有物时
引导非限制性定语从句时
关系代词指物，且前有介词时
栏目 导引
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
关系代 词as和 which的 区别
as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、 后， as常译为“正如……，正像……”。从句 的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say， mention，report等。
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
七、定语从句
栏目 导引
专题四 语法填空和短文改错
[命题分析] 定语从句是高考考查的热点。在语法填空题和短文改错题中 主要考查：关系代词和关系副词的正确使用；“介词＋关系代 词”引导定语从句时介词或关系代词的选用等。在语法填空题 中一般都会涉及定语从句的考查，且考查形式为无提示词型 填空。在短文改错题中主要涉及：(1)关系代词与关系副词的 误用；(2)“介词＋关系代词”中介词的误用或关系代词的误 用；(3)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句在关系代词上的 误用；(4)句子成分的赘余；(5)定语从句与其他从句的混淆而 产生的错误等。
高三英语二轮复习专题二：语法填空和短文改错
(1)动词的考查是语法填空的重点，包括谓语动词和非谓语动 词。近 3 年的八套试题对动词的考查比较稳定，基本是每套 3－5 题，涉及的范围比较广，几乎涵盖了除虚拟语气之外所 有动词的用法。预计将来对动词的考查将一如既往地稳定， 虚拟语气也应引起大家的注意。 (2)名词、代词的考查每年都会涉及。名词主要考查单复数的 变化，代词主要考查人称代词主格、宾格和形容词性物主代 词的变化。在此提醒大家关注一下反身代词的考查。
栏目 导引
专题二
语法填空和短文改错
Later, engineers 68.____________(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69.____________ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70.____________(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. [解题导语] 本文是一篇说明文， 介绍了全世界第一个地
栏目 导引
专题二
语法填空和短文改错
(2017· 全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61.____________(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62.____________ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63.____________(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64.____________ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
高考英语轮复习 题型专题方略语法填空和短文改错 短文改错题型分析达标训练
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校短文改错题型分析A(2016·五校高三联考)This morning, I was jogging in the park when I caught the sight of a wallet on a bench. I picked up and checked the contents. Inside it,I found some money or a card with a phone number. Believe that the ownerwould be worried, I immediately tried the number. A man answered it inan amazed voice. Hearing that I had his wallet, he sighs with relief andtold me he would return right away. Ten minutes late, the man arrived.After confirming he was an owner, I handed the wallet back to him. Withhis thumb up, he expressed his gratitude to me repeated. Seeing the smileon her face, I felt happy that I was able to help.答案：This morning, I was jogging in the park when I caught the sight of a wallet on a bench. I picked it ∧up and checked the contents. Inside it, I found some money or and a card with a phone number. BelieveBelieving that theowner would be worried, I immediately tried the number. A man answeredit in an amazed amazing voice. Hearing that I had his wallet, he sighs sighedwithrelief and told me he would return right away. Ten minutes late later， theman arrived. After confirming he wasantheowner, I handed the wallet back to him. With his thumb up, he expressed his gratitude to me repeatedrepeatedly .Seeing the smile on herhisface, I felt happy that I was able to help.B(2015·河北唐山统一考试)Television plays important part in our life. It shows us program,like the news and sports events. We can watch films, listen tointerviews and hearing the sounds of events that happened far away.Television teach us about countries and cultures but we can enjoyentertainment. A television set can be used for another things as well.You can record shows and films for late viewing, watch DVDs, or even playvideo games. Television was being developed over 80 years,influenced our life ever since.答案：Television plays an ∧important part in our life. It shows us programprograms， like the news and sports events. We can watch films, listento interviews and hearing hear the sounds of events that happenedhappen far away. Television teach teaches us about countries and cultures butand we can enjoy entertainment. A television set can be used for anotherotherthings as well.You can record shows and films forlate later viewing, watch DVDs, or even play video games. Television was being developed over 80 years, influencedinfluencingour life ever since.C(2015·甘肃兰州市高三实战考试)Recently a survey has been done find out the reading interests of senior middle school students. With this survey, two thousands senior middle school students from ten schools in Lanzhou were interviewed. Theywere asking which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles: news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.The survey show that more than a half of the students like to read news most. Twenty six percent of the students say that English stories are his favorite. Only seven percent of the students are mostly interested in reading articles about learning methods. However, the number of students who enjoy read popular science articles doubles that of those which prefer reading articles about learning methods.答案：Recently a survery has been done to ∧find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.With In this survey, two thousandsthousandsenior middle school students from ten schools in Lanzhou wereinterviewed. They were askingaskedwhich they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles: news, stories, popular science articles and articles about learning methods.The survey showshows that more than a half of the students like to readnews most. Twenty six percent of the students say that English stories are his their favorite.Only seven percent of the students are mostly mostinterested in reading articles about learning methods. However, thenumber of students who enjoy readreading popular science articles doublesthat of thosewhichwhoprefer reading articles about learning methods.。
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64．【解析】
考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意和句子结
构可知此处是一个定语从句，因为先行词是物，且引导词在 定语从句中作主语，所以用that或which引导从句。
65．【解析】 66．【解析】
考查名词的单复数。因为该词由so many修 考查介词。乘坐交通工具可用by表达，而且
饰，所以用复数形式。
名词原形前不用冠词。
(2015· 高考全国卷Ⅰ)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内
容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I __61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn’t care.A few hours __62__，I’d been
语动词还是非谓语动词；当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的
动词就应充当谓语动词。此时，一是根据主语与谓语动词的 关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是根据具体的语境 来判断用哪一种时态，进而确定所填动词的形式。通常考查 谓语时，我们都要考虑动词的时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓
一致这几个方面。
(2015· 高考全国卷Ⅱ) This cycle __48__ (go) day after
一、命题特征 设题以两种形式出现：一种是要求在空格中填入恰当的词 语，这种填空以虚词为主，实词为辅，一般设3—5个题；另 一种是使用括号中所给的词的正确形式填空，这种填空以填 实词为主(如名词、动词、形容词、副词等)，这类题一般有 5—7个。所选语言材料一般没有生僻词汇，句子结构也不会
很复杂。挖空一般比较均匀，所要填空的地方不会影响学生
考查非谓语动词 当括号中给出的是动词时，首先分析句子结构，若句子已有 谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，所给动词必定用作非谓语动 词；然后分析该非谓语动词在句中作什么句子成分，初定作 该成分的应是哪一种或几种非谓语动词形式；最后再根据非 谓语动词各自的特点和用法来确定该填哪种形式。
(2015· 高考全国卷Ⅱ) The adobe dwellings (土坯房) __41__ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American
从句式结构和语境两个方面分析设空处所在句子以及前后 文。 (1)句中若缺主语，一般填代词。 (2)名词前若没有限定词，很可能是填冠词或some，any， other，another等限定词。
(3)若句子不缺主语、宾语或表语，名词或代词前一般填介 词。 (4)若设空处前后的单词、短语或句子是并列关系，则填并列 连词。若两个句子之间没有连词连接，并且中间没有用分号 或句号，则句子为主从复合句，应填从句的关联词。 (5)若句子结构完整，设空后是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是 现在时态或主语不是复数时，则很可能填情态动词，或填表 示强调或倒装的助动词。 (6)若成分完整的句子中挖空，则可能填简单的或修饰句子的 副词，如thus，then，however，therefore，besides等。
Kong，says it __69__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
[尝试答题] arrived before/earlier 61．____________ 62.____________ its that/which 63．____________ 64.____________ paintings 66.____________ by 65．____________ is conducted 67．____________ 68.____________ regularly living 69．____________ 70.____________
2．用括号中所给的词填空。 通常考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副
词的比较等级、词类转换等。该形式的空格处需用括号中所
给的词的适当形式填空。 (1)当括号内提供的是动词时，要判断需要的是谓语还是非谓 语。当考查的是谓语时，首先要判断其时态和语态。如果考 查非谓语，要判断非谓语动词在句中的成分，根据不同的成 分使用适当的形式，其中使用ing 形式和ed 形式居多，有时 也考查to do，to be done，having done 等形式或动名词。
at home in Hong Kong，with __63__(it) choking smog.Here，
the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists
70．【解析】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格
处为非谓语动词，因为people与live之间为主动关系，所以用 现在分词形式，作后置定语，此处表示“经常为生活在上海
和香港的人安排快捷的短假”。
一、解题策略
1．纯空格题。 纯空格题一般考查助动词、情态动词、冠词、介词、副词、
代词、连词或从句的关联词等。在没有提示词的情况下，要
【解题导语】
本文是一篇游记，记述了作者游览阳朔的所
见、所闻、所感。
61．【解析】 62．【解析】
考查时态。由主句中的was和后一句中的 考查副词。根据句意和I’d been at home的时
didn’t可知，这里使用一般过去时态。 态可知此处表示“几个小时前，我待在香港的家里”，“待 在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived之前，故此处填 before或earlier均可。 63．【解析】 考查代词。因为smog是名词，所以需要用it 的形容词性物主代词形式。
(2014· 高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused __46__(stop) until we reached the next stop.Still，the boy kept __47__(ride)． 【解析】 做某事”。 47．考查非谓语动词之动名词。根据空格前面的kept可知， 此处是keep doing sth.结构，意为“继续做某事”。故后面应 46.考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。refuse后接动 词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，即refuse to do sth.“拒绝
二、解题步骤 1．通读全文、理解大意、弄清文章结构。
通读全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语
意”上的准备。篇章层面的理解主要包括文章主旨要义的理 解，作者观点、意图、立场，句与句之间的关系以及时态变
换四个方面。了解全文大意，弄清全文脉络，弄清空格的句
意。同时要特别注意整篇文章的时态转换，并把表示时空顺 序的标志词及时间状语画出来。
Southwest are admired by even __42(the)__ most modern of
architects and engineers. 【解析】 考查过去分词用法。由谓语动词are admired可知 此处填非谓语动词， adobe dwellings与build是被动关系，故 用过去分词短语作后置定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动 作。 【答案】 built
(2)如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般判断为考查副词，即要
变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副词，一般判断为考查 形容词，即要变成形容词形式。有时考查形容词和副词的比
较级、最高级，这些变化通过语境和句式结构可以看出，但
有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定形式。 (3)当括号内提供的是名词时，一般判断为考查名词的复数或 考查同一词根的形容词，但有时也可能考查同一词根的副 词、动词等的词类转换。
专题四
语法填空和短文改错
第一讲
语法填空题型分析
语法填空题是2014年课标全国卷新增加的题型，该题型旨在
考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况，着重
考查考生的综合语言运用能力。语法填空题是在一篇200词
左右的语言材料(短文或对话)中留出10处空白，部分空白的
后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处 所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式。
2．理解句意、分析结构、找出成分、注意联系。 分析句子结构是答题过程中非常关键的一步。做题时，首先 确定句子的各个成分，还要注意各成分之间的联系。此时， 要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形 式和功能。 3．充分利用提示。
有括号提示的空格可视作已知条件，要充分利用。先着手填
入有括号的词语，注意时态、语态和名词的单复数。所剩的 空格越少，文章的大意越清晰，语法填空的难度也就相对降
67．【解析】
考查主谓一致和时态。根据后文的时态可知
这里使用一般现在时，介绍客观情况，又因为Yangshuo是第 三人称单数，所以这里使用is。
68．【解析】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此句
的主干为A study of travelers names Yangshuo as one of the top...。study和conduct之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词 作定语。 69．【解析】 考查形容词变副词。此处需要一个副词修饰 动词arrange，表示“经常安排快捷的短假”。
低。
4．注意短语和句型。
对于一些固定短语和句型一定要熟记，这对于正确解题帮助 很大。
5．勿忘复核检查。
填空完成后要重读全篇，仔细核查全文语法是否正确，语意 是否通顺，是否符合逻辑等。同时要注意检查单词拼写是否
正确，书写是否规范，大小写有无疏漏等细节。
考查谓语动词 在语法填空中，一般有一空是考查谓语动词，同时有另一空 是考查非谓语动词，因此，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓