管理学原理-答案汇编

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CHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（1）

TRUE/FALSE

1．Management is often considered universal（通用的）because it uses organizational resources to accomplish goals and attain（达到）high performance in all types of profit and not-for-profit organizations. T

2．Leadership involves the use of influence to motivate（刺激）employees to achieve the organisation’s goals. T

3．Organising means defining（明确）goals for future organisational performance and deciding on the tasks and resources needed to attain them. F

4. Efficiency refers to the degree to which the organisation achieves a stated（规定的）objective（目标）. F

5. The manager’s ability to ‘think strategically（战略性的）’ requires high technical skills and a proficiency（精通）in specific tasks within an organisation. F

6. First-line managers are the managers who have the responsibility for making the significant（重大的）strategic（战略上的）policy decisions, often with staff managers assisting（帮助）them in these decisions. F

Multiple Choice

1. The figurehead role involves:

A. motivating and communicating with staff

B. initiating（发起）change

C. handling ceremonial（正式的）and symbolic activities

D. developing information sources within the organisation

E. staying well informed about current affairs C

2. How an organisation goes about accomplishing a plan is a key part of the management function of:

A. planning

B. organising

C. leading

D. controlling

E. motivating B

3. Which of the following is not a function of management?

A. control

B. plan

C. organise

D. lead

E. performance E

4. A social entity（本质）that is goal directed and deliberately（慎重地）structured is referred to as:

A. an organisation

B. management

C. employees

D. students

E. tasks A

5. Which of the following types of skills is the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks?

A. human skill

B. leadership skill

C. technical skill

D. conceptual（概念上的）skill

E. social skill C

6. The informational role, according to Mintzberg, is a(n) ____________ role?

A. entrepreneur（企业家）

B. leader

C. figurehead（有名无实的领袖）

D.celebratory

E. monitor E

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Social forces are the aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.

2. Economic forces pertain（属于）to the availability, production, and distribution（分配）of resources in a society.

3. The learning organization can be defined as one in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems, enabling the organisation to continuously experiment, change, and improve, thus increasing its capacity to grow, learn and achieve its purpose.

4. Empowerment（授权）means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge and skills to make decisions and perform effectively.

5. List three of the basic ideas of scientific man会议员agement.

Trained workers in standard（标准的）method

Developed standard method for performing each job

Selected workers with appropriate abilities for each job

6. Weber’s vision of orga nisations that would be managed on an impersonal, rational（合理的）basis is called a(n) bureaucratic（官僚的）

7. List the three assumptions（设想）associated with McGregor’s Theory X.

People are lazy; People dislike responsibility; People lack ambition

CHAPTER 1 Innovation for turbulent time（2）

TRUE/FALSE

1. The learning organization is an attitude or philosophy（哲学）about what an organization can become. T

2. The essential idea in a learning organisation is efficiency. F

3. As a manager, Lou prefers to think i n terms of ‘control over’ rather than ‘control with’ others. This is in agreement with the idea of a learning organisation. F

4. Empowerment means giving employees the power, freedom, knowledge, and skills to make decisions and perform effectively. T

5. Theory X and Theory Y, proposed by Douglas McGregor, provide two opposing（相反的）views of workers: Theory X recognises that workers enjoy achievement and responsibility, while Theory Y recognises（承认）that workers will avoid work whenever possible. F

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. __________ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.

A. Legal

B. Economic

C. Political

D. Psychological

E. Social E

2. Variables（变量）such as interest rates, inflation（通货膨胀）and trade tariffs（关税）are all examples of _________ forces.

A. technological

B. political

C. social

D. socio-educational

E. none of the above E

3. Strategy has traditionally been the sole（唯一的）responsibility of:

A. middle management

B. project managers （项目经理）

C. company accountants

D. top managers D

4. During the early twentieth century, the prevailing（普通的）management perspective（观点）, which emphasised rationality（合理性）and a scientific approach, was the _________ perspective.

A. scientific

B. behavioural

C. classical

D. quantitative

E. Pareto C

5. The three subfields（子域）of the classical perspective include:

A. bureaucratic organisation, quantitative management, and the human relations movement

B. quantitative management, behavioural science, and administrative management

C. administrative management, bureaucratic organisation, and scientific management

D. scientific management, quantitative management, and administrative management

E. none of the above C

6. Bruce believes his employees are responsible and able to work without intense direction and supervision（管理）. He is a:

A. Theory X manager

B. Theory Y manager

C. Theory Z manager

D. contingency（偶然性）theory manager

E. classical manager B

SHORT ANSWER

1. Briefly discuss the relationship between management skills and management level.

1.management skills summarize in three categories:conceptual skills , human skills and technical skills.management level contains :top managers ,middle managers ,first-line managers and nonmanagers.top managers need conceptual skills,nonmanagers need technical skills,human skills is important to all management level

（管理技能有三种：概念技能、人际技能、技术技能。概念技能包括：高层管理者、中层管理者、一线管理者和非管理者。高层管理者需要概念技能。非管理者需要技术技能。人际技能对于管理水平来说很重要。）

2. What is the difference between efficiency and effectiveness? Which is more important for performance?

2.效率和效益向来都是企业追求的目标，二者既有联系又有区别。效益是指做正确的事情，效率则是做事情运用正确的方法。效益比效率更重要，因为无论效率再高，只要所做的事情不对，其结果就会是无益的劳动，而所付出的一切努力不过是一种浪费。追求效益必须考虑效率，考虑效益实现的速度问题。

CHAPTER 2 The environment and corporate culture

TRUE OR FALSE

1、The study of management traditionally has focused on factors external to the organisations. F

2、The general environment and the task environment are the two layers of an organisation’s external environment. T

3、Customers and competitors are two important sectors of the economic dimension（次元）of a firm’s general environment. F

4. Other organisations in the same industry or type of business that provide goods or services to the same set of customers are referred to as suppliers. F

5. The internal environment within which managers work includes corporate（公司的）culture, sociocultural aspects and customers. F CHOICE

1. Which of these is a part of an organisation’s internal environment?

A. its customers

B. its salespeople

C. its wage structure

D. its suppliers

E. its competitors B

2. The __________ environment represents（表现）the outer layer of the environment and affects organisations __________.

A. task; indirectly

B. general; directly

C. internal; directly

D. internal; indirectly （间接地）

E. general; indirectly E

3. Which of these is NOT a part of an organisation’s general environment?

A. technological

B. economic

C. competitors

D. legal-political

E. sociocultural C

4. An organisation’s task environment incl udes all of the following EXCEPT:

A. competitors

B. customers

C. labour markets

D. employers

E. suppliers D