young_goodman_brown_中文版
Young Goodman年轻的古德曼 中英对照
第一页1.YOUNG GOODMAN BROWN came forth at sunset, into the street of Salem village, but put his head back, after crossing the threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was aptly named, thrust her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap, while she called to Goodman Brown.日落时分，小伙子古德曼·布朗走出家门，来到萨勒姆村街道上，可跨出门槛又回头，与年轻的妻子吻别。
而妻子费丝--这名字对她恰如其分--把漂亮的脑袋伸出门外，任风儿拂弄她帽子上粉红的缎带，呼唤着古德曼·布朗。
2."Dearest heart," whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were close to his ear, "pr'y thee, put off your journey until sunrise, and sleep in your own bed to-night. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts, that she's afeard of herself, sometimes. Pray, tarry with me this night, dear husband, of all nights in the year!"“宝贝心肝，”她樱唇贴近他耳朵，伤心地娇声曼语，“求你明天日出再出门旅行，今晚就睡在自家床上嘛。
小伙子布朗 中文版
好小伙子布朗小伙子布朗住在塞勒姆镇，是一个清教徒，他不顾妻子费思的再三劝阻，离家到森林里去参加一个巫师的安息日，令他震惊的是，他到那里时发现镇上和教堂里许多有名望的人物都在场。
当正要向人群施坚信礼时，他发现妻子费思也在场，就站在自己身边，他突然大声喊叫：“仰望天空，抗拒坠落”。
最后却发现仅自己一个人在森林里。
他返回家里，从此一蹶不振，抑郁伤神。
因为他不再能够相信上帝或虔敬行为了。
《好小伙子布朗》讲述的是一位名为古德曼·布朗的年轻人，在黄昏时分作别新婚的妻子费丝，离开他的村庄。
沿途之上，他在一位神秘老人的引诱之下，步入了他本不该进入的象征着邪恶的森林。
在森林中，布朗撞见了恶魔聚集的阴暗聚会，参与者有平日德高望重受人尊崇的长者，亦有村庄里的平民百姓，甚至还有向来纯洁的妻子。
故事的结尾并未明确指明布朗所见一切是梦还是事实，但是他已是心灰意懒，对所有人包括妻子在内，都充满了怀疑的态度，认为每个人是罪恶的。
古德曼·布朗终生郁郁寡欢，对生活失去信心，失去信仰，直到死去。
作品中，布朗进入森林的历程也是其自身对人性真实面探索的精神历程，作者霍桑善于运用象征主义手法写作。
在这部作品也不例外。
小说开篇既有出现对古德曼·布朗妻子费丝的“粉红色的缎带”加以特写描述，在随后的篇章中又有几次提及。
粉红色缎带串联起布朗信念的变化。
粉红色是一种介于红与白之间的颜色。
在西方文化中，白色往往会使人联想到天使以及纯洁，而红色则象征着鲜血和罪恶。
故事中，费丝的粉红色缎带共出现过三次。
在布朗离开村庄向费丝作别之时，他认为系这粉红缎带的费丝“真是个有福的人间天使”，内心充满了对上帝以及人类的信任。
随后布朗深入森林，发现了他平日所熟悉崇拜的人们的邪恶聚会，正在痛苦绝望之时，他可看到了那根粉红色的缎带，布朗不禁叫道：“俺的费丝也走了！人世还有什么善！罪孽不过空名罢了。
来吧，魔鬼，这世界全是你的啦。
” 粉红色缎带从空中飘落下来，象征着布朗对上帝以及对人性善良的纯净信念开始变得模糊脆弱。
好小伙布朗
Symbolic Meanings
• Young GoБайду номын сангаасdman Brown 1. Young young, pure and simple Brown 2.Brown gloomy and dark forest which is outside the village.
Faith
• Faith is Brown`s wife, and the word “faith” in English means something people stick to for all. Brown also stick to his faith firmly. In this novel, no matter in the dream or in reality, the presence of Faith is a great shock of Brown because he always believes that the God is up above, faith is down below, and he is sure to resist evil. He hovers in the forest and wants to go back to Faith because he loves his wife and he also wants to find his faith to others and God again. And when he finds that his wife is also in the forest, he thinks his faith has gone. This “faith” can be his wife as well as his faith towards others and God.
Young Goodman Brown
of life, which is complicated beyond human's imagination, Brown is unmature, so he is doomed from start.
While in the journey, Brown tried many times to repent and go back
When the journey was over, Brown's character was filtered and entirely changed. He could not tell any difference between good and evil.
will disappear by itself. The worst strategy of life is
escape from reality, overcoming that, life is
optimistic.
only by this, human can become mature and life is
positive, avoiding to drag through one's long life
without aim. Once one's heart is purified, the evil
experience
③choices
Human's evil
Hawthorne uses the forest as a symbol of the
dark side of humanity. At the same time, Hawthorne makes it clear that the nature of the forest, or the dark side of humanity, is greatly affected by one's perception of outer world and the attitude towards evil.
(完整版)Young_Goodman_Brown
LITERARY STYLE
• New England • Moral Allegories with a Puritan inspiration • Fictional Works are considered part of the
Romantic Movements, or more specifically, Dark Romanticism. • Inherent Evil and Sin of humanity. • Believe in Determinism, a theory of Predestination.
Conflict 2 The inner conflict of Young Goodman Brown
Conflict 3 Good and evil in the world and the meaning of the story for Puritanism
Symbols
Sunset Pink ribbons Forest Faith Goodman Brown & The second
In the forest he meets a man, dressed in a similar manner to himself and bearing a resemblance to himself. The man carries a black serpent-shaped staff. The two encounter Mistress Cloyse in the woods who complains about the need to walk and, evidently friendly with the stranger, accepts his snake staff and flies away to her destination.
YOUNG_GOODMAN_BROWN
YOUNG GOODMAN BROWNNathaniel HawthorneYOUNG GOODMAN BROWN came forth at sunset, into the street of Salem village, but put his head back, after crossing the threshold, to exchange a parting kiss with his young wife. And Faith, as the wife was aptly named, thrust推her own pretty head into the street, letting the wind play with the pink ribbons of her cap, while she called to Goodman Brown."Dearest heart," whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were close to his ear, "pr'ythee, put off your journey until sunrise, and sleep in your own bed tonight. A lone单身的woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts, that she's afeard恐惧of herself, sometimes. Pray, tarry等待逗留with me this night, dear husband, of all nights in the year!""My love and my Faith," replied young Goodman Brown, "of all nights in the year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth and back again, must needs be done 'twixt now and sunrise. What, my sweet, pretty wife, dost thou doubt me already, and we but three months married!""Then God bless you!" said Faith, with the pink ribbons, "and may you find all well, when you come back.""Amen!" cried Goodman Brown. "Say thy prayers, dear Faith, and go to bed at dusk, and no harm will come to thee."So they parted; and the young man pursued his way, until, being about to turn the corner by the meeting-house, he looked back and saw the head of Faith still peeping after him, with a melancholy air, in spite of her pink ribbons."Poor little Faith!" thought he, for his heart smote重击him. "What a wretch可怜的人am I, to leave her on such an errand差事! She talks of dreams, too. Methought, as she spoke, there was trouble in her face, as if a dream had warned her what work is to be done tonight. But, no, no! 'twould kill her to think it. Well; she's a blessed angel on earth; and after this one night, I'll cling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven."With this excellent resolve坚决for the future, Goodman Brown felt himself justified in making more haste on his present evil purpose. He had taken a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was all as lonely as could be; and there is this peculiarity特性in such a solitude孤独, that the travellerknows not who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs大树枝overhead; so that, with lonely footsteps, he may yet be passing through an unseen multitude."There may be a devilish邪恶的Indian behind every tree," said Goodman Brown to himself; and he glanced fearfully behind him, as he added, "What if the devil himself should be at my very elbow!"His head being turned back, he passed a crook弯曲部分of the road, and looking forward again, beheld the figure of a man, in grave and decent attire打扮, seated at the foot of an old tree. He arose, at Goodman Brown's approach, and walked onward, side by side with him."You are late, Goodman Brown," said he. "The clock of the Old South was striking, as I came through Boston; and that is full fifteen minutes ago.""Faith kept me back awhile," replied the young man, with a tremor颤动in his voice, caused by the sudden appearance of his companion, though not wholly unexpected.It was now deep dusk in the forest, and deepest in that part of it where these two were journeying. As nearly as could be discerned辨别, the second traveller was about fifty years old, apparently in the same rank of life as Goodman Brown, and bearing a considerable resemblance相似之处to him, though perhaps more in expression than features.Still, they might have been taken for father and son. And yet, though the elder person was as simply clad穿衣as the younger, and as simple in manner too, he had an indescribable air of one who knew the world, and would not have felt abashed不安的at the governor's dinner-table, or in King William's court, were it possible that his affairs should call him thither. But the only thing about him, that could be fixed upon as remarkable, was his staff, which bore the likeness of a great black snake, so curiously wrought, that it might almost be seen to twist and wriggle itself like a living serpent.This, of course, must have been an ocular视觉的deception欺骗, assisted by the uncertain light."Come, Goodman Brown!" cried his fellow-traveller, "this is a dull pace for the beginning of a journey. Take my staff, if you are so soon weary."Friend," said the other, exchanging his slow pace for a full stop, "having kept covenant契约by meeting thee here, it is my purpose now to return whence由此I came. I have scruples顾虑, touching the matter thou wot'st of.""Sayest thou so?" replied he of the serpent, smiling apart. "Let us walk on, nevertheless, reasoning as we go, and if I convince thee not, thou shalt turn back. We are but a little way in the forest, yet.""Too far, too far!" exclaimed the goodman, unconsciously resuming his walk. "My father never went into the woods on such an errand, nor his father before him. We have been a race of honest men and good Christians, since the days of the martyrs 烈士. And shall I be the first of the name of Brown, that ever took this path and kept"-"Such company, thou wouldst say," observed the elder person, interrupting his pause. "Well said, Goodman Brown! I have been as well acquainted with your family as with ever a one among the Puritans; and that's no trifle玩笑to say. I helped your grandfather, the constable巡警, when he lashed the Quaker woman so smartly through the streets of Salem. And it was I that brought your father a pitch-pine knot, kindled at my own hearth灶台, to set fire to an Indian village, in King Philip's War. They were my good friends, both; and many a pleasant walk have we had along this path, and returned merrily after midnight. I would fain be friends with you, for their sake.""If it be as thou sayest," replied Goodman Brown, "I marvel they never spoke of these matters. Or, verily, I marvel not, seeing that the least rumor of the sort would have driven them from New England. We are a people of prayer, and good works to boot, and abide no such wickedness.""Wickedness or not," said the traveller with the twisted staff, have a very general acquaintance here in New England. The deacons of many a church have drunk the communion wine with me; the selectmen, of divers towns, make me their chairman; and a majority of the Great and General Court are firm supporters of my interest. The governor and I, too- but these are state-secrets.""Can this be so!" cried Goodman Brown, with a stare of amazement at his undisturbed companion. "Howbeit, I have nothing to do with the governor and council; they have their own ways, and are no rule for a simple husbandman like me. But, were I to go on with thee, how should I meet the eye of that good old man, our minister, at Salem village? Oh, his voice would make me tremble, both Sabbath-day and lecture-day!"Thus far, the elder traveller had listened with due gravity, but now burst into a fit of irrepressible mirth, shaking himself so violently that his snake-like staff actually seemed to wriggle in sympathy."Ha! ha! ha!" shouted he, again and again; then composing himself, "Well, go on, Goodman Brown, go on; but, prithee, don't kill me with laughing!""Well, then, to end the matter at once," said Goodman Brown, considerably nettled, "there is my wife, Faith. It would break her dear little heart; and I'd rather break my own!""Nay, if that be the case," answered the other, "e'en go thy ways, Goodman Brown.I would not, for twenty old women like the one hobbling before us, that Faith should come to any harm."As he spoke, he pointed his staff at a female figure on the path, in whom Goodman Brown recognized a very pious and exemplary dame, who had taught him his catechism in youth, and was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly with the minister and Deacon Gookin."A marvel, truly, that Goody Cloyse should be so far in the wilderness, at night-fall!" said he. "But, with your leave, friend, I shall take a cut through the woods, until we have left this Christian woman behind. Being a stranger to you, she might ask whom I was consorting结交with, and whither I was going.""Be it so," said his fellow-traveller. "Betake you to the woods, and let me keep the path."Accordingly, the young man turned aside, but took care to watch his companion, who advanced softly along the road, until he had come within a staff's length of the old dame. She, meanwhile, was making the best of her way, with singular speed for so aged a woman, and mumbling some indistinct words, a prayer, doubtless, as she went. The traveller put forth his staff, and touched her withered neck with what seemed the serpent's tail."The devil!" screamed the pious old lady."Then Goody Cloyse knows her old friend?" observed the traveller, confronting her, and leaning on his writhing stick."Ah, forsooth, and is it your worship, indeed?" cried the good dame. "Yea, truly is it, and in the very image of my old gossip, Goodman Brown, the grandfather of the silly fellow that now is. But, would your worship believe it? my broomstick hath strangely disappeared, stolen, as I suspect, by that unhanged witch, Goody Cory, and that, too, when I was all anointed with the juice of smallage and cinque-foil and wolf's-bane"-"Mingled with fine wheat and the fat of a new-born babe," said the shape of old Goodman Brown."Ah, your worship knows the recipe," cried the old lady, cackling aloud. "So, as I was saying, being all ready for the meeting, and no horse to ride on, I made up my mind to foot it; for they tell me, there is a nice young man to be taken into communion tonight. But now your good worship will lend me your arm, and we shall be there in a twinkling.""That can hardly be," answered her friend. "I may not spare you my arm, Goody Cloyse, but here is my staff, if you will."So saying, he threw it down at her feet, where, perhaps, it assumed life, being one of the rods which its owner had formerly lent to Egyptian Magi. Of this fact, however, Goodman Brown could not take cognizance. He had cast up his eyes in astonishment, and looking down again, beheld neither Goody Cloyse nor the serpentine staff, but his fellow-traveller alone, who waited for him as calmly as if nothing had happened."That old woman taught me my catechism!" said the young man; and there was a world of meaning in this simple comment.They continued to walk onward, while the elder traveller exhorted his companion to make good speed and persevere in the path, discoursing so aptly, that his arguments seemed rather to spring up in the bosom of his auditor, than to be suggested by himself. As they went, he plucked摘a branch of maple, to serve for a walking-stick, and began to strip it of the twigs and little boughs, which were wet with evening dew 露水. The moment his fingers touched them, they became strangely withered and dried up, as with a week's sunshine. Thus the pair proceeded, at a good free pace, until suddenly, in a gloomy hollow of the road, Goodman Brown sat himself down on the stump of a tree, and refused to go any farther."Friend," said he, stubbornly, "my mind is made up. Not another step will I budge on this errand. What if a wretched old woman do choose to go to the devil, when I thought she was going to Heaven! Is that any reason why I should quit my dear Faith, and go after her?""You will think better of this by-and-by," said his acquaintance, composedly. "Sit here and rest yourself awhile; and when you feel like moving again, there is my staff to help you along."Without more words, he threw his companion the maple stick, and was as speedily out of sight as if he had vanished into the deepening gloom. The young man sat a few moments by the road-side, applauding himself greatly, and thinking with how clear a conscience he should meet the minister, in his morning-walk, nor shrink from the eye of good old Deacon Gookin. And what calm sleep would be his, that very night, which was to have been spent so wickedly, but purely and sweetly now, in the arms of Faith! Amidst these pleasant and praiseworthy meditations, Goodman Brown heardthe tramp踩of horses along the road, and deemed it advisable to conceal himself within the verge of the forest, conscious of the guilty purpose that had brought him thither, though now so happily turned from it.On came the hoof-tramps and the voices of the riders, two grave old voices, conversing soberly as they drew near. These mingled sounds appeared to pass along the road, within a few yards of the young man's hiding-place; but owing, doubtless, to the depth of the gloom, at that particular spot, neither the travellers nor their steeds马were visible. Though their figures brushed the small boughs by the way-side, it could not be seen that they intercepted拦截, even for a moment, the faint gleam from the strip of bright sky, athwart which they must have passed. Goodman Brown alternately crouched and stood on tip-toe, pulling aside the branches, and thrusting forth his head as far as he durst, without discerning so much as a shadow. It vexed him the more, because he could have sworn, were such a thing possible, that he recognized the voices of the minister and Deacon Gookin, jogging along quietly, as they were wont to do, when bound to some ordination or ecclesiastical council. While yet within hearing, one of the riders stopped to pluck a switch."Of the two, reverend Sir," said the voice like the deacon's, I had rather miss an ordination-dinner than tonight's meeting. They tell me that some of our community are to be here from Falmouth and beyond, and others from Connecticut and Rhode Island; besides several of the Indian powows, who, after their fashion, know almost as much deviltry as the best of us. Moreover, there is a goodly young woman to be taken into communion.""Mighty well, Deacon Gookin!" replied the solemn old tones of the minister. "Spur up, or we shall be late. Nothing can be done, you know, until I get on the ground."The hoofs clattered again, and the voices, talking so strangely in the empty air, passed on through the forest, where no church had ever been gathered, nor solitary孤独地Christian prayed. Whither, then, could these holy men be journeying, so deep into the heathen wilderness? Young Goodman Brown caught hold of a tree, for support, being ready to sink down on the ground, faint and overburthened with the heavy sickness of his heart. He looked up to the sky, doubting whether there really was a Heaven above him. Yet, there was the blue arch, and the stars brightening in it."With Heaven above, and Faith below, I will yet stand firm against the devil!" cried Goodman Brown.While he still gazed upward, into the deep arch of the firmament天空, and had lifted his hands to pray, a cloud, though no wind was stirring, hurried across the zenith 顶点, and hid the brightening stars. The blue sky was still visible, except directly overhead, where this black mass of cloud was sweeping swiftly northward. Aloft inthe air, as if from the depths of the cloud, came a confused and doubtful sound of voices. Once, the listener fancied that he could distinguish the accent of townspeople of his own, men and women, both pious虔诚的and ungodly, many of whom he had met at the communion-table, and had seen others rioting at the tavern酒馆. The next moment, so indistinct were the sounds, he doubted whether he had heard aught but the murmur of the old forest, whispering without a wind. Then came a stronger swell of those familiar tones, heard daily in the sunshine, at Salem village, but never, until now, from a cloud of night. There was one voice, of a young woman, uttering lamentations, yet with an uncertain sorrow, and entreating for some favor, which, perhaps, it would grieve her to obtain. And all the unseen multitude, both saints and sinners, seemed to encourage her onward."Faith!" shouted Goodman Brown, in a voice of agony and desperation; and the echoes of the forest mocked him, crying- "Faith! Faith!" as if bewildered wretches were seeking her, all through the wilderness.The cry of grief, rage, and terror, was yet piercing the night, when the unhappy husband held his breath for a response. There was a scream, drowned immediately in a louder murmur of voices, fading into far-off laughter, as the dark cloud swept away, leaving the clear and silent sky above Goodman Brown. But something fluttered lightly down through the air, and caught on the branch of a tree. The young man seized it, and beheld a pink ribbon."My Faith is gone!" cried he, after one stupefied moment. "There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! for to thee is this world given."And maddened with despair, so that he laughed loud and long, did Goodman Brown grasp his staff and set forth again, at such a rate, that he seemed to fly along the forest-path, rather than to walk or run. The road grew wilder and drearier, and more faintly traced, and vanished at length, leaving him in the heart of the dark wilderness, still rushing onward, with the instinct that guides mortal man to evil. The whole forest was peopled with frightful sounds; the creaking of the trees, the howling of wild beasts, and the yell of Indians; while, sometimes the wind tolled like a distant church-bell, and sometimes gave a broad roar around the traveller, as if all Nature were laughing him to scorn. But he was himself the chief horror of the scene, and shrank not from its other horrors."Ha! ha! ha!" roared Goodman Brown, when the wind laughed at him."Let us hear which will laugh loudest! Think not to frighten me with your deviltry! Come witch, come wizard, come Indian powow, come devil himself! and here comes Goodman Brown. You may as well fear him as he fear you!"In truth, all through the haunted forest, there could be nothing more frightful than the figure of Goodman Brown. On he flew, among the black pines, brandishing hisstaff with frenzied gestures, now giving vent发泄to an inspiration of horrid blasphemy亵渎神明, and now shouting forth such laughter, as set all the echoes of the forest laughing like demons恶魔around him. The fiend恶魔in his own shape is less hideous可怕的, than when he rages in the breast of man. Thus sped the demoniac on his course, until, quivering among the trees, he saw a red light before him, as when the felled trunks and branches of a clearing have been set on fire, and throw up their lurid可怕的blaze against the sky, at the hour of midnight. He paused, in a lull of the tempest暴风雨that had driven him onward, and heard the swell of what seemed a hymn圣歌, rolling solemnly from a distance, with the weight of many voices. He knew the tune; it was a familiar one in the choir of the village meetinghouse. The verse died heavily away, and was lengthened by a chorus合唱, not of human voices, but of all the sounds of the benighted wilderness, pealing in awful harmony together. Goodman Brown cried out; and his cry was lost to his own ear, by its unison with the cry of the desert.In the interval间距of silence, he stole forward, until the light glared full upon his eyes. At one extremity绝境of an open space, hemmed in by the dark wall of the forest, arose a rock, bearing some rude, natural resemblance相似之处either to an altar or a pulpit讲道坛, and surrounded by four blazing pines, their tops aflame燃烧的, their stems untouched, like candles at an evening meeting. The mass of foliage植物, that had overgrown the summit of the rock, was all on fire, blazing high into the night, and fitfully illuminating the whole field. Each pendant垂饰twig and leafy festoon was in a blaze. As the red light arose and fell, a numerous congregation alternately shone forth, then disappeared in shadow, and again grew, as it were, out of the darkness, peopling the heart of the solitary woods at once."A grave and dark-clad company!" quoth Goodman Brown.In truth, they were such. Among them, quivering to and fro, between gloom and splendor, appeared faces that would be seen, next day, at the council-board of the province, and others which, Sabbath after Sabbath, looked devoutly heavenward, and benignantly over the crowded pews, from the holiest pulpits in the land. Some affirm, that the lady of the governor was there. At least, there were high dames well known to her, and wives of honored husbands, and widows, a great multitude, and ancient maidens, all of excellent repute, and fair young girls, who trembled lest their mothers should espy them. Either the sudden gleams of light, flashing over the obscure field, bedazzled Goodman Brown, or he recognized a score of the church-members of Salem village, famous for their especial sanctity. Good old Deacon Gookin had arrived, and waited at the skirts of that venerable庄严的saint, his reverend pastor. But, irreverently consorting with these grave, reputable, and pious people, these elders of the church, these chaste dames and dewy virgins, there were men of dissolute lives and women of spotted fame, wretches given over to all mean and filthy vice, and suspected even of horrid crimes. It was strange to see, that the good shrank not from the wicked, nor were the sinners abashed使窘迫by the saints. Scattered, also, amongtheir palefaced enemies, were the Indian priests, or powows, who had often scared their native forest with more hideous incantations than any known to English witchcraft巫术."But, where is Faith?" thought Goodman Brown; and, as hope came into his heart, he trembled.Another verse of the hymn arose, a slow and mournful strain, such as the pious love, but joined to words which expressed all that our nature can conceive of sin, and darkly hinted at far more.Unfathomable to mere mortals is the lore of fiends. Verse after verse was sung, and still the chorus of the desert swelled between, like the deepest tone of a mighty organ. And, with the final peal of that dreadful anthem, there came a sound, as if the roaring wind, the rushing streams, the howling beasts, and every other voice of the unconverted wilderness, were mingling and according with the voice of guilty man, in homage敬意to the prince of all. The four blazing pines threw up a loftier flame, and obscurely discovered shapes and visages of horror on the smoke-wreaths, above the impious不敬的assembly. At the same moment, the fire on the rock shot redly forth, and formed a glowing arch弓形above its base, where now appeared a figure. With reverence崇敬be it spoken, the apparition幽灵bore no slight similitude相似, both in garb装束and manner, to some grave divine of the New England churches."Bring forth the converts!" cried a voice, that echoed through the field and rolled into the forest.At the word, Goodman Brown stepped forth from the shadow of the trees, and approached the congregation集会, with whom he felt a loathful brotherhood, by the sympathy of all that was wicked邪恶的in his heart. He could have well nigh sworn, that the shape of his own dead father beckoned召唤him to advance, looking downward from a smoke-wreath, while a woman, with dim features of despair, threw out her hand to warn him back. Was it his mother? But he had no power to retreat one step, nor to resist, even in thought, when the minister and good old Deacon Gookin seized his arms, and led him to the blazing rock. Thither came also the slender form of a veiled female, led between Goody Cloyse, that pious teacher of the catechism, and Martha Carrier, who had received the devil's promise to be queen of hell. A rampant hag女巫was she! And there stood the proselytes, beneath the canopy of fire."Welcome, my children," said the dark figure, "to the communion of your race! Ye have found, thus young, your nature and your destiny. My children, look behind you!"They turned; and flashing forth, as it were, in a sheet of flame, the fiend-worshippers were seen; the smile of welcome gleamed darkly on every visage 面貌."There," resumed the sable form, "are all whom ye have reverenced from youth. Ye deemed them holier than yourselves, and shrank from your own sin, contrasting it with their lives of righteousness, and prayerful aspirations heavenward. Yet, here are they all, in my worshipping assembly! This night it shall be granted you to know their secret deeds; how hoary-bearded elders of the church have whispered wanton words to the young maids of their households; how many a woman, eager for widow's weeds, has given her husband a drink at bed-time, and let him sleep his last sleep in her bosom; how beardless youth have made haste to inherit their father's wealth; and how fair damsels- blush not, sweet ones- have dug little graves in the garden, and bidden me, the sole guest, to an infant's funeral. By the sympathy of your human hearts for sin, ye shall scent out all the places-whether in church, bed-chamber, street, field, or forest-where crime has been committed, and shall exult to behold the whole earth one stain污点of guilt, one mighty blood-spot. Far more than this! It shall be yours to penetrate, in every bosom, the deep mystery of sin, the fountain of all wicked arts, and which inexhaustibly supplies more evil impulses than human power- than my power at its utmost- can make manifest in deeds. And now, my children, look upon each other."They did so; and, by the blaze of the hell-kindled torches, the wretched man beheld his Faith, and the wife her husband, trembling before that unhallowed altar."Lo! there ye stand, my children," said the figure, in a deep and solemn tone, almost sad, with its despairing awfulness, as if his once angelic nature could yet mourn for our miserable race. "Depending upon one another's hearts, ye had still hoped that virtue were not all a dream! Now are ye undeceived! Evil is the nature of mankind. Evil must be your only happiness. Welcome, again, my children, to the communion of your race!""Welcome!" repeated the fiend-worshippers, in one cry of despair and triumph.And there they stood, the only pair, as it seemed, who were yet hesitating on the verge of wickedness, in this dark world. A basin was hollowed, naturally, in the rock. Did it contain water, reddened by the lurid light? or was it blood? or, perchance, a liquid flame? Herein did the Shape of Evil dip his hand, and prepare to lay the mark of baptism洗礼upon their foreheads, that they might be partakers参与者of the mystery of sin, more conscious of the secret guilt of others, both in deed and thought, than they could now be of their own. The husband cast one look at his pale wife, and Faith at him. What polluted wretches would the next glance show them to each other, shuddering alike at what they disclosed and what they saw!"Faith! Faith!" cried the husband. "Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One!"Whether Faith obeyed, he knew not. Hardly had he spoken, when he found himself amid calm night and solitude, listening to a roar of the wind, which died heavily away through the forest. He staggered against the rock, and felt it chill and damp, while a hanging twig, that had been all on fire, besprinkled his cheek with the coldest dew.The next morning, young Goodman Brown came slowly into the street of Salem village, staring around him like a bewildered man. The good old minister was taking a walk along the graveyard, to get an appetite for breakfast and meditate his sermon, and bestowed a blessing, as he passed, on Goodman Brown. He shrank from the venerable saint, as if to avoid an anathema. Old Deacon Gookin was at domestic worship, and the holy words of his prayer were heard through the open window. "What God doth the wizard pray to?" quoth Goodman Brown. Goody Cloyse, that excellent old Christian, stood in the early sunshine, at her own lattice, catechising a little girl, who had brought her a pint of morning's milk. Goodman Brown snatched away the child, as from the grasp of the fiend himself. Turning the corner by the meeting-house, he spied the head of Faith, with the pink ribbons, gazing anxiously forth, and bursting into such joy at sight of him, that she skipt along the street, and almost kissed her husband before the whole village. But Goodman Brown looked sternly and sadly into her face, and passed on without a greeting.Had Goodman Brown fallen asleep in the forest, and only dreamed a wild dream of a witch-meeting?Be it so, if you will. But, alas! it was a dream of evil omen for young Goodman Brown. A stern, a sad, a darkly meditative, a distrustful, if not a desperate man, did he become, from the night of that fearful dream. On the Sabbath-day, when the congregation were singing a holy psalm, he could not listen, because an anthem of sin rushed loudly upon his ear, and drowned all the blessed strain. When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and with his hand on the open Bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers. Often, awaking suddenly at midnight, he shrank from the bosom of Faith, and at morning or eventide, when the family knelt down at prayer, he scowled, and muttered to himself, and gazed sternly at his wife, and turned away. And when he had lived long, and was borne to his grave, a hoary corpse, followed by Faith, an aged woman, and children and grandchildren, a goodly procession, besides neighbors, not a few, they carved no hopeful verse upon his tombstone; for his dying hour was gloom.11。
(完整版)YoungGoodmanBrown
Setting: the late 17th century Salem, Massachusettes. Sunset, dark forest. Atmasphere: mysterious and dread, Gothic novel.
Plot
One evening near sunset Goodman Brown, a young man who has married for three monthes, prepares to leave his home in Salem, Massachusetts, and his pretty young wife, Faith,to go into the forest and spend the night on some mission that he will not disclose other than to say that it must be performed between sunset and sunrise. Although Faith has strong forebodings about his journey and pleads with him to postpone it, Brown is adamant and sets off.
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"年轻的古德曼布朗" 是美国作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的一部经典短篇小说，被誉为美国文学的佳作之一。
作品以17世纪普利茅斯镇为背景，描绘了主人公古德曼·布朗在一夜之间所经历的超自然恐怖事件。
小说以其深刻的哲理内涵和精湛的叙事技巧著称，是霍桑成就最高的代表作之一。
本文将从以下几个方面对《年轻的古德曼布朗》进行分析和解读：1. 小说的主题和意义小说通过描写古德曼·布朗在森林中邂逅魔鬼，以及他对人性和信仰的挑战，探讨了人性的扭曲和信仰的动摇。
作品深刻探讨了善恶、信仰、诱惑等永恒主题，揭示了人性的复杂和社会现实的残酷。
通过古德曼·布朗的陷入和觉醒，展现了个体和社会之间的紧张关系和人性的复杂性，引发人们对道德和信仰的思考。
2. 小说的叙事结构和意象小说采用了第三人称的叙述方式，通过对古德曼·布朗在森林中所经历的一系列事件的描写，逐步展现了古德曼·布朗内心的挣扎和痛苦。
作品通过丰富的象征和隐喻，塑造了一个充满神秘和恐怖氛围的故事场景，增强了作品的压抑感和深刻感。
3. 小说的文学价值《年轻的古德曼布朗》以其独特的叙事手法和丰富的象征意义，成为了霍桑创作的典范之一。
作品深刻地反映了人性的复杂和社会的黑暗面，呈现了对人性和信仰的深刻探讨，具有深远的文学价值和启示意义。
通过作品的情节和人物塑造，霍桑展现了对人性的敏锐洞察和对社会现实的深刻思考，为美国文学作出了重要贡献。
4. 小说的影响和意义《年轻的古德曼布朗》作为霍桑的代表作之一，在世界文学史上占有重要地位。
作品通过对人性和信仰的探讨，成为探讨道德、信仰、社会现实等永恒主题的经典之作。
作品在文学史和文化传统上具有深远的影响，成为后世作家的重要创作源泉和文学借鉴。
瑞士作家卡夫卡曾评论过《年轻的古德曼布朗》是霍桑的“代表性短篇小说”，他认为这部小说是自由主义思潮的写照，揭示了人类自身潜在的恶。
“年轻的古德曼布朗”以其深刻的主题、精湛的叙事手法和卓越的文学艺术成就，成为了世界文学史上的经典之作，将继续激发人们的思考和探讨。
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小伙子古德曼①·布朗日落时分，小伙子古德曼·布朗走出家门，来到萨勒姆村街道上，可跨出门槛又回头，与年轻的妻子吻别。
而妻子费丝——这名字对她恰如其分②——把漂亮的脑袋伸出门外，任风儿拂弄她帽子上粉红的缎带，呼唤着古德曼·布朗。
①古德曼（Goodman）在英文中含“好人”之意。
本故事发生的历史背景是马萨诸塞州萨勒姆一带巫术流行时期。
故事中，小伙子布朗及其妻所皈依的便是巫术。
此地后来发生了“萨勒姆事件”，大规模围剿迷信巫术的老百姓。
请参看本书“爱丽丝·多恩的恳求”及其注释。
②费丝（Faith）在英文中含“忠实”之意。
“宝贝心肝，”她樱唇贴近他耳朵，伤心地娇声曼语，“求你明天日出再出门旅行，今晚就睡在自家床上嘛。
孤单单的女人会做些可怕的梦，生些吓人的念头，有时候连自己都害怕。
今晚就留下来和我相守吧，亲爱的，一年到头只求你这一夜。
”“我的宝贝，亲爱的费丝，”小伙子布朗回答，“一年到头就这一夜，我必须离开你。
我这趟出门，就是你说的旅行，必须现在就走，明天日出时回来。
怎么，我漂亮可爱的妻子，结婚才三个月，你就怀疑我啦？”“那就愿上帝保佑你！”粉红缎带飘飘的费丝道，“愿你回来时看到一切平安。
”“阿门！”古德曼·布朗叫道，”做祷告吧，亲爱的费丝，一天黑就上床，不会有什么东西伤害你的。
”于是二人分手。
小伙子匆匆上路，到礼拜堂旁边，正要拐弯，回头一望，但见费丝仍在伫望，神情忧伤，虽然那粉红缎带仍在飘扬。
“可怜的小费丝！”他骂着自己，“我真够可耻的，竟为了这么趟差使丢下她！她还提到了梦，讲话的样子那么愁，就像已有什么梦警告过她，今晚我要去干啥事。
不，不，她要知道了真会活不下去。
唉，她真是个有福的人间天使，过了今晚这一夜，我再也不离开她的裙边喽，要一直跟着她上天堂。
”对未来的美好信念已定，古德曼·布朗觉得加快实现眼前的邪恶目的，天经地义。
他踏上了一条凄清的小路。
阴森森的树木遮天蔽日，挤挤挨挨，勉强让狭窄的小径蜿蜒穿过。
人刚过，枝叶又将小路封了起来，荒凉满目。
而且这荒凉凄清还有一个特点，旅人弄不清无数的树干与头顶粗大的树枝后面会藏着什么，所以，脚步虽孤孤零零，也许经过的却是看不见的一大群人。
“棵棵树后没准儿都藏着个恶鬼似的印第安人呢，”古德曼·布朗自言自语，怯怯地回头看看。
“要是魔鬼本人就在我身旁，那可咋办！”顺路拐弯时，他回头张望。
再回头，发现一棵老树下坐着个人，衣着朴素体面。
古德曼·布朗一走近，这人就站起来，与小伙子并肩朝前走。
“你迟到啦，古德曼·布朗，”这人道，“我经过波士顿的时候，老南方教堂的钟正好敲响，现在都过了整整十五分钟啦！”“费丝耽搁了我一会儿。
”小伙子回答，声音有些发颤，因为同伴突然冒了出来，虽不算完全出乎预料。
林中此刻夜色沉沉，而他俩走的地方夜色最深，只能依稀辨出第二位旅人约摸五十岁光景，显然与布朗身份相同，模样也相似，不过神态也许比相貌更像。
然而，两人还是可能被当做父子。
尽管年长的与年轻的服装同样简单，举止同样朴实，但神情之间有种见多识广的气派。
倘若事务需要，得与总督同桌进餐，或置身威廉国王堂堂大殿，这位老者大概也不会局促不安。
但他身上最引人注目的却是一件东西，即一根酷似黑蛇的手杖，精雕细刻，活脱一条扭来扭去的大蛇。
这当然是暗淡光线造成的视觉假象。
“快走吧，古德曼·布朗”，旅伴催着，“才上路就这么慢腾腾的。
要是这么快就乏了，把我手杖拿去吧！”“伙计，”另一位慢腾腾的步子却完全停下来。
“我已守约上这儿来见了你，现在我想回去啦。
对你熟知的那件事我还拿不定主意哩。
”“是么？”握蛇杖的人一旁笑了。
”那咱们就边走边谈。
我要是说服不了你，你就回去好了，反正在这林子里才走了不远。
”“够远啦！够远啦！”小伙子叫道。
不知不觉又接着往前走。
“我爹可没为这号差使上林子里来过，他爹也没有过。
我家世世代代忠厚老实，全是好样的基督徒，打殉教先圣遇难起就是。
难道我得成为布朗家头一个走上这条道的人，而且是同……”“同这样的人作伴，你想说。
”年长的补上小伙子的中断。
“说得好，古德曼·布朗！对你一家子，我跟任何清教徒家庭同样熟悉，而且还不是一般的熟嘞。
你那当警察的爷爷，有一回狠狠地鞭打一名贵格会①女教徒，从萨勒姆街这头一直抽到那头，我帮过他一把；跟菲利普王②开仗的时候，你爹放火焚烧印第安人的村子，是我递给他的松脂火把，还是在我家炉子上点燃的呐。
他俩都是我的好朋友，我们曾一道快快活活顺这条路走过好多次。
过了半夜又快快活活地回来。
看在他俩份上，我也乐意跟你交个朋友。
”①贵格会为基督教一个教派，又名“教友派”。
该英文词词根quake（音“贵格”）意为“颤抖”。
据说该教派创始人乔治·福克斯（GeorgeFox）嘱其信徒：“在圣谕面前颤抖吧（Tremble at the word of the lord”）！”故被人称为贵格派。
②菲利普王（米塔考梅·菲利普MetacometPhilip1639？——1676）：印第安酋长，美国历史人物，曾率印第安人与白人殖民者战斗，史称“菲利普王之战（KingPhilip’sWar）”。
“事情要真像你说的，”古德曼·布朗道，“我纳闷咋没听他们自己说起过。
可也是，不值得大惊小怪。
这号事情哪怕有丁点儿谣言，就能把他们撵出新英格兰。
我们老是祷告上帝，而且行善积德，容不得这号坏事。
”“坏事不坏事不管它，”持弯弯手杖的旅伴说，“新英格兰这一带我认识的人多啦，好多教堂执事跟我共饮过圣餐酒，好多市镇委员选过我当主席。
议会里多数人都坚决支持我的利益，总督和我也——但这些都是国家机密。
”“当真么？”布朗大惊失色，瞪着若无其事的同伴。
“不管咋说，我跟总督啦，议会啦不相干，他们有他们行事的规矩。
我这么个不起眼的庄稼汉用不着学样子。
可是，跟你走下去的话，可叫我咋有脸见咱萨勒姆村的大善人，那位老牧师呢？哦，不管安息日还是布道日，听到他声音我就会发抖。
”年长者一直挺认真地听，这时忍不住大笑起来，笑得直抖，连蛇一般的手杖也好像在响应着，扭来扭去。
“哈！哈！哈！”他笑了又笑，随后平静下来。
“好，往下说，古德曼·布朗，往下说。
不过，请别把我给笑死啦。
”“那好，就一句话了结吧，”古德曼·布朗颇为懊恼。
“我老婆费丝要知道了这事，她温存的小心儿非伤透了不行。
我情愿自个儿难过。
”“呣，要是那样的话，”老头回答，“古德曼·布朗，你就回去吧，就算为了二十个咱们前头那号一瘸一拐的老太婆，我也不愿让费丝受到伤害。
”他边说边用拐棍指指正在赶路的一个女人。
布朗认出这是位非常虔诚堪称模范的太太。
小时候，就是她教他教义问答的，而且至今与教师和古金执事一道是自己道德与精神方面的顾问。
“怪啦，真怪啦，天都黑了，这位古迪·克洛伊丝还在野地里乱跑。
”他道，“不过，伙计，请准许我抄近道穿过林子，好把这位基督徒扔到后头去。
她既不认识你，说不定会向我打听这是跟谁在一起，到哪儿去。
”“就这么办，”旅伴道，“你去钻林子，我还顺这条路走好了。
”于是小伙子拐过一边，不过还留神盯着伙伴。
只见他悄悄前行，离那老妇只剩一手杖之遥。
而她却躜步疾行，这么大年纪速度惊人，一面走还一面嘟嘟囔囔——不消说，是祷告呢。
老头伸出拐杖，用蛇尾似的一端碰碰老妇皱纹滚滚的脖颈。
“魔鬼！”虔诚的老太婆惊叫一声。
“这么说，古迪·克洛伊丝还认识老朋友？”老头拄着手杖面对她道。
“啊，当真是阁下您啊？”善良的老太太叫道。
“嘿，真是您，活像我的老伙计古德曼·布朗，就是如今那个傻小子布朗的爷爷。
不过——阁下您信不信？——我的那把长条帚①莫名其妙就不见了。
照我猜，准是那个天杀的巫婆古迪·戈雷偷走啦，而且还是趁我往身上抹野芹菜、委陵菜、乌头汁的时候”——①西方民间传说中，女巫总是乘一柄长条帚在空中飞行。
故事中的老太婆也是女巫。
“还搀上细磨面粉和新生儿的油吧？”模样像老古德曼·布朗的人道。
“哎，阁下您知道这秘方。
”老太太咯咯笑，“就像我说的，万事齐备，只差赴会，可骑的马没了，只好下决心走着去。
人家告诉我，今晚有个不错的小伙子要来入会。
好啦，阁下您把胳膊伸给我行不？帮我一把，咱们好眨眼功夫就赶到哇。
”“那可不行，”她朋友回答，“古迪·克洛伊丝，我不能把胳膊给你。
不过你需要的话，这根手杖可以借给你。
”说着，他把手杖往她脚下一扔。
到了她那儿，那东西大概就突然变为活物，因为主人曾把它借给埃及的魔法师。
不过，这件事古德曼·布朗可没能看清。
他吃惊地瞪着眼睛往上一看，再往下看时，古迪·克洛伊丝和蛇形手杖就都无影无踪，只剩下先前那位旅伴，泰然地等着他。
“那老太婆还教过我基督教教义咧。
”小伙子道。
简简单单一句话，意味无穷。
二人继续朝前走。
年长的直催年轻的加快步伐，坚持走那条道路，道理讲得有理有节，仿佛条条发自听者的内心，倒并非由他一一摆出来。
走着走着，他折下一根枫树枝，动手剥去上头夜露盈盈的小枝小杈。
怪的是，他手指刚碰上去，那些枝枝杈杈就立刻干萎，干得就像曝晒了一星期。
二人就这样快步前进，一直来到路上有个黑黝黝大坑的地方。
古德曼·布朗忽然一屁股坐到一截树桩上，不肯再往前走。
“伙计，”他执拗地说，“我决心已定，为这种差使我可一步也不肯走了。
就算我以为那老恶婆是去天堂，可其实她是去见魔鬼，也没理由叫我丢下心爱的费丝去学她的样啊！”“这件事，你的想法慢慢会变的，”他伙计从容不迫，“坐在这歇会儿，等到想走了，我的拐杖会帮你一把！”不再多言，他把枫树枝扔给布朗，自己转眼不见，仿佛融入茫茫黑夜。
年轻人在路边歇了一会儿，对自己大加赞赏。
寻思明天早上碰到牧师散步，该何等问心无愧，也用不着躲避善良的老执事古金先生的目光啦。
这原本打算鬼混的一夜，如今要安睡在费丝的怀抱里，多纯洁，多甜蜜！这些值得夸奖的念头正转得美滋滋，忽听路上传来马蹄得得。
布朗觉得还是躲进林子里的好，想到那个把自己带到此地的罪恶目的就有愧，虽说刚才还为自己悬崖勒马而感到高兴。
马蹄声，骑手说话声越来越近，谈话的像是两位庄重严肃的老者。
混杂的声音顺路而过，离小伙子的藏身处仅数尺之遥。
当然，那地方夜幕重重，骑马赶路人和他们的坐骑都看不清楚。
他们的身体擦过路旁的小树枝，但并不见他们哪怕片刻挡住明亮夜空投下的那道微光，他们一定从那儿经过来着。
古德曼·布朗时而蹲下，时而踮起脚尖，拨开树枝，壮起胆子，把脑袋尽可能伸出去，可还是啥也看不到。
他更焦躁了，因为他敢发誓，要真有这种事的话，方才听到的正是牧师与古金执事的声音。
他们从从容容缓缓前进，跟平日里去参加什么圣职授任仪式或教会会议一样。
眼下还听得见他们，其中一位停下折了根树枝。