ElectoralCollege
恋词 考研英语 笔记整理 Unit 20
Tammy 的恋练有词课程笔记（Unit20）
sweep:【v.】席卷；横扫；迅速传播 swept 扫除 weep 哭泣 抽泣
trivial:【adj.】琐碎的；无足轻重的 形近词 triviality（n.）琐事 vital 至关重要的 生死攸关的
threefifthsformula公式handedjeffersonhisnarrowvictorypresidentialelectionsouthernstateselectoralcollege总统选举outcomen结果2007年阅读textdeliberatepracticeentailsmorethansimplyrepeatingtaskratheritinvolvessettingspecificgoalsobtainingimmediatefeedbackoutcomedeliberatepracticeentails导致morethansimplyrepeatingtaskratheritinvolvessettingspecificgoalsobtainingimmediatefeedbackoutcomerender致使招致speculatev推测猜测2013drurisimonsohnspeculatedbigpictureleadingdecisionmakersdailysampleswereworkingdrurisimonsohnspeculatedbigpictureleadingdecisionmakersbiased有偏见的bydailysampleswereworkingdiffusev宣泄舒缓尤指不良情绪2008年阅读textalvarezsexperiencedemonstratesfindingwaysdiffusestressbeforetammy的恋练有词课程笔记unit20threatensyourhealthyourabilityfunctionalvarezsexperiencedemonstrates示范论证theimportancefindingwaysdiffusestressbeforethreatensyourhealthyourabilityfunctionexplicitlyadv明确地2013年阅读textbecausecongresshasalwaysenvisionedjointfederalstateimmigrationenforcementexplicitlyencouragesstateofficersshareinformationfederalcolleagues
学院的英文怎么说
学院的英文怎么说学院的英文怎么说学院的英文：collegeinstituteschoolfaculty参考例句：a polytechnic institute.讲授多种工艺的学院A private college;a private sanatorium.私立学院;私营疗养院a residential hotel; a residential quarter;a residential college; residential zoning.公寓旅馆；住宅区；住宿学院；住宅分区制。
The college was nothing more than a diploma mill.这个学院只不过是个文凭制造厂The college gave the ambassador an honorary degree.学院授予该大使名誉学位。
I was attached to the naval college as a special instructor for six months.我以6个月的专职教官身份加入了海军学院。
This university is composed of five colleges and one graduate school.这所大学由五个学院和一个研究生院组成。
Congress is a collegial and not a hierarchical body.国会是一个学院式的`机构，而不是一个等级制度的机构。
In Arkansas Bill Clinton had been a new type, a self-selected candidate from Hope, georgetown, Yale and Oxford在阿肯色州，比尔·克林顿是一个新型人物，一个来自霍普学院、乔治城学院、耶鲁大学和牛津大学的一位自荐成功的候选人。
In teaching grammar, professor Wang can be a notch above all the other professors.论教语法，王教授要比学院任何人都略胜一筹。
U.S.AElection-美国总统选举流程中英文对照
U.S.AElection-美国总统选举流程中英⽂对照America’s Election美国实⾏总统制，总统选举每四年举⾏⼀次。
美国总统选举制度复杂，过程漫长。
选举的主要程序包括预选、各党召开全国代表⼤会确定总统候选⼈、总统候选⼈竞选、全国选民投票选出总统“选举⼈”、“选举⼈”成⽴选举⼈团投票表决正式选举总统和当选总统就职典礼等⼏个阶段。
The United States presidential system, presidential elections held every four years. American presidential election system is complex, the process is long. Election of the main program includes pre selection, the parties held a National Congress to determine that the presidential candidate, candidate for the presidency and national voters elected president "the elector", "the elector" established in the electoral college vote formally elect the president and President elect presidential inauguration in several stages.1、预选阶段：预选是美国总统选举的第⼀阶段，通常从⼤选年的年初开始，到年中结束。
预选有两种形式，分别是政党基层会议和直接预选。
前者是指两党在各州⾃下⽽上，从选举点、县、选区到州逐级召开代表会议，最终选出本党参加全国代表⼤会的代表。
美国总统竞选
Third
Election Inaugural address
Fifth
Primary election
1. Primary election: for the nomination of candidates at national party conventions( 提名候 选人预选会)
100 435 Senators Congressmen
535 Representatives in Congress 538 electors 3 electors The District of Columbia
The electoral college
• The electoral college is a group of people who gather to cast their votes for the various presidential candidates • When all the electoral votes are counted ,the president with the most votes wins.
The electors from Each State make up the "Electoral College" The major political parties will officially hold its presidential nominating conventions. In this nominating conventions, The “Electoral College” Votes for the President.
Electors(in each state)
美国总统选举英文版
The first part, who can be a president? First, the U.S. president must be native American born in the United States. Second, he must be at least 35 years old. Third, he has lived in the United States at least 14 years.Next, I will introduce the process of the election. The U.S. implement Presidential system, the presidential election was hold every four years. It includes five stages. Primary election、Nominating process、Running、General election 、Inauguration. Let's look it one by one.1. Primary election usually starts in Feb. and ends in June. It has two forms: indirect election system & direct election system. The first form, each county, strict, state host meeting to select electors. The second form, all voters cast ballots in the same day to select electors. Most states adopt the second form. purpose: To select electors for the National Party Conventions.2.Nominating process from July to Aug. The electors from each state make up the "Electoral College".The major political parties will officially hold its Presidential Nominating Conventions. In this Nominating Conventions, the "Electoral College" cast ballots for the candidates. Normally, the candidate for president receiving the majority(>50%) of the electoral votes is the elected president.3.Running. The candidates of the major parties will go to many states to win the supporters by means of: campaigning trips to different states, addressing TV speeches, showing on TV debates etc. The candidates deliver countless speeches and shake countless hands. The media tools play an important role in this process. From this picture, we can see this process costs a lot.4.General election: The first Tuesday after the first Monday in Nov. is called Presidential Election Day. That day, all voters cast ballots for the candidates. V oters can't determine the president directly. The first Monday after the second Wednesday is the real presidential election day. That day, the “Electoral College”represents the wishes of the voters to cast ballots for the candidate. Take California as an example, this state has 55 ballots, if more than a half voters support President Obama, then the electoral college will vote these 55 ballots to Obama. From this picture, we can see, there are 538 ballots altogether. Each state is allocated a number of Electoral College electors equal to the number of its Senators and Representatives in the U.S. Congress.5.The candidate who gets more than 270 ballots can be the president. In 2012, president Obama got 332 ballots.In Inauguration day, there are nine events, let 's look at together .1.Morning Worship ServiceThe tradition of attending a morning worship service on Inauguration Day began with Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933.2.Procession to the CapitolBy tradition, the outgoing President accompanies the President-elect to the Capitol for the swearing-in ceremony.3.Vice President’s Swearing-In CeremonyUntil 1937, the Vice President was sworn into office in the Senate.4.President’s Swearing-In Ceremony5.Inaugural AddressSince George Washington in 1789, every President has delivered an Inaugural address.6.Departure of the Outgoing PresidentFollowing the inaugural ceremony on the west front of the U.S. Capitol, the outgoing President and First Lady leave the Capitol to begin their post-presidential lives.7.Inaugural LuncheonSince 1953, a luncheon was hosted at the U.S. Capitol for the new President, Vice President, and guests.8.Inaugural ParadeWhile early parades were mostly military escorts, by 1841, floats, citizens groups, and bands became standard.9.Inaugural BallThe first Inaugural ball in Washington was thrown for James and Dolley Madison in 1809.The final part is presidential oath. Firstly, I will introduce some details about the oath. Later, I will show you a short video about the oath of the president Obama.1.Presidents say their name after the first " I"2.Presidents raise their right hand and put their left hand on the bible while swearing in.3.The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court(最高法院首席法官) swears in the President of the United States.4.The swearing in ceremony was held in Washington, D.C.5.It is customary for presidents to add the words "So help me God " to the end of the oath .6.Presidents give an inaugural speech after their oath.。
美国选举制度
美国选举制度美国选举制度是世界公认的最为复杂和民主的选举制度之一，其独特的选举制度体系给予了美国选民非凡的选举自由、平等和公正。
美国选举制度既包括总统大选、国会选举，也包括各州和地方的选举。
其中最重要的是总统大选。
美国总统大选的选举制度分为两个环节：初选和总统选举。
初选是各主要政党通过一系列选举和党内会议（如党代表大会）来选择该党的总统候选人。
总统选举是选民直接选举总统和副总统。
根据美国宪法规定，每四年一次的总统选举在每个州的选民大会上进行，选民将投票选举各自代表的选举人团（Electoral College）成员。
选举人团成员根据在各州获得的投票情况进行投票，将选票发送到国会议员，在国会议员的开票统计后，选举人团中获得270张以上选票的候选人将成为该届总统。
美国选举制度具有以下特点：一、联邦制度：美国选举制度存在国家层次的选举和州层次的选举。
总统选举是全国范围的大选，而州和地方的选举则由各州和地方政府组织。
二、选举人团制度：选举人团是美国总统选举的关键所在。
选民的投票只是用来选举各自派出的选举人，而选举人再根据各自所在州的情况，投票选举总统和副总统。
选举人的数量与每个州的国会议员数量有关，有些州人口较多，选举人的数量相对较多。
三、二党制度：美国选举制度中存在二党制度。
共和党和民主党是美国的两大主要政党。
选民只能在这两个党派中选择。
这两个政党掌握了美国政治舞台上的主导地位。
四、内容关注度：在美国选举制度中，候选人和政党的政治广告十分重要，各种媒体形式的报道和分析也十分繁琐。
美国选民被视为最关注政治信息的选民之一，选民的参与度很高。
五、选民注册制度：美国选民必须通过注册表格进行注册，在注册时需要提供身份证明和住址证明。
只有符合法定要求的公民才有资格登记选民。
六、选举制度保障：美国选举制度非常注重公正和平等，监督选举的机构和法律非常完善。
选民可以通过法律途径来维护自己的选举权益，并对选举过程进行投诉。
【官宣】拜登确认胜选演讲( 中英讲稿)
【官宣】拜登确认胜选演讲（中英讲稿）演讲全文Good evening, my fellow Americans. Over the past few weeks, officials in each state, commonwealth, and district, without regard to party or political preference have certified their winning candidate. Today, the members of the Electoral College representing the certified winner, cast their votes for President and Vice President of the United States in an act just as old as our nation itself. And once again in America, the rule of law, our Constitution and the will of the people prevailed. Our democracy pushed, tested, threatened, proved to be resilient, true and strong. The Electoral College votes which occurred today effect the fact that even in the face of a public health crisis unlike anything we’ve experienced in our lifetime, the people voted. They voted in record numbers. More Americans voted this year than have ever voted in the history of the United States of America. Over 155 million Americans were determined to have their voices heard and their votes counted. In the start of this pandemic, this crisis, many were wondering how many Americans would actually vote at all. But those fears proved to be unfounded. We saw something very few predicted, even thought possible, the biggest voter turnout in the history of the United States of America, a number so big that this election now ranks as the clearest demonstration of the true will of the American people, one of the most amazing demonstrations of civic duty we've ever seen in our country.晚上好，我的同胞们。
美国大选介绍英文版
Thsentatives Conference
January June July August November
Primary election
Running Inaugural address
Election
Political experience In recent decades, the presidential nominees of both major parties have been either incumbent presidents, sitting or former vice presidents, sitting or former U.S. Senators, or sitting or former state Governors.
The United States Presidential Election
The United States presidential election is in the first Tuesday of November. This day is also known as the United States presidential election day, coinciding with the general elections of various other federal, states and local races. The fifty-eighth presidential election of the United states is held in 2016.
Candidates of 2016
Hillary Clinton Deocratic Party
Donald Trump Republic Party
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Disadvantages of the Electoral College System
Complex The person with the most votes may not win
Advantages
Preserves the federal system-winning ind. Without the EC, state lines mean nothing Preserves the two party system Keeps our politics moderate-extreme parties have little chance of winning any state
The Mechanics
The Presidential Election should be viewed as 51 separate elections each with a “winner take all” system To win a candidate must get a majority of 538 votes or 270 Each state is represented in the EC according to their total number of members of Congress
Major Changes Through the Years
12th Amendment-1804-Separated the candidacy of the President and the VicePresident Popular election of electors in the 1820’s & 30’s
The Mechanics Cont’d
Kentucky has 2 senators and 6 representatives. This means that Kentucky has 8 electoral votes California, the most populous state, has two senators and 52 representatives. This gives California 54 electoral votes Wyoming, the least populous state, has two senators and 1 representative. This gives Wyoming 3 electoral votes
The Mechanics Cont’d
If there are more than two candidates, the system might not work If the system does not work, the House elects the President and the Senate elects the Vice-President. This has not happened since 1824.
The Electoral College
LCC
Tim Cantrell
Creation
The Electoral College was created at the Constitutional Convention by the Founding Fathers It was the last of many plans adopted in 1787 in Philadelphia
Electoral College Delegates
The delegates are chosen by the political parties in each state Historically, the delegates have been 99.9% loyal to their party After the combined votes in 50 states and DC are counted by a joint session of Congress, the election is official
The Mechanics Cont’d
The total electoral vote of 538 is based on 100 senators, 435 representatives for the 50 states. The 23rd Amendment gave Washington, DC 3 electoral votes The candidates compete in 50 states and DC for electoral votes and the winner must have at least 270 The Electoral College always works when there are only two candidates
What the Individual Vote Means
Individual votes count only in the state where they are cast When all states have voted, the candidate with the most votes in each state gets all the electoral votes of that state In December, following the November Election, the winning electors in each state go to their respective state capitals and cast their votes and send them to Congress