高考英语虚拟语气用法精讲精练.doc
高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习.doc
高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习概述：语气的定义和种类l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。
What a fine day it is! 多好的天气啊!(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如: Open the door, please。
请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。
May you succeed! 祝您成功！一、虚拟语气虚拟语气用于表示所说的话与现在的事实相反，或与过去的事实相反，或与将来的事实相反。
表示说话人的主观愿望、猜想、建议或与事实不符的假设等，也可以表示可能性较小或不可能发生的情况。
虚拟语气一般用于正式的书面语中。
多用于复合句中。
虚拟语气是由谓语动词的特殊形式表达出来的。
w If they invite me this evening, I shall go with them. （陈述语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性很大）w If they invited me this evening, I should go with them. （虚拟语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性小或者根本不可能）二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
w If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语语法考点虚拟语气
高中英语语法考点精讲精练例：1.If I were you, I should go and see the doctor at once.2.If we had no electricity, what would our life be?3.If you had told him yesterday, he might have made some suggestions.4.If I had valued the true love when I got it, I wouldn’t have greatly regretted when I lost it.5.If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we would have played tennis.6.If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.7.If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.8.If God offered me another chance right now, I would utter the three words to the girl, “I loveyou”.【跟踪训练】1. I didn’t see your sister a t the meeting. If she ______ she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come2. The rice ______ if you had been more careful.A. would not be burningB. would not burnC. would not have burntD. would not burnt3. If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented5. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven; wouldn’t have got7. — If he ______, he ______ that food.— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken8. If it ______ rain tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.A. wouldB. couldC. mightD. should9. —John is really expert at fighting cybercrime!—Yes, but he _____ his potential if it had not been for his desire to meet the new challenge.A. never realizedB. would never realizeC. would never have realizedD. had never realized10. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she_____there, she wouldn’t beable to see her parents very often.A. livesB. would liveC. having askedD. were to live【真题实战】1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had2. If we _________ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful. （2012山东）A. haven’t m adeB. wouldn’t makeC. didn’t makeD. hadn’t made3. If my car _________more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. （2012陕西）A. wasB. had beenC. should beD. would be4. We wouldn’t have called a tax i yesterday if Harold ______us a ride home. （2012天津）A. didn’t offerB. wouldn’t offerC. hasn’t offeredD. hadn’t offered【跟踪训练】改写以下句子。
虚拟语气精讲精练总结
What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would…
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.
If I had a lot of money,
1. if only 意为：若是...那该多好啊; 真希望...; 只要, 只要...就好 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态
If only I had arrived in time !
If only she didn’t drive so fast.
I wish I ________ you yesterday.
His silence at the meeting suggested that he ________ to your plan.
A.didn’t agree B.hadn’t agreed
C.wouldn’t agree D.not agree
NOTES:
与现在相反
例： If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
had HIV
would feel
were
would be
had driven
If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.
would not have had
If I how to swim, I trapped in this island. had learnt would not have been
高考英语语法_虚拟语气详解_练习精讲[1]
![高考英语语法_虚拟语气详解_练习精讲[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a0a87db1d5d8d15abe23482fb4daa58da0111c8a.png)
虚拟语气陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：0-0There are two sides to every question./ 0-1Were you busy all day yesterday?祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
如：0-2Never be late again!/ 0-3Don’t forget to turn off the light.虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：0-4If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.一真实条件与非现实条件真实条件表示现实情况中可能实现的情况而非真实条件表示与现实情况相反的假想。
1-1 If the working conditions are not too bad, I will accept the job.如果工作条件不太差，我会接受这项工作。
(真实条件)1-2 If the working conditions were not too bad, I would accept the job.如果工作条件不太差，我就接受这项工作了。
(非真实条件)(事实是The working conditions are too bad,、I won't accept the job)1-3 He said if he failed, he would have another try.他说他如果失败，他还会再试一次。
(真实条件)1-4 If he had failed, he would have had another try.如果他失败的话，他会再试一次的。
(非真实条件)(事实是He didn't fail and he didn't have another try.二非真实条件句2.1 if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气should可用于各种人称，且不可以被would所代替。
【高中英语】虚拟语气 高中英语语法精讲精练
【高中英语】虚拟语气高中英语语法精讲精练【高中英语】虚拟语气-高中英语语法精讲精练虚拟语气指说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或假设与事实不符。
虚拟语气可分为三种类型：（1）一般虚拟语气（2）混合虚拟语气（3）特殊句型一．一般虚拟的构成：(省略if,要将should/were/had提到句首)(1). 对于当前虚拟机：if+S.+did/weresh，S.+will/can/should+doifihadtime,iwouldattendthemeeting.如果是你，我就可以出国。
(2)对过去的虚拟：if+s.+had+p.p,s.+would/could/shouldhave+p.p如果你接受了建议，你就不会失败。
(3)对将来的虚拟：如果+s.+did/were/shoulddo/weretodo，那么s+will/shoulddos/coulddos。
ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.如果明天12点，港口将关闭。
注意：hadwemadegoodpreparations,wemighthavesucceeded.如果不下雨，我们就出去散步了。
wereiyou,iwouldnotdosuchathing.二、混合虚拟：（1）不同时间的虚拟：ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.如果他今天看电视，我就不知道该做什么。
(2)虚拟与陈述的混合：他可以通过考试，但他没有通过考试。
三．特殊句式：他建议我们为将来存钱。
（法官的判决）(2)itissuggested/advised/ordered/requested/requiredthat–clause(shoulddo/do)(主语从句)（3）我的建议/建议/请求/要求该条款（shoulddo/do）hissuggestion/advice/request/requirementthat–clause(shoulddo/do)is..（同位语从句）（4）索赔（shoulddo/do）的意思是惊讶、怀疑、遗憾、不满等，这真是令人惊讶/必要/奇怪。
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学习好资料欢迎下载一．语气的定义和种类。
1语气 (mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2语气的种类a. 陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。
Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗？How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！b.祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。
如：Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。
Don’ t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。
c.虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如：If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。
对比： If I am a bird, I can fly in the sky.二．虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。
条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。
如：If time permits, we ’ ll go fishing together. 如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。
如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如：If time permitted, we would go fishing together. （隐含的事实是：时间不允许，我们不会一起去钓鱼）。
三．例句与练习：1．表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
If I were you, I should(would ,could, might)tell him the truth.要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。
（事实上我不是你）If she had time, she would(could, might)help me.如果她有时间，她就会帮我。
（事实上她没有时间）练习：1, If the color of your dress ____ red, you _____ look more cheerful.2, If I ____(have to) say something good about your work, I ______ say“ well done”.3, If you _____ (have) a lot of money, what _____ you buy?4,如果我是你的话，我就接受他的邀请。
5,如果我在非洲的话，我就要去看野生动物。
6,如果可以的话，我就要那个大的。
If it were possible, I would get the bigger one.2表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
如：If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I should(would, could, might)have telephoned you.如果昨天我知道了你的电话号码，我就会给你打电话了。
（事实上我昨天不知道你的电话号码。
）If you had taken my advice, you wouldn ’t(couldn ’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格。
（事实上你根本没听我的。
）练习：1, If it ______(rain) yesterday, the crops________(save).2,If you _______(arrive) five minutes earlier,you ________(see) the famous film star.3,If you _________(follow) my advice, you ________ (not miss) the chance.4,如果我早一点出发的话，我就会看到Mary 了。
If I had set off a little earlier, I would have seen Mary.5，如果你仔细一点的话，你在考试中就会多得10 分。
If you had been more careful, you could have had 10 more points.6，如果我打扫了房间的话，妈妈就不会发火了。
If I had cleane d the room, mum wouldn’ t have been angry.3表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。
如：If it should rain, the crops would(could, might)be saved.假如天下雨，庄稼可能就收获了。
---What would happen if I put the paper on the fire?---It would burn.---我若把只放在火上会怎么样？---纸会烧着。
If you were to go to Beijing, you would (could, might) have a chance to visit Tian An Men Square. 练习：1,If he ______(come) tomorrow, what _____(do) I ?2,If Mr Wang ______(refuse) my suggestion, I _______(make) another one.3,If you ______(succeed) ,everything _____(be) all right.4, 如果你明天离开，你会后悔终生的。
5，如果他来的话，他会带着他的小提琴的。
6，明天万一下雨，我们就开个会。
三．虚拟语气的其它用法。
1虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法。
在“ It is important (strange, natural, necessary) that ”这类句型中，句中的谓语动词常用“ (should)+ 动词原形”结构，表示某事是“重要”“必要”等意义。
如：that 所引导的主语从，“奇怪”，“自然”，It is important that every Beijinger (should) be able to speak English. 重要的是每个北京人能说英语。
It is necessary that he (should) be sent to hospital at once. 有必要马上把他送医院。
2虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
（ 1）在动词 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词 that。
a.表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be 的过去式用were )表示。
如：I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个问题的答案。
（可惜不知道。
）I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家乡四季如春。
（只是愿望，实际根本不可能实现。
）b.表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词用had+过去分词。
如：I wish (that) I hadn ’t wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。
（实际上已经浪费掉了。
）He wishes (wished) he hadn ’t lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。
（事实上机会已经失去了，他感到惋惜。
）c.表示对将来的主观愿望：谓语动词形式为时要注意，主句的主语与从句的主语不能相同，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿（非动作名词除外）“ would/should/could/might+ 动词原形”，此因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，。
如：I wish it would stop raining.但愿雨能停止。
I wish you would be quiet. 我希望你安静一些。
（2）在 suggest（建议） , demand(要求 ), order( 命令 ), propose(建议 ), insist （坚持要做） , command(命令 ), request(要求 ), desire( 希望 )等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)+ 动词原形”，表示建议，要求，命令等。
如：I suggest that we (should) start the meeting at once. 我建议马上开会。
The undergraduate insisted that he (should) go to work in the south.这位即将毕业的学生坚持要到南方去工作。
注：当 suggest 表示暗示，主语为 something ； insist 表示坚持观点时，后接的宾语从句当用真实语气。
比较：His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision. 他的沉默暗示着他赞成我的决定。
He suggested that I (should) stick to my decision. 他建议我坚持自己的决定。
He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people ’s health. 他坚持认为做早操对健康有益。
He insists that he (should) do morning exercises every day. 他坚持他每天都要早操。
3虚拟语气在表语从句中的用法。
当主语为 advice, suggestion, order, proposal 等词时后接表语从句，表语从句中的谓语动词常用“ (should)+ 动词原形”结构，表示某人建议、劝告、命令等的内容。
如：My advice is that you should practise speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你尽可能经常地练习说英语。
The order from the commander was that the troops should set off for the front immediately. 司令官的命令队是部立即开拔去前线。