山东省2013年高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破六 动词的时态和语态
山东省高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破五 动词和动词短语
2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版五、动词和动词短语真题试做1．(2011山东高考，25)They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.A．put off B．speed upC．turn on D．work out2．(2010山东高考，27)Sam ______ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.A．brought up B．looked upC．picked up D．set up3．(2010山东高考，31)Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?A．manage B．serveC．adapt D．construct4．(2009山东高考，26) —Do you have enough to ______all your daily expenses?—Oh yes，enough and to spare.A．cover B．spendC．fill D．offer5．(2009山东高考，31) Amy joined a painting group but didn't seem to ______，so she left.A．show off B．go upC．fit in D．come over考向分析1．考查常见动词和动词短语的词义辨析。
强调语言的情景化，把动词和动词短语的区别放在鲜活的语境中进行考查，突出在具体语境中进行意义选择的测试。
2．考查常见动词的搭配。
特别是同一动词和不同的副词或介词构成的短语的辨析，或者不同的动词和同一副词或介词构成的短语的辨析。
如take/make/turn/come/hold/bring/ keep/leave/hand等一些高频动词与out/off/up/over/about/down/on/in等副词搭配构成的短语含义。
2013年高考英语谓语动词的时态、语态考点分析
2013年高考英语谓语动词的时态、语态考点分析在2013年高考中，“动词的时态与语态”这一考点依然占有很大比例。
全国各省市18份高考卷中，有10份以上在单项填空题中设置2个或2个以上的动词时态、语态题。
其中北京卷和湖南卷更是多达5题，江苏卷和福建卷各为4题。
通过仔细分析，我发现今年高考对谓语动词时态与语态的考查呈以下几个显著的特点：1 重点考查在具体语境中解答时态、语态题英语谓语动词的时态、语态与语境的关系非常密切。
语境能够提供动作发生的时间和背景，能够暗示出动作发出者和承受者的具体信息。
因此，我们要具备根据语境判断谓语动词的时态、语态的能力。
例1：山东卷27-Oh，no！We are too late. The train .-That’s OK. We will catch the next train to London.A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. has been leaving答案是C. 根据“我们（现在）来得太迟了”及“我们将乘下一班火车前往伦敦”得知“火车已经离开了”，故选用现在完成时C。
例2：湖南卷34-I don’t understand why you did’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.-I’m so sorry. But I my homework.A. had doneB. was doingC. would doD. am doing答案是B。
根据句意“-我（现在）不理解你为什么昨天下午没去听讲座。
”“-我很抱歉。
但是（当时）我正在做作业。
”知道听讲座和做作业都是过去的动作，且做作业是当时正在发生，故用过去进行时。
例3：四川卷3Hurry up，kids！The school bus for us！A. waitsB. was waitingC. waitedD. is waiting答案是D.根据语境“孩子们，快点！”说明是因为“校车正在等我们！”故选用现在进行时D。
高中英语真题-2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版_46
高中英语真题:2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版第一节阅读理解AGrace Kane hangs onto an Olympic dream of clinging to a grani te(花岗岩)wall by her fingertips 70 feet from the ground.The fearless gi rl is only 10，but already has scaled great heights in the sport of rock climbin g.Last week，Kane won a bronze in the 11 and younger sport class at the US A Climbing Youth National Championships in Atlanta.She was t he only competitor of the 31 there with no climbing coach or top flight facilities in which to train.Climbing will become an exhibitio n at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics in Brazil.The hope of ent husiasts is that the sport will gain full status in 2020.“I'm already training for that，” said Kane.“Climbing is my passion，my love，and I want to make something of it.”Her dad took her to climb rocks on her fourth birthday for the first time and today he can't keep up with her.“It's the freedom to l et loose，” she said.“When I'm up there，I'm so focused and don't hear anything.I always feel comforted knowing people are supporting me.”The bronze in Atlanta qualified Kane for the USA team and Nov ember's International Championships in Ecuador.That's a trip s he might have to miss because it's too expensive.Kane held a backyard music concert—she played the guitar and the piano and wrote inspirational son gs—and raised $600 for her $1,500 trip to Atlanta.She's also been s ponsored by a shoe company，but must rely heavily on donations from family and friends for tr avel expenses.Her mom Heather Kane said the family has chosen “to do what ever we need to help her achieve her goals”．One of Grace's bi ggest challenges is finding balance in her life.There's school，her music and church to fit around climbing.“Climbing is going to mean sacrificing things other kids might pu rsue，” Grace said.“But it doesn't bother me.It's like playing the piano；you can't take a break or you'll lose your touch.”1．What would be the best title of the passage?A．Rock Climbing Gains PopularityB．Grace Kane Likes ChallengesC．A Young Climber Follows Her DreamD．An Amazing Victory for a Young Rock Climber2．We can learn from the second paragraph that rock climbing ______.A．is not an exhibition at the Olympics nowB．is an official event at the Olympics nowC．is not open to childrenD．will gain full status in 20203．Which of the following is TRUE about Grace Kane? A．She is only interested in rock climbing.B．She is a girl with many talents.C．Rock climbing has affected her study.D．She has won gold medals in several matches.4．One of Grace's biggest challenges is to ______.A．find a capable coach for herB．get qualified for the USA teamC．raise enough money for International competitions D．keep balance between rock climbing and other activities 5．What do we know about Grace Kane's parents?A．They are quite concerned about her studies.B．They regretted allowing her to try rock climbing.C．They will fully support their daughter's pursuit.D．They can fully afford her expenses in her competitions.B(2012山东桓台二中月考，D)“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people unders tand what it is to move，” said David Belle，the founder of parkour(跑酷)．Do you love running？It is a good exercise，yet many people find it boring.But what if making your morning j og a creative one？Like jumping from walls and over gaps，and ground rolls？Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale？Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill(窗台)and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way.It is j ust because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport h as become popular worldwide.Yes，that's parkour，an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to anot her as quickly as possible，getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilitiesof the human body.Parkour is considered an extreme sport.As it s participants dash around a city，they may jump over fences，run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds，but its participants see parkour much more than that. Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念)behind parkour.This is the same as life.You must determine your destination，go straight，jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back fro m them in your life，to reach the destination successfully.A parkour lover said，“I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life，my way to do everything.”Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom.It can be done by anyone，at any time，anywhere in the world.It is a kind of expression of trust in yours elf that you earn energy and confidence.6．Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of ______.A．its founder，David Belle B．the film，Casino RoyaleC．its risks and tricksD．the varieties of participants7．The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “______”．A．streets B．objects C．barriers D．roofs8．Which of the following is true of parkour?A．It challenges human abilities.B．It is a good but boring sport.C．It needs special training. D．It is a team sport. 9．As its participants move around a city，______.A．they can ask for helpB．they may choose to escapeC．they should run to extremesD．they must learn to survive10．Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour? A．Sports and extremes.B．Excitement and popularity.C．Dreams and success.D．Determination and freedom.CSchools are almost all connected to the Internet.But some have more technology，and use it more，than others.For example，some schools use computers for activities like video conferenci ng，to bring the world into the classroom.And some classrooms are equipped with things like a Smart Bo ard，a kind of interactive whiteboard.Interactive whiteboards are larg e displays for presentations.They connect to a computer and ca n operate by touch.They can be used for documents or writing or to project video.Some teachers are trying creative new ways to teach with devic es like iPods and mobile phones.But educators say the most im portant thing，as always，is the content.Yet technology can have special importance in some cases.Co smobot is a therapy(治疗)robot.It stands about half a meter tall and has a blue body an d a friendly face with big eyes.One child who works with it is sixyearold Kevin Fitzgerald.Kevin has developmental dyspraxia；he has difficulty moving his mouth and tongue.He works with Carole SemangoSprouse as he interacts with the Cosmobot during therapy for his condition.Here，he uses a set of buttons attached to a computer to make the sil ent robot move forward，backward or around in circles.Kevin's mother thinks the robot has had a calming influence，helping her son get along better with his friends.Cosmobot was developed by Anthro Tronix.Corinna Lathan star ted the company ten years ago to work with children with cerebr al palsy，Down's syndrome，autism and other developmental disabilities.Children become friends with the robot，she says.That can have a big effect on their behavior，helping them work harder and longer in therapy sessions. Corinna Lathan is currently working with a British company to d evelop other socially helpful robots.She says they are still consi dered research tools in the United States，and not used as much as in places like Britain and Japan.But s he hopes to change that.11．It's known from the text that ______.A．schools have easy access to the Internet todayB．new technology is seldom applied to teachingC．the Internet is of equal importance in schoolsD．using computers for activities is laborsaving12．Which of the following is NOT right about Smart Board? A．It's a kind of teaching facility.B．It can be used to project video.C．It's a display for presentation.D．It's not easy to be connected to computers.13．What's “dyspraxia” according to Para.5?A．Speech barrier.B．Movement disorder.C．Visual impairment. D．Loss of memory. 14．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the text? A．Cosmobot is designed to play with.B．Cosmobot is costly and not user friendly. C．Cosmobot can be controlled by a computer.D．Anthro Tronix is a designer of a certain company. 15．What can we learn from Corinna Lathan?A．She's employed by a British company.B．Cosmobot is popular around the world.C．She wants to make previous products widespread. D．IPods and mobile phones are valued in class.DLife comes in a package.This package includes happiness and sorrow，failure and success，hope and despair.Life is a learning process.Experiences in life t each us new lessons and make us a better person.With each p assing day we learn to handle various situations.LoveLove plays a pivotal role in our life.Love makes you feel wanted .Without love a person could go hayward and also become crue l and ferocious.In the early stage of our life，our parents are the ones who show us with unconditional love a nd care；they teach us about what is right and wrong，good and bad.But we always tend to take this for granted.It is o nly after marriage and having kids that a person understands a nd becomes sensitive to others' feelings.Kids make a person re sponsible and mature and help us to understand life better. Happiness and SorrowMaterialistic happiness is short lived，but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others' face gives a certain level of fulfillment.Peace of mind is the main link to h appiness.No mind is happy without peace.We realize the true w orth of happiness when we are in sorrow.Sorrow is basically du e to death of a loved one，failure and despair.But these things are temporary and pass aw ay.Failure and SuccessFailure is the path to success.It helps us to touch the sky，teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.Success bri ngs in money，fame，pride and selfrespect.Here it becomes very important to keep o ur head on our shoulder.The only way to show our gratitude to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble，modest，courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones. Hope and DespairHope is what keeps life going.Parents always hope their childre n will do well.Hope makes us dream.Hope builds in patience.Lif e teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour，because after every night there is a day.Nothing remains the sa me.We have only one choice to keep moving on in life and be h opeful.Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday，for it has passed and is beyond our control.Tomorrow is unknown，for it could either be bright or dull.So the only alternative is to w ork hard today，so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow. 16．In the passage，the author compares life to ______.A．a package B．joy and sorrow C．failure and success D．hope and despair 17．In which section can readers probably read the passage? A．Opinions. B．Politics. C．Education. D．Lifestyles.18．How is the passage organized?A．In order of rules. B．In order of frequency. C．By making comparison.D．In order of importance.19．What's the general meaning of the last sentence of the wh ole passage?A．If you work hard，you'll have a better life in the future. B．When choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”，you'd better enjoy tomorrow.C．What you only can choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.D．Enjoying a better tomorrow is your only choice.20．What's the purpose of the passage?A．To encourage people to love each other.B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sorrow. C．To remind people of keeping having a beautiful dream. D．To give readers some information about life.第二节阅读表达You may not realize it，but you are doing more than just studying when you are at scho ol.The school is also the place where you learn______.But this i s not always easy.What can you do if you just don't like one of y our classmates?If you discover that you have problems getting along with your c lassmates or friends，the most important thing to learn is tolerance.Tolerance is the a bility to realize and respect the differences in others.We can not change the way that other people do things，so it is important to learn to live happily with them.Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other.Kno wing others constantly makes us understand others' differences .Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad.Tolera nce teaches us to keep an even temper and an open mind. You need to remember an old saying，“Treat others how you want to be treated.” You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates，so it is important to treat them kindly too.If you tolerate somethi ng，it does not mean that you have to like it.No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in.Tolerance just mea ns that you should respect the differences in others and not try t o make them change.It is important to practice tolerance，because it will make everyone's life easier.Learn to accept peop le for their different abilities and interests.The world is very diffe rent，and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help m ake a difference.1．What is the main idea of the text？(within 10 words)________________________________________________________ ________________2．Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one?Getting to know someone may help you understand why they d o things differently.________________________________________________________ ________________3．Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper wor ds or phrases to complete the sentence.(within 10 words)________________________________________________________ ________________4．Why is tolerance important？How can you get along well with your classmates？(within 30 words)________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________5．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.________________________________________________________ ________________2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版第一节阅读理解AGrace Kane hangs onto an Olympic dream of clinging to a granite(花岗岩)wall by her fingertips 70 feet from the ground.The fearless girl is only 10，but already has scaled great heights in the sport of rock climbing.Last week，Kane won a bronze in the 11 and younger sport class at the USA Climbing Youth National Cha mpionships in Atlanta.She was the only competitor of the 31 there with no climbing coach or top flight facilities in which to train.Climbing will become an exhibition at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Ol ympics in Brazil.The hope of enthusiasts is that the sport will gain full status in 2020.“I'm already training for that，” said Kane.“Climbing is my passion，my love，and I want to make something of it.”Her dad took her to climb rocks on her fourth birthday for the first time and today he can't keep up with her.“It's the freedom to let loose，” she said.“When I'm up there，I'm so focused and don't hear anything.I always feel comforted knowing people are supporting me.”The bronze in Atlanta qualified Kane for the USA team and November's International Champion ships in Ecuador.That's a trip she might have to miss because it's too expensive.Kane held a backyard music concert—she played the guitar and the piano and wrote inspirational songs—and raised $600 for her $1,500 trip to Atlanta.She's also been sponsored by a shoe company，but must rely heavily on donations from family and friends for travel expenses.Her mom Heather Kane said the family has chosen “to do whatever we need to help her achiev e her goals”．One of Grace's biggest challenges is finding balance in her life.There's school，her music and church to fit around climbing.“Climbing is going to mean sacrificing things other kids might pursue，” Grace said.“But it does n't bother me.It's like playing the piano；you can't take a break or you'll lose your touch.”1．What would be the best title of the passage?A．Rock Climbing Gains PopularityB．Grace Kane Likes ChallengesC．A Young Climber Follows Her DreamD．An Amazing Victory for a Young Rock Climber2．We can learn from the second paragraph that rock climbing ______.A．is not an exhibition at the Olympics nowB．is an official event at the Olympics nowC．is not open to childrenD．will gain full status in 20203．Which of the following is TRUE about Grace Kane?A．She is only interested in rock climbing.B．She is a girl with many talents.C．Rock climbing has affected her study.D．She has won gold medals in several matches.4．One of Grace's biggest challenges is to ______.A．find a capable coach for herB．get qualified for the USA teamC．raise enough money for International competitionsD．keep balance between rock climbing and other activities5．What do we know about Grace Kane's parents?A．They are quite concerned about her studies.B．They regretted allowing her to try rock climbing.C．They will fully support their daughter's pursuit.D．They can fully afford her expenses in her competitions.B(2012山东桓台二中月考，D)“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move，” said David Belle，the founder of parkour(跑酷)．Do you love running？It is a good exercise，yet many people find it boring.But what if making your morning jog a creative one？Like jumping from walls and over gaps，and ground rolls？Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale？Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill(窗台)and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way.It is just because of Bond's wonderf ul performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.Yes，that's parkour，an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible，getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body.Parkour is co nsidered an extreme sport.As its participants dash around a city，they may jump over fences，run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds，but its participants see parkour much more than that.Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(理念)behind parkour.This is the same as life.You must determine your destination，go straight，jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life，to reach the destination successfully.A parkour lover said，“I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life，my way to do everything.”Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom.It can be done by anyone，at any time，anywhere in the world.It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and con fidence.6．Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of ______.A．its founder，David Belle B．the film，Casino RoyaleC．its risks and tricks D．the varieties of participants7．The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “______”．A．streets B．objectsC．barriers D．roofs8．Which of the following is true of parkour?A．It challenges human abilities. B．It is a good but boring sport.C．It needs special training. D．It is a team sport.9．As its participants move around a city，______.A．they can ask for help B．they may choose to escapeC．they should run to extremes D．they must learn to survive10．Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?A．Sports and extremes. B．Excitement and popularity.C．Dreams and success. D．Determination and freedom.CSchools are almost all connected to the Internet.But some have more technology，and use it more，than others.For example，some schools use computers for activities like video conferencing，to bring the world into the classroom.And some classrooms are equipped with things like a Smart Board，a kind of interactive whiteboard.Interactive whiteboards are large displays for presentations.The y connect to a computer and can operate by touch.They can be used for documents or writing o r to project video.Some teachers are trying creative new ways to teach with devices like iPods and mobile phone s.But educators say the most important thing，as always，is the content.Yet technology can have special importance in some cases.Cosmobot is a therapy(治疗)robot.It stands about half a meter tall and has a blue body and a friendly face with big eyes. One child who works with it is sixyearold Kevin Fitzgerald.Kevin has developmental dyspraxia；he has difficulty moving his mouth and tongue.He works with Carole SemangoSprouse as he interacts with the Cosmobot during therapy for hi s condition.Here，he uses a set of buttons attached to a computer to make the silent robot move forward，backward or around in circles.Kevin's mother thinks the robot has had a calming influence，helping her son get along better with his friends.Cosmobot was developed by Anthro Tronix.Corinna Lathan started the company ten years ago to work with children with cerebral palsy，Down's syndrome，autism and other developmental disabilities.Children become friends with the robot，she says.That can have a big effect on their behavior，helping them work harder and longer in therapy sessions.Corinna Lathan is currently working with a British company to develop other socially helpful robots.She says they are still considered research tools in the United States，and not used as much as in places like Britain and Japan.But she hopes to change that.11．It's known from the text that ______.A．schools have easy access to the Internet todayB．new technology is seldom applied to teachingC．the Internet is of equal importance in schoolsD．using computers for activities is laborsaving12．Which of the following is NOT right about Smart Board?A．It's a kind of teaching facility.B．It can be used to project video.C．It's a display for presentation.D．It's not easy to be connected to computers.13．What's “dyspraxia” according to Para.5?A．Speech barrier. B．Movement disorder.C．Visual impairment. D．Loss of memory.14．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the text?A．Cosmobot is designed to play with.B．Cosmobot is costly and not user friendly.C．Cosmobot can be controlled by a computer.D．Anthro Tronix is a designer of a certain company.15．What can we learn from Corinna Lathan?A．She's employed by a British company.B．Cosmobot is popular around the world.C．She wants to make previous products widespread.D．IPods and mobile phones are valued in class.DLife comes in a package.This package includes happiness and sorrow，failure and success，hope and despair.Life is a learning process.Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person.With each passing day we learn to handle various situations.LoveLove plays a pivotal role in our life.Love makes you feel wanted.Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious.In the early stage of our life，our parents are the ones who show us with unconditional love and care；they teach us about what is right and wrong，good and bad.But we always tend to take this for granted.It is only after marriage and having kid s that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others' feelings.Kids make a person resp onsible and mature and help us to understand life better.Happiness and SorrowMaterialistic happiness is short lived，but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others' face gives a certain level of fulfillment.Pe ace of mind is the main link to happiness.No mind is happy without peace.We realize the true w orth of happiness when we are in sorrow.Sorrow is basically due to death of a loved one，failure and despair.But these things are temporary and pass away.Failure and SuccessFailure is the path to success.It helps us to touch the sky，teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.Success brings in money，fame，pride and selfrespect.Here it becomes very important to keep our head on our shoulder.The onl y way to show our gratitude to God for bestowing success on us is by being humble，modest，courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones.Hope and DespairHope is what keeps life going.Parents always hope their children will do well.Hope makes us dr eam.Hope builds in patience.Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour，because after every night there is a day.Nothing remains the same.We have only one choice to keep moving on in life and be hopeful.Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday，for it has passed and is beyond our control.Tomorrow is unknown，for it could either be bright or dull.So the only alternative is to work hard today，so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.16．In the passage，the author compares life to ______.A．a package B．joy and sorrowC．failure and success D．hope and despair17．In which section can readers probably read the passage?A．Opinions. B．Politics.C．Education. D．Lifestyles.18．How is the passage organized?A．In order of rules. B．In order of frequency.C．By making comparison. D．In order of importance.19．What's the general meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage?A．If you work hard，you'll have a better life in the future.B．When choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”，you'd better enjoy tomorrow.C．What you only can choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.D．Enjoying a better tomorrow is your only choice.20．What's the purpose of the passage?A．To encourage people to love each other.B．To tell people how to deal with happiness and sorrow.C．To remind people of keeping having a beautiful dream.D．To give readers some information about life.第二节阅读表达You may not realize it，but you are doing more than just studying when you are at school.The school is also the place where you learn______.But this is not always easy.What can you do if you just don't like one of your classmates?If you discover that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends，the most important thing to learn is tolerance.Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the d ifferences in others.We can not change the way that other people do things，so it is important to learn to live happily with them.Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other.Knowing others constantly makes u s understand others' differences.Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad.Tolera nce teaches us to keep an even temper and an open mind.You need to remember an old saying，“Treat others how you want to be treated.” You would like to be treated kindly by your classmate s，so it is important to treat them kindly too.If you tolerate something，it does not mean that you have to like it.No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in.Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try t o make them change.It is important to practice tolerance，because it will make everyone's life easier.Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests.The world is very different，and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference.1．What is the main idea of the text？(within 10 words)________________________________________________________________________2．Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one?Getting to know someone may help you understand why they do things differently.________________________________________________________________________3．Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the se ntence.(within 10 words)________________________________________________________________________4．Why is tolerance important？How can you get along well with your classmates？(within 30 words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.________________________________________________________________________。
2013年高考英语试题分类解析动词的时态和语态
2013年高考英语试题分类解析动词的时态和语态【2013北京】23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet _______ into at least ten different films over the past years.A. had been madeB. was madeC. has been madeD. would be made【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。
根据此句标志词over the past years应使用现在完成时态。
故选C。
【2013北京】25. --- Do you think Mom and Dad _______ late? --- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.A. wereB. will beC. would beD. have been【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。
根据句意：你认为父母会迟到吗？可知答案为一般将来时态，故选B。
【2013北京】28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _______ us.A. expectB. are expectingC. have expectedD. will expect【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。
根据Hurry up!可知，Mark和Carl正在等我们。
故选B，现在进行时态。
【2013北京】32. --- So what is the procedure?-- All the applicants _______ before a final decision is made by the authority.A. interviewB. are interviewingC. are interviewedD. are being interviewed【答案】C【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。
句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。
2013年山东省高考英语二轮复习专题整合突破七情态动词和虚拟语气
2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版七、情态动词和虚拟语气真题试做1．(2012山东高考，30)If we ______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.A．haven't made B．wouldn't makeC．didn't make D．hadn't made2．(2010山东高考，25)I ______ have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.A．shouldn't B．needn'tC．couldn't D．mustn't3．(2008山东高考，24)Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don't think we ______ it without you.A．can manage B．could have managedC．could manage D．can have managed考向分析1．考查情态动词的基本意义和用法，特别是can，may，must，need，shall，should，had better，would rather等。
要求把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，区别意义相近、用法类似的情态动词。
2．考查情态动词表示推测、允诺、请求、判断的用法，尤其是can，could，may，might，must表示推测的用法。
要求准确把握说话者的语气，深刻体会说话者的情感态度，结合情景做出合理选择。
3．考查“情态动词＋have done”结构的用法。
要求掌握该结构中不同的情态动词所表达的特殊意义。
4．考查虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。
要求掌握与现在、过去、将来三个不同时间的事实相反的虚拟语气，以及省略if的虚拟倒装句。
高考二轮复习动词时态与语态课件
高考二轮复习 动词时态与语态
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思维拓展
知识梳理
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◆ 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，每年试题一般不低于两道。 命题思路有三种： 一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能根据其作出选择； 二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，而需要结合语境进行判断； 三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 ◆在历年有关被动语态的考题中，共涉及了七种基本时态的被动语态，其中以现在完成时、一般现在时、一般过去时和现在进行时考得最多。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，时态通过be动词表现出来。
Hale Waihona Puke */18二、关于被动语态的几种特殊用法
2. 由“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态 被动语态除由“be+过去分词”构成以外，也可由“get+过去分词”构成，表示： （1）给自己做事（get dressed）； （2）设法做到自己称心的事(get elected)； （3）由于客观原因遇到不称心的事(get burned)； （4）表示命令（Get washed!去洗洗吧！）。
答语中有时间状语up till now，这是现在完成时的标志；第二空用现在进行时表将来，表示“时间快用完了”。
例 2
剖析
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思维拓展
（08·安徽）— Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? — Yes, I did. You know, my brother_____ in the match. A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played
高考英语2013 时态和语态
1 一般现在时的用法
3）按火车、汽车、飞机等时刻表将要发生的事。此时句
中有时有将来的时间状语，但不用将来时。此时主主语 是物：车，船，飞机等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在 时代替一般将来时。 ①If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. ②----Put these glasses away before they _____. ----OK. I’ll put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be broken
③I’ve brought my tennis things along in case we _____ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are going to have
④----Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green? -----You can when you _____ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get
3. 一般将来时
1 .一般将来时表示计划、打算、企图做某事或来注 定要发生的事情。
2 .表示将来时的四种形式 ①will /shall +动词原形 ②be going to do ③be about to do(正要干什么) ④be to do
高中英语真题-2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版_33
高中英语真题:2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版AHi Cindy，Please don't worry if you feel a little strange around boys.You ar e in the process of __1__ from a little girl into a young woman a nd there are __2__ called hormones(荷尔蒙)that are changing not only your body but your __3__.For exa mple，you say you used to feel at ease __4__ boys and you would usu ally run and fight one another for __5__.That was Cindy，the little girl.Cindy，the __6__ woman，doesn't want to fight with boys or even run with them __7__ your interests are changing.That is what is making you feel strange and it is also __8__ to the other girls around you and also to the boys.Your life is __9__ a different stage but you should underst and that this is __10__ normal，and something that will pass quickly.I think you should try again to __11__ around boys.You can still talk with them about __12__you like including sports，movies，websites and celebrities(名人)．I __13__ that you not try to fight with them，however，because the __14__ are becoming much bigger and stronger.I t hink you will find that you will __15__ being with boys but that y our feelings will be different from the __16__ they used to be.I k now you are not supposed to have a __17__ while you are still i n school in China，but if you start to find some boys very handsome and you are st rongly __18__ to some of them，don't be surprised.__19__，this is all very normal.For now，you should __20__ your school work，though you will find that some boys are attracted to you.This wil l be a new adventure for you and my best advice is to relax and enjoy it.Good luck!Brad1．A.starting B．surviving C．changing D．ranging2．A.cells B．nutritionsC．objects D．chemicals3．A.head B．mindC．life D．study4．A.against B．forC．with D．without5．A.fun B．honourC．good D．praise6．A.brave B．young C．smart D．unique7．A.before B．whenC．until D．because8．A.referring B．appealing C．happening D．pointing9．A.setting B．entering C．reflecting D．representing 10．A.perfectly B．possibly C．hardly D．nearly11．A.fight B．foolC．date D．relax12．A.somebody B．anybody C．anything D．something 13．A.demand B．recommend C．command D．determine 14．A.girls B．adultsC．kids D．boys15．A.enjoy B．hateC．avoid D．regret16．A.model B．standardC．way D．style17．A.girlfriend B．boyfriend C．degree D．job18．A.attracted B．opposed C．exposed D．accustomed 19．A.Rather B．Besides C．Afterwards D．Again20．A.depend on B．decide on C．concentrate on D．agree onBThere was a time when I thought my dad didn't know a thing ab out being a good father.I couldn't __1__ him ever saying the wor ds “I love you”．It seemed to me his only purpose in life was to say “__2__” to anywhere I wanted to go and any thing I wanted t o do，including getting a __3__.Some parents bought their kids cars w hen they got their driver's licenses.__4__ my dad—he said that I'd have to get a job and buy my own.So that's what I did.I got a job at a very nice restaurant and __5 __ every penny I could.And when I had enough to buy my car，I __6__！The day I brought that car home，my dad was the first one I wanted to show it __7__ to.“Look，dad，a car of my own.If you ever want a ride，I'll only __8__ you five dollars.” I offered with a smile.“I see，” was all he said.One day，there was something wrong with my father's truck.So he neede d a __9__ to work.The sun wasn't even up when we left the hou se，__10__ it was already getting warm out.It was going to be a __1 1__ day.As I dropped my dad off，I __12__ him，dressed in his work clothes，getting his __13__ from the trunk(尾箱)of my car.Watching his sunweathered face，and even from a distance I could tell there were __14__ lines th an I ever remembered being there before.I realized how hard m y dad had worked for his family.My father was a cement filnishe r(水泥修整工)．In that instant，it __15__ to me that he actually got down on his hands and knees to sweat over hot concrete to make a living for his family.And he did this __16__，no matter how hot it got.Never，not once，had I heard him __17__ about it.To him we were “worth” it.And never once did he “charge” us for it.When he closed the trunk，his tools set off to the side，he walked over to my window to __18__ me five dollars.I rolled down the window and said “Goodbye，dad.Keep your five dollars.It's __19__ me.Don't work too hard.I l ove you.”His eyes met mine，and then glanced away in the direction of his waiting tools.He cl eared his __20__ and said，“Oh，and...me，too.”1．A.like B．rememberC．forget D．care2．A.Sorry B．YesC．No D．Good3．A.car B．friendC．job D．bus4．A.So B．AsC．Not D．Even5．A.spent B．earnedC．kept D．saved 6．A.did B．changed C．stopped D．was 7．A.out B．inC．up D．off 8．A.pay B．charge C．offer D．accept 9．A.ride B．leave C．trip D．hurry 10．A.as B．although C．but D．since 11．A.ordinary B．hot C．work D．special 12．A.helped B．followed C．left D．watched 13．A.tools B．clothes C．luggage D．bag 14．A.fewer B．more C．longer D．deeper 15．A.happened B．seemedC．occurred D．appeared16．A.now and then B．day and night C．all the time D．day in and day out 17．A.talk B．complainC．ask D．speak18．A.hand B．passC．lend D．take19．A.for B．atC．on D．in20．A.hands B．eyesC．throat D．clothesC(2012安徽师大附中一模)He drove after drinking alcohol，having a severe accident and had to get his arms removed.Sinc e then，he has had to __1__ on his younger brother，who became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.Except for writing with his toe s，he was totally unable to do __2__ else.As the two brothers grew up together，they had their own problems and would often __3__.Finally，his younger brother went away and lived __4__，leaving him heartbroken and at a loss what to do.__5__，a misfortune befell(降临)a girl.One night she was preparing dinner when the kerosen e light on the stove was overturned，__6__ in a fire which took her hands away.Having decidedly __7 __ her sister's willingness to help her，she determined to be thoroughly __8__.At school，she always studied hard.Most of all she learned to be selfreliant .“I am lucky.__9__ my arms are broken，my heart can still fly，” she wrote in her blog.One day，the young man and the girl were both invited to a(n)__10__ prog ramme.The boy told the television hostess about his __11__ fut ure，whereas the girl was full of __12__ for her life.They were both a sked to write something on a piece of paper with their __13__.T he boy：My younger brother's arms are my arms.The girl：Broken wings，flying heart.They had both gone through the same ordeal(痛苦经历)，but their different __14__ determined the nature of their lives.As seems the case，__15__ disasters can strike our life at any time.How you handle the __16__ when faced with it is the true __17__ of your charact er.If you choose to __18__ or escape from the ordeal，it will follow you wherever you go.But if you decide to be strong ，the __19__ will turn out to be a fortune on which new __20__ will arise.1．A.live B．standC．rely D．assist2．A.something B．everything C．nothing D．anything3．A.quarrel B．shareC．support D．dislike4．A.happily B．lonelyC．separately D．disappointedly 5．A.Unfortunately B．Unexpectedly C．Similarly D．Naturally6．A.leading B．bringingC．causing D．resulting7．A.turned to B．turned down C．turned off D．turned against8．A.alone B．free C．independent D．successful 9．A.Though B．Unless C．Whether D．Since 10．A.interview B．radio C．sports D．health 11．A.hopeful B．uncertain C．bright D．miserable 12．A.calmness B．enthusiasm C．patience D．excitement 13．A.hands B．strength C．toes D．mouths 14．A.characters B．desires C．opinions D．attitudes 15．A.unexpected B．passive C．rough D．serious 16．A.emergency B．misfortune C．difficulty D．accident 17．A.test B．reflection C．display D．problem18．A.ignore B．resistC．complain D．suffer19．A.problem B．resultC．failure D．hardship20．A.solutions B．waysC．rewards D．hopes2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版AHi Cindy，Please don't worry if you feel a little strange around boys.You are in the process of __1__ from a little girl into a young woman and there are __2__ called hormones(荷尔蒙)that are changing not only your body but your __3__.For example，you say you used to feel at ease __4__ boys and you would usually run and fight one another fo r __5__.That was Cindy，the little girl.Cindy，the __6__ woman，doesn't want to fight with boys or even run with them __7__ your interests are changing.That is what is making you feel strange and it is also __8__ to the other girls around you and also to the boys.Your life is __9__ a different stage but you should understand that this is __10__ normal，and something that will pass quickly.I think you should try again to __11__ around boys.You can still talk with them about __12__you like including sports，movies，websites and celebrities(名人)．I __13__ that you not try to fight with them，however，because the __14__ are becoming much bigger and stronger.I think you will find that you will __ 15__ being with boys but that your feelings will be different from the __16__ they used to be.I kn ow you are not supposed to have a __17__ while you are still in school in China，but if you start to find some boys very handsome and you are strongly __18__ to some of them ，don't be surprised.__19__，this is all very normal.For now，you should __20__ your school work，though you will find that some boys are attracted to you.This will be a new adventure for you an d my best advice is to relax and enjoy it.Good luck!Brad1．A.starting B．survivingC．changing D．ranging2．A.cells B．nutritionsC．objects D．chemicals3．A.head B．mindC．life D．study4．A.against B．forC．with D．without5．A.fun B．honourC．good D．praise6．A.brave B．youngC．smart D．unique7．A.before B．whenC．until D．because8．A.referring B．appealingC．happening D．pointing9．A.setting B．enteringC．reflecting D．representing10．A.perfectly B．possiblyC．hardly D．nearly11．A.fight B．foolC．date D．relax12．A.somebody B．anybodyC．anything D．something13．A.demand B．recommendC．command D．determine14．A.girls B．adultsC．kids D．boys15．A.enjoy B．hateC．avoid D．regret16．A.model B．standardC．way D．style17．A.girlfriend B．boyfriendC．degree D．job18．A.attracted B．opposedC．exposed D．accustomed19．A.Rather B．BesidesC．Afterwards D．Again20．A.depend on B．decide onC．concentrate on D．agree onBThere was a time when I thought my dad didn't know a thing about being a good father.I couldn' t __1__ him ever saying the words “I love you”．It seemed to me his only purpose in life was to say “__2__” to anywhere I wanted to go and any thing I wanted to do，including getting a __3__.Some parents bought their kids cars when they got their driver's licens es.__4__ my dad—he said that I'd have to get a job and buy my own.So that's what I did.I got a job at a very nice restaurant and __5__ every penny I could.And whe n I had enough to buy my car，I __6__！The day I brought that car home，my dad was the first one I wanted to show it __7__ to.“Look，dad，a car of my own.If you ever want a ride，I'll only __8__ you five dollars.” I offered with a smile.“I see，” was all he said.One day，there was something wrong with my father's truck.So he needed a __9__ to work.The sun wasn' t even up when we left the house，__10__ it was already getting warm out.It was going to be a __11__ day.As I dropped my dad off ，I __12__ him，dressed in his work clothes，getting his __13__ from the trunk(尾箱)of my car.Watching his sunweathered face，and even from a distance I could tell there were __14__ lines than I ever remembered being ther e before.I realized how hard my dad had worked for his family.My father was a cement filnisher(水泥修整工)．In that instant，it __15__ to me that he actually got down on his hands and knees to sweat over hot concrete to make a living for his family.And he did this __16__，no matter how hot it got.Never，not once，had I heard him __17__ about it.To him we were “worth” it.And never once did he “charge” us fo r it.When he closed the trunk，his tools set off to the side，he walked over to my window to __18__ me five dollars.I rolled down the window and said “Goo dbye，dad.Keep your five dollars.It's __19__ me.Don't work too hard.I love you.”His eyes met mine，and then glanced away in the direction of his waiting tools.He cleared his __20__ and said，“Oh，and...me，too.”1．A.like B．rememberC．forget D．care2．A.Sorry B．YesC．No D．Good3．A.car B．friendC．job D．bus4．A.So B．AsC．Not D．Even5．A.spent B．earnedC．kept D．saved6．A.did B．changedC．stopped D．was7．A.out B．inC．up D．off8．A.pay B．chargeC．offer D．accept9．A.ride B．leaveC．trip D．hurry10．A.as B．althoughC．but D．since11．A.ordinary B．hotC．work D．special12．A.helped B．followedC．left D．watched13．A.tools B．clothesC．luggage D．bag14．A.fewer B．moreC．longer D．deeper15．A.happened B．seemedC．occurred D．appeared16．A.now and then B．day and nightC．all the time D．day in and day out17．A.talk B．complainC．ask D．speak18．A.hand B．passC．lend D．take19．A.for B．atC．on D．in20．A.hands B．eyesC．throat D．clothesC(2012安徽师大附中一模)He drove after drinking alcohol，having a severe accident and had to get his arms removed.Since then，he has had to __1__ on his younger brother，who became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.Except for writing with his toes，he was totally unable to do __2__ else.As the two brothers grew up together，they had their own problems and would often __3__.Finally，his younger brother went away and lived __4__，leaving him heartbroken and at a loss what to do.__5__，a misfortune befell(降临)a girl.One night she was preparing dinner when the kerosene light on the stove was overturn ed，__6__ in a fire which took her hands away.Having decidedly __7__ her sister's willingness to hel p her，she determined to be thoroughly __8__.At school，she always studied hard.Most of all she learned to be selfreliant.“I am lucky.__9__ my arms are broken，my heart can still fly，” she wrote in her blog.One day，the young man and the girl were both invited to a(n)__10__ programme.The boy told the televisi on hostess about his __11__ future，whereas the girl was full of __12__ for her life.They were both asked to write something on a pie ce of paper with their __13__.The boy：My younger brother's arms are my arms.The girl：Broken wings，flying heart.They had both gone through the same ordeal(痛苦经历)，but their different __14__ determined the nature of their lives.As seems the case，__15__ disasters can strike our life at any time.How you handle the __16__ when faced with it is the true __17__ of your character.If you choose to __18__ or escape from the ordeal，it will follow you wherever you go.But if you decide to be strong，the __19__ will turn out to be a fortune on which new __20__ will arise.1．A.live B．standC．rely D．assist2．A.something B．everythingC．nothing D．anything3．A.quarrel B．shareC．support D．dislike4．A.happily B．lonelyC．separately D．disappointedly5．A.Unfortunately B．UnexpectedlyC．Similarly D．Naturally 6．A.leading B．bringing C．causing D．resulting 7．A.turned to B．turned down C．turned off D．turned against 8．A.alone B．free C．independent D．successful 9．A.Though B．Unless C．Whether D．Since 10．A.interview B．radio C．sports D．health 11．A.hopeful B．uncertain C．bright D．miserable 12．A.calmness B．enthusiasm C．patience D．excitement 13．A.hands B．strength C．toes D．mouths 14．A.characters B．desires C．opinions D．attitudes 15．A.unexpected B．passive C．rough D．serious 16．A.emergency B．misfortune C．difficulty D．accident 17．A.test B．reflection C．display D．problem 18．A.ignore B．resist C．complain D．suffer 19．A.problem B．result C．failure D．hardship20．A.solutions B．ways C．rewards D．hopes。
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2013年高考第二轮复习英语山东版六、动词的时态和语态真题试做1．(2012山东高考，28)After Jack had sent some emails, he ______ working on his project.A．had started B．has startedC．started D．starts2．(2011山东高考，31)When I got on the bus，I ______ I had left my wallet at home.A．was realizing B．realizedC．have realized D．would realize3．(2011山东高考，35)She was surprised to find the fridge empty；the children ______ everything!A．had been eating B．had eatenC．have eaten D．have been eating4．(2010山东高考，30)Up to now，the program ______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A．would save B．savesC．had saved D．has saved考向分析从历年高考试题看，涉及时态和语态的题目最多，且每年题目数量相对稳定。
测试重点主要是以下几个方面：1．注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别，如一般过去时与现在完成时、一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时的区别等。
要求准确判断动作和时间的关系，正确理解时间概念，如是现在、过去还是将来，是时间段、时间点还是时间瞬间。
2．遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，考查在状语从句等特定语言环境中时态的代替。
要求吃透语境，摸清命题人的意图，善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，克服汉语式的惯性思维。
3．把语态与时态结合在一起，进行综合考查。
各种常用时态的被动语态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一，而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽，试题难度呈现加大的趋势。
要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系，分清是主动还是被动。
4．考查主动形式表示被动意义。
对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用。
热点例析考点一：现在进行时和过去进行时的用法1．现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作，也可表示长期或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行；过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作或状态，也可表示一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。
如：We are waiting for you.When I got to the top of the mountain，the sun was shining.2．进行时常与always/constantly/continually，frequently等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有主观色彩。
如：You are always changing your mind.3．下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。
(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词：know，realize，think，see，believe，trust，suppose，imagine，guess，agree，recognize，remember，want，need，forget，prefer，mean，understand，like，love，hate，care，mind，wish等。
(2)表示存在、状态的动词：have，own，appear，belong，possess，cost，exist，lie，include，contain，remain，seem等。
(3)表示一时性动作的动词：accept，receive，complete，finish，give，allow，permit，decide，promise，admit，complete，refuse等。
(4)表示感官的动词：see，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look等。
【典例分析】 (2011辽宁高考，28)I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ______.A．was doing B．am doingC．have done D．had been doing答案为B项。
句意：一完成手头的工作我就去图书馆。
根据主句和时间状语从句中的时态排除表示过去的A项和D项；根据句意排除表示完成的C项；正确答案为B项，表示正在进行。
(2012四川高考，9)—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry.I ______a text message just now.A．had answered B．have answeredC．would answer D．was answering答案为D项。
由问句“你听到我说的话了吗”可知是过去的动作；答语意为“对不起。
我刚才在回一条短信”。
根据句意及时间状语just now可知，回短信的动作正好是发生在问话人说话的那一时间点，即表示过去某一时间点正在发生的动作，故用过去进行时。
考点二：一般过去时和现在完成时的区别1．当有表示具体过去时间的状语(包括when)时，主句用一般过去时。
如：When I was a child，I often played football in the street.2．当有表示一段时间的状语，如for和since表示时间时，主句用现在完成时，强调到现在为止所做的事情或过去所做之事对现在的影响。
如：They have worked here since they left college.3．延续性动词的一般过去时也可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，强调过去一段时间里曾做过某事。
如：He learned English for three years.他曾经学过三年英语。
(只是强调过去学过) He has learned English for three years.他学英语三年了。
(到现在为止是3年，强调对现在的影响)4．用already/yet/just/ever/never这些副词作状语时，常用现在完成时。
如：Have you finished your homework yet?5．若单纯谈论过去的动作，用一般过去时；若谈论一件已发生的事情，不考虑它是什么时候发生的，而主要考虑对现在的影响时用现在完成时。
如：I saw this film yesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了)I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了)【典例分析】 (2012江苏高考，34)The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he ______.A．has started B．startsC．started D．will start答案为C项。
根据句意判断“开始当总统”是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。
(2012江西高考，26)—Look！Somebody ______ the sofa.—Well，it wasn't me.I didn't do it.A．is cleaning B．was cleaningC．has cleaned D．had cleaned答案为C项。
根据“Look！”一词可判断，此处强调现在的结果是“有人把沙发清理干净了”，所以用现在完成时。
考点三：一般过去时和过去完成时的区别1．一般过去时通常与具体过去时间状语连用；即使没有时间状语，根据具体的语言环境，我们也可以作出明确的判断。
2．过去完成时是一种相对的时态，表示在过去某时刻之前发生。
时间参照点与一般过去时不同，一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言，过去完成时则是与过去某一时刻而言的，即“过去的过去”。
如：When the police arrived，the thieves had run away.【典例分析】 (2012重庆高考，22)— Kevin，you look worried.Anything wrong?— Well，I ______ a test and I'm waiting for the result.A．will take B．tookC．had taken D．take答案为B项。
由第二句中“I'm waiting for the result”可知，考试发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
句意：—凯文，你看起来很焦虑，有什么事吗？—哦，我考了一次试，现在正在等结果。
故选B项。
(2012江苏高考，32)The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he ______ some European business partners.A．would meet B．is meetingC．meets D．had met答案为D项。
分析句意可知，经理已从巴黎回来了，遇到一些欧洲的生意合作伙伴是回来之前的事情，所以应用过去完成时表示“过去之过去”。
考点四：现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别1．现在完成时侧重结果，强调动作到现在为止已经结束；现在完成进行时侧重动作本身，不涉及后果，动作可能仍在继续。
如：I have read the book.(已读完)I have been reading the book.(仍在继续)2．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复；现在完成时则常常不带重复性。
如：Have you been meeting her lately？(经常相见)Have you met her lately？(不重复发生)3．现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩；而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情色彩可言。
如：Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly.(显然是在表扬玛丽)Recently Mary has done her homework regularly.(只说明一个事实)【典例分析】 (2012浙江高考，16)—Alvin，are you coming with us?—I'd love to，but something unexpected ______.A．has come up B．was coming upC．had come up D．would come up答案为A项。