八年级单元检测题参考答案
部编版八年级语文上册第三单元检测试题及答案
部编版八年级语文上册第三单元检测试题及答案试题满分120分,考试时间120分钟题号一二三总分得分一.积累运用(25分)1．下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是( )(2分)A．曦月(xī) 经纶(lún) 纤云(qiān) 轩,邈(miǎo)B．十仞(rèn) 沿溯(shù) 藻荇(xìng) 驱犊(dú)C．燕然(yān) 横柯(kē) 素湍(tuān) 缥碧(piǎo)D戾天(lì) 飞漱(shù) 萋萋(qī) 千转(zhuǎn)2．下列加点词解释全都正确的一项是( )(2分)A．夕日欲颓(坠落) 鸢飞戾天者(叫)但少闲人如吾两人者耳(只是)B．不见曦月(日光,文中指太阳) 从流飘荡(跟.随)相与步于中庭(共同,一起)C．未复有能与其奇者(和) 良多趣味(甚,很)蝉则千转不穷(同"啭",鸟鸣,文中指蝉鸣)D．四时俱备(都) 夹岸高山,皆生寒树(寒冷的树)念无与为乐者(考虑,想到)3．下列各句朗读节奏划分有误的一项是( )(2分)A．夕日/欲颓,沉鳞/竞跃.B．虽乘奔/御风,不以/疾也.C．自富阳/至桐庐/一百许里.D．庭下/如/积水空明,水中/藻.荇交横.4．下列有关文学常识的表述有误的一项是( )(2分)A．《三峡》选自《水经注疏》.作者郦道元,字善长,北魏地理学家.B．《与朱元思书》选自《艺文类聚》.作者吴均,南朝梁文学家,本文是吴均写给友人的信的一部分.C．《使至塞上》作者王维,字摩诘.唐代诗人,有"诗佛"之称.苏轼评价其:"味摩诘之诗,诗中有画；观摩诘之画,画中有诗."D．《记承天寺夜游》作者苏轼,,号东坡居士,北宋文学家.他与韩愈.柳宗元.孟浩然.王安石.苏洵.苏辙.曾巩并称为"唐宋八大家".5．默写填空.(12分)(1)相顾无相识,________________.(王绩《野望》)(2)________________,芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲.(崔颢《黄鹤楼》)(3)________________,长河落日圆.(王维《使至塞上》)(4)庭下如积水空明,水中藻.荇交横,________________.(苏轼《记承天寺夜游》)(5)李白《渡荆门送别》中"________________,________________"两句用游动的视角来描写景物的变化.(6)白居易《钱塘湖春行》中从植物变化的角度写景的诗句是:________________,________________.(7),路远莫致之.(《庭中有奇树》)(8),壮心不已.(曹操《龟虽寿》)(9),松柏有本性.(刘桢《赠从弟(其二)》)(10)妻子象禽兽,.(曹植《梁甫行》)6．名著阅读填空(3分)在《红星照耀中国》中,斯诺探求了发生的背景.发生的原因.他判断由于的宣传和行动,使穷人和受压迫者对国家.社会与个人有了必须行动起来的新的信念.该书充满了国际主义精神.加拿大医生不远万里来到中国,支持中国的革命事业,不幸的是在一次战役中因细菌感染而献出了生命.7.文学常识改错.(2分)律诗是近体诗的一种,通常规定每首八句,每两句成一联,计四联,依次为颔联.首联.颈联.尾联.每首的三.四联的上下句必须是对偶的.二.阅读理解(45分)(一)(一)阅读下面的古诗,完成8--10题.(6分)使至塞上王维单车欲问边,属国过居延.征蓬出汉塞,归雁入胡天.大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆.萧关逢候骑,都护在燕然.8.首联中的"单车"一词应作何解释?(2分)9.诗人睹物生情,把自己比作""和"",流露出诗人被排挤出朝廷的孤独.惆怅.郁闷之情.(2分)10.对这首诗理解不正确的一项是()(2分)A.全诗叙写了出使的路线,沿途看到的风光以及听到候骑报告的前线情况,内容与题目紧紧相扣.B.诗人以传神的笔墨刻画了明媚秀丽的塞外风光,其中"大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆"两句,更是脍炙人口的千古名句.C."直""圆"两字精练传神,线条简约,描绘的景物不多,但画面开阔.意境雄浑,充分体现了王维诗歌"诗中有画"的特色.D."都护在燕然"和前面的"属国过居延"遥相呼应,点明了诗人此次出使路途之远.(二)阅读《三峡》一文,回答11——15题(10分)自三峡七百里中,两岸连山,略无阙处.重岩叠嶂,隐天蔽日,自非亭午夜分,不见曦月.至于夏水襄陵,沿溯阻绝.或王命急宣,有时朝发白帝,暮到江陵,其间千二百里,虽乘奔御风,不以疾也.春冬之时,则素湍绿潭,回清倒影,绝多生怪柏,悬泉瀑布,飞漱其间,清荣峻茂,良多趣味.每至晴初霜旦,林寒涧肃,常有高猿长啸,属引凄异,空谷传响,哀转久绝.故渔者歌曰:"巴东三峡巫峡长,猿鸣三声泪沾裳."11．解释下列语句中加点词的意思.(2分)(1)略无阙处____________ (2)沿溯阻绝____________(3)虽乘奔御风____________ (4)属引凄异____________12．用现代汉语翻译下列句子.(2分)(1)自非亭午夜分,不见曦月.(2)空谷传响,哀转久绝.13．阅读文中画线的语句,发挥你的想象,用自己的话描述"清荣峻茂"在脑海中呈现出的是怎样一幅画面.(2分)14．作者笔下三峡的山.水各有什么特点?请简要概括.(2分)15.试默写李白的诗《早发白帝城》(2分)(三)阅读陶弘景的《答谢中书书》,回答16——19题(8分)山川之美,古来共谈.高峰入云,清流见底.两岸石壁,五色交辉.青林翠竹,四时俱备.晓雾将歇,猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓,沉鳞竞跃.实是欲界之仙都.自康乐以来,未复有能与其奇者.16．解释下列加点的词语.(2分)(1)答谢中书书____________ (2)晓雾将歇____________(3)实是欲界之仙都____________ (4)未复有能与其奇者____________17．将下列句子翻译成现代汉语.(2分)(1)两岸石壁,五色交辉.(2)夕日欲颓,沉鳞竞跃.18．下面对文章理解与分析不正确的一项是( )(2分)A．"山川之美,古来共谈"文章感慨起笔,囊括了山水,纵览了古今.B．"高峰入云,清流见底",极力描写山之高,水之清,突出了山水映衬之美.C．"猿鸟乱鸣",突出了猿.鸟的鸣叫传入耳际,繁多杂乱.D．"两岸石壁,五色交辉.青林翠竹,四时俱备"描绘出众彩纷呈,绚丽动人的景象.19．这篇短文表达了作者怎样的思想感情?(2分)(四)阅读【甲】【乙】两文,完成20——23题.(10分)【甲】风烟俱净,天山共色.从流飘荡,任意东西.自富阳至桐庐一百许里,奇山异水,天下独绝.水皆缥碧,千丈见底.游鱼细石,直视无碍.急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔.夹岸高山,皆生寒树,负势竞上,互相轩邈,争高直指,千百成峰.泉水激石,泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣,嘤嘤成韵.蝉则千转不穷,猿则百叫无绝.鸢飞戾天者,望峰息心；经纶世务者,窥谷忘反.横柯上蔽,在昼犹昏；疏条交映,有时见日. (吴均《与朱元思书》)【乙】仆去月谢病,还觅薜萝①.梅溪②之西,有石门山者,森壁争霞,孤峰限日③；幽岫④含云,深溪蓄翠；蝉吟鹤唳,水响猿啼,英英相杂,绵绵成韵.既素重⑤幽居,遂葺宇其上.幸富菊花,偏饶竹实⑥.山谷所资,于斯已办.仁智之乐,岂徒语哉! (吴均《与顾章书》)【注】①还觅薜萝:意思是正准备隐居.薜萝,都是植物名.屈原《楚辞》:"若有人兮山之阿,被薜荔兮带女萝."后以此代指隐士的服饰.②梅溪:山名,在今浙江安吉境内.③限日:遮挡阳光.④幽岫:幽深的山穴.⑤重:向往.⑥竹实:又名竹米,状如小麦.文中指隐士所食之物.20．解释下列加点的词在文中的意思.(2分)(1)互相轩邈____________ (2)窥谷忘反____________(3)蝉吟鹤唳____________ (4)岂徒语哉____________21．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子.(4分)(1)急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔.(2)山谷所资,于斯已办.22．甲乙两文都运用了"化静为动"的手法,请找出相关语句并加以简要分析.(2分)23．这两篇山水小品文都抒发了作者怎样的思想感情?(2分)(五)阅读下面文言文,回答24——题(11分)冷泉亭记东南山水,余杭郡为最；就郡言,灵隐寺为尤；由寺观,冷泉亭为甲.亭在山下水中央,寺西南隅.高不倍的人,与出家人相对.24.下面句子朗读节奏划分不正确的一项是( )(2分)A.余杭郡／为最B.而／撮奇得要C.吾／爱其泉渟渟D.可垂钓于／枕上25.解释文中加点词的意思.(3分)(1)尤( ) (2) 隅( ) (3)辄( )26.翻译文中画线句子.(4分)(1)坐而玩之者,可濯足于床下.(2)斯所以最余杭而甲灵隐也.27.选文描写的对象是冷泉亭,为什么文章一开始要写余杭郡.灵隐寺呢?(2分)三.写作表达(50分)28.你留意过自己的窗外的景色吗?或许是车水马龙的道路,或许是花木茂盛的园圃,或许是小伙伴们玩耍的场地……以《窗外》为题,写一篇不少于600字的文章.参考答案一1.C2.B3.B(虽/乘奔御风,不以/疾也)4.D("孟浩然"应改为欧阳修)5.(1)长歌怀采薇 (2)晴川历历汉阳树 (3)大漠孤烟直 (4)盖竹柏影也 (5)山随平野尽 江入大荒流 (6)乱花渐欲迷人眼 浅草才能没马蹄(7) 馨香盈怀袖(8)烈士暮年(9)岂不罹凝寒(10)行止依林阻6.中国革命.中国共产党白求恩7.首联.颔联二.三联二.(一)8."单车"指一辆车,表明此次出使随从不多,轻车简行.9.征蓬归雁10.B(B项中"明媚秀丽"表述有误,应是雄浑寥廓的塞外风光.)(二)11.(1)同"缺",空隙.缺口 (2)逆流而上 (3)文中指飞奔的马 (4)连接12.(1)如果不是正午就看不见太阳,如果不是半夜就看不见月亮.(2)空旷的山谷传来猿啼的回声,声音悲凉婉转,很久很久才消失.13.每当春冬之际,三峡的景象格外美丽,江水滔滔,鱼儿在其中欢唱,树木茂盛不受拘束任意生长,山势高耸,青草茂盛,色彩鲜艳生机勃勃.14.写"山",突出连绵不断,遮天蔽日的特点(连绵高峻)；写"水",突出夏季水流汹涌(或壮美),春冬之水的清澈(或秀美).15.略(三)16.(1)书信 (2)消散 (3)指人间 (4)参与.文中有欣赏.领悟的意思17.(1)两岸的石壁色彩斑斓,交相辉映.(2)夕阳快要落山了,水中潜游的鱼争相跳出水面.18.C("乱"文中应该是"此起彼伏",不是"繁多杂乱")19.表达了作者沉醉于山水的愉悦之情,能够与古今山水知音共赏美景的得意之感.(四)20.(1)往高处远处伸展 (2)同"返",返回 (3)叫 (4)难道21.(1)湍急的流水好像比箭还快,凶猛的波浪好像飞奔的快马.(2)山谷中(隐居生活)所需要的物品,在这里已经具备.22.甲文:"负势竞上,互相轩邈,争高直指,千百成峰."分析:活灵活现地写出了树之高,山之奇.乙文:"森壁争霞,孤峰限日；幽岫含云,深溪蓄翠."分析:生动形象地展现了山之高,水之绿.23.抒发了作者喜爱美好的大自然和避世退隐的高洁情趣.(意近即可)(五)24.D25.(1)突出.优异(2)角落(3)就26.(1)你坐着玩赏,可用亭椅下清泉洗脚.(2)这就是我认为冷泉亭是余杭郡最幽美的地方,是灵隐寺最好的去处的原因啊.27.用著名的景观衬托不知名的景点,以突出冷泉亭这一胜景.四28.略。
仁爱版英语八年级上册Unit1Topic1单元检测试题及答案
仁爱版英语八年级上册Unit1Topic1单元检测试题及答案单元检测试题及答案一、单项选择题1. A: Hello, may I speak to Tom?B:______ . He is not at home at the moment.A. Yes, pleaseB. Yes, who are youC. No, you can'tD. Sorry, he is not in2. — ______ do you watch TV every day?— I watch TV for two hours.A. How oftenB. How longC. How muchD. How far3. — Is Mr. Brown in the office now?— No, his meeting ______ at 4:00 p.m. and it's 4:30 now.A. beginsB. beganC. will beginD. has begun4. ______ you like animals?A. DoB. DidC. AreD. Will5. — Where's the post office?— ______ the library and the supermarket.A. BehindB. BetweenC. In front ofD. Next to6. — Do you know how to fix the computer?— Yes, I ______ it many times before.A. fixB. fixedC. will fixD. have fixed7. — What does your father do?— He is a doctor in the _______ hospital in town.A. most bigB. biggestC. biggerD. big8. The ______ car is ______ expensive than the blue car.A. red; mostB. red; moreC. more red; mostD. redder; the most9. ______ an important meeting at school tomorrow morning?A. Will there haveB. Will it haveC. Will there beD. There will have10. — ______ they go to Shanghai?— They ______ .A. Have; haveB. Do; doC. Did; didD. Will; will二、完形填空题Quentin was six years old. He had a very small 1 . His house was small, too. His family was poor. But his mother was a basketball player. His father was a 2 . The children in the neighborhood made fun of 3 . They said his mother was tall and his father was fat. Quentin didn't like this. He had a 4 friend. Her name was Lucy. She was a fat 5 . Her mother baked bread. Oneday, Lucy 6 Quentin to her house. “Quentin, some kids say bad 7 about you, but you're my best friend.” Then she smiled and said, “ 8 are two cookies. They're 9 . You can have one and I can have the other. So, we can 10 friends!”1. A. friend B. finger C. leg D. foot2. A. baker B. teacher C. singer D. doctor3. A. him B. her C. them D. you4. A. bad B. good C. big D. small5. A. girl B. boy C. man D. woman6. A. played B. called C. told D. asked7. A. words B. food C. bread D. cars8. A. There B. These C. Here D. Those9. A. ugly B. delicious C. good D. awful10. A. does B. eats C. makes D. stays三、阅读理解题APaul is thirteen years old. He likes swimming. He usually goes swimming after school. Now he is in Sanya with his family and friends. Every summer, Paul comes here for vacation. Today, he is swimming in the sea. His father is sitting under an umbrella. He is watching Paul. Paul's mother is reading a book. The water is clean and blue. “Look! There is aboat in the sea,” says Paul. “Yes, I see it. Let's go and have a ride,” his father answers. “Oh, great! Let's go,” says Paul. They go to the boat and have a good time in the sea.11. How old is Paul?A. Ten.B. Eleven.C. Twelve.D. Thirteen.12. Where is Paul now?A. In Sanya.B. In Beijing.C. In Shanghai.D. In Guangzhou.13. What is Paul's father doing?A. Swimming.B. Watching Paul.C. Reading a book.D. Sitting under an umbrella.14. What does Paul's mother do?A. She is swimming.B. She is watching Paul.C. She is reading a book.D. She is sitting under an umbrella.15. What are Paul and his father going to do?A. They are going to have a ride.B. They are going to have dinner.C. They are going to swimming.D. They are going to Sanya.四、词汇运用题A) 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词16. My grandfather usually w______ up very early in the morning.17. They have a new math t______ this term.18. The box is too heavy. Can you h______ me, please?19. There is a basketball m______ over there. Do you want to play with me?20. Amy needs some help with her English; she often makes manyg______ in her writing.B) 用所给动词的正确形式填空21. Liu Tao usually ______ (play) basketball after school.22. My father can ______ (fix) the computer. He is good at it.23. Look! They ______ (swim) in the river.24. Our English teacher is very nice. She always ______ (give) us some interesting activities.25. Peter ______ (watch) TV from 7 to 9 every evening.五、任务型阅读题Albert Einstein was a famous scientist. He was born in Germany in 1879. When he was young, he didn't like school. He didn't go to school until he was seven. But he asked many questions. His teachers didn't like him. They thought he was a crazy boy. Einstein was very smart. He liked to think about a lot of things. He wanted to know many things. He wanted to know why things happened. He didn't want to know only his books. By thinking and thinking, he knew a lot of things that others didn't know. He knew more than his teachers. He didn't listen to what other people said. Other people didn't like him. But he was happy. Later he went to Switzerland. He was aprofessor there. He taught many students. They all liked him very much. People all over the world now know his theory of relativity.26. Who was Albert Einstein?________________________________________27. What didn't he like when he was young?________________________________________28. Why didn't his teachers like him?________________________________________29. Where did he teach later?________________________________________30. What is his famous theory called?________________________________________答案：一、1-5 DABCA 6-10 DCCAA二、1-5 BCCBB 6-10 DCADA三、11-15 DABCA四、A) 16. wakes 17. teacher 18. help 19. court 20. mistakesB) 21. plays 22. fix 23. are swimming 24. gives 25. watches五、26. He was a famous scientist.27. He didn't like school.28. Because he asked many questions and he liked to think about a lot of things.29. He taught in Switzerland.30. His theory is called the theory of relativity.。
八年级上册英语单元检测题及答案
八年级上册英语单元检测题及答案The manuscript can be freely edited and modified新版八年级上英语测试题Unit 4I.根据句意和首字母提示补全单词..10分1.Parents play a r in their children’s lives.2.We should take these problems s .3.The supermarket超市 is always c on weekends.4.The twins have one things in c .5.Liu Qian is a popular m from Taiwan.6.Bill Gates比尔盖茨 often helps the p in America.7.The winner in the talent show will get a good p .ually she watches TV in her c sofa at night.9.Please take the medicine药 before the m .10.Tom is a bad worker; but Jim is even w than him.II.用所给单词的适当形式填空..10分1.thanks for tell me.2.He is much better than others at find the most interesting roles.3.Dumpling House is cheap restaurant in the city.4.Some students in our school are truly talent.5.It’s always interesting watch people show their talents.6.She is good at show her talent.7.However;not everybody enjoys watch these shows.8.The people who watch the show usually play a role in decide the winner.9.He finished read the novel yesterday.10. Which city is _________ beautiful;Beijing; Shanghai or HangzhouIII.根据汉语提示;完成英语句子..6分1.所有这些节目都有一个共同点..All these shows have one thing .2.那由你来决定..That’s you to decide.3.才艺演出变得越来越受欢迎..Talent shows are getting popular.4.学生应该认真对待考试..Students should the exams .5.他们在决定谁是获胜者方面发挥着作用..They in deciding the winner. IV.句型转换12分1. Jim is taller than the other two.改为同义句Jim is _________ _________ of the three.2.I think Miller’s is the best.改为否定句I Miller’s is the best.3.What do you think of 970 AM同义句970AM4.Which cinema is near the post office同义句Which cinema is the post office5.What’s the price of the ticket同义句is the ticket6.Movie World has big screens. Town Cinema has bigger screens.合并为一句Town Cinema has screens Movie World.7.His home is only five minutes by bus.提问is his home8.Green World Park is the most crowded place because almost everyone goes there to see the street performers.提问Green World Park the most place9.The tall boy wins the show.同义句The the show is the boy.10.Michael is taller than any other student in his class.同义句Michael is in his class.V.选择填空25分1.— is it from your home —10 minutes by bus.A.How longB.How farC.What timeD.When2.The girl sings .A.beautiful;beautifulB.beautifully;beautifullyC.beautiful;beautifullyD.beautiffully;beautiful3.Sun Cinema is Center Street. A.on B.inC.atD.of4.China is one of in the world.rger countryrger countriesC.the largest countriesrgest country5.What do you this new watchA.think atB.think ofC.think overD.think hard6.We hope life can get .A.best and bestB.better and betterC.good and goodD.well and well7.We should study hard to make our dream .Ae over Be back Ce true De up8.You can get a big plate of dumplings only five yuanat Dumpling House.A.forB.onC.ofD.about9. English is my favorite subject; and I am good _________ it.A. forB. to C; at D. of10.All these talent shows have one thing _________ comcmon.A. onB. inC. atD. for11.Our teacher asked us to_ _________ a story about the moon.A. make upB. make ofC. make inD. make out12.It’s fun _________ the talent show.A. watch B; to watch C; watched D. watches13.There are _________ school things in the store.A. a kind ofB. kind ofC. different kind ofD. allkinds of14.Do you enjoy_ _________ English storiesA. read B; to read C. reading D. reads15. His dog is lost. He is_ _________ it .A. looking forB. findingC. finding outD.looking at16.The students should take the exams__________ .A. seriousB. seriouslyC. badD. worse17.—What a nice watch it is —Yes. It’s _________ one ofall.A. expensiveB. more expensiveC. the most expensiveD.much more expensive18.We decide _________ to Beijing tomorrow.A. goingB. goC. to goD. goes19.They make the little boy_ _________ the room every day.A. cleansB. cleanC. to cleanD. cleaning20.Parents play a role in _________ their children.A. teachB. teachesC. to teachD. teaching21.Our city is becoming _________ .A. more and most beautifulB. more beautiful and more beautifulC. more and more beautifulD. beautiful and beautiful22.Which subject is_ _________ of allA. the most interestedB. the most interestingC. the more interestedD. the more interesting23.The Yellow River is the second in China.A.longB.longerC.longestD.longer and longer24.He is better than the others.A.muchB.moreC.lessD.very25.— is the book —Only one dollar.A.How muchB.How manyC.How oftenD.How farVI.完形填空10分It was the last lesson before 1 holidays. The students 2 very happy. Their English teacher was very happy; 3 .The teacher 4 played nice games with them. He sang some nice songs; and then he went to the blackboard and wrote “SMILES”5 it.“This is one of the6 words in English”;he said to the class. The7 class laughed; and then one girl8 and said;“Why is it one of the longest words in English”The teacher said9 for a while. Then he smiled and said;“Because there is a mile between the 10 letter and the last.”1. A. a B. an C. the D. muchB. areC. wasD. wereB. eightC. neitherD. also4. A. a little B. little C. any D. alsoB. onC. inD. in front ofB. longerC. longestD. shortB. eachC. allD. both8. A. stand up B. sit down C. stood up D. lay down9. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everythingB. firstC. twoD. secondVII.阅读理解10分A boy named Jack lived in a small village. One morning; his mother sent him to his uncle's in town. He had a very good time there.Before Jack left in the evening; his uncle gave him a jar and said; “There is some candy in it; you may put your hand into it and take some wh en you want to eat something.”Jack looked at the jar when he was in the train. It had a long and small neck. He put his hand into the jar and took five pieces. But he could not get his hand out. He turned his hand this way and that way; still he could not get his hand out. He turned his hand again. Finally he let go of four pieces. Then he could pull his hand out of the jar.根据短文判断正T误F1.One day Jack's mother sent him to his mother's brother's house.2.The jar with some candy in it had a large neck.3.Jack only stayed in town for a whole day.4.At last Jack only took one piece of candy at a time.5.From this lesson; Jack knew that he himself was too foolish.新版八年级上英语测试题Unit 5I、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词..10分1.I can’t s the music. Please turn off the player.2.Did you hear the n —three boys died in a river this summer3.Jenny is very funny. He often tells j .4.Chen Jingrun is very f scientist on China.5.He often d up like a girl.6.He is very r but his brother is very poor.7.Shaolin Temple少林寺 is an a movie.8.We had a d about TV show in class meeting today.9.I never go to watch the game show because it is m .10.The actor did a good j in the movie.II.用所给单词的适当形式填空..10分1.I can’t stand listen to the noisy music.2.There be some exciting news in today’s newspaper.3.Would you mind open the window4.Did you watch sport show on TV yesterday5.Where do you plan go this Sunday6.Do you want watch the news7.Sally thinks soap operas are educational than sitcoms.8.I hope watch the action movie one day.9.Yao Ming is a success player in NBA.10.I think Xi Yangyang is as famous as Mikey Mouse.III.根据汉语;完成英语句子..10分1.我希望某一天能当一名电视台记着..I a TV reporter .2.它是第一部带有声音和音乐的卡通..It was the first cartoon sound and music.3.雷锋总是乐于助人..Lei Feng was always help others.4.在二十世纪八十代;他就成了一名医生..;he became a doctor.5.我认为这个女演员把木兰角色扮演得很好..I think the actress Mulan’s well.6.她装扮得像个男孩..She like a boy.7.今天他代替王先生给我们上课..He Mr Wang’s to teach us.8.这部电影展示了她对家庭、朋友、国家的热爱..The movie her love her family; friends and country.9.今天人们希望看到的不只是小老鼠打败坏家伙..People today expect to see little mouse fighting bad guys.10.He had many problems 例如makingfriends;losing jobs.IV、句型转换10分1.I hope to find out what’s happening around the world.同义句I hope to find out what’s around the world.2.They may not be very excited.同义句they very excited.3.Do you want to watch the news同义句you to watch the news 4.He never wants to watch a game show; 完成反意问句5.John wants to watch talk shows because they’re enjoyable.对划线部分提问John to watch talk show6.Over 80 years ago;he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat While.同义句80 years ago;he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat While.7.What do you think of talk show同义句do you talk show8.The other cartoons are not as famous as Mickey同义句Mickey is the other cartoons.Mickey is the other cartoons.Mickey is of all the cartoons.V.选择填空25分1.I don’t mind you with your English.A.helpB.to helpC.helpingD.helps2.I can’t stand the terrible TV show.A.watchB.watchingC.to watchD.watched3. That magazine every Monday.Aes out Bes up Ces over Des true4.we should Lei Feng.A.learn fromB.learn withC.learn toD.learn after5.Let’s here;let him there.A.sit;standB.to sit; to standC.to sit;standD.sit;to stand6.She often plans something to help others.A.to doB.doesC.doD.doing7.—What happened you yesterday—I happened meet my old friend;Lucy.A.to;toB.with; toC.to;withD.with;with8.They are trying what is going on around the world.A.look forB.to look forC.to find outD.find out9.Does John want talk showA.to watchB.watchC.watchesD.watchs10. November 18;1978;Mickey became foumas.A.InB.AtC.OnD.Of11. ;he made 87 cartoons with Mickey.A.In 1930sB.In the 1930’sC.In the 1930D.On the 1930s12.Walt Disney made 87 cartoons ;he became .A.successful;successfulB.successfully;successfullyC.successful; successfullyD.successfully;successful13.I saw two an apple when I came by.A.mice;eatingB.mouses;eatingC.mice;ateD.mouses;ate14.Mickey Mouse was the first cartoon sound and music.A.andB.withC.inD.of15.He always tries to face any and met some things.A.danger;dangerousB.danger;dangerC.dangerous;dangerousD.dangerous; danger16.We should eat many fruits apples and oranges.A.for exampleB.such asC.so asD.such like17.There isn’t in today’s newspaper.A.something newB.new somethingC.anything newD.new anything18.Mr Wang didn’t come;so Mrs Wang .A.took him placeB.took his placeC.took of him D;became him19.At the party;Lucy like a Mickey Mouse to makeus .A.dressed up; laughB.dressed up;to laughC.dressed on;laughD.dressed on;to laugh20.I think the actress well.A.did Mulan’s roleB.did Mulan’s wayC.played Mulan’s roleD.played Mulan’s way21.The actors in the movie.A.was goodB.did a good jobC.did goodD.played good22. —I think Boonie Bears熊出没isn’t as as Pleasant Goat喜羊羊.—I agree with you. Boonie Bears is than Pleasant Goat.A.famous;more famousB.famous;less famousC.more famous;less famousD.less famous;more famous23.Kong Fansen is educational movie;most peoplefelt .A.an; excitingB.an;excitedC.a;excitingD.a excited24.—What do you the movie—It is very educational.A.think ofB.likeC.like ofD.think25.Mulan is exciting movie. It comes from old Chinese story.A.an;anB.a;anC.an;aD.a;aVI.完形填空10分Yesterday Princess Eva夏娃公主was happy. She went to a carnival. The weather was sunny; and the food was 1 . There were Clowns and a band魔杖. She had a good; 2 there was a bad magician at the party.Princess Eva saw the magician and she laughed. The magician didn’t 3 . He touched her mouth with a wand. He said; “From now on; you can’t talk. You can’t laugh.”And Princess Eva 4 make a sound.Princess Eva could feel; and hear; and see; and smell; and taste. But she couldn’t 5 . She couldn’t laugh. A doctor came and looked at her fingers; her 6 ; her eyes; her nose; and her tongue. She wasn’t sick. But something was 7 . Even a clown couldn’t make her laughBut then one day; a nice man came to town. He had a band of 8 . His dog; his cat; and his horse sang for the princess. They made loud noises. They sounded 9 The Princess startedto 10 . “Look I can laugh I can talk” she cried. It was a happy day.B.terribleC.deliciousD.awfulB.ButC.SoD.thoughB.shoutC.sayugh’t B.mustn’t C.couldn’t D.needn’tC.listen C.smileughB.feetC.neckD.earsC.wrongD.niceB.coloursC.shapesD.animalsB.niceC.terribleD.happyB.walkughD.runVII.阅读理解10分Hel en’s eyes are not very good; so she wears glasses. But she doesn’t wear glasses when she is with her friend; Jim. When Jim comes to her house to take her out; she will take her glasses off; and when she gets back; she puts on the glasses.One day her mothe r asks her; “Helen; why don’t you wear glasses when you are with Jim He takes you to many lovely places in his car; but you can’t see anything.” Helen says; “I look more lovely to Jim when I’m not wearing my glasses and he looks better to me; too.”1、Jim comes to take Helen .A. to schoolB. to workC. to see lovely placesD. to his home2、Helen doesn’t wear glasses .A. when Jim is with herB. when sheis at homeC. when she is at schoolD. in the evening3、Jim and Helen go out .A. by busB. by carC. by bikesD. by plane4、Which sentence is rightA. Helen doesn’t like Jim.B. Helen wants to look more lovely.C. Jim doesn’t like glasses.D. Helen’s mother knows Helen very much.5、Jim looks better to Helen .A. when he sees everything clearly清楚地.B. when she sees everything clearly.C. when he doesn’t see things clearly.D. whenshe doesn’t see things clearly.参考答案Unit 4’t think 3.How do you like 4.close to 5.How much 6.bigger;than 7.How far 8.Why is 9.winner of 10.the tallest studentV.1—5BCACB 6—10BCACB 11—15ABDCA 16—20BCCBD 21—25CBCAAVI.1—5CDADB 6—10CACCBVII.1—5TFTTTUnit5one day 2.with 3.ready to 4.In the 1980s 5.played ;role 6.dressed up 7.took;place 8.showed for 9.more than just10.such asIV. 1.going on 2.maybe;aren’t 3.Would;like 4.does;he 5.Why does; want 6.More than 7.How;like 8.more famous than; the most famousV.1-5CBAAA 6-10AACAC 11-15BDABA 16-20BCBAC 21-25BBBAAVI. 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.CVII. 1-5 CABBD。
北师大版八年级数学下册《第三章图形的平移与旋转》单元检测题-附答案
北师大版八年级数学下册《第三章图形的平移与旋转》单元检测题-附答案学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．如左图是新疆维吾尔自治区第十四届运动会的会徽．平移此会徽中的图形，可以得到的是（）A．B．C．D．2．下列图形中，既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．3．在平面直角坐标系中，将点A(3,−2)向右平移4个单位长度后的对应点的坐标是（）A．(−1,−2)B．(7,−2)C．(3,−6)D．(3,2)4．如图，将△ABC沿BC方向平移3cm得到△DEF，若△ABC的周长为14cm，则四边形ABFD的周长为（）A．14cm B．17cm C．20cm D．23cm5．在平面直角坐标系中，以原点为中心，若将点Q(4,5)按逆时针方向旋转90°得到点P，则P的坐标是（）A．(−5,4)B．(−4,−5)C．(−5,−4)D．(5,−4)6．如图，在△ABD中∠BAD=90°，将△ABD绕点A逆时针旋转后得到△ACE，此时点C恰好落在BD边上．若∠BAC=48°，则∠E的度数为（）A．20°B．24°C．28°D．32°7．如图，△ABC的边BC长为5cm．将△ABC向上平移2cm得到△A′B′C′，且BB′⊥BC，则阴影部分的面积为（）A．50cm2B．25cm2C．20cm2D．10cm28．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，将△ABO绕点A顺时针旋转到△AB1C1的位置，点B、O分别落在点B1、C1处，点B1在x轴上，再将△AB1C1绕点B1顺时针旋转到△A1B1C2的位置，点C2在x轴上．将△A1B1C2绕点C2顺时针旋转到△A2B2C2的位置，点A2在x轴上，依次进行下去…，若点A(3,0)，B(0,4)，点B2024的坐标为（）A．(12132,0)B．(12144,4)C．(12140,4)D．(12152,0)二、填空题9．在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A(2a−b,−8)与点B(−2,a+3b)关于原点对称，a+b=．10．为了便于游客领略“人从桥上过，如在河中行”的美好意境，某景点拟在如图所示的长方形荷塘上架设小桥．若荷塘周长为600m，且桥宽忽略不计，则小桥总长为m．11．如图，将Rt△ABC沿着点B到C的方向平移到△DEF的位置AB=9，DO=4阴影部分面积为35，则平移距离为．12．在平面直角坐标系中，已知线段AB的两个端点分别是A(1,2),B(2,0)，将线段AB平移后得到线段CD，其中，点A的对应点为点C，若C(3,a),D(b,1)，则a−b的值为．13．如图，将△ABC沿BA方向平移得到△DEF．若DB=15，AE=2则平移的距离为．14．如图，在Rt△ABC中∠ACB=90°，AC=4，BC=5将△ABC绕点A逆时针旋转α(0°<α<90°)得到△ADE，延长BC交ED于点F．若∠EAB=90°，则线段EF的长为．15．如图，在△ABC，∠C=90°，将Rt△ABC绕顶点A顺时针旋转一定角度得到Rt△AB′C′，此时点C的对应点C′恰好落在AB边上，连接BB′，若∠BB′C′=35°，则∠BAC=°．16．如图，△ABC的顶点坐标分别为A(2,4),B(0,1),C(0,4)，将△ABC绕某一点旋转可得到△A′B′C′,△A′B′C′的三个顶点都在格点上，则旋转中心的坐标是．三、解答题17．如图，在4×4的方格中，有4个小方格被涂黑成“L形”．(1)在图1中再涂黑4格，使新涂黑的图形与原来的“L形“关于对称中心点O成中心对称；(2)在图2和图3中再分别涂黑4格，使新涂黑的图形与原来的“L形”所组成的新图形既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形（两个图各画一种）．18．如图，在△ABC中∠B=40°，∠BAC=80°将△ABC绕点A逆时针旋转一定角度后得到△ADE．(1)求∠E的度数；(2)当AB∥DE时，求∠DAC的度数．19．如图，在12×8的正方形网格中，每个小正方形的边长都是1个单位长度，点A，B，C，O都在格点上．按下列要求画图：(1)画出将△ABC向右平移8个单位长度后的△A1B1C1；(2)画出将△ABC以点O为旋转中心、顺时针旋转90°后的△A2C2B2(3)△A1B1C1与△A2C2B2是否成轴对称？若是，请画出对称轴．20．如图，在△ABC中∠BAC=80°，三个内角的平分线交于点O．(1)∠BOC的度数为________．(2)过点O作OD⊥OB交BC于点D．①探究∠ODC与∠AOC之间的数量关系，并说明理由；②若∠ACB=60°，将△BOD绕点O顺时针旋转α得到△B′OD′(0°<α<90°)，当B′D′所在直线与OC平行时，求α的值．21．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，已知A(−1,0),B(3,0),M为第三象限内一点．(1)若点M(2−a,2a−10)到两坐标轴的距离相等．①求点M的坐标；②若MN∥AB且MN=AB，求点N的坐标．(2)若点M为(n,n)，连接AM,BM．请用含n的式子表示三角形AMB的面积；(3)在（2）的条件下，将三角形AMB沿x轴方向向右平移得到三角形DEF（点A，M的对应点分别为点D，E），若三角形AMB的周长为m，四边形AMEF的周长为m+4，求点E的坐标（用含n的式子表示）．22．如图，在锐角△ABC中∠A=60°，点D，E分别是边AB，AC上一动点，连接BE交直线CD于点F．(1)如图1，若AB>AC，且BD=CE，∠BCD=∠CBE，K为射线CD上一点CK=BE．①求证：BD=BK；②求∠CFE的度数；(2)如图2，若AB=AC，且BD=AE，在平面内将线段AC绕点C顺时针方向旋转60°得到线段CM，连接MF，点N是MF的中点，连接CN．在点D，E运动过程中，猜想线段BF，CF，CN之间存在的数量关系，并证明你的猜想．参考答案1．解：根据平移的性质可知：能由如图经过平移得到的是B．故选：B2．解：A、是中心对称图形，但不是轴对称图形，故不符合题意；B、既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形，故符合题意；C、是轴对称图形，但不是中心对称图形，故不符合题意；D、是轴对称图形，但不是中心对称图形，故不符合题意；故选B．3．解：将点A(3,−2)向右平移4个单位长度后的对应点的坐标是(3+4,−2)，即(7,−2)故选：B．4．解：由平移的性质得：AD=BE=CF=3cm，AC=DF∵△ABC的周长为14cm∵AB+BC+AC=14cm∵四边形ABFD的周长为AB+BC+CF+DF+AD=AB+BC+AC+CF+AD=14+3+3=20cm．故选：C．5．解：如图，过点Q作QM⊥x轴，过点P作PN⊥x轴∴∠PNO=∠QMO=90°∵Q(4,5)∴OM=4由旋转的性质可知OQ=OP，∠POQ=90°∴∠PON+∠QOM=90°∵∠PON+∠OPN=90°∴∠OPN=∠QOM∴△PON≌△OQM(AAS)∴ON=QM=5，PN=OM=4∵点P在第二象限∴点P的坐标是(−5,4)故选：A．6．解：∵△ABD旋转得到△ACE∵AB=AC，∠ABC=∠ACE，∠E=∠D∵∠BAC=48°∴∠ABD=∠ACD=180°−∠BAC=66°2∵∠BAD =90°∵∠D =180°−∠ABC −∠BAD =24°∵∠E =∠D =24°．故选：B ．7．解：三角形ABC 的边BC 的长为5cm ．将三角形ABC 向上平移2cm 得到三角形A ′B ′C ′，且BB ′⊥BC 则：S △ABC =S △A ′B ′C ′，四边形BCC ′B ′是长方形，BB ′=2∵S 阴影=S △A ′B ′C ′+S 长方形BB ′C ′C −S △ABC =S 长方形BB ′C ′C =BC ×BB ′=5×2=10(cm 2)故选D ．8．解：∵点A(3，0)，B(0，4)∵OA =3，OB =4∵AB =√32+42= 5∵OA +AB 1+B 1C 2=3+5+4=12观察图象可知B 、B 2、B 4…每偶数之间的B 的横坐标相差12个单位长度，点B 2n 的纵坐标为4∵2024÷2=1012∵点B 2024的横坐标为1012×12=12144，点B 2024的纵坐标为4∵点B 2024的坐标为(12144,4)．故选：B ．9．解：依题意可得：{2a −b =−(−2)a +3b =−(−8)∴{a =2b =2∴a +b =2+2=4故答案为：4．10．解：由平移的性质得，小桥总长=长方形周长的一半∵600÷2=300m∵小桥总长为300m ．故答案为：300．11．解：∵Rt △ABC ，沿着点B 到C 点的方向平移到△DEF 的位置∵△ABC≌△DEF∵AB =DE ，S △ABC =S △DEF∵S阴影=S梯形ABEO=35∵AB=9，DO=4∵OE=DE−OH=9−4=5∵12(5+9)×BE=35解得：BE=5，即为平移的距离；故答案为：5．12．解：由题意得，线段AB向右平移2个单位，向上平移1个单位得到线段CD∴2+2=b，2+1=a∴a=3，b=4∴a−b=3−4=−1故答案为：−1．13．解：平移的性质可得：AD=BE又∵DB=15，AE=2∵AD=BE=DB−AE2=6.5即平移的距离为6.5故答案为：6.5．14．解：连接AF∵∠ACB=90°，AC=4，BC=5∵AB=√42+52=√41由旋转的性质得AE=AC，∠E=∠ACB=90°∵∠E=∠ACF=90°∵AF=AF∵Rt△AFE≌Rt△AFC(HL)∵EF=FC，∠EFA=∠CFA∵∠EAB=90°∵DE∥AB∵∠EFA=∠FAB∵∠BFA=∠FAB∵BF=AB=√41∵EF=FC=BF−BC=√41−5故答案为：√41−5．15．解：∵将Rt△ABC绕顶点A顺时针旋转一定角度得到Rt△AB′C′，此时点C的对应点C′恰好落在AB边上∵AB=AB′，∠BC′B′=90°，∠B′AC′=∠BAC∵∠ABB′=∠AB′B而∠BB′C′=35°∵∠ABB′=90°−35°=55°∵∠B′AC′=∠BAC=180°−55°×2=70°．故答案为：70．16．解：如图所示：连接AA′，BB′，然后作AA′，BB′的垂直平分线，这两条垂直平分线交于一点，记为点P，为旋转中心，此时旋转中心的坐标是(−1，0)故答案为：(−1，0)17．解：（1）所求图形，如图所示．（2）所求图形，如图所示．18．（1）解：由旋转可得：∠E=∠C．∵∠B=40°，∠BAC=80°∵∠C=180°−∠B−∠BAC=60°∵∠E=60°．（2）如图1，当DE在AB下方时．由旋转可得：∠D=∠B=40°．∵AB∥DE∵∠BAD=∠D=40°∵∠DAC=∠BAC−∠BAD=80°−40°=40°．如图2，当DE在AB上方时．∵AB∥DE∵∠BAD+∠D=180°∵∠BAD=180°−∠D=180°−40°=140°∵∠DAC=360°−∠BAC−∠BAD=360°−80°−140°=140°．综上所述，∠DAC的度数为40°或140°．19．（1）解：如图,∴△A1B1C1为所求画的三角形；（2）解：如图∴△A2C2B2为所求画的三角形；（3）解：成轴对称，如图∴直线OD为所求画的对称轴．20．（1）解：∵三个内角的平分线交于点O，(∠ABC+∠ACB)∵∠OBC+∠OCB=12∵∠BAC=80°∵∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−∠BAC=100°∵∠OBC+∠OCB=50°∵∠BOC=180°−(∠OBC+∠OCB)=180°−50°=130°故答案为：130°；（2）解：①∠ODC=∠AOC，理由如下：∵三个内角的平分线交于点O，(∠BAC+∠ACB)∵∠OAC+∠OCA=12∵∠BAC+∠ACB=180°−∠ABC∵∠OAC+∠OCA=12(180°−∠ABC)=90°−12∠ABC∵∠AOC=180°−(∠OAC+∠OCA)=180°−(90∘−12∠ABC)=90°+12∠ABC∵OD⊥OB∵∠BOD=90°∵∠ODC=∠BOD+∠OBD=90°+12∠ABC∵∠ODC=∠AOC；②如图∵OC平分∠ACB，∠ACB=60°∵∠OCD=12∠ACB=30°由（1）知∠BOC=130°∵∠BOD=90°∵∠COD=40°∵∠BDO=∠COD+∠OCD=70°由旋转性质可知：∠BDO=∠B′D′O=70°∵B′D′∥OC∵∠COD′=∠B′D′O=70°∵∠DOD′=∠COD′−∠COD=30°，即此时旋转角度α=30°∵α的值为30°．21．（1）解：①∵M(2−a,2a−10)到两坐标轴的距离相等，且在第三象限∵−(2−a)=−(2a−10)∵a=4∵M(−2,−2)；②∵A A(−1,0),B(3,0)∵AB=4∵MN∥AB，MN=AB，M(−2，−2)∵N(−6,−2)或(2,−2)；（2）解：∵M(n,n)在第三象限∵n<0∵三角形AMB的面积为12×4×(−n)=−2n；（3）解：∵△AMB沿x轴方向向右平移得到△DEF ∵BM=EF，AD=ME=BF．∵△AMB的周长为m∵AM+MB+AB=m．∵四边形AMEF的周长为m+4∵AM+ME+EF+AF=m+4，即2ME=4∵解得ME=2∵点E的坐标为(n+2,n)．22．（1）解：①证明：在△BCE与△CBK中{BE=CK ∠BCK=∠CBE BC=CB∵△BCE≌△CBK(SAS)∵CE=BK∵BD=CE∵BD=BK；②由①知：BD=BK，∵∠BKD=∠BDK∵△BCE≌△CBK(SAS)∵∠BKC=∠CEB∵∠BDK=∠CEB∵∠BDK=∠ADC∴∠ADC=∠CEB∵∠CEB+∠AEF=180°∴∠ADF+∠AEF=180°∴∠A+∠EFD=180°∵∠A=60°∴∠EFD=120°∴∠CFE=180°−∠EFD=180°−120°=60°；（2）解：结论：BF+CF=2CN．理由：如图2中∵AB=AC，∠A=60°∴△ABC是等边三角形∴AB=CB=AC，∠A=∠CBD=∠ACB=60°∵AE=BD∴△ABE≌△BCD(SAS)∴∠BCF=∠ABE∴∠FBC+∠BCF=60°∴∠BFC=120°∵∠BFD=60°由旋转可得：AC=CM∵BC=CM，∠BCM=∠ACB+∠ACM=120°如图2中，延长CN到Q，使得NQ=CN，连接FQ∵NM=NF，∠CNM=∠FNQ，CN=NQ∴△CNM≌△QNF(SAS)∴CM=QF，∠MCN=∠NQF∴CM=BC延长CF到P，使得PF=BF∵PF=BF∵△PBF是等边三角形∵∠BPC=60°∴∠PBC+∠PCB=∠PCB+∠FCM=120°∴∠FCM=∠PBC∵∠PFQ=∠FCQ+∠CQF=∠FCQ+∠MCN=∠FCM∵∠PFQ=∠PBC∵PB=PF∴△PFQ≌△PBC(SAS)∴PQ=PC，∠CPB=∠QPF=60°∴△PCQ是等边三角形∴BF+CF=PC=QC=2CN．。
初中物理八年级上册第一章单元检测题及答案
第一章单元检测题【1 】一.选择题1．用刻度尺测量物体的长度时,下列请求中错误的是（）A．测量时,刻度尺不克不及歪斜B．测量时必须从刻度尺的左端量起C．读数时,视线应正对刻度线D．记载测量成果时,必须在数字后注明单位2．下列现象中不属于机械活动的是（）A．汽车在公路上疾驶B．星光闪闪C．瀑布奔驰而下D．春分拂动杨柳3．下列关于误差的说法中准确的是( )A．测量时只要有误差消失,就解释试验必定消失了错误B．误差和错误一样都是不成以防止的C．多测量取平均值的办法可以减小误差D．改良试验办法和采取周详的测量对象,可以防止消失误差4．不雅察身边的物理现象——下列几种估测最相符现实情形的是（）A．人步行的速度约为5m/s B．全新的2B铅笔长约18cmC．教室房间的高度约为1.5 m D．八年级物理教材的厚度约为100mm5．下列单位换算准确的是（）A．=1.5×100=150cm B．=×100=150cmC．=1.5×100cm=150cm D．=×100cm=150cm6．摄影师抓拍了一个有味的局势（如图1-1）：一只乌鸦站在飞行的老鹰背上憩息.下列说法准确的是（）A．以乌鸦为参照物,老鹰是活动的B．以地面为参照物,乌鸦是静止的C．以老鹰为参照物,乌鸦是静止的D．以地面为参照物,老鹰是静止的图1-17．关于平均速度,下列论述中错误的是（）A．平均速度就是物体在遍地活动速度的平均值B．在雷同旅程内,物体活动的时光越少则平均速度越大C．做变速直线活动的物体,在不合时光内,平均速度一般不雷同D．做变速直线活动的物体,在不合旅程内,平均速度有可能雷同8．一个活动物体在前2s 内的平均速度是/s,后3s 内的平均速度是5m/s,则它在5s 内的平均速度是（ ）A ．4 m/sB ．3.75 m/sC ．/sD ．无法肯定9．请依据图1-2所示,断定甲.乙两船的活动情形（ ）A ．甲船可能向右活动,乙船可能静止B ．甲船必定向右活动,乙船必定向左活动C ．甲船可能向右活动,乙船必定向左活动D ．甲船必定向右活动,乙船可能向左活动 10．一短跑运发动在5s 内跑完了50m,汽车行驶的速度是54km/h,羚羊奔驰的速度是20m/s,那么三者速度从大到小的次序是（ ）A ．运发动.汽车.羚羊B ．汽车.羚羊.运发动C ．羚羊.汽车.运发动D ．运发动.羚羊.汽车11．图1-3中,甲图是某物体活动的s-t 图像,则图（乙）中能与之相对应的v-t 图像是（ ）12．甲.乙两同窗沿平直路面步行,他们活动的旅程随时光变更的纪律如图1-4所示,下列说法中不准确的是（ ）A ．甲同窗比乙同窗晚动身4sB ．4s-8s 内,甲.乙同窗都做匀速直线活动C ．0-8s 内,甲.乙两同窗活动的旅程相等D ．8s 末甲.乙两同窗的速度相等二.填空题13．国际单位制中,长度的单位是__________,经常应用符号__________暗示.14．完成下列单位转换：（1）50m=__________km ;（2）36km/h=_________ m/s;（3）6min=_______h.15．小明同窗在做一些测量后忘了在记载的数据后面标明单位,请帮他补上：某同窗的身高是15.8,人步行的速度约为1.1.16．用一把学生三角尺,测得一个物体的高度,共得五组数据如下：(1); (2); (3); (4); (5). 个中有问题的数据是哪个？.该物体高度值应为多大？.图1-4图1-2图1-317．100米比赛时我们是采取雷同__________比较___________的办法来比较快慢.18．下学路上,小明和小红沿人行道步行,一辆汽车从身旁奔驰而过,如图1-5所示.司机对乘客说“你没动”是认为参照物;小红说“车真快”是认为参照物.19．某物体做匀速直线活动,它在200s 的时光内经由过程的旅程是800m,这个物体在最后100m 的旅程中的速度是______m/s,所用的时光是 ______s.20． 甲.乙.丙三辆小车同时.同地向统一偏向活动,它们活动的图像如图1-6所示,由图像可知：活动速度雷同的小车是________和________;经由5 s,跑在最前面的小车是________.三.试验题21．如图1-7所示,用刻度尺测物体的长度,尺的分度值是________,所测物体的长度是__________.22．如图1-8所示,是一小球从A 点沿直线活动到F 点的频闪照片,若频闪拍照机每隔0.2s 闪拍一次.剖析照片可知：小球从A 点到F 点是作 （填“匀速”或“变速”）直线活动;共活动了cm 的旅程;小球从A 点活动到F 点的平均速度为 m/s.23．某同窗用一把刻度尺测量物理书的宽,他的测量办法如图1-9所示,图中A 是他不雅察读数时眼睛的地位,请指出这位同窗测量中的三个错误之处：（1）;（2）;（3）.24．如图所示是测量小车沿斜面下滑的平均速度的试验.（1）该试验目标是演惯用________________和__________________测平均速度.（2）该试验道理是___________________.（3）试验时不雅察到,小车沿斜面顶端下滑到斜面底端的活动是直线活动.（选填“匀速”或“变速”）（4）试验中测得旅程s1上的平均速度为v1,旅程s2上的平均速度为v2,旅程s3上的平图1-5 图1-6图1-7图1-9 图1-8均速度为v3.那么,v1.v2.v3的大小关系是.（选填＞.＜.=）四.盘算题25．周末小明同窗从东城乘车去龙悦湖游玩,所乘车的速度计如图甲所示,他看见路边一个交通标记牌,如图乙所示,则：（1）该车的速度是若干？ （2）该车保持现有速度不变,从交通标记牌处到龙悦湖至少须要若干小时？26．一列火车长200m,以20m ／s 的速度匀速经由过程一座长为的大桥,问火车全体经由过程该大桥须要若干时光？第一章 单元检测题参考答案一.选择题1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．C10．C 11．B 12．D二.填空题13．米 m 14．秒 s14． 0.05 10 0.115．dmm/s16．17．旅程 时光18．汽车 地面（其他答案只要合理亦可）19．4 2520．甲 丙 乙三.试验题21．1mm23．（1）刻度尺没有放正应用了磨损的零刻度线（2）刻度线没有切近被测物体刻度尺没有放正（3）视线没有正对刻度线图1-11图1-1024．刻度尺秒表v=s/t变速v3＞v1＞v2四.盘算题25．（1）从图可知v车＝60km/h （2）t＝s/ v车=9km/60km/h=0.15h 26．100s。
人教版八年级英语第一单元检测题及答案
人教版八年级英语第一单元检测题及答案八年级英语Unit1单元检测题一、单项填空（第小题1分，共15分）1．Are you good atpopular songs?A.singB.singingC.to singD.sing2. Please look after your and keep .A.health,healthB.healthy,healthyC.health,healthyD.healthy,health3. It’s timeour class,now.A.beginB.to beginC.for beginningD.to beginning4.“60% of students like reading English books.”means“students like reading English books.”A. AllB.MostC.SomeD.No5. Mrs Green doesn’t come to the party.She has toher baby.A. look atB.look forC.look likeD.look after6. What does he want?A. eatsB.eatC.to eatingD.to eat7. He doesn’t stop workinghe is so tired.He’s really hard-working.A.soB.becauseC.althoughD.but8. He isfat because he eatsjunk food.A.much too,too muchB.too much,much tooC.too much,too muchD.much too,much too9. He is mot thirsty.He wantsto drink.A.somethingB.anythingC.improvingD.everything10.What can I domy English?A.to improveB.improveC.improvingD.improved11.We have much homework to do.A.every evening at every evening C.every evenings D.today evening12. I usually go to schoolhalf past six.A.inB.atC.forD.about13. Look atpicture;man in the bus is Mr Li.A.a,theB.the,theC.the,a14.The teacher is speaking but Li Leiout of the window.A.looksB.seesC.is lookingD.is seeing15. Walking is goodhealth.A.inB.atC.toD.for二、完形填空（每小题1.5分,共15分.）Henry is very fat.He can’t walk fast for a long time and he often feels tired. He wants16 ,so he eats very17 .He eats little18 because it will19him fat.He soes20 every morning.He often goes to21 and runs in the afternoon.Now be is thinner than before.Henry’s cousin,Susan,is healthier22 him.She takes care of23,She 24 a lot of exercise everyweek,and keeps in good 25.16.A.thin B.to thin C.to get thin D.to get fat17.A.many B.much C.few D.little18.A.water B.fruit C.sugar D.vegetables19.A.be B.make C.give D.bring20.A.an exercise B.exercises C.some exercise D.some exercises21.A.swims B.swim C.swimming D.to swim22.A.as B.of C.to D.than23.A.himself B.herself C.self D.themselves24.A.do B.did C.doing D.does25.A.healthier B.health C.healthy D.healthiest三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分。
人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 单元检测习题(含答案)
人教版英语八年级上册 Unit 1 单元检测习题(含答案)1.Don't et to take an umbrella。
because the。
said there would be heavy rain in an hour.2.----Mom。
do you need me to do anything to help you with the party?Thanks。
Freddy。
but everything is ready.3.XXX.4.Julie is taking a piano lesson。
but she doesn't seem to listen to the XXX.5.—What do you plan to do this weekend?—I feel like havinga trip。
I would like to stay at home.6.He told me his name。
but I can't remember it now.7.What fine weather it was。
We decided not to go out.8.—XXX?Yes。
I went to Beijing with my family.Hi XXX。
It's been a while since we last saw each other。
Our classXXX to go to a mountain near our city to make it more exciting.The weather was perfect that day。
not too hot but just right。
We started our journey at 8 a.m。
and spent the time on the way there XXX arrived。
八年级数学(下)第十九章单元检测题含答案
八年级数学（下）第十九章单元检测题(时间：120分钟 满分：120分)一、选择题(每小题3分，共30分)1．(2016·扬州)函数y ＝x －1中，自变量x 的取值范围是( B ) A ．x ＞1 B ．x ≥1 C ．x ＜1 D ．x ≤12．若函数y ＝kx 的图象经过点(1，－2)，那么它一定经过点( B )A ．(2，－1)B ．(－12，1)C ．(－2，1)D ．(－1，12)3．小明骑自行车上学，开始以正常速度匀速行驶，但行至中途自行车出了故障，只好停下来修车，车修好后，因怕耽误上课，加快了骑车的速度，下面是小明离家后他到学校剩下的路程s 关于时间t 的函数图象，那么符合小明行驶情况的图象大致是( D )4．已知一次函数y ＝kx ＋b 的图象如图所示，当x ＜0时，y 的取值范围是( C ) A ．y ＞0 B ．y ＜0 C ．y ＞－2 D ．－2＜y ＜0,第4题图) ,第9题图),第10题图)5．当kb ＜0时，一次函数y ＝kx ＋b 的图象一定经过( B )A ．第一、三象限B ．第一、四象限C ．第二、三象限D ．第二、四象限6．已知一次函数y ＝(2m －1)x ＋1的图象上两点A(x 1，y 1)，B(x 2，y 2)，当x 1＜x 2时，有y 1＜y 2，那么m 的取值范围是( B )A ．m ＜12B ．m ＞12C ．m ＜2D ．m ＞07．已知一次函数的图象过点(3，5)与(－4，－9)，则该函数的图象与y 轴交点的坐标为( A )A ．(0，－1)B ．(－1，0)C ．(0，2)D ．(－2，0)8．把直线y ＝－x －3向上平移m 个单位后，与直线y ＝2x ＋4的交点在第二象限，则m 的取值范围是( A )A ．1＜m ＜7B ．3＜m ＜4C ．m ＞1D ．m ＜49．(2016·天门)在一次自行车越野赛中，出发m h 后，小明骑行了25 km ，小刚骑行了18 km ，此后两人分别以a km /h ，b km /h 匀速骑行，他们骑行的时间t(h )与骑行的路程s(km )之间的函数关系如图，观察图象，下列说法：①出发m h 内小明的速度比小刚快；②a ＝26；③小刚追上小明时离起点43 km ；④此次越野赛的全程为90 km .其中正确的说法有( C )A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个10．(2016·苏州)矩形OABC 在平面直角坐标系中的位置如图所示，点B 的坐标为(3，4)，D 是OA 的中点，点E 在AB 上，当△CDE 的周长最小时，点E 的坐标为( B )A ．(3，1)B ．(3，43)C ．(3，53) D ．(3，2)二、填空题(每小题3分，共24分)11．(2015·上海)同一温度的华氏度数y()与摄氏度数x(℃)之间的函数关系是y ＝95x ＋32，如果某一温度的摄氏度数是25 ℃，那么它的华氏度数是__77__．12．放学后，小明骑车回家，他经过的路程s(千米)与所用时间t(分钟)的函数关系如图所示，则小明的骑车速度是__0.2__千米/分钟．,第12题图) ,第14题图),第16题图)13．一次函数y ＝(m －1)x ＋m 2的图象过点(0，4)，且y 随x 的增大而增大，则m ＝__2__． 14．如图，利用函数图象回答下列问题：(1)方程组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＋y ＝3，y ＝2x 的解为__⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝1，y ＝2__；(2)不等式2x ＞－x ＋3的解集为__x ＞1__． 15．已知一次函数y ＝－2x －3的图象上有三点(x 1，y 1)，(x 2，y 2)，(3，y 0)，并且x 1＞3＞x 2，则y 0，y 1，y 2这三个数的大小关系是__y 1＜y 0＜y 2__．16．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A 的坐标为(0，6)，将△OAB 沿x 轴向左平移得到△O ′A ′B ′，点A 的对应点A ′落在直线y ＝－34x 上，则点B 与其对应点B ′间的距离为__8__．17．过点(－1，7)的一条直线与x 轴、y 轴分别相交于点A ，B ，且与直线y ＝－32x ＋1平行，则在线段AB 上，横、纵坐标都是整数的点坐标是__(3，1)，(1，4)__．18．设直线y ＝kx ＋k －1和直线y ＝(k ＋1)x ＋k(k 为正整数)与x 轴所围成的图形的面积为S k (k ＝1，2，3，…，8)，那么S 1＋S 2＋…＋S 8的值为__49__．三、解答题(共66分)19．(8分)已知2y －3与3x ＋1成正比例，且x ＝2时，y ＝5. (1)求x 与y 之间的函数关系，并指出它是什么函数； (2)若点(a ，2)在这个函数的图象上，求a 的值．解：(1)y ＝32x ＋2，是一次函数 (2)a ＝020．(8分)已知一次函数y ＝(a ＋8)x ＋(6－b)． (1)a ，b 为何值时，y 随x 的增大而增大？(2)a ，b 为何值时，图象过第一、二、四象限？(3)a ，b 为何值时，图象与y 轴的交点在x 轴上方？(4)a ，b 为何值时，图象过原点？解：(1)a ＞－8，b 为全体实数 (2)a ＜－8，b ＜6 (3)a ≠－8，b ＜6 (4)a ≠－8，b ＝621．(9分)画出函数y ＝2x ＋6的图象，利用图象：(1)求方程2x ＋6＝0的解； (2)求不等式2x ＋6＞0的解；(3)若－1≤y ≤3，求x 的取值范围．解：图略，(1)x ＝－3 (2)x ＞－3 (3)当－1≤y ≤3，即－1≤2x ＋6≤3，解得－72≤x≤－3222．(9分)电力公司为鼓励市民节约用电，采取按月用电量分段收费的办法，已知某户居民每月应缴电费y(元)与用电量x(度)的函数图象是一条折线(如图)，根据图象解答下列问题．(1)分别写出当0≤x ≤100和x ＞100时，y 与x 间的函数关系式； (2)若该用户某月用电62度，则应缴费多少元？若该用户某月缴费105元，则该用户该月用了多少度电？解：(1)y ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧0.65x （0≤x ≤100）0.8x －15（x ＞100） (2)40.3元；150度23．(10分)如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，矩形ABCD 的边AD ＝3，A(12，0)，B(2，0)，直线l 经过B ，D 两点．(1)求直线l 的解析式；(2)将直线l 平移得到直线y ＝kx ＋b ，若它与矩形有公共点，直接写出b 的取值范围．解：(1)y ＝－2x ＋4 (2)1≤b ≤724．(10分)今年我市水果大丰收，A ，B 两个水果基地分别收获水果380件、320件，现需把这些水果全部运往甲、乙两个销售点，从A 基地运往甲、乙两销售点的费用分别为每件40元和20元，从B 基地运往甲、乙两销售点的费用分别为每件15元和30元，现甲销售点需要水果400件，乙销售点需要水果300件．(1)设从A 基地运往甲销售点水果x 件，总运费为W 元，请用含x 的代数式表示W ，并写出x 的取值范围；(2)若总运费不超过18300元，且A 地运往甲销售点的水果不低于200件，试确定运费最低的运输方案，并求出最低运费．解：(1)W ＝35x ＋11200(80≤x ≤380) (2)∵⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧W ≤18300，x ≥200，∴⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧35x ＋11200≤18300，x ≥200，解得200≤x ≤20267，∵35＞0，∴W 随x 的增大而增大，∴当x ＝200时，W 最小＝18200，∴运费最低的运输方案为：A →甲：200件，A →乙：180件，B →甲：200件，B →乙：120件，最低运费为18200元25．(12分)一辆慢车与一辆快车分别从甲、乙两地同时出发，匀速相向而行，两车在途中相遇后都停留一段时间，然后分别按原速一同驶往甲地后停车，设慢车行驶的时间为x 小时，两车之间的距离为y 千米，图中折线表示y 与x 之间的函数图象，请根据图象解决下列问题：(1)甲、乙两地之间的距离为__560__千米； (2)求快车与慢车的速度；(3)求线段DE 所表示的y 与x 之间的函数关系式，并写出自变量x 的取值范围．解：(2)设快车速度为m 千米/时，慢车速度为n 千米/时，则有⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧4（m ＋n ）＝560，3m ＝4n ，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝80，n ＝60，∴快车速度为80千米/时，慢车速度为60千米/时 (3)D (8，60)，E (9，0)，线段DE 的解析式为y ＝－60x ＋540(8≤x ≤9)。
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八年级单元检测题参考答案八年级语文单元检测题参考答案第一单元（一）一、基础知识的积累和运用1.B2.B3.消息时间地点人物起因经过结果标题导语主体背景结语扼要地揭示新闻的核心内容4.kuìjiün jísuíjìng ¶di´n jìn zǎo qiúz¶lìpúfúr·ng lû¶qi¶wünyµn5.（1）戮（2）缭（3）谬（4）拨（5）窖（6）舀6.（1）mýn （2）ji´n （3）xiù（4）dÿ7.马革裹尸赤膊上阵声东击西坚壁清野8.（1）锋利无比，不可抵挡（2）安抚平定（3）已经（4）在军事上有重要意义，要巩固的防御设备的据点（5）阻止（6）管理，统辖9.答案不唯一。
例：战争就象是喷涌的岩浆，毁灭一种美丽，又成就另外的美丽。
10.鸦片战争、中国的解放战争、抗日战争，第二次世界大战。
11.A二、阅读（一）12.在“渡江区域”后面分开。
第一部分概括介绍人民解放军渡江情况，是导语；第二部分具体介绍三路大军的渡江情况，是新闻的主体。
13.第一部分至“三十万人”，具体介绍中路军渡江情况；第二部分至“不起丝毫作用”，介绍西路军渡江情况，并简析敌溃我胜的原因；第三部分至结尾，具体介绍东路军渡江情况。
14.议论点明敌溃我胜的原因，表达自己的思想感情，深化了文章的中心。
15.删去不好，汤恩伯到芜湖督战不起作用，具体表现了敌军士气的溃败，汤恩伯认为东面防线很巩固，为后文写我军遇到较为顽强的抵抗作了铺垫，也从侧面突出了人民解放军的英勇善战，锐不可挡。
16.这四个动词运用得准确、具体、恰当，简洁地概括出我东路军取得的战绩，充分体现了新闻的真实性。
17.例如：“至发电时止，我东路各军已大部分渡过南岸，余部二十三日可渡完”，“至发电时止”，时间非常准确，体现了新闻及时准确的特点。
（二）18.新闻数百伊军血染巴士拉驾着老式坦克与敌国苦战电头19.伊军第51机械化步兵师部分投降后，剩余兵力与英美军队苦战。
20.①虽然火力明显不足，但他们没有退却的意思。
②美军：呼叫空中的AH—1“超级眼镜蛇“武装直升机和英军的自行火炮予以支援；伊军：开着20辆前苏联生产的老式坦克。
③据《纽约时报》记者介绍。
21.①“破落不堪”说明伊军武器装备非常落后，“极为艰苦”表明战斗的激烈，表现出伊军抗击侵略者的意志和毅力。
②“猛烈”说明撤离的原因，“战略性”说明伊军撤离是有计划性的，表现伊军的顽强和反抗的决心。
22.①特殊称谓②表示强调23.介绍巴士拉市当前的军事情况；介绍分析家对英美采取的战术的原因的分析。
使读者更全面地了解巴士拉市的情况，使报道的内容更丰富，更完整，更能满足读者的需要。
24.答案不惟一。
言之成理，表达通顺即可。
第一单元（二）一、基础知识的积累和运用1.A2.B3.D4.D5.C6.D7.“那V字形石碑象征被害孩子们的班级——五年级”。
莫马说，“孩子们就在那儿被纳粹杀死。
”8.（1）“顽固”改“顽强”；（2）“战胜”改“歼灭”。
9.①比喻②拟人③对偶④排比二、阅读（一）10.老头子月夜送两个女孩穿过敌人封锁线进苇塘，大女孩受了伤，老头子很难过。
11.坚强勇敢，有责任心。
12.“她挂花了。
”是陈述语气，意在说明一件事情；“她挂了花！”是感叹语气，突出表现了小女孩此刻的焦急和发现老头子没听见自己的话时的懊恼；由“挂花了”，改为“挂了花”，也更能突出小女孩想强调出大女孩负伤的事，也含着对过于自信的老头子的不满。
13.①过于自信②过于自尊。
14.形势非常紧张，老人精神太集中，以致没有听见。
老头子没有想到女孩会受伤，他很自信。
15.说明听说大菱负伤，老头子内心极度难过；大菱负伤，老头子很意外，自尊自信受到沉重打击，他很颓表，进一步说明老头子是个极自尊自信的人。
16.环境烘托出老人内心的难过、不平静17.略（无惟一答案，只要能表现老人愧疚、难过的心理即可）（二）18.城市生活忙碌、紧张、缺少感情；农村生活平静、简单、安宁、美丽，充满温馨的情感。
19.盼儿归的心愿终于实现了，父亲心里很高兴；见到了儿子，父亲很欣慰。
20.具体表现了家里的生活特点，表现了父亲质朴的性格和父子间质朴的关系，更能反衬出父子感情的深挚。
21.“记得以前与父亲同寝……任他熬着等我睡去他再睡”。
表现“我”与父亲亲密的关系，表现父亲对“我”的爱，表达“我”对父亲的感激之情。
用父亲需要酣睡反衬出他为了“我”而不恳入睡的一片挚情。
22.渲染出农村祥和安静的气氛，烘托“我”回到父亲身边平静、复杂的感情，交待时间的变化。
23.要强调表达方式为描写。
第二单元（一）一、基础知识的积累和运用1.tǎng jǔsuǒlǔd´n ji·sǒng zhuōchïuchútuíxi¶zhùd´ng kǎn xiµnniµn cuün lútüdìyìzhìsh¶t´jídùcùhuìy´n chýng zuî2.（1）霹雳（2）马褂（3）尴尬（4）糟糕（5）烦躁（6）抱歉（7）噩耗3.wùchüi süng hùn zhuï qiǎng lþi lþi jìng hµo chǔ xu¶ ju¶4.（见书下注释）5.略6.（1）拟人（2）比喻（3）比喻7.B8. 答案不唯一例：痛苦，伤心，气愤，感动，兴奋，高兴，委曲等。
二、阅读（一）9.B 10.C11.冬天，父子即将分手的火车站的铁路，月台，即将载儿子去远方的火车，匆匆来去的人人群。
12.戴着黑布小帽……显出努力的样子。
13.第一次：父亲的背影使“我”的心受到触动，顿悟父亲的爱心，“我”感动地流泪，第二次：此时“我”的心中百感交集，深刻感受到父子情深，感动于父亲的挚爱至亲，与父亲分手感到格外依恋，惆怅，后悔自己先前的自以为是，牵挂父亲的命运和前程，心里充满悲悯和辛酸。
14.忘我无私，细致入微，强烈而博大，看上去又自然平常。
15.写出了火车站来往的人很多，父亲的背影融入人群再也看不见了，表达出我对父亲的依恋和一下子失去父亲的背影的惆怅。
（二）16.“我知道她并非学者，说了也无益；但既然来问，也就都对她说了”。
说明“我”因为她没有学问而十分看不起她，与她有隔膜，也对她有一定的尊重和迁就。
17.作者原来以为没有文化的阿长是不懂得这些文化人的事的，文章不写买《山海经》的经过，更能表现出得到《山海经》的意外之情；另外，也给读者留下了充分的想象空间。
18.远方的叔祖说的《山海经》深深发吸引了作者，因此，他渴望得到一本有画的《山海经》，但是却久久难以得到，是阿长让他的愿望变成了现实，所以，虽然这本书的纸质和绘画质量都不太好，但作者却视若珍宝。
19.这件事给了作者很深的震撼，使作者对她由鄙视、厌烦转为了由衷的敬佩，可以说，阿长买来的《山海经》启迪了作者对古代文学的兴趣。
20.热心、关爱孩子。
21.对长妈妈的怀念、同情、感激，感情极为深厚。
第二单元（二）一、基础知识的积累和运用1.D2.模糊模样角度角逐济南接济积累劳累3.①惭愧②呆滞笨拙4.B5.①表彰和渴慕②贴近疲倦6.D7.①《背影》父亲；②《老王》老王；③《台阶》父亲；④《阿长与〈几经〉》阿长8.答案不唯一例：生命有了爱的点缀，像浩淼的森林遍洒着甘霖。
9.（1）“都”改“不”，或“无时无刻”改“每时每刻”（2）去掉“不”10.答案不唯一二、阅读（一）11.“那直僵僵的身体好像不能坐，稍一弯曲就会散成一堆骨头。
”12.身体极度虚弱将不久于人世。
13.生活贫困、身体虚弱的老王不可能送“多得数不完”的鸡蛋。
作者这样写的目的是：鸡蛋凝聚了老王真挚的谢意，体现了他善良的性情，这情意是无法计量的，写出了“我”当时的紧张害怕的心情。
14.“强”意为勉强；“强笑”准确而含蓄地表达了“我”心中说不出的感动和悲酸，也表现出“我”当时紧张的心情。
15.“我”具备平等博爱的思想，具有善良的品格。
16.老王的虚弱的身体禁不住生活的压力，禁不起时间，将不久于人世。
善良。
17.外貌、语言、动作，老王带病给“我”送香油、鸡蛋。
18.要点：平素的交往中老王了解“我”的善良，知道我没有恶意，因此才收了钱；他是知道我已领受了他的谢意的。
（二）19.卖了自己珍贵的寿方；去医院卖血。
20.神态描写，表现出爸内心斗争的激烈，心理充满了矛盾。
21.插叙，交待土家族对寿方的极端重视，强调了寿方对土家人的重要意义，补充说明了父亲下定决心卖寿方之前失神的原因，衬托出父亲对儿子的无私的爱。
22.“穷得叮当响”与后文“1500元的高价”形成巨大的反差，突出了父亲的寿方的珍贵，进一步表现土家族人对寿方的重视，侧面烘托出爹为“我”上学所做出的巨大牺牲，突出了爹对我无私的爱，表达“我”对爹的感激之情。
删去不好。
23.爹怕“我”不能心安理得地用那笔钱，怕“我”伤心难过，爹希望“我”轻松快乐。
24.答案不唯一。
注意用描写，体现人物性格。
25.略。
第三单元（一）一、基础知识的积累和运用1.xiµo qìxuünxi¶zhǎo línxún h¶lîu chùluµn zh´n pµn zǎo liúqiµntµn fýi jiǒng cüng qìchïng2.cuµn jÿn jìn m´n qūxiün jìng jÿch¶n zhǎng ju·w¶i3.（1）弧（2）销（3）谱（4）御（5）幕4.别具匠心因地制宜自出心裁重峦叠嶂5.略（见书下注释）6.时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序。
下定义、分类别、列数字、作比较、举例子、打比方、摹状貌、作诠释、列图表、引用、准确。
二、阅读7.赵州桥卢沟桥结构坚固、形式优美、历史悠久8.说明赵州桥构造奇特说明卢沟桥形式优美、价值不凡9.列数字、打比方、引用说明，列数字、摹状貌、引用说明10.总分关系，先总说赵州桥外形及施工上的特点，然后分项说明。