7.5写作要求

IELTS作文句型：图表作文Sth. about the chartstitlevertical axis 纵轴 horizontal axis 横轴，水平轴color keythe steps of writing1. 审题2. 构思一是分析图表的主要特征，二是弄清写作重点及使用适当的分析方法。

3. 写作第一，开头写好引言段，把握主题句的准确表达；（模式化开头）第二，描写图表。

主要特征，总体变化。

注意使用衔接词和转承短语，增强文章逻辑性。

（常用词组）第三，结尾段。

（切勿妄加单独结构）写作第一部分的图表题不需要单加一段评论，也没有要求用一句话来作出结论。

只需要描述图表，表达个人见解是不合适的。

4. 检查拼写错误，语法错误，书写有误，数字表达有误等。

开头固定模式1.“图表”替换词：chart, table, graph, diagram…figures, statistics, curves…2.“描述”的多种表达：illustrate, describe, indicate, show, unfold, reveal, display, compare, present, express, represent, stand for…3.年代、时间的处理方式From…to… for the period of…to…Over the next 13 years…Over the 7-year period…10 years = a decade100 years = a centuryIn the third quarter 在第三季度At the same time = at around the same time= during the same period= meanwhileIn the coming year = in the next year in the following yearLater on , afterwards, from then onIn the first decade in the 20th century.In the first 70 years last century.For much of the timeWhich take place in the year (of)…On a weekly/ monthly basis= per week/ month4. 文章第一句的基本套路：The chart/ table/ diagram/ graph shows/ illustrates/ describes/ indicate/ reveals/ display/ present/ unfold/ compare that/ how…changed…from…to…The chart gives us some information about…by contrasting …and…关于信息的分类：The table gives us three pieces of information regarding the subway network in 6 cities.The table gives us a breakdown of different types of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999.Employees, according to the amount of the education they’ve received, are grouped into 4 categories.The average spend can be futher divided very roughly into thirds—the first third spending on…, the second on…, and the last on….The two graphs describe the same thing seen in two different ways.5.正文部分每段开头句的常用表达：The main point to note is that…One of the first things to note is that…One of the most noticeable features/ trands in this report is that…It is perhaps surprising that…What is very obvious at a glance is that…We can see immediately that…Another thing which stands out in this chart is that…A final point to know is that…According to the chart…As can be seen from the chart…As is shown in the chart…From the information shown,It can be seen from the chart that…We can see from the chart that…It is clear from the chart…I’m going to talk about the other chart,….Attention should be draw to the significant rise of …The left pie chart is for exports and the right pie chart is for imports.Now let’s look at the left chart,the exports pie chart.┏Beginning with the field/forum of…┣Next, in the field/forum of…┗Turning to the field/forum of…Now let’ s turn to the figures for……has done some investigation into….here is a report on some of their findings.表示趋势和状态的词NB.曲线图的描写要点为“趋势描写”和“数据支持”单组柱状图可以先转换为曲线图表示总体大趋势的词There is an overall / a general increasing/ falling trend for…But those are nit strong enough to change the very strong overall downtrend for…The trend was towards a decrease in the popularity of the cinima.Take an upward trend / turn表示增加上升1.增加increase, rise, grow, rocket, go up, shoot up, climb + by（增加了）+ to（增加到）2.达到Come to, reach, jump toEx: we can see an increase by 4% in…总计、共计：total a. / vi amount n / vi.表示减少下降decrease, decline, reduce, fall, go down, drop, crash, plummet（垂直下落）, plunge，dive come back to … make a comeback…表示先降后升/ 降中有升Recover from~~, regain its increasing trend …But those are nit strong enough to change the very strong overall downtrend for…表示保持不变或一样stay/ remain/ keep …at the same/stable/steady/unchanged/constant/flat/stationary/ staticlevel off/ outex: we can see a leveling off in December.Share the equal amount of money.表示上下波动fluctuate between… and …fluctuationgo up and downhas been experienced ups and downs表示极值peak v. & n.the highest point / the lowest pointthe top of / the bottom of表示比例、名次The proportion of A to B is X to Y. A 和B的比例是X比Y。

Make up, eat up, take upContribute to, Account for, provide …occupy，share, dominate (domination),leadIn 1985, there were 6261 full-time undergraduate students with 3472 men and 2742 women at the university. The distribution of these students was as follow.This chart gives us information about British trade by geographical distribution in 1986.Be distributed in the following ways:…┏We find a domination of this field by…┠This is the first field we find dominated by…┗This is the second field in which … lead.maintain the middle positioneasure its positionNB.在谈论取得第几名，排第几名时经常用Come/ rank + 序数词Take / in +序数词 +place注意：这里的序数词前不要加theEX: For cycling paper, Britain comes second in Europe with 40% behind Germany’s amazing 70%.表示预测未来趋势的词Expect, forecast, estimate, underestimate(低估)，project表示程度的词显著的（地）、重要的（地）large, major, great, important, significant, considerable, remarkable, noticeable,sharp, rapid, sudden, dramatic,steep,extremely, strikingly（显著的）轻微的（地）、不显著的（地）、逐渐地little, slight, gentle, mild,steadygradually, steadily, slowly大概、大约about, approximate, nearly, around, roughly,more or lessfewer/ less/ more than, under, below, within, over, above相比较而言Relatively不协调的Disproportionately表示相比或相反的词组be compared with compare A to B in comparison with…to contrast with…But there is a completely reversal when it comes to …It is the same for…The same goes for…The same thing goes if…overnumber v. 超过on the contarywe can see a totally different pattern/picture in…we can see a converse pattern in….The picture is slightly different in case of…The condition in Japan differs considerably.表示举例子或列举的用法Namely, specifically, such as,For example/ instanceTake … for example/ as an example列举数字时要注意运用括号，这是一种节省时间、节省字数。