增值服务是战略竞争优势(英文)
波特的价值链模型中英
Chapter 6 Strategic Information System: Information Technology Application for Enterprise Strategy.波特的价值链模型( Porter 's Va-lCuehain Model) 企业的产品利润系基企业一连串的加值活动( Value-Add Activities )所产生，而企业的加值活动分为主要活动( PrimaryActivities )与支持活动( Support Activities )。
主要活动系为与产品与服务有直接关联的活动，而支持活动则包含支持主要活动，但与产品与服务无直接关联的所有措施(包含管理与支持的活动)。
主要活动分为「进货后勤(Inbound Logistic)」、「生产制造(Operation)」、「出货后勤(Outbound Logistic」、「营销销售(Sale and Marketing) J>「售后服务(Service) J五大项，主掌产品与服务的生产过程。
支持活动则涵盖了整个主要活动的范畴，如采购管理( Procurement) 科技开发( Technology Developmen)t、人力资源管理( Human Resource Managemen)t 、财务会计管理( Financial Management) >企业的基础设施(Enterprise Infrastructure) 等。
策略推力模型( Strategic Thrust Model)五个策略攻击的领域：差异化(Differentiation)—企业选择一种或数种对顾客有价值的需求，以自身优势的能力，单独满足这些需求，让其他对手在顾客认知上产生差异成本(Cost)-提供相当利益给顾客，但价格较低，竞争优势以降低成本为主要手段。
创新( Innovation) —开发新产品、服务或创新作业流程。
业务层战略名词解释的英文
业务层战略名词解释的英文Business Layer Strategic Terminology: English ExplanationsIntroductionIn today's evolving and complex business world, understanding key strategic concepts and terminology is essential for professionals across various industries. This article aims to provide English explanations for important business layer strategic terms, exploring their significance and fostering a solid foundation of knowledge.1. Market SegmentationMarket segmentation refers to the process of dividing a broad target market into smaller, distinct groups of consumers who share similar characteristics, needs, or behaviors. By strategically identifying and understanding these segments, companies can tailor their marketing efforts, products, and services to effectively meet the specific demands and preferences of each group.2. Competitive AdvantageCompetitive advantage is the unique set of qualities, resources, or capabilities that sets a business apart from its competitors and enables it to outperform them in the market. This advantage can be achieved through various factors such as superior product quality, innovative technology, cost leadership, or effective marketing strategies. By effectively leveraging their competitive advantage, companies can attract more customers, increase market share, and achieve sustainable success.3. Value PropositionA value proposition refers to the unique combination of benefits and value that a company offers to its customers. It outlines why customers should choose a particular product or service over alternatives available in the market. A strong value proposition articulates the key attributes, features, and advantages that differentiate a company's offerings and create a compelling reason for customers to purchase from them.4. SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to assess a company's internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats. By evaluating these four elements, organizations can gain insights into their overall competitive position and make informed decisions regarding market positioning, resource allocation, and risk management. SWOT analysis helps businesses identify areas of improvement, capitalize on emerging opportunities, and mitigate potential threats.5. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)Key Performance Indicators, or KPIs, are quantifiable metrics used to measure an organization's performance against its strategic objectives. These indicators help companies monitor progress, identify areas requiring improvement, and align their activities with business goals. Examples of KPIs include revenue growth, customer satisfaction, employee productivity, and market share.6. Blue Ocean StrategyBlue Ocean Strategy refers to a strategic approach that focuses on creating uncontested market space where competition is irrelevant. It involves identifying new market segments by targeting customers with differentiated products or services, thereby avoiding direct competition with existing industry players. Blue Ocean Strategy encourages innovation and breakthrough thinking to create untapped market opportunities, enabling companies to achieve sustainable growth and profit margins.7. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)Customer Relationship Management, or CRM, is a management approach that emphasizes building and maintaining effective relationships with customers. It involves collecting and analyzing customer data to gain insights into their needs, preferences, and behaviors. By leveraging this information, companies can tailor their marketing efforts and deliver personalized experiences to enhance customer satisfaction, loyalty, and retention.8. Supply Chain Management (SCM)Supply Chain Management, or SCM, encompasses the planning, implementation, and control of the flow of goods, services, and information between suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and customers. Effective SCM ensures the smooth coordination and integration of all activities involved in the value chain, from sourcing raw materials to delivering finished products to end-users. It aims to optimize efficiency, reduce costs, minimize risks, and enhance customer satisfaction.ConclusionMastering strategic business terminology is crucial for professionals seeking to navigate the intricacies of the corporate landscape successfully. This article provided English explanations for essential business layer strategic terms, shedding light on their meanings, significance, and applications. By understanding these concepts, individuals can enhance their strategic thinking, make informed decisions, and contribute to the long-term success of their organizations.。
沃尔玛职位概述(中英对照2)
1.Develop new product pipeline (including insurance product, financial product, traveling related product, convenience and healthcare product etc.), evaluate new product ideas using consumer market research, market trend forecast, financial and other analysis.
2.Monitor track the KPI for new product launching and report out timely
监控新产品KPI，并定期报告。
3.Define KPI improvement action plan
制定KPI改善计划。
People management and development
与上级主管一起制定最佳业务及财务模式，制定相应的产品开发规划,确保与公司及部门战略相一致并负责执行。
3.Manage and monitor new product launching ,tracking and evaluating process and procedure, working closely with cross functional teams across the company including operations, merchandising, ISD, marketing, finance and legal etc both in China and in U.S.
太平洋保险试题及答案
太平洋保险试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 太平洋保险公司成立于哪一年？A. 1991年B. 1996年C. 2001年D. 2006年答案：B2. 太平洋保险的主要业务包括以下哪一项？A. 人寿保险B. 财产保险C. 健康保险D. 所有以上选项答案：D3. 太平洋保险的核心价值观是什么？A. 诚信、专业、创新、共赢B. 客户至上、服务为本C. 稳健经营、持续发展D. 以人为本、追求卓越答案：A4. 太平洋保险的客户服务热线是多少？A. 95500B. 95519C. 95533D. 95511答案：B5. 太平洋保险的官方网站是什么？A. B. C. D. 答案：A6. 太平洋保险的注册资本是多少？A. 100亿元人民币B. 200亿元人民币C. 300亿元人民币D. 400亿元人民币答案：B7. 太平洋保险在以下哪个领域拥有较强的竞争力？A. 汽车保险B. 健康保险C. 人寿保险D. 所有以上选项答案：D8. 太平洋保险的企业文化中，以下哪一项不是其核心理念？A. 客户至上B. 创新发展C. 稳健经营D. 利润最大化答案：D9. 太平洋保险的社会责任包括以下哪一项？A. 环境保护B. 社会公益C. 员工关怀D. 所有以上选项答案：D10. 太平洋保险的发展历程中，以下哪个事件不是其重要里程碑？A. 成立中国太平洋保险（集团）股份有限公司B. 成立中国太平洋财产保险股份有限公司C. 成立中国太平洋人寿保险股份有限公司D. 成立中国太平洋健康保险股份有限公司答案：D二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）11. 太平洋保险的主要产品包括以下哪些？A. 财产保险B. 人寿保险C. 健康保险D. 意外伤害保险E. 投资型保险答案：ABCDE12. 太平洋保险的企业文化中，以下哪些是其核心价值观？A. 诚信B. 专业C. 创新D. 共赢E. 稳健答案：ABCD13. 太平洋保险在以下哪些方面为客户提供服务？A. 理赔服务B. 咨询服务C. 增值服务D. 售后服务E. 风险管理服务答案：ABCDE14. 太平洋保险的社会责任包括以下哪些方面？A. 环境保护B. 社会公益C. 员工关怀D. 客户服务E. 企业治理答案：ABCDE15. 太平洋保险的发展历程中，以下哪些事件是其重要里程碑？A. 成立中国太平洋保险（集团）股份有限公司B. 成立中国太平洋财产保险股份有限公司C. 成立中国太平洋人寿保险股份有限公司D. 成立中国太平洋健康保险股份有限公司E. 成立中国太平洋资产管理有限责任公司答案：ABCE三、判断题（每题2分，共10分）16. 太平洋保险是中国最早的保险公司之一。
国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)
Unit 1~2 Mercantilism重商主义Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff配额和关税Zero-sum game零和博弈Positive-sum game常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期Economies of scale 规模经济First mover advantage先占优势Barrier to entry进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑Trade acceptance商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易1.波特钻石理论的主要内容①Factor endowments ②Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry③ Demand conditions ④Relating and supporting industries2.对等贸易的主要类型和优缺点①Types of countertradeCountertrade has evolved into a diverse set of activities that can be categorized as five distinct types of trading arrangements: barter, counter purchase, offset, switch trading, and compensation or buyback②The pros and cons of countertrade优：① The main attraction of countertrade is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available.② Thus if a firm is unwilling to enter into a countertrade agreement, it may lose an export opportunity to a competitor that is willing to make a countertrade agreement.缺：① Countertrade contracts may involve the exchange of unusable or poor-quality goods that the firm cannot dispose of profitably② In addition, even if the goods it receives are of high quality, the firm still needs to dispose of them profitably.Unit 3Strategic alliance 战略联盟Licensing 许可证Joint venture 合资经营Contracting 承包经营Partnership 合资人Return on investment 投资回报率Franchising 特许经营Contract manufacturing 生产承包Management contracting 管理承包1.许可贸易的优缺点优：①The basic advantage in licensing as contrasted to other approaches is theease and low cost of entering a foreign market.②Licensing is also advantageous in that it can be used to test a foreignmarket without the risk of capital loss should the market not be receptive to the manufacturer’s product.缺：①The greatest disadvantages to the licensor are that a potential competitoris set up.②There is a lack of control over production and marketing.③There may be incomplete market exploration.Unit 4Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资Small and medium-sized firms 中小企业Horizontal FDI 横向外国直接投资Vertical FDI 纵向外国直接投资Product life cycle 产品生命周期Backward vertical FDI 后移纵向外国直接投资Forward vertical FDI 前移纵向外国直接投资Transportation costs 运输成本Market impediments 市场阻碍Market power 市场力量Oligopoly 寡头垄断Specialized assets 特殊资产1.影响横向对外投资的因素①Transportation costs ②Market imperfections④Following competitors ④The product life cycle2.What are the impediments to the sale of know-how?①Licensing may result in a firm’s giving away its technological know-how to a potential foreign competitor.②Licensing does not give a firm the tight control over manufacturing, marketing, and strategy in a foreign country that may be required to profitably exploit tis advantage in know-how.③A firm’s know-how may not be amenable to licensing.Unit 5Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率制OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Floating exchange rate regime 浮动汇率制Plaza Accord 和平广场协议Louvre Accord 卢浮宫协议Foreign exchange market 外汇市场European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系EMSExchange Rate Mechanism 汇率机制ERMEuropean Currency Unit欧元 ECUTrade deficit贸易赤字Real interest 实际利息Balance of payment 收支平衡表Forward market 期货市场Swaps 掉期交易1. 布雷顿森林体系/固定汇率制瓦解的主要原因As the only currency that could be converted into gold, and as the currency that served as the reference point for all others①It was financed by an increase in the money supply, which, in turn, led to a rise in price inflation from less than 4percent in 1966 to dose to 9 percent by 1968②The rise in government spending had stimulated the economy③Gave rise to speculation in the foreign exchange market that the dollar would be devalued④Weakening dollars lose its credibility.2. What are the reasons for the unexpected rise in the dollar between 1980 and 1985, and what are the reasons for the rapid fall of the US dollar between 1985 and 1987?The reasons for the unexpected rise in the value of the dollar between 1980 and 1985:①Strong economic growth in the US attracted heavy inflows of capital from foreign investors seeking high returns on capital assets.②High real interest rate attracted foreign investors seeking high vellums on financial assets③Political turmoil in other parts of the world.The reasons for 1985 and 1987：The fall in the value of the dollar between 1985 and 198 was caused by a combination of government intervention and market forces.Unit 6Common law 普通法Code civil law 成文法Roman law 罗马法Industrial property right 工业产权Act of god 不可抗力Element forces of nature 天灾自然因素Arbitration 仲裁Conciliation 调节Litigation 诉讼World court at the Hague 海牙国际法庭Tribunals for arbitration 仲裁庭U.N. convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of ForeignArbitral/Awards 联合国承认和执行外国仲裁裁决公约International Chamber of commerce 国际商会1. What are the differences between two legal systems in solving commercial disputes?①Under common law, commercial disputes are subject to laws which may be applied to either civil or commercial disputes since there is no specific recognition of commercial problems as such.②Code law differs in that there is a separate code specifically designed for business2. What are the procedures used by formal arbitration organizations? The usual arbitration procedure is for the parties involved to select a disinterested and informed party or parties as referee to determine the merits of the case and make a judgment that both parties agree to honor.Unit 7Intellectual property rights 知识产权Trade mark copyright, patents, trade secrets 商标权，版权，专利权，商业秘密Intangible assets, tangible assets 无形资产，有形资产Trademark registration 商标注册Generic terms 通称Infringement 侵权GATT 关贸总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade1. What does intellectual property right consist of?①It consists of the products of individual’s minds—products that result from intellectual, creative processes.②Trademarks, copyrights and patents are all forms of intellectual propertyUnit 8The TRIPS agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协议Need Hierarchy 需求层次理论Self-reference criterion 自我参考标准The adoption process 接纳过程理论High-context cultures 高背景文化Low-context cultures 低背景文化Poly-chromic time 多元化时间观Mono-chromic time 单一性时间观Perception 观念1. What are the characteristics of culture?①It is not innate, but learned②The various facts of culture are interrelated-touch a culture in one place andeverything else is affected.③It is shared by the members of a group and defines the boundaries betweendifferent groups.2. What are the main contents of Need Hierarchy theory?①Self-actualization ②Esteem ③Social ④Safety ⑤Physiological3. What is the concept of adoption process? How many stages will a person undergo before he can finally purchase a new product?Adoption process─through which an individual passes from the time of his or her first knowledge of an innovation to the time of adopting or purchase of the innovation.These stages are as follows: ①awareness ②interest ③evaluation④trial ⑤adoption4. What are the adopter categories? What is the feature for early adopter?Adopter categories are classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness. They include innovators、early adopters, the early majority, the late majority and laggards.The future for early adopter: They tend to be younger, have higher social status and in a more favorable financial position than later adopter. They must be responsive to mass-media information sources and must learn about innovation form these sourcesbecause they cannot simply copy the behavior of earlier adopters.Unit 9Organizational behavior组织行为学Multinational Corporation 跨国公司Maquiladoras 马基拉朵拉工厂Parochialism 地方主义NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定North American Free Trade AgreementKluckhohn-Strudtbeck framework 克拉克洪─斯托特柏克构架Hofstede framework 霍夫斯诺德构架BRICS 金砖五国巴西俄罗斯印度中国南非APEC 亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation1. Identify the sic cultural dimensions in the Kluckhohn-strodtbeck framework.①Relationship to the environment ②time orientation③nature of people ④Activity orientation⑤focus of responsibility ⑥conception of space2. Explain the dimensions of national culture in Hofstede framework.①Individualism versus collectivism②power distance③uncertainty avoidance④masculinity versus femininity。
增值业务英语
增值业务英语随着全球经济的发展，越来越多的公司开始关注如何通过增值业务来提高竞争力。
增值业务是指在原有产品或服务的基础上，为顾客提供更多的附加价值，例如售后服务、定制化服务、增值咨询等等。
本篇文章将介绍增值业务相关的英语词汇和表达方式，帮助读者更好地了解和使用增值业务英语。
1. Value-added service/ Value-added product增值服务/ 增值产品2. Customization定制化服务3. After-sales service售后服务4. Consultancy service咨询服务5. Premium附加价值6. Upsell升级销售7. Cross-sell交叉销售8. Loyalty program忠诚度计划9. Customer retention客户留存10. Personalization个性化定制11. Bundle捆绑销售12. Special offer特价优惠13. Referral program推荐计划14. Reward program奖励计划15. Upscale高端化16. Innovation创新17. Differentiation差异化18. Branding品牌塑造19. Competitive advantage竞争优势20. Market positioning市场定位以上是增值业务英语中常用的词汇和表达方式。
当涉及到增值业务时，这些词汇和表达方式可帮助读者更好地表达和理解相关概念和想法。
市场营销中的竞争优势
市场营销中的竞争优势市场竞争激烈，企业如何在激烈的竞争环境中脱颖而出，实现持续发展和成长呢？答案就在于竞争优势的建立与运用。
竞争优势是企业在市场中相对于竞争对手所拥有的独特资源、能力或者掌握的战略因素。
本文将从不同角度对市场营销中的竞争优势进行探讨，帮助企业寻找并实现自身的竞争优势。
一、产品和服务的差异化在市场中，有着类似产品和服务的竞争对手众多。
只有通过差异化来提高产品和服务的价值，才能赢得消费者的青睐。
差异化可以通过产品功能、设计、质量、品牌形象等方面来实现。
企业需要通过市场调研和深入了解目标消费群体的需求，找到市场上尚未满足的痛点，并独创性地提供解决方案。
通过独特的产品和服务差异化，企业可以获得竞争优势，赢得更多的市场份额。
二、成本领先成本领先是企业在同类竞争对手中通过有效地控制和降低成本，提供更具价格优势的产品或服务。
成本领先可以通过多方面的途径实现，如更高效的生产工艺、优化供应链、大规模生产等。
企业在追求成本领先的同时，也要保证产品或服务的品质和性能，以满足消费者的基本需求。
成本领先使企业能够在激烈的市场竞争中保持较高的利润率，并以更具竞争力的价格吸引消费者。
三、创新能力创新是企业在市场中获取竞争优势的重要手段。
创新并不仅仅是指产品或服务的创新，也包括市场营销模式、运营方式、技术研发等方面的创新。
企业需要不断地改进和创新，才能适应市场的变化和消费者的需求。
通过引入新技术、开发新产品、提供个性化的服务等方式，企业能够吸引更多消费者，赢得市场份额。
四、品牌形象和口碑品牌是企业在市场中的重要资产，能够赋予企业产品或服务的独特性和认可度。
建立强大的品牌形象需要良好的产品质量、优质的服务以及积极的市场推广。
企业要通过品牌塑造营销策略，强调自身的核心价值和竞争优势，树立品牌形象。
同时，积极借助社交媒体和口碑传播，提升品牌的知名度和美誉度，吸引更多的消费者选择自己的产品或服务。
五、客户关系管理客户关系管理是企业建立竞争优势的重要环节。
公司产品介绍必备英文术语
公司产品介绍必备英文术语1. Product Features（产品特点）Innovation（创新）Quality（质量）Performance（性能）Durability（耐用性）UserFriendly（易用性）2. Target Market（目标市场）Demographics（人口统计）Geographics（地理分布）Psychographics（心理特征）3. Competitive Advantage（竞争优势）Price（价格）Brand Reputation（品牌声誉）Customization（定制化）AfterSales Service（售后服务）4. Product Lifecycle（产品生命周期）Introduction Stage（引入期）Growth Stage（成长期）Maturity Stage（成熟期）Decline Stage（衰退期）5. Marketing Strategies（营销策略）Online Marketing（线上营销）Offline Marketing（线下营销）Content Marketing（内容营销）Social Media Marketing（社交媒体营销）6. Distribution Channels（分销渠道）Direct Sales（直销）Indirect Sales（间接销售）Retailers（零售商）7. Pricing Strategy（定价策略）CostBased Pricing（成本导向定价）ValueBased Pricing（价值导向定价）Penetration Pricing（渗透定价）Skimming Pricing（撇脂定价）当然，让我们继续深入探讨这些术语在实际应用中的更多细节。
8. Customer Engagement（客户参与）Feedback Loop（反馈循环）Customer Surveys（客户调查）User Reviews（用户评价）Community Building（社区建设）9. Technical Specifications（技术规格）Dimensions（尺寸）Materials（材料）Power Requirements（电源需求）Compatibility（兼容性）Certifications（认证）10. Sales Forecasting（销售预测）Market Analysis（市场分析）Trend Analysis（趋势分析）Historical Data（历史数据）Sales Funnel（销售漏斗）11. Product Development（产品开发）Research and Development（研发）Prototyping（原型制作）Beta Testing（beta测试）Iteration（迭代）12. Intellectual Property（知识产权）Patents（专利）Trademarks（商标）Copyrights（版权）Trade Secrets（商业秘密）13. Supply Chain Management（供应链管理） Procurement（采购）Inventory Management（库存管理）Logistics（物流）Vendor Management（供应商管理）14. International Trade（国际贸易）Import and Export（进出口）Tariffs and Duties（关税和税费）International Shipping（国际运输）Currency Exchange（货币兑换）15. Customer Support（客户支持）Help Desk（帮助台）Warranty Services（保修服务）Training and Support（培训与支持）Multilingual Support（多语言支持）在使用这些术语时，记得要将它们融入到生动的案例和故事中，这样不仅能更好地吸引听众的注意力，还能帮助他们更深刻地理解您的产品。
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Ten Characteristics of Successful
as per capita income rises
❖ Tourism stimulates demand for many services
❖ Increased sophistication in manufacturing may involve emphasis on value-added services
❖ Service to intermediaries -- help them to do a better job selling products to end users
❖ Service to suppliers -- builds relationships and makes purchaser an attractive customer
and customers ❖ Exceptional at anticipating and resolving
problems ❖ Take a long term view
2
❖ Success factors in service-driven businesses
❖ Creating value for customers through service
增值服务是战略竞争优势(英文)
Overview
❖ Success factors in service-driven businesses
❖ Creating value for customers through service
❖ The Flower of Service: core and supplementary elements
❖ Customer loyalty creates value for the firm ❖ Some strategies to improve success
Why Effective Management of
Services
Will Become More Important for
China ❖ More demand for services from domestic consumers
❖ The Flower of Service: core and supplementary elements
❖ Customer loyalty creates value for the firm
❖ Some Strategies to Improve Success
Creating and Keeping Customers:
Service Businesses
❖ Clear statement of market position relative to competitors and target customers
❖ Easy to do business with for customers and suppliers ❖ Focus on building customer loyalty by creating value ❖ Open to innovation and new ways of working ❖ Seek continuous improvements on quality and
❖ Entry of international service firms into Chinese market transfers expertise
❖ Government economic and social policies often emphasise improved services
productivity
Ten Characteristics of Successful Service Businesses (cont)
❖ Make intelligent use of technology ❖ Invest in recruitment, training, and
motivation of employees ❖ Actively seek feedback from employees
“There caVnablue enoiscotrphoeraKteestyrategy that
is not marketing oriented. The purpose of a business is to create
and keep a customer. To do that youБайду номын сангаасhave to do those things
The Many Faces of Service
❖ Service is the core product of the industry (e.g., insurance, transport, hotels, banking)
❖ Service supplements and adds value to a manufactured good – manufacturer provides service to end users – intermediary provides the service (e.g., retailer)
that will make people want to do business with you.”
THEODORE LEVITT
How Perceived Value Affects Customer Choice
❖ Customers relate value of benefits received from a good or service to the costs of acquisition/usage