备战2018年高考英语纠错专题-动词的时态和语态

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2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)

2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)

2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练在高考英语中,动词的时态和语态是重中之重,试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时,注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。

要了解几种时态的一些常规规则,答题时要研读题干,搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”,尤其要注意一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理;表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来;表示预计或规定;方位副词或介词短语放在句首,主语是名词,且全部倒装时,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作;还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。

练一练:用所给词的适当形式填空:①I'll go there after I ________(finish) my work.②The water will be further polluted unless some measures ________(take).③My train ________(leave) at 6:30.④A snow ________(expect) to come next week.⑤Here ________(come) the bus.⑥This kind of cloth ________(wash) well.⑦Don't take it away. It ________(belong) to me.⑧He said water________(boil) at 100 ℃.考点2一般过去时和现在完成时一般过去时(标志词:yesterday,just now,last year,the other day等)表示动作发生在过去,和现在毫无关系。

现在完成时(标志词:since,in the past/last years,just,recent(ly),lately,so far=up to now=up until now=by now,already,yet,several/many/...times)则强调的是对现在的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。

2018年高考英语外研版一轮复习课件:语法专项 一、动词的时态和语态 精品

2018年高考英语外研版一轮复习课件:语法专项 一、动词的时态和语态 精品

【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空 (2016·北京高考)Jack______(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.
解题关键: 根据句意“Jack正在实验室工作的时候突然 停电了。”以及关键词occurred可知, 此句型是 was/were doing. . . when. . . 结构。 答案判定: was working
现在进 主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作 行时 或状态, 常跟时间状语now, at present等连用
*He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isn’t writing at present.
【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空 (2015·北京高考)I______(write)to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.
(2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般过去时代替过 去将来时。 *He said he would not go if it rained. (3)表达“原以为/本来认为/原希望”等意义时, know, think, expect等动词常用一般过去时。 *I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没料到会在这里碰见你。
③be about to do sth. 表示即将要发生某事。该结构通 常不与具体的时间状语连用。 *The train is about to leave.
【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空 (2015·全国卷Ⅱ)If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we________(wait)for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.

2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 动词时态和语态(1)(讲)(含解析)新人教版必修3

2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 动词时态和语态(1)(讲)(含解析)新人教版必修3

动词时态语态复习(1)动词的时态和语态【高考考纲解读】时态与语态一直是热点,也是广大考生复习备考的难点。

考纲要求考生应该具备较强的语言应用能力,能在具体语境中恰当、准确地使用某一特定时态;熟练掌握常见的8种时态,同时还要熟练运用特殊时态句式和用法以及不用被动式但表示被动的动词和短语。

高考对时态的考查非常灵活且难度较大,不易把握。

大部分时态题答案的选择取决于题干语境;但也有部分时态试题较易把握,其用法相对固定,常见于特定句式结构中;还有部分常见时态用法特殊。

时态的考查主要集中在完成时,进行时等主干时态的掌握上。

要求学生熟练掌握几种主干时态的基本概念,解题时充分挖掘时间副词,短语,时间状语从句提供的信息。

在复习时态时应注意如下几点:⑴吃透语境,摸清作者的意图。

⑵准确判断动作和时间的关系。

(即动作是在什么时间发生的)⑶正确理解时间概念。

(大的时间:现在、过去、将来;小的时间:时间段,时间点,时间瞬间)⑷找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。

例如:一般现在时,现在进行时(现在时间的交叉点)。

高考对被动语态的考查热点主要是及物动词在被动语态中的使用。

被动语态与主动语态一样,也有多种时态。

被动语态的完成时态和进行时态中,考生往往漏掉been或being。

因此被动语态的各种常用时态的构成,仍是高考命题的热点之一。

【重点知识整合】动词的时态一、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别1.一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的,与其他时间没有牵连。

它所表示的事情纯属过去与现在情况没有联系。

现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去的某个或某段时间。

它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系,是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。

2.一般过去时常用的状语有yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, at that time 等;现在完成时常用的状语有already, just (刚刚), yet, never, before 等;表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语有:today, now, lately, recently, in the last / past few days / years (在过去的这几天/年里)。

备战2018年高考英语 考点一遍过专题15 非谓语动词(含解析)

备战2018年高考英语 考点一遍过专题15 非谓语动词(含解析)

考点15非谓语动词高考频度:★★★★★【命题解读】非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一,它不仅有时态的变化、语态的不同,而且还要格外注意其所表达的逻辑关系,这些都是非谓语动词用法的难点。

近年来,高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出,所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有:现在分词和过去分词基础知识;现在分词和过去分词句法功能;现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析;现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成;现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。

另外,对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能;对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。

【命题预测】预测2018年高考非谓语动词仍将是考查的重点。

非谓语动词在语法填空、短文改错中考查的份额很重。

【复习建议】1. 掌握非谓语动词的基本用法和含义;2. 掌握非谓语动词的时态和语态;3. 掌握非谓语动词的句法功能;4. 掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语意下的运用。

非谓语动词的形式和意义考向一非谓语动词作状语1.不定式作状语(1)作目的状语。

注意其他非谓语动词形式不能用作目的状语。

☞To keep themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories.为了不至于睡着,他们坐在地板上轮流着讲故事。

(2)作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果,经常与only连用。

☞We hurried to the station,only to be told that the train had left.我们急匆匆赶到车站,结果被告知火车已开走了。

(3)作原因状语①形容词或过去分词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语。

常见词有:happy,lucky,sorry,proud,disappointed,surprised,ready,delighted,clever,foolish,pleased等。

2018届高考语法精讲:动词时态和语态

2018届高考语法精讲:动词时态和语态

动词的时态和语态各种时态构成表:(以do 为例)一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在do/does is/am/are doing has/have done has/have been doing过去did was /were doing had done had been doing将来shall/will do shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing过去将来would do would be doing would have done would have been doing一、一般现在时:动词原形或第三人称单数1.构成:使用动词原形,第三人称单数须有变化。

(1)直接加“s”:work→works,take→takes(2)以辅音加“y”结尾,变“y”为“i”,再加“es”:carry→carries(3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”:go→goes,dress→dresses,watch→watches,finish→fin ishes2.功能:(1)表现在的事实、状态或动作。

例如:①I have a dream.②She loves music.③Mary's parents get up very early.(2)表习惯性动作或职业,常与often,sometimes,usually,always,every week,occasionally,frequently,seldom 等时间副词连用。

例如:①I always take a walk after supper.②She writes to me very often.③She is an English teacher.(3)表客观真理,格言警句或事实。

例如:①The earth moves around the sun.②The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.③Two and two makes four.④No man but errs.(4)表示将来发生的动作:A.在由when,after, before,as,as soon as,although,because,if,even if,in case,till,until,unless,as long as,where,whatever,wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。

2018年-高考英语-语法--动词时态与语态-专项复习(含答案)

2018年-高考英语-语法--动词时态与语态-专项复习(含答案)

2018年高考英语语法--动词时态与语态40题专项复习一、单项填空:1.Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientistwhose theories would change the world.A.has been B.had been C.was going to beD.was2.He must have sensed that I ________ him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,“Why are you staring at me like that?”A.would look at B.looked at C.was looking at D.am looking at3.It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come.A.will be building B.will be builtC.has been building D.has been built4.Dashan, who_________crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it upwith the Western stand-up tradition.A.will be learning B.is learningC.had been learning D.has been learning5.I’m tired out.I________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.A.shoppedB.have shoppedC.had shoppedD.have been shopping6.—Mum,you should have taken me to the park this morning.—I had planned to,but I couldn’t afford the time.I ________ a lecture.A.had given B.gave C.was giving D.would give7.I like these English songs and they ________ many times on the radio.A.taught B.have taught C.are taught D.have been taught8.—I guess you can buy such a smart phone for 300 dollars.—I could just two months ago,but the price ________ by 20%.A.went up B.had gone up C.has gone up D.goes up9.In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat____ cut.A.will have been B.will be C.was D.has been10.He must have sensed that I ________ him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why areyou staring at me like that?"A.would look at B.looked at C.was looking at D.am looking at11.In the last few years,China ________ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making12.—Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.—Oh!I thought they ________ without me.A.went B.are going C.have gone D.had gone13.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A.are being built B.will be builtC.have been built D.had been built14.Tom is very happy in China during this period because his Chinese ________ every day.A.has improved B.is improvingC.Improved D.is improved15.—Where is Peter?I can’t find him anywhere.—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his essay there ever since.A.wrote B.had written C.has been writingD.is writing16.—Help me out in the kitchen and I ________ you to a cup of coffee.—Sounds good.A.will treat B.treat C.am treating D.have treated17.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but ________ thankfully by the shopwindow.A.am held back B.held back C.hold back D.was held back18.—Is Peter coming?—No, he____ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A.changes B.changed C.was changing D.had changed19.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement ________ so far by the two sides.A.has been reached B.was reachedC.will reach D.will have reached20.The real reason why prices ____ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion cansatisfactorily explain this problem.A.were B.will be C.have been D.had been21.Silk ______ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had becomeB. B.was becomingC.has become D.is becoming22.—P eter! Let’s hurry.The boss is coming.—Oh,I was afraid that we ________ her.A.miss B.had missed C.will miss D.have missed23.—The plane is leaving right now,but Jim hasn’t arrived yet.—Well,he said he________here on time.A.came B.would come C.can be D.will be24.—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I ________ him later.A.will call B.have called C.call D.will be calling25.At college, Barack O bama didn’t know that he the first black president of the UnitedStates of America.A.was to become B.becomes C.is to becomeD.became 26.—Good evening.I ________to see Miss Mary.—Oh,good evening.I’m sorry,but she is not in.A.came B.come C.have come D.had come27.Whatever you have found,you should give it back to whomever it ________.A.is belonged to B.is belonging toC.belonged to D.belongs to28.I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________, "What do you wish me to do now?"A.ask B.have asked C.am asking D.asked29.Mary really hard on his book and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.A.worked B.has been workingC.had worked D.has worked30.Just an hour ago he was telling me on the phone that he ________ home right after the work.A.comes B.came C.would come D.will come31.—Do you think he can get the first prize for jumping?—Impossible now.He ________ to do so,but he has just hurt his leg.A.would expect B.was expected C.has expected D.is expected32.—I wonder what makes you a successful manager.—I ________ as a waiter for five years,which contributes a lot to my today’s work.A.serve B.have served C.had served D.served33.Now the world’s attention ________ the stock markets,as they have a great influence on theworld’s economy.A.is fixing on B.has fixed onC.is being fixed on D.had been fixed on34.It is the first time that Brazil ________ the right to host the modern Olympics.A.had had B.has C.had D.has had35.In the last few years,China ___ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making36.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at tha ttime.A.will teach B.would teach C.has taught D.will be teaching37.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.A.has been reached B.was reachedC.will reach D.will have reached38.—Tom is so joyful that he smiles at everyone.—So ________ you if you get the first in the exam.A.do B.are C.would D.will39.—Did you enjoy the party?—Yes.We ________ well by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be treatedC.treated D.had treated40.—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I____ him later.A.will call B.have called C.call D will be calling参考答案1.答案为:C2.答案为:C解析:考查时态。

专题08动词的时态和语态(易错起源)_2018年高考英语备考黄金易错点Word版含解析

专题08动词的时态和语态(易错起源)_2018年高考英语备考黄金易错点Word版含解析

1. (2017·北京)People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer asa result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had【答案】B【解析】句意:人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险,结果他们更长寿。

与过去对比是现在,所以than前一句话是用现在的时间,而且后一句用的就是现在时态,所以前面也用现在时态,故选B。

2.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)...However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six ter, engineers ________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.【答案】managed3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah says,“My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment,school ________ (come) first...【解析】此处表示但目前,学校是第一位的。

根据语境可知,这里指的是一般情况,因此用一般现在时态。

考生容易受时间状语at the moment的影响,误填现在进行时或者现在完成时。

【答案】comes4、(2017江苏)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.A. was being followedB. was followingC. had been followedD. followed【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。

【推荐】题型02 语法填空(题型解读)-备战2018年高考英语之新题型五合一考前冲关计划

【推荐】题型02 语法填空(题型解读)-备战2018年高考英语之新题型五合一考前冲关计划

题型二语法填空考试大纲要求考纲解读【考点统计】2015—2017年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计【考情分析】从统计表可以看出,语法填空题主要考查考生对语法、词汇和语用知识的掌握情况。

根据具体语境,借助词法、句法、特殊句式以及固定搭配进行考査,体现了"考查实词为主,考查虚词为辅"的命题原则。

有提示词类试题比重大。

表中统计表明,高考试题中语法填空题有提示词类试题均占考查总量的70%。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. Bu t for tourists like me, pandas are its top 1 (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 2 (allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 3 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 4 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 5 I was the first Western TV reporter 6 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 7 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 8 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 10 other is with mum — she never suspects.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

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动词的时态和语态易错点 1 一般过去时和现在完成时的混用1.I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____________ too busy. A. was been B. had been C. would be D. would have【错因分析】此题容易误选 B 或 D,认为前句用了 had hoped,这里是表示"我本来希望去车 站为她送行的,但是我太忙了",忙是过去的一个事实,而 B 是过去完成时,表示过去的过 去发生的动作;D 项的"would have been"是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是" 本来会做",均与语境不符,所以此处不能选 B 或 D。

【参考答案】A一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 1. 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态,或者单纯叙述过去的事情,强调 动作;现在完成时强调过去的事情对现在的影响。

I was an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. (表示在过去一段时间里一直存在的状态,与现在没有联系。

表明现在已不是英语老师 了。

) I have been an English teacher in No.1 Middle School for twenty years. (表明截止到现在在第一中学已任教二十年了,与现在有联系。

) 2. 一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用或无 时间状语。

He wrote many plays when he was at college.-1-(有明确的表示过去的时间状语,表示写剧本是他过去做的事情。

) He has written many plays. (没有时间状语,本句表明他是剧作家。

)2. I made many good friends in the past few years. (单句改错)【答案】made 前加上 have 【名师点睛】"in/ during the past/ last+years / months / days..."是完成时态的时 间标志之一,而 in the past 则要与过去式连用。

1. 现在完成时的用法 ①现在完成时的"完成用法" 现在完成时用来表示过去发生或完成的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,强 调的是这个影响或结果,常与 already(肯定) ,yet(否定,疑问) ,just,before,recently, still,lately 等时间状语连用。

②现在完成时的"未完成用法" 指动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,并可能还要继续下去。

这里的动词要用 延续性动词。

常与 for(+时间段) ,since(+时间点)等时间状语连用。

2. 现在完成时的标志词 ①当句中有 never,ever,just,already,yet,before 等时,常用现在完成时。

②当句中有"for +时间段"或"since +时间点"等时,主句常用现在完成时,谓语动 词必须是延续性动词,若是非延续性动词,要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。

3. 现在完成时的常用固定句型 ①since 句型:It + is/has been + 一段时间 + since...,在此句型中,主句常用现在 完成时或一般现在时,从句用一般过去时。

It is/has been ten years since he came here. 他来这儿已经十年了。

②This / That / It is the first (second,third...) time (that) sb have done sth-2-This is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次来这儿。

③在"This / That / It is the + 形容词最高级+名词+(that)从句"中,从句要用 现在完成时。

This is the most wonderful novel I’ve ever seen. 这是我所看过的最精彩的一本 小说。

易错点 2 一般过去时和过去进行时的混用1.(2016﹒浙江)The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ___________ in his place but,luckily,everything was going on smoothly. A. gave D. had given B. gives C. was giving【错因分析】有些考生看到 was worried about 就马上想到要用一般过去时,于是误选 A。

根 据句意可知, give 所表示的动作和 was worried 这一动作是同时发生的, 指在担心的时候 give 这一动作正在进行,因此要用过去进行时。

【参考答案】C过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 1. 一般过去时表示已经完成的动作,过去进行时表示未完成、正在进行的动作。

I read a novel this morning. 上午我看了一本小说。

(已经看完) I was reading a novel this morning. 上午我在看小说。

(可能没看完) 2. 持续发生的动作用过去进行时,中间插入发生的动作用一般过去时。

I broke a glass while I was cooking dinner. 做饭时我打碎了一只玻璃杯。

-3-2. Mr Smith ______________ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether he has finished it. A. has written D. was writing 【解析】全句意为"史密斯先生去年在写一本书,但我不知道他现在是否写完了"。

由 but I don’t know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境可知,只知道在写,但是不知道 是否已经写完,因此要用过去进行时态。

【答案】D 【名师点睛】有的同学可能由于受 last year 的影响而误选 B,但若选 B,则句子前半部 分的意思则变成了"史密斯先生去年写了一本书",既然是"写了",那么这与下文的"但 我不知道他现在是否写完了"相矛盾。

易错点 3 一般过去时和过去完成时的混用 B. wrote C. had written1. —Got your driving license? —No. I______ too busy to have enough practice, so I didn’t take the driving test last week. A. was been B. am C. have been D. had【错因分析】问句中 Got your driving license? 为 Have you got your driving license? 的省略表达,该句对选项无影响。

决定选项动词时态的是答句中的 so I didn’t take the driving test last week,分析句意可知,动作发生在后一动作之前,表示过去的过去,故 应用过去完成时。

【参考答案】D-4-一般过去时与过去完成时的区别: 一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生、并且一下子就完成了的动作(即:非持续性动 作) ,也可以表示过去习惯性的动作。

一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去。

1. 一般过去时的基本用法: (1)带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时,注意在谈到已死去的人的情况时,多用 过去时。

(2)表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时,这种情况下,往往没有表示过去的时间 状语,而通过上下文来表示。

(3)表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作,常与 always,never 等连用。

(4)如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用 used to do。

(5)有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存 在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点很容易出错,要特别注意! 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。

它表示句子中描 述的动作发生在"过去的过去"。

2. 过去完成时的基本用法 (1)表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,即"过去的过去"。

可以用 by, before 等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示,也可以用表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上 下文来表示。

(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和 for, since 构成的时间状语连用。

(3)叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生 的动作时,常使用过去完成时。

(4)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去 完成时。

(5)过去完成时常常用在宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表 示的过去的动作之前。

2. —Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house?-5-—Not really.She______________ us clear directions and we were able to find iteasily. A.was to give D.would give 【答案】B B.had given C.was giving【名师点睛】一些考生可能会在做本题时,看到 were able to 就想当然地认为这里应该用一 般过去时,在分析了语境之后,我们可以知道 give 发生在过去的过去,因此要用过去完成时。

易错点 4 一般现在时表示将来1. You’d better write down her phone number before you ________________ it. A. forget D. will forget B. are forgetting C. forgot【错因分析】 此题考生易误选 D 项, 认为 forget 根据语境可以知道是将来可能会发生的动作, 因此要用一般将来时,而忽略了时间状语从句中"主将从现"这一原则。

【试题解析】句意:你最好记下电话号码以免忘记。

before 引导一个表示"将来"的时间状 语从句。

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