2.the greek culture(to students)天津大学西方文化课件
4.an eye for an eye (to students)天津大学西方文化课件
Matthew effect
“For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath." (Matthew XXV:29, King James Version.)
6th Century BC
['sinəgɔg]
Neo-Babylonia
The Destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, Under the Command of Titus, A.D. 70
New Testament:
Gospels
Matthew Mark Luke John
Bethlehem
Nazareth
Messiah
30
Jesus was Baptized by John the Baptist
The Last Supper
Betrayal of Judas
The Crucifixion
by Andrea Mantegna; Louvre, Paris
Christian h's Ark
Rainbow
Ham Shem Japheth
Babel
Ancient Babylonia
Canaan
(Promised Land)
★
Abraham
He fathered
Isaac &
Ishmael,
representing Judaism & Islam.
天津大学考博英语翻译真题解析—育明考博
天津大学考博英语翻译真题解析 The market share of international students enjoyed by British andUS universities has dropped sharply as Australia，Japan and NewZealand become increasingly popular destinations，according to aninternational comparison of education systems published yesterday.The latest edition of Education at a Glance，an annual auditpublished by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation andDevelopment，showed that although foreign students continue to beattracted to the two countries because of the English languageteaching and perceived quality of education，in relative terms theirposition is weakening.The Paris-based organisation reported that US market share fell2 per cent from 2002-3，while the UK suffered the fastest decline amongOECD members，falling from 16.2 per cent in 1998 to 13.5 percent in2003.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) The most recent year used by the report is 2003 so the percentagesdid not include a 21.3 per cent fall in the number of Chinese studentsaccepted for university courses in Britain this year. Britain isincreasingly reliant on the higher fees paid by students from outsidethe European Union to help sustain its universities for domesticstudents.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) The overall number of students studying outside their owncountries stood at 2.1m in 2003，an 8.3 percent annual average increasesince 1998.According to the report the international complexion of US campuses has changed strikingly since September 11 2001. The country''s universities have seen decreases of 10-37 per cent in students from the Gulf states，northern Africa and some south-east Asian countries.The report also concluded that despite continued，if uneven，growth in the number of graduates churned out by the rich world''s universities，the monetary value of a degree showed no sign of having been tarnished.Andreas Schleicher，head of the Indicators and Analysis Division of the OECD''s Directorate of Education，said there was no evidence of inflation of the labour-market value of qualifications and that graduates could expect to continue to earn considerably more than those without a degree.Assessing the performance of the world''s schools，Mr Schleicher said Asia was soaring while Europe remained level and South America had slipped into relative decline.一、全文翻译英美大学留学生人数骤跌据昨天公布的一项国际教育体系比较研究称，英美大学的留学生市场份额急剧下降，而澳大利亚、日本和新西兰日益成为受欢迎的留学目的地。
天津大学学术交流英语教材
天津大学学术交流英语教材Introduction:Welcome to the Tianjin University Academic Exchange English textbook! This textbook aims to provide students with the essential knowledge and skills needed to effectively communicate in academic settings. Through various chapters, we will explore different aspects of academic exchange, from writing research papers to delivering presentations and engaging in scholarly discussions.Chapter 1: Academic Writing:In this chapter, we will delve into the fundamentals of academic writing. Students will learn about the structure, style, and language conventions specific to academic contexts. Additionally, we will cover techniques for paraphrasing, citing sources, and avoiding plagiarism. Through practical exercises and examples, students will be able to develop their academic writing skills.Chapter 2: Research Skills:Research is an integral part of academic exchange. In this chapter, students will be introduced to various research methodologies and techniques, including literature review, data collection, and analysis. We will also explore the importance of critically evaluating sources and synthesizing information effectively. By the end of this chapter, students will have the necessary skills to conduct independent research.Chapter 3: Presentation Skills:Being able to present research findings and ideas effectively is essential in academic settings. In this chapter, students will learn how to plan and organize presentations, capture audience attention, and effectively utilize visual aids. We will also discuss techniques for handling questions and engaging in academic discussions. Through practice presentations, students will gain confidence in delivering impactful presentations.Chapter 4: Academic Discussions:Engaging in scholarly discussions is a key component of academic exchange. In this chapter, students will explore ways to express opinions, ask questions, and contribute to academic conversations. We will discuss effective listening and note-taking techniques, as well as strategies for participating in group discussions and seminars. Through interactive activities, students will develop their ability to actively engage in academic conversations.Chapter 5: Academic Reading:Comprehensive and critical reading skills are vital for academic success. In this chapter, students will learn how to skim and scan texts, identify key ideas, and evaluate the credibility of sources. We will also focus on improving vocabulary and understanding complex sentence structures commonly found in academic texts. Through a variety of reading exercises, students will enhance their academic reading skills.Chapter 6: Academic Vocabulary:A strong command of academic vocabulary is essential for effective communication in academic contexts. In this chapter, students will explorestrategies for expanding their academic vocabulary, such as using word families, collocations, and context clues. We will also discuss common academic terms and expressions. Through vocabulary-building activities, students will enhance their ability to express themselves accurately and precisely.Conclusion:Congratulations on reaching the end of this textbook! By mastering the skills and knowledge presented in this textbook, you will be well-equipped to excel in academic exchanges. Remember, practice is key to improvement, so continue using these skills in various academic contexts. We hope this textbook has provided you with a solid foundation for successful academic communication. Best of luck in your future academic endeavors!。
天津大学英美文化选择题部分汇总
1 When the romans invaded Britain around the year 43A.D,Britain was a land of the Celts.2 Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that come to be the basis of modern English race the Viking Dances3 In 43A.D,Roman Emperor,Claudius,evaded Britain.4 Christianity was introduced into Britiain by the Romans.5 Who was killed in the Battle of Hastings Harold Godwinson6 For much of the Middle Ages,Britain was ruled by a French-speaking aritocracy.7 Which of the following words were not regarded as the luanguage of the upper class in the Middle Ages Deer8 In the 14th century English became dominant in Britain again.9 Which of the following English poets is known as "the Father of English literature" W.Shakespeare10 Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.11 The full name of the United Kingdom is?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland12 The two largest islands of the British Isles are Britain and Ireland.13 All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke French as their mother tongue, and after the Hundred Years’ War, the English language took its place.14 What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the final unification of England, the great administrative process, and a link to France.15 The ancestors of the Welsh are the Celts.16 The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a ____ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman1 Which is the name of the series of children's horror fiction novellas by R.L.Stine Goosebumps2 Which novel is known as the most famous vampire novel ever Dracular3 Which fictional figure is not a derective Holden Gaulfield4 At what age is the Harry Potter introduced to the wizarding world 115 Which animated figure earns the most for Walt Disney Company Winnie the Pooh6 What is Ten Little Niggers entitled when it was published in the United State And Then Three Were None7 Which fiction is most likely to be chosen as the bedtime story Winnie the Pooh8 Someone who knows nothing about witchcraft or wizardry is called a Muggle in Harry Potter9 Which novel is most likely to be grouped as literary fiction A Tale of Two Cities10 One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age:the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy11 In England, the monarch, King Henry VIII, declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England.12. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception?Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.13. Victorianism was characterized by the following except It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington.14. The Origin of Species was written by Charles Darwin15. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for On Her Majesty’s Service16. In Britain, the executive power is in the hands of __________.17. Queen Victoria takes the credit of the longest reign in British history.18. In the “Grab for Africa” Britain got the lion’s share, which confirmed its supremacy.1 Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians Growing tobacco in Virginia2 Which of the following states is called "the Old Colony State" Massachusetts3 Virginia is an American state named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I4 Which of the following is the 50th state admitted into the US Hawaii5 Which of the following is not the motive of English Puritans who went to New England as immigrants They believed the the Church of England was not Catholic enough6 Thanksgiving Day was originally celebrated by people for harvest7 Benjamin Franklin was the only Founding Father to sign The Declaration of Independence,The United States Constitution,The Treaty of Alliance with France,and The Treaty of Paris.8 The Confederacy was the government formed from 1861 to 1865 by 11 Southern states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S.9 The famous "this government of the people,by the people,for the people"was from The Gettysburg Address1 The world's first commercial motion picture was exhibited in the year of 18942 The name "Hollywood" was coined by H.J.Whitley3 In Old California was known as the first film ever shot in Hollywood.4 Strongheart was the first of three dogs to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame5 Which of the following is the oldest award ceremony in the media The Oscar Awards6 How many Oscars did Walt Disney win 267 Which of the following Disney theme park was designed and built under the direct supervision of Walt Disney himself Disneyland8 Tokyo Disney Resort is the first resort complex outside the United States9 How many theme parks does Hong Kong Disneyland consist of ?one1 The Victorian novelists include the following except Willam Wordsworth2 Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? Othello3 The most outstanding Victorian novelist in the aspect of literary merits was Charles Dickens4 "To be or not to be"is the question from which play by Shakespeare? Hamlet5 Which fictional character is not created by Charles Dickens? Herzog6 Shakespeare lived under the reign of Queen Elizabeth I7 Charles Dickens lived under the reign of Queen Victoria8 Which statement about Shakespeare is not right? Shakespeare has a profound influence on the Christmas celebration nowadays.9 Which statement about Dickens is not right? Dickens is ignored during his life time but earns recognition afterwards.1 Which university is usually considered the first university in the world? University Of Bologna2 What is the motto of Harvard University? Veritas3 So far,how many US Presidents have been produced by Yale University? 54 Which of the following US universities is NOT the member of the Ivy League? MIT5 Oxford University began growing rapidly in 12th century6 From which university did John Harvard graduate? Cambridge University7 What was the result of the first Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge? Oxford win8 Which university was the site of the first practical electron microscope? University Of Toronto9 According to Asian University Rankings,2009,which university ranked the highest in Asia? University Of Hong Kong1 The nickname for the USA national flag is Old Glory2 The state of Virginia was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3 As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum” means out of many, one4 The meaning of Mississippi is great waters / father of waters5 Some Puritans, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.6 The writer O. Henry called Thanksgiving the one holiday that is purely American.7 The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of Lexington on April 19, 1775.8 In May, 1775, the 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.9 On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed George Washington as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.10 Thomas Jefferson was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration of Independence.11 The Independence Day of the United States is on July 4th12 On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.13 The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people” was from th e Gettysburg Address14 The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep and bear arms15 The most extreme form of Jim Crow violence is lynching16 The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 serves as the first in US history to ban a specific racial group from entering America.17 The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to the Mississippi River18 Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans?cabbage19 George Washington served two term(s) as US President.20 The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was Harriet Beecher Stowe21 Angel Island was destroyed by a fire in 1940 and was never reopened.22 Which Act removed the last barriers to Chinese immigration initiating a new era in the history of America’s melting pot? The Immigration Act。
天津大学 英美文化 答案版
Unit 5I. Blank-filling1. The nickname for the USA national flag is “_____Old Glory________________”.2. The state of ____Virginia______ was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum” means _____out of many,one__________5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain means ___Mark number two_______.6. The largest state in terms of area is ___Alaska_______ and the largest state in terms of population is _____California_____.7. The meaning of Mississippi is “_____Father of Waters___”.8. Some ____Puritans_______, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower andsettled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called ____Thanksgiving Day _______ the one holiday that is purelyAmerican.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of______Lexington_____ on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, ______the 2th Continental Congress______ met in Philadelphia and began toassume the functions of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed __GeorgrWashington___ as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. ___Thomas_Jefferson_ was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration ofIndependence.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on _____July_4th_______.15. On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the ____ Emancipation Proclamation___________, which granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people”was from___the Gettysburg Address_______17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep andbear ____Arms______.18. The most extreme form of Jim Crow violence is ____Lynching______.19. ___Chinked-out_______ is a new musical style created by Lee-Hom Wang, which blendsChinese traditional music with Western hip-hop rhythms.20. ____The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882______ serves as the first in US history to ban a specific racial group from entering America.II. Multiple-Choice21. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD. Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to __________. CA. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. the Nile River D. the Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England asimmigrants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for _____. DA. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. _____ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the UnitedStates Constitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris. CA. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except _____ BA. A penny saved is a penny earned.B. All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served _____ term(s) as US President. BA. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was ____________. CA. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark Twain31.The following people played a great role in Civil Rights Movement except _____. CA. Emmett TillB. Rosa ParksC.Oprah WinfreyD. Martin Luther King, Jr.32. Angel Island was destroyed by _____ in 1940 and was never reopened. CA. an earthquakeB. a thunderstormC.a fireD. a flood33. Which Act removed the last barriers to Chinese immigration initiating a new era in the history of America’s melting pot? CA. The Chinese Exclusion ActB. The Chinese Exclusion Repeal ActC.The Immigration ActD. The Walter-McCarren Act34. Which of the following is not a slur word? AA. blondeB. chinkC.niggerD. round-eyeIII. Question35. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress? 大陆会议的重要性有3点37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve? 2点38. What are the contributions of the Civil Rights Laws of the 1960s?IV. True or False39. The first English colony was set in Delaware. F40. The bald eagle was chosen as the representative of the United States. T41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts—the western part, the southern part and New England. F42. The Appalachian Mountains are the backbone of North America. F43. Fishing and hunting were only a way for American Indians to survive.44. Totem poles were used as the objects of worship.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in 1607. F46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to seek independence from Britain. F47. Benjamin Franklin was the first to celebrate the American Dream. T48. Under the Articles of Confederation, the 13 states were united under a strong centralgovernment.49. US Constitution was signed on September 17, 1787.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the efficient central authority of the federal government. F51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington,T. Jefferson, A. Lincoln, and F. Roosevelt. F（Theodore Roosevelt）52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning pointin the Revolutionary War. F(应该是内战Civil War)1. The ancestors of the Welsh are ___a__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2. Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basisof modern English race? __a___A. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3. The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a __a__ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) __b____-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. Gaelic5. Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, Defeating theSaxon king Harold at the Battle of ____Hastings_______ in 1066. Hastings6. The full name of the United Kingdom is ____ The United Kingdom of Great Britain___7. The two largest islands of the British Isles are __ Britain __ and _ Ireland ___.8. All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke ___French__ as their mother tongue,and after the Hundred Years’ War, the __English____ language took its place.9. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: The foundation of aristocracy,the final u nification of England ,the great administrative process,and a link to FranceUnit 11 The ancestors of the Welsh are ___A__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2 Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern En glish race? AA. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3 The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a _A___ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4 For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) __B____-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. Gaelic5 Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.6 The full name of the United Kingdom is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .7 The two largest islands of the British Isles are England and Ireland.8 All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke French as their mother tongue, and after the Hund red Years’War, the French-English language took its place.9 When the Romans invaded Britain around the year 43 A.D, Britain was a land of B .A. The PictsB. The CeltsC. The Angles10 Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race ? AA. The Viking DanesB. The AnglesC. The Saxons11 In 43 A.D. ,Roman Emperor, C , evaded Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. Augustus CaesarC. Claudius12 Christianity was introduced into Britain by CA. The CeltsB. The GermansC. The Romans13 Who was killed in the Battle of Hastings ? BA. Edward the ConfessorB. Harold GodwinsonC. Harald Hardrade14 For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) AA. French-speakingB. English-speakingC. German-speaking15 Which of the following words were not regarded as the language of the upper class in the Middle A ges? AA. DeerB. MuttonC. Pork16 In the C century English became dominant in Britain again.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14th17 Which of the following English poets is known as “the Father of English literature”? AA. G. ChaucerB. J. MiltonC. W. Shakespeare10 What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the fi nal unification of England, the great administrative process, a link to France, a great influence of French on English.Unit 21. One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age: BA. the making of the Magna CartaB. the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navyC. the rule of Alfred the GreatD. the defeat of King Harold by France2. In England, the monarch, D , declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England.A. Bloody MaryB. Queen Elizabeth I.C. King Henry VD. King Henry VIII3. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception?AA. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.C. This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.D. This was the age of adventure on the sea.4. Victorianism was characterized by the following except DA. It was in an age of imperialismB. It saw the great progress in sciences with Charles Darwin as a prominent figure.C. It was the age when the great progress was made in the field of communications.D. It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington.?5. The Origin of Species was written by Charles Darwin .6. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for On His/Her Majesty's Service .7 In Britain, the executive power is in the hands of Cabinet .8. Queen Victoria takes the credit of the longest reign in British history.9. In the “Grab for Africa” Britain got the lion’s share, which confirmed its supremacy.1. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn mo ney. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? CA. Growing cottonB. Making a profit by fishingC. Growing tobacco in Virginia2. Which of the following states is called “ the Old Colony State ”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. Virginia3. Virginia is an American state named in honor of AA. Queen Elizabeth IB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria4. Which of the following is the 50th state admitted into the US? CA. ArizonaB. AlaskaC. Hawaii5. Which of the following is not the motive of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigra nts? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enoughB. They were persecuted in England.C. They wanted to establish a colony based on their own religious ideals.6. Thanksgiving Day was originally celebrated by people for AA. HarvestB. SafetyC. Freedom7. C was the only Founding Father to sign The Declaration of Independence, The United States Constitution, The Treaty of Alliance with France, and The Treaty of Paris. CA. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin Franklin8. The Confederacy was the government formed from 1861 to 1865 by B Southern states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S.A. 10B. 11C.129. The famous “this government of the people, by the people, for the people” was from AA. The Gettysburg AddressB. Emancipation ProclamationC. The Mayflower Compact10. What were the main features of the Elizabethan age?The Elizabethan age is often remembered by two things. The first is literature, especially the literature o f William Shakespeare. It was at the age that Shakespeare lived and English literature blossomed. The s econd is adventure on the sea The victory of English fleets marked the beginning of an English naval tra dition.11.Explain the atmosphere of Victorianism.Victorianism was an age of national development and national optimism. Tremendous social reform took place. The greatest one of all was made in the field of communications. Victorianism family life had the quality of stability and the victorias were extremely religious. It was also an age of imperialism.Unit 5I. Blank-filling1. The nickname for the USA national flag is “ Old Glory ”.2. The state of Virginia was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum”means “ Out of Many，One ”5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain means Mark Number Two .6. The largest state in terms of area is Alaska and the largest state in terms of population is California .7. The meaning of Mississippi is “ Great Waters ”.8. Some Puritans, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymo uth,Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called Thanksgiving the one holiday that is purely American.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of Lexington on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, The 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functio ns of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed George Washington as co mmander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. Thomas Jefferson was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration of Independe nce.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on July 4th .16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people”was from the Gettys burg Address17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep and bear ar ms .1. The Victorian novelists include the following except AA. William WordsworthB. William ThackerayC. Charles Dickens2. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? AA. OthelloB. The TempesC. Twelfth Night3. The most outstanding Victorian novelist in the aspect of literary merits was BA. Jonathan SwiftB. Charles DickensC. Charlotte Bronte4. “To be or not to be” is the quotation from which play by Shakespeare? CA. OthelloB. MacbethC. Hamlet5. Which fictional character is not created by Charles Dickens? CA. Oliver Twist.B. ScroogeC. Herzog6. Shakespeare lived under the reign of AA. Queen Elizabeth IB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria7. Charles Dickens lived under the reign of CA. Queen ElizabethB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria8. Which statement about Shakespeare is not right? CA. Shakespeare is a great master of the English languageB. Shakespeare started his career as an actorC. Shakespeare has a profound influence on the Christmas celebration nowadays9. Which statement about Dickens is not right? BA. Dickens incorporates autobiographical elements into his fictionB. Dickens is ignored during his life time but earns recognition afterwardsC. Dickens’ writing style is florid and poetic, with a strong comic touchII. Multiple-Choice21. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD.Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters”is used to refer to ____C______.A. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. The Nile River D. The Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at James town in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigr ants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for ___D__.A. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. ___C__ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the United States C onstitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except _B____A. A penny saved is a penny earned.B.All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served ___B__ term(s) as US President.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was _____C_______.A. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark TwainIII. Question35. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress?In May 1775, the second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions o f a national government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washi ngton.On June 11th, 1776, the second Continental Congress appointed a committee of five men to draft a Declaration of Independence.The young Thomas Jefferson was chosen by the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, which the congress adopted on July 4th, 1776.37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve?The war resolved two fundamental questions that had divided the United States since 1776.It put an en d to slavery, which was completely abolished by the 13th Amendment to the constitution in 1865.It also decided, once and for all, that American was not a collection of semi-independent states, but a single i ndivisible nation.IV. True or False39. The first English colony was set in Jamestown in Virginia40. The bald eagle was chosen as the representative of the United States.41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts—（The Atlantic Seacoast and the Appalachian Mountains in the east，the great Mississippi River Basin in the middle and the Rockies west to the Pacific Ocean）42. The Rocky Mountains are the backbone of North America.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in 1620.46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to 放宽高压政策.47. Benjamin Franklin was the first to celebrate the American Dream.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the individual liberties.51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington, T. Je fferson, A. Lincoln, and T. Roosevelt.52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning point in the Civil War.1.which university is usually considered the first university in the world? BA. University of ConstantinopleB. University of BolognaC. University of Oxford2. What is the motto of Harvard University? AA. VeritasB. Lux et veritasC. Mens et Manus3. So far, how many US presidents have been produced by Yale University? CA. 3B. 4C. 54. Which of the following US universities is NOT the member of the Ivy League? CA. Yale UniversityB. Princeton UniversityC. MIT5. Oxford University began growing rapidly in A century.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14th6. From which university did John Harvard graduate? CA. Harvard UniversityB. Oxford UniversityC. Cambridge University7. What was the result of the first Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge? AA. Oxford wonB. Cambridge wonC. It ended with a dead heat8. Which university was the site of the first practical electron microscope? BA. Stanford UniversityB. University of TorontoC. Australian National University9. According to Asian University Rankings, 2009, which university ranked the highest in Asi a? BA. Beijing UniversityB. University of TokyoC. University of Hong Kong美国枪支泛滥君主立宪制。
天津大学建筑历史真题96-07
天津大学建筑历史真题96-07考试科目：建筑历史外国建筑史部分（共50分）一简绘题（共10分）1、古埃及神庙6正立面图。
3分2、哥特式大教堂6剖面典型（体现结构与空间关系）。
3分3、古希腊雅典卫城2平面。
4分二、简答题（共10分）1、文艺复兴人文主义4建筑师在教堂设计中崇尚怎样的平面形式？2、巴洛克建筑艺术2对古典建筑构图法则采取了什么态度？3、17世纪下半叶的巴黎歌剧院是哪种近代风格的典型？4、工艺美术运动7对建筑工业的基本态度什么？5、19世纪末欧洲流行的新型装饰泛称什么风格？6、“形式追随功能”3是谁提出的著名口号？7、流水别墅造型体现了赖特对钢筋混凝土哪中结构特征的偏爱？8、格罗皮乌斯的建筑教育思想怎样把握工艺和艺术的关系？9、为什么说沙利宁2的肯尼迪机场TWA空港造型有象征主义特征？10、波普艺术（pop art）是哪种建筑思潮兴起的基础之一？三、简述题（共8分）1、“高技派2”建筑的基本定义和主要建筑特征四、述评（共22分）1、古罗马拱券结构对建筑内部空间发展的作用。
2、“现代主义”7建筑中的“人性”与“非人性”中国建筑史部分（共50分）一、名词术语解释（每题2分，本题10分）1、台明2、收山和推山3、雷公柱4、挑金5、叶头二、问答题（每题10分，本题40分）1、试述北京天坛2在建筑上反映的中国传统文化的内涵及其建筑成就2、试述中国北京四合院2的建筑艺术特点及在住宅发展中的承传关系3、试述南北朝时期遗存的建筑实物所反映的建筑特点及外来文化在建筑上的表现4、中国城市的由来？通过北京城（明清北京城2）说明中国封建都城的特点及王城制度的体现考试科目：建筑历史中国建筑史部分（共50分）一、名词术语解释（共5题，每题2分，本题10分）1．递角梁2．采步金3．连楹4．戗脊5．溜金斗拱二．从现存建筑实物看元代木构建筑同宋代的差异(10分)三．从现存建筑实物看宋代高大砖石建筑成就(10分)四．结合现存塔8、阁说明辽代的木构建筑技术和艺术成就(10分) 五．试述清代9皇家园林---北京颐和园的总体布局和建筑特点(10分)外国建筑史部分（共50分）一．绘简图(每题3分共9分)1．罗马凯旋门典型立面构图2．拜占庭式帆供豉座穹窿组合形体3．包豪斯校舍形体3二．简答(每题1分其1 1分)1．西方古典柱式2产生于哪个历史时代? 、2．哥特式大教堂屋顶结构同“骨架式”这一称谓一致的特征是什么?3．近代巴黎万神庙中央屋顶音部分模仿了哪一意大利文艺复兴建筑的造型？4．1851年英国伦敦的哪座建筑以其新颖性引起极大轰动?5．新艺术运动9特指发生于哪两个国家的建筑艺术变革?6．风格派6艺术家在建筑中是否强调历史或者地方风格？7．科布西耶6的新建筑五点体现了以哪种结构形式为基础的建筑特征？8．雅典宪章是哪一个国际组织的文件？9．哪位第一代现代建筑大师最强调先进工艺技术的艺术力量？10．阿基格拉姆斯（archigram）小组是哪一建筑思潮的倡导者之一？11．“激进的折中主义6”是詹克斯对哪一简直思潮的评价？三．简述（8分）赖特草原式住宅2的建筑特点四．评述（共22分）1．巴洛克风格特有艺术手法下的建筑内部空间特点（10分）2．二次大战后的所谓“偏情”建筑思潮对现代建筑“理性2”的变革（12分）天津大学研究生院1998年招硕士生入学试题考试科目：建筑历史外国建筑史部分（共50分）一简绘题（共9分）1、巴西利卡式教堂典型平面3分2、体现于维琴察巴西利卡立面上的帕拉第奥母题(一间) 3分3、罗马小体育馆造型。
新视野大学英语天津大学大二下学期期末考试课文翻译
第三册1 . 第三册U4 1. His parents did not approve of his plan to go and study abroad with a girl they had never met, but he went ahead and got to New York with her. 2. It is said that the painter used his aunt as the model in the painting whose fa ce represented suffering yet strength. 3. The real Ken did not like the three-dimensional Barbie dolls, which were describ ed as having the appearance of “a woman who sold sex”. 4. The novelist instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of Good- bye, My D ear, a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on his older brother‟s farm. 5. After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, and soon became American‟s most popular symbol.6. The painting shows a serious-looking man and a woman standing alongside him i n front of a farmhouse, their models being respectively the painter‟s dentist and sist er. 7. In order to have the buffalo on the other side of the nickel, he went to the Cen tral Park Zoo to sketch an aging buffalo which was later killed for a wall decoratio n. 8. One story says that “US” was short for “Uncle Sam” whose real name was Sam Wilson who had once worked with a man who had signed a contract with the gove rnment to provide meat to the US Army. 1.19世纪70年代中期，法国艺术家弗里德里克—奥古斯特—巴托尔迪正在设计一个大项目，名为“自由照耀世界”。
2024天津专升本英语作文真题
科技进步与社会发展的双刃剑In the era of rapid technological advancement, the impact of technology on society is becoming increasingly profound. This paper will explore the dual nature of technology, discussing both its positive and negative effects on social development in Tianjin, China, with a focus on the context of the 2024 Tianjin Vocational College Entrance Exam.Firstly, let's delve into the positive aspects of technology's influence. Technology has significantly accelerated the pace of social development in Tianjin. For instance, the widespread adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has facilitated more efficient and convenient communication among individuals and organizations. This has led to improved productivity, increased economic growth, and the emergence of new industries and job opportunities. Furthermore, technological advancements in healthcare have led to improvements in disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, thereby enhancing the overall health and well-being of the population.Moreover, technology has played a pivotal role in promoting cultural exchange and education. The internet and social media platforms have broken down geographical barriers, allowing people from different cultures and backgrounds to interact and learn from each other. This has fostered a more inclusive and diverse social environment in Tianjin, promoting mutual understanding and respect amongits inhabitants.However, the negative impacts of technology on social development cannot be ignored. One significant concern is the growing digital divide between those who have access to technology and those who do not. This divide can lead to disparities in education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, exacerbating social inequality. Additionally, the overuse of technology can have negative effects on individuals' mental health and well-being, leading toissues such as addiction, stress, and anxiety.Another concern is the impact of technology on privacy and security. With the increasing use of digital devicesand online platforms, personal information is constantly being collected and shared. This raises concerns aboutprivacy violations and the potential misuse of personal data. Furthermore, cybercrime and cyber-attacks have become more frequent and sophisticated, posing a significantthreat to individuals and organizations.In conclusion, technology has brought about bothpositive and negative changes to social development in Tianjin. While it has facilitated communication, economic growth, and cultural exchange, it has also created new challenges such as the digital divide, mental health issues, and privacy concerns. It is crucial for society to strike a balance between harnessing the benefits of technology and mitigating its negative impacts. This requires a concerted effort from individuals, organizations, and governments to ensure that technology serves as a force for positive transformation in Tianjin and beyond.**科技进步与社会发展的双刃剑**在科技飞速发展的时代，科技对社会的影响日益深刻。
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II. Greek Dark Ages
（1100-900BC） →Greek Renaissance （900-700BC） →Orientalized Greece （700-600BC）
Homer is singing his epics.
The Iliad 《伊里亚特》
--Achilles in the final year of the Trojan war
索福克勒斯)
[juə'ripidi:z]
Euripides
(484-406BC
欧里庇得斯)
Aeschylus
Prometheus Bound Persians Agamemnon
Sophocles
Euripides
Oedipus the King Electra Antigone
Medea
Trojan Women
Abduction of Persephone by Hades
(By Bernini)
pomegranate
the kidnapping / Abduction of Persephone
Unit Two The Greek Culture
[i:'dʒi:ən]
The Aegean Civilization
The Palace of Minos /labyrinth -- built by Daedalus
1. Cretan / Minoan civilization
['kri:tən] [mi'nəuən]
克里特文明
2. Mycenaean Culture 迈锡尼文明
[maisi'ni:ən]
--The Lawmaker of Athens
IV. Classical Greek
（500-323BC）
3 great tragic dramatists:
Aeschylus
(525-456BC ['i:skiləs]
埃斯库罗斯)
['sɔfəkli:z]
Sophocles
(496-406BC
Mycenae [mai'si:ni:]
Mycenae Lion Gate
迈锡尼卫城狮子门入口
Trojan War
Trojan War
apple of discord
The wedding of Peleus and Thetis
Eris--goddess of discord
The judgment of Paris Helen of Troy The Fall of Troy
Land of the
Lotus Eaters
Lotus, a 忘忧树、忘忧果 local plant Lotus n. Lotus Thoseadj. who 贪图安乐的 ate the Lotus, lotus land 安乐乡 lost memory of home and lotus-eater n. duty. [喻]醉生梦死, 不负责任、贪 Odysseus and his men who 图安乐的人 did not eat the plant dragged lotus-eating the men whon. did eat it back 醉生梦死、贪图安乐的行为 to the ship and sailed on.
be its
center.
Contest between Athena and Poseidon
['pɑ:θinən] The _____?_____ in Athens -- An enduring symbol of Greek culture
Solon’s reforms
Solon
['səulɔn
Pythagoras
[pai'θægərəs]
V. Hellenic Greece
（323-31BC）
Which empire?
Four schools of philosophers in the 4th century
• the Cynics（___?___派）(cynic = “__?__” in Greek) • the Sceptics（怀疑论学派） • the Epicureans（享乐主义学派） (pleasure—the highest good in life) • the Stoics（斯多葛学派） (duty, not pleasure —the most important thing in life)
Andromache
Dionysus
the greatest names in European philosophysɔkrəti:z] (470-399BC) ['pleitəu] (428-348BC)
['æ ristɔtl] (384-322BC)
commander in chief
of the coalition that attacked Troy
Journey of Odysseus
Journey of Odysseus
Polyphemus [.pɔli'fi:məs] 波吕斐摩斯
Odysseus and the Sirens
Penelope’s web
Socrates taught Plato, who taught Aristotle?
• tutor of Alexander the Macedonian king • works numerous • talents
The Death of __?__
by Jacques-Louis David (1787)
“Captive Greece took her rude conqueror captive”?
__?__ – a Roman lyric poet
TIMELINE
Archaistic Greece Classical Greece Hellenic Greece
[he'li:nik]
I. The Aegean Civilization
（3000-1100BC）
(Cretan-Mycenaean Culture)
Aegeus ['i:dʒiəs] Theseus ['θi:siəs] King Minos Minotaur ['mainətɔ:]
The Odyssey 《奥德赛》
--Odysseus (Ulysses) after the Trojan war
Achilles [ə'kili:z] 阿喀琉斯
Achilles heel / the Heel
well heeled?
Agamemnon
-- 阿伽门农
[.ægə'memnən]
king of Mycenae;
（3000-1100BC）
Greek Dark Ages
→Greek Renaissance →Orientalized Greece [.ɑ:kei'istik]
（1100-900BC）
（900-700BC） （700-600BC） （600-500BC） （500-323BC） （323-31BC）
Hesiod’ Theogony
III. Archaistic Greece
（600-500BC）
The Ancient Olympic Games
Polis
cradle of Western civilization
Greece is often referred to as the
Ancient Athens was considered to
Who is Alexander talking to?
Euclid（欧几里德） ['ju:klid]
__________?__________ “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world”
Ending of ancient Greek culture in _?_ B.C.