ICAO4简介

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ICAO4考试简介

ICAO4考试简介

飞行员ICAO考试简介2010-09-21 16:271. 什么是ICAO根据国际民航组织(ICAO)关于飞行人员英语语言能力的要求,飞标司组织开发了民航飞行人员英语等级考试系统,并组织民航英语方面的专家,对考试系统题库进行了专业审定。

目前,系统测试已完成,第一个考点设在中国民航飞行学院考试中心,该考点于2008年4月1日正式启用。

该系统作为中国民航推进ICAO关于飞行员英语水平的重要工程,于2007年7月份开始立项,筹备以来,国内多家航空院校和国际知名语言培训机构参与到该系统的建设。

为确保考试的科学性、公正性,民航西南地区管理局负责飞行学院考试点的考试工作进行管理和监督。

飞行学院负责具体考务工作。

2. ICAO考试内容如图所示分为四个板块:第一部分:听力理解你会听到若干组长达10秒或20秒的对话或陈述,在每组对话或陈述后,会相应地提出一个问题。

对话与问题都仅说一次。

在问题之后会有一个停顿(17秒左右),你必须阅读ABCD四个选项并点击选出最为正确的一个。

应试技巧:这部分题很类似日常英语考试听力单选题,不同之处在于每一题都与民航专业知识紧密相连,范围从从机长的职责到特情处置都有。

难点在于,每一题是由不同人士录音而成,并且可能会有杂音干扰。

建议大学在准备第一部分时,多多阅读《民航英语阅读教程》,熟悉一些key words,for example, depressurization(释压)fire engine(救火车), emergency assistance(紧急救援)。

如果这些词在辨认、发音上还存在问题,那么要在短时间类听懂并做出正确判断的可能性就微乎其微了。

第二部分短文答问这部分你会听到一段长达120秒的陆空通话。

在通话最后,你会被冲问到3个问题。

每个问题提出后,你会听到”beep”声,之后你必须通过麦克风进行口头答问。

你的声音会被录制下来。

对话听两遍,问题仅听一遍。

应试技巧:我认为这部分对大多数同学来说会是个难点,因为在中式传统教学中,这样的考试形式是很陌生的。

ICAO4简介

ICAO4简介

飞行员ICAO考试简介2010-09-21 16:271. 什么是ICAO根据国际民航组织(ICAO)关于飞行人员英语语言能力的要求,飞标司组织开发了民航飞行人员英语等级考试系统,并组织民航英语方面的专家,对考试系统题库进行了专业审定。

目前,系统测试已完成,第一个考点设在中国民航飞行学院考试中心,该考点于2008年4月1日正式启用。

该系统作为中国民航推进ICAO关于飞行员英语水平的重要工程,于2007年7月份开始立项,筹备以来,国内多家航空院校和国际知名语言培训机构参与到该系统的建设。

为确保考试的科学性、公正性,民航西南地区管理局负责飞行学院考试点的考试工作进行管理和监督。

飞行学院负责具体考务工作。

2. ICAO考试内容如图所示分为四个板块:第一部分:听力理解你会听到若干组长达10秒或20秒的对话或陈述,在每组对话或陈述后,会相应地提出一个问题。

对话与问题都仅说一次。

在问题之后会有一个停顿(17秒左右),你必须阅读ABCD四个选项并点击选出最为正确的一个。

应试技巧:这部分题很类似日常英语考试听力单选题,不同之处在于每一题都与民航专业知识紧密相连,范围从从机长的职责到特情处置都有。

难点在于,每一题是由不同人士录音而成,并且可能会有杂音干扰。

建议大学在准备第一部分时,多多阅读《民航英语阅读教程》,熟悉一些key words,for example, depressurization(释压)fire engine(救火车), emergency assistance(紧急救援)。

如果这些词在辨认、发音上还存在问题,那么要在短时间类听懂并做出正确判断的可能性就微乎其微了。

第二部分短文答问这部分你会听到一段长达120秒的陆空通话。

在通话最后,你会被冲问到3个问题。

每个问题提出后,你会听到”beep”声,之后你必须通过麦克风进行口头答问。

你的声音会被录制下来。

对话听两遍,问题仅听一遍。

应试技巧:我认为这部分对大多数同学来说会是个难点,因为在中式传统教学中,这样的考试形式是很陌生的。

飞行员ICAO4考试完整试题

飞行员ICAO4考试完整试题

飞行员ICAO4考试完整试题TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第1 页共11 页Part I Listening Section I Directions: In this part you will hear ten ATC clearances\instructions or statements, each ATC clearances\instructions or statements will be spoken only once. A question will be asked after each ATC clearances\instructions or statements, there are four answers marked a,b,c,and d, choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices according to what you have heard . 1. UAL 45, we’ve just got a message that you have a home made bomb on board. Descend to 150 and return to the airport. Question: What happened? a. A bomb alert. b. Emergency descent. c. Sick passenger on board. d. Quarantine requirement. Answer: a 2. Hong Kong, Cathy 34, negative to pushback, we just found a mistake in the load sheet. Need to check for a while. Question: What is the problem? a. Tug is not available. b. Pushback is not approved. c. Wrong load sheet. d. Wrong in radio check. Answer: c 3. Approach, Southern 435, it seems we just hit a big bird and power isdropping. Request further instruction to come back. Question: What happened to the aircraft? a. Engine failure. b. Powerplant trouble. c. Bird hit d. Emergency landing. Answer: c 4. North 345, We’re running low on fuel, we cannot hold longer than 5 minutes. Do you know how long the delays will be? Question: What is the crew doing? a. Waiting to refuel. b. Waiting to startup. c. Waiting for further instruction. d. Waiting for pushback. Answer: c 5. C- GH, over mike kilo 2000 feet, landing gear down but maybe not locked. We intend to make a low pass near the tower to have the under carriage checked. Question: What goes wrong? a. Landing gear not extended. b. Landing gear not locked. c. Manual extension unavailable.Page 1TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第2 页共11 页d. Wrong indication. Answer: b 6. KML 564, we got a suspected cholera patient on board. Request necessary services on landing. Question: What might be needed on landing? a. A police car. b. A fire engine. c. An ambulance. d. A wheel chair. Answer: c 7. G-cd, unable to extend flaps beyond 10 degrees. Request high speed flat approach to runway 26 which is the longest. Question: Why does the pilot intend to land on runway 26? a. It is safe to land on long runways. b. Landing gear can not be extended. c. The aircraft has a high landing speed. d. Flaps can not be extended. Answer: d 8. American 546, taxiway alpha 4 is not available. Lighting system failed. Taxi straight ahead and hold short of runway 35. Question: Why is taxiway alpha is unavailable? a. Lights are out. b. Work in progress. c. That does not lead to runway. d. American 546 is too heavy. Answer: a 9. G-DH, negative to climb to flight level 350 before lima mike due weight. Question: Why does not the crew accept flight level 350? a. Due to weather. b. Due to rate of climb c. It is a heavy aircraft. d. Due to clearance of obstruction. Answer: c 10. China Southern 303, do not acknowledge further transmissions, on trackapproaching glide path. Question: What does the ATC ask the pilot to do? a. Precision approach b. Precision radar approach c. Radar vector on flight path d. Straight in approach Answer: b Section II Directions: In this part you will hear five RTF exchanges between pilots and air traffic controllers, each exchange will be spoken only once. A question will be asked after each exchange, there are four answers marked a,b,c,and d, choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices according to what you have heard . 1. P: Hong Kong, Southern 306, bay 25, ready to taxi, information c. Page 2TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第3 页共11 页2.3.4.5.C: 306, go straight to holding point r/w 13, via delta 2 and bravo 1, QNH 1010. Question: Who is controlling the aircraft? a. ground control b. approach control c. tower d. control center answer: a P: Tower, TWA 101, takeoff aborted due No 1 flameout. Standing on r/w 25. C: TWA 101, can you taxi back to the apron on your own power: P: Negative, 101. Question: What is the problem of 101? a. Engine failure. b. Wheel malfunction. c. Tyre blown out. d. Engine fire. Answer: a P: Alaska 304, mike lima in 2 minutes. C: Alaska 304, proceed to golf Charlie and hold at flight level 150 due trafficcongestion, standard pattern. P: Golf Charlie , flight level 150, standard, 304. Question: Why is the pilot required to hold? a. Collision danger. b. Crowded flight path. c. Procedure requirement. d. None of above. Answer: b P: PANPAN, PANPAN, PANPAN, B eijing approach Lufthansa 720, first officer has been seriously injured after the bird strike, request priority landing and medical assistance, position north of VHK at 5000 m. C: Lufthansa 720, make straight in approach ILS runway 36 right, wind 340, 10 meters/second, QNH 1004. Question: What happens to the crew? a. Captain is injured. b. First officer is injured. c. A bird strikes the airplane. d. Captain is seriously ill. Answer: b P: KLM 529, we’re returning. We seem to have a wheel well fire. The warning light has just flashed on. Request priority landing and emergency services. C: KLM 529, you are number one to land, runway 36 right, contact tower on 118.5. P: Runway 36 right, 118.5, 529. Question: Why does the crew ask for priority landing? a. Landing gear malfunction. b. Engine fire. c. Wheel well fire. d. None of above. Answer:cPage 3TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第4 页共11 页Section III Directions: In this section you will hear two passages. each passage will be spoken only once. After each passage five questions will be asked, for each question there are four answers marked a,b,c,and d, choose the most appropriate answer from the four choices according to what you have heard . Passage I The Captain is the commander on board but this doesn't mean he can't listen of take advice. Sometimes in aviation the Captain is thought of as "god", you don't dare approach him or question him. A lot of cabin and flight crews are afraid to approach the Captain about a safety concern for fear of how he'll react. Slowly this attitude has been changing. How can a cockpit be effectively run if the Captain's own crew can not work together? One example of how these attitudes can affect the operation is the Air Ontario flight from Dryden, Canada. The aircraft had been waiting along time for its turn to takeoff. The weather was bad, it was snowing hard and the visibility was low. The last time the plane was de-iced was a half-hour ago. From the pilots view out the window everything looked normal. Meanwhile, a flight attendant noticed the snow that wasaccumulating on the aircraft's wings. She wanted to inform the flight crew before takeoff but feared what their response would be to her, so she said nothing. There was also an airline pilot aboard who wasn't on duty at the time, but was also concerned about ice forming on the wings. He thought about letting the flight crew know what he saw, but didn't want to interfere with their operations. The Air Canada barely took off when it crashed because ice had built on the wings causing loss of lift. The following questions are based on the passage you have just heard. 1. What will happen if the crews regard the captain as god? a. It will be easier for others to provide advice. b. It will be hard for people to give advice. c. People will worship him. d. Crewmembers will not listen to him. Answer: b 2. What is the result if the crews are afraid of the captain’s authority? a. It will do harm to safety. b. It will be beneficial to safety. c. The crews will be working effectively. d. A better CRM will be produced. Answer: a 3. What is the most important cause of the accident mentioned in the passage? a. It snowed. b. Low visibility. c. Icing occurred. d. No one talked about icing to the captain. Answer: d 4. Why did the flight attendant said nothing about what she saw?a. The captain might be rude to her.b. She worried about the reaction of the flight crew.c. She thought it was not severe icing.d. Another pilot had seen that. Answer: b 5. Why didn’t the pilot who was not on duty told what he saw?Page 4TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第5 页共11 页a. He feared the authority of the other crewmembers.b. He was afraid that they would laugh at him.c. He supposed cockpit operation shouldn’t be interrupted. d. He believed it was not his duty. Answer: c Passage II On February 19, 1985, a B-747 SP, flown by a China Airlines Capt., suffered an engine failure while cruising at 41,000 ft. The Capt. left it on autopilot too long. The autopilot tried to maintain that altitude, which was impossible at that weight, with only 3 engines functioning. As it approached the stall, because the speed kept decelerating, the Capt. finally disconnected the autopilot. He was not prepared, because he had failed to trim in rudder to compensate for the asymmetrical thrust condition; the autopilot was maintaining wings level by the use of aileron and spoilers only. This happened because autopilots normally do not control the rudder in climb, cruise, or descent. They use only the ailerons, spoilers, elevators and horizontal stab trim. When he hit that disconnect switch, the plane rolled rapidly and entered a dive. Although the plane exceeded the speed of sound, tearing parts off and causing major structural damage, the Capt. wasable to make a recovery at a few thousand feet over the Pacific Ocean, after he broke out of the clouds and could see his attitude via outside visual reference. There were, incredibly, only two serious injuries to the 274 passengers and crew. The following questions are based on the passage you have just heard. 1. Why couldn’t the aircraft maintain the altitude? a. It was heavy one. b. Only ailerons and spoilers were available. c. Two engines were lost. d. The aircraft approached to stall. Answer: a 2. What happened after the captain disconnected the autopilot? a. The crew controlled the aircraft manually. b. All control devices were available. c. The aircraft began to dive.d. The captain recovered the control. Answer: c 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? a. Some parts of the aircraft were torn out. b. The aircraft was severely damaged. c. Many passengers were injured. d. The aircraft exceeded the speed of sound. Answer: c 4. Why did the aircraft begin to roll and dive after the autopilot was disengaged? a. The autopilot did not trim ailerons properly. b. The autopilot did not trim spoilers properly.c. The captain did not prepare rudder properly.d. The aircraft was going to stall. Answer: c 5. What is the result of the accident?Page 5TELAP(SET ELEVEN)11test第6 页共11 页a. All the people on board were killed.b. The accident did not happen.c. The aircraft was not found. d. The aircraft landed safely. Answer: dSection IV Directions: In this section there are some ATCclearances\instructions or pilot’s reports\requests. These above words are spoken only once. In each spoken part some words are missing. Listen carefully and fill the blanks with what you have just heard.1. Iberia 500 you are cleared to the outer marker runway two seven make ______on the outer marker then report the outer marker ______ for runway two seven.2. N196LP cleared down to 4000 _______, flight level 55 altimeter _______3. LOT 541 continue _______for runway 23. report passing the outer marker inbound. Caution ________ on the runway.4. Eastern 907 standby I am still ___________your flight plan. Ok I have got your flight plan. I have your _____________ now.5. PAN PAN PAN GDS CESSNA 150 departed Frankfurt 15 minutes ago. Having difficulty in __________south of your airfield. Request。

OPI考试介绍

OPI考试介绍

精心整理
OPI考试介绍
O RAL P ROFICIENCY I NTERVIEW
Morning,everybody, my name is Chenchen,and I’m from Lianyungang,Northeast of Jiangsu Province. Lianyungang is a seaport city along the Pacific Ocean and famous for the number of harbors ['hɑ:b?].港口
Now, I am working in Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, lies in the center of the Chengdu Plain. As one of China's famous historical and cultural ['k?lt??r?l]cities, Chengdu enjoys rich tourist resources such as Du Fu Cottage, Dujiang Dam, and Qingcheng Mountain.
4、第四部分:结束(wind down)
提问逐步引入普遍性的话题,使考生情绪放松,结束测试。

该节约需1-2分钟。

三、ICAO4的评分标准
1、语音:语音、重音、韵律和语调受母语或地区方言
的影响,有时会影响理解。

2、语法:能创造性地正确使用基本结构和句型,在不熟悉的语境中会产生错误,但通常不影响意思的表达。

3、词汇:在谈论经常的、与工作相关的某些话题时,词汇量和用词的准确度良好。

在不熟悉的语境中和缺乏词汇。

管制员icao4评分标准

管制员icao4评分标准

管制员icao4评分标准
评分标准可能会根据不同的评估指标和要求而有所变化,但以下
是一般情况下用于评估管制员(ICAO Level 4)能力的一些常见标准:
1. 沟通能力:包括清晰、准确、流利地使用本国语言和英语进
行语音和书面沟通,以及有效地进行无线电通信。

2. 情况感知和决策能力:能够快速、准确地识别和分析空中交通情况,并根据情况作出适当的决策。

3. 问题解决能力:能够在紧急情况下保持冷静,快速并有效地解决问题,并采取适当的措施来降低和管理风险。

4. 空中交通服务:能够按照标准程序提供安全、高效的空中交通服务,包括着陆和起飞指挥、高度和航向指导等。

5. 管制设备操作:能够熟练、准确地操作各种管制设备和系统,如雷达、通信系统等。

6. 安全意识:具备良好的安全意识,能够识别潜在风险,采取适当的
措施来保持和提高空中交通安全。

7. 团队合作和协调能力:能够与其他管制员和相关人员紧密合作,协
调各项工作,并及时共享信息。

8. 专业知识和技术能力:具备扎实的专业知识和技术能力,包括空中
交通规则、空中导航、飞行程序等方面的知识。

需要注意的是,上述评分标准只是一种常见的参考,具体的评分
标准可能会因评估项目的要求和实际情况而有所不同。

国际民航组织飞机型号代码

国际民航组织飞机型号代码

国际民航组织飞机型号代码普通旅客在航班时刻表等民航宣传品上看到的机型栏目所列机型可能并不是我们常见的机型名称,而是一些你可能不明白代码,在民航内部的航行通告、动态传递中机型也经常使用一些代码表示,这些代码实际上不是随意编写的,而是国际民航组织规定的飞机型号代码,下面就列举部分常见的、在我国空域可能出现的民航机型型号代码,更多请访问国际民航组织相关页面资料说明:飞机型号代码:1.飞机型号代码由不超过四位的数字、字母组成,尽量代表出飞机的制造厂商、型号等资料,易用被空中管制判读信息,原则上是从飞机的具体型号上抽取而来。

2.飞机型号代码一经指定,不在更改,即使生产该型号飞机的制造厂商更名、变更所有权3.某飞机机型的具体型号原则上不再指定新的代码,除非这个改进型号的性能变化较大,按原有标准判读会影响到空中管制4.“ZZZZ”:特殊代码,表示该机型尚未指定代码5.国际民航组织建议的轻型、中型、重型飞机划分标准,是在航空管制方面很重要的标准,涉及到飞机尾流对后续飞机的影响,直接关系到航空安全轻型飞机(L:Light):按相关程序批准的飞机型号合格证上,最大起飞重量7吨或以下中型飞机(M:Medium):按相关程序批准的飞机型号合格证上,最大起飞重量7吨以上,136吨以下重型飞机(H:Heavy):按相关程序批准的飞机型号合格证上,最大起飞重量136吨或以上型号代码具体型号参考译名机型特点简介制造商代码备注(本站相关)AN12An-12 安12 四发涡桨中型ANTONOVAN22An-22 /Antheus 安22 四发涡桨重型ANTONOVAN24An-24 安24 双发涡桨中型ANTONOVAN24Y-7系列、MA60 运7/新舟60双发涡桨中型XIANAN32An-32/Sutlej/Firekiller安32双发涡桨中型ANTONOVAN70An-70 安70 四发涡桨中型ANTONOVAN72An-72/74 安72/74 双发涡扇中ANTONOVA124An-124 /Ruslan 安124 四发涡扇重型ANTONOVA140An-140 安140 双发涡扇中型ANTONOVA225An-225 /Mriya 安225 六发涡扇重型ANTONOVAT43ATR42-300系列双发涡桨中型AI(R)AT44ATR42-400 双发涡桨中型AI(R)AT45ATR42-500 双发涡桨中型AI(R)AT72ATR72 双发涡桨中型AI(R)A30B A-300B2系列、C4-100 空中客车双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA30B A-300B4-100/200 双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA3ST A-300ST Beluga 双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA3ST A-300ST SuperTransporter双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA306A-300B4/C4/F4-600 双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA310A-310系列双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA318A-318 双发涡扇中型AIRBUSA319A-319、A-319 ACJ 双发涡扇中型AIRBUSA320A-320 双发涡扇中型AIRBUSA321A-321 双发涡扇中型AIRBUSA332A-330-200 双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA333A-330-300 双发涡扇重型AIRBUSA342A-340-200 四发涡扇重AIRBUSA343A-340-300 四发涡扇重型AIRBUSA345A-340-500 四发涡扇重型AIRBUSA346A-340-600 四发涡扇重型AIRBUSB190Beech 19000 比奇双发涡桨中型BEECHBE10Beech 100 King Air 空中国王双发涡桨轻型BEECHBE20Beech 200 Super KingAir双发涡桨轻型BEECHBE30Beech 300 Super KingAir双发涡桨轻型BEECHB350Beech Super King Air350双发涡桨轻型BEECHBE99Beech 99/ Airliner 双发涡桨轻型BEECHB212Bell Anafa/212 贝尔双发涡桨直升机BELLB412Bell Arapaho/412Sentinel双发涡桨直升机BELLB214Bell 214A/B/C 双发涡桨直升机BELLB461BAe-146-100 四发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEB462BAe-146-200 四发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEB463BAe-146-300 四发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEB701707-100 波音四发涡扇中型BOEINGB703707-300 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB722727-200 三发涡扇中型BOEINGB712717-200 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB731737-100 双发涡扇中BOEINGB732 737-200/200Surveiller 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB733737-300 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB734737-400 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB735737-500 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB736737-600 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB737737-700/BBJ、BBJ 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB738737-800、BBJ2 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB739737-900 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB741747-100 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB742747-200 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB743747-300 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB744747-400(international)四发涡扇重型BOEINGB74D747-400 (domestic) 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB74S747SP 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB74R747SR 四发涡扇重型BOEINGBSCA 747SCA Shuttle Carrier 四发涡扇重型BOEINGB752757-200 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB753757-300 双发涡扇中型BOEINGB762767-200 双发涡扇重型BOEINGB763767-300 双发涡扇重BOEINGB764767-400 双发涡扇重型BOEINGB772777-200 双发涡扇重型BOEINGB773777-300 双发涡扇重型BOEINGC120Cessna 120 塞斯纳单发活塞轻型CESSNAC150Cessna A150 Aerobat 单发活塞轻型CESSNAC172 Cessna 172/172 Skyhawk 单发活塞轻型CESSNAC182Cessna Skylane 单发活塞轻型CESSNAC82R Cessna Skylane RG 单发活塞轻型CESSNAC208 Cessna 208 Cargomaster 单发活塞轻型CESSNAC525Cessna CitationJet(525)/CJ1双发涡扇轻型CESSNAC25A Cessna Citation CJ2 双发涡扇轻型CESSNAC560Cessna Citation 5Ultra Encore双发涡扇中型CESSNAC550Cessna Citation S2 双发涡扇轻型CESSNAC56X Cessna Citation Excel 双发涡扇中型CESSNAC650Cessna Citation 6/7 双发涡扇中型CESSNAC750Cessna Citation 10 双发涡扇中型CESSNACL60Challenger600/601/604双发涡扇中型CANADAIRCRJ1Regional Jet RJ-100 双发涡扇中型CANADAIRCRJ2Regional Jet CRJ-200 双发涡扇中型CANADAIRCRJ7Regional Jet CRJ-700 双发涡扇中CANADAIRCRJ9Regional Jet CRJ-900 双发涡扇中型CANADAIRD228Dornier 228 双发涡桨轻型DORNIERD328Dornier 328 双发涡桨中型DORNIERDC10DC-10 三发涡扇重型MCDONNELLDOUGLASDC85DC-8-50 Jet Trader 四发涡扇轻型DOUGLASDC91DC-9-10 双发涡扇中型DOUGLASDC93DC-9-30 双发涡扇中型DOUGLASDHC4DHC-4 /CV-2Caribou 双发活塞中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADHC5C-115 /CV-7Buffalo 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADHC6 DHC-6/C-138 Twin Otter 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADHC7Dash 7 四发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADH8A DHC-8-100/Dash 8 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADH8B DHC-8-200/Dash 8 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADH8C DHC-8-300/Dash 8 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADADH8D DHC-8-400/Dash 8 双发涡桨中型DEHAVILLANDCANADAE110EMB-110 Bandeirante 双发涡桨轻型EMBRAERE120EMB-120 Brasilia 双发涡桨中型EMBRAERE135EMB-135 双发涡扇中型EMBRAERE145EMB-145AEWC/LR/ER 双发涡扇中型EMBRAERE45X EMB-145XR 双发涡扇中型EMBRAERE170ERJ-170/175 双发涡扇中型EMBRAERE190ERJ-190/195 双发涡扇中型EMBRAERFA10Falcon 10 双发涡扇中型DASSAULTFA20Falcon 20 双发涡扇中型DASSAULTFA50Falcon 50 三发涡扇中型DASSAULTF900Falcon 900 三发涡扇中型DASSAULTF2TH Falcon 2000 双发涡扇中型DASSAULTF50Fokker 50 MaritimeEnforcer双发涡桨中型FOKKERF60Fokker 60 双发涡桨中型FOKKERF70Fokker 70 双发涡扇中型FOKKERF100Fokker 100 双发涡扇中型FOKKERGLF3C-20A/B/C/D/EGulfstream 3 G-1159AGulfstream 3/SRA-1双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMGLF4C-20F/G/H Gulfstream4G-1159C Gulfstream4/SP/SRA 4双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMGLF5C-37 Gulfstream 5G-1159D Gulfstream 5双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMGLEX BD-700 Global Express 双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMCL30Challenger 300 双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMGL5T Global 5000 双发涡扇中型GULFSTREAMH25B BAe-125-700/800 双发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEIL76Il-76/78/82 四发涡扇重型ILYUSHINIL86Il-86 四发涡扇重型ILYUSHINIL96Il-96 四发涡扇重型ILYUSHINI114Il-114 双发涡桨中型ILYUSHINJ328328JET Envoy 3 双发涡扇中型FAIRCHILDDORNIERJ728728JET 双发涡扇中型FAIRCHILDDORNIERJS32Jetstream Super 31 双发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEJS41Jetstream 41 双发涡扇中型BRITISHAEROSPACEJS20Jetstream 200 双发涡扇轻型BRITISHAEROSPACELJ35Learjet 35 双发涡扇中型LEARJETLJ40Learjet 40 双发涡扇中型LEARJETLJ45Learjet 45 双发涡扇中型LEARJETLJ55Learjet 50 双发涡扇中型LEARJETLJ60Learjet 60 双发涡扇中型LEARJETL101L-1011 TriStar 三发涡扇重型LEARJETMD11MD-11 三发涡扇重型MCDONNELLDOUGLASMD81MD-81 双发涡扇中型MCDONNELLDOUGLASMD82 MD-82 双发涡扇中型 MCDONNELLDOUGLAS MD83 MD-83 双发涡扇中型 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS MD87 MD-87 双发涡扇中型 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS MD88 MD-88 双发涡扇中型 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS MD90 MD-90 双发涡扇中型 MCDONNELL DOUGLAS RJ70 RJ-70 Avroliner 四发涡扇中型 BAE SYSTEMS RJ85 RJ-85 Avroliner 四发涡扇中型 BAE SYSTEMS RJ1H RJ-100 Avroliner四发涡扇中型BAE SYSTEMS SB20 SAAB 2000 萨伯2000双发涡桨中型 SAAB SF34 SAAB 340 萨伯340 双发涡桨中型 SAAB T154Tu-154图154三发涡扇中型TUPOLEV T204 Tu-204/214/224/234 图204系列 双发涡扇中型 TUPOLEV T334 Tu-334 图334 双发涡扇中型 TUPOLEV Y11 Y-11 运11 双发涡桨轻型 HARBIN Y12 Y-12 /Twin Panda运12 双发涡桨轻型HARBINYK42 Yak-42雅克42三发涡扇中型YAKOVLEV附:制造商代码说明(供参考)AI(R):Aero International (Regional) (UK/France/Italy) AIRBUS :GIE Airbus Industrie (France/Germany/UK/Spain) 空中客车:欧洲空中客车工业公司BOMBARDIER:Bombardier Inc (Canada)庞巴迪:BOEING:Boeing Aircraft Company (United States)波音:美国波音飞机公司SAAB:Saab Aircraft AB (Sweden)萨伯:瑞典萨伯飞机公司ANTONOV:Aviatsionny Nauchno-Tekhnichesky Kompleks Imeni O K Antonova (Ukraine)安东诺夫:乌克兰安东诺夫航空科学技术联合体BEECH:Beech Aircraft Corporation (United States)比奇:美国比奇飞机公司BELL:Bell Aircraft Corporation (United States)贝尔:美国贝尔飞机公司BRITISH AEROSPACE:CESSNA:Cessna Aircraft Company (United States)塞斯纳:美国塞斯纳飞机公司DASSAULT:Dassault Aviation (France)达索:法国达索航空工业公司DE HAVILLAND CANADA:Bombardier Aerospace De Havilland (Canada) 德·哈维兰:加拿大庞巴迪宇航德·哈维兰公司DORNIER:Dornier GmbH (Germany)多尼尔:德国多尼尔公司DOUGLAS:Douglas Aircraft Company Inc (United States)道格拉斯:美国道格拉斯飞机公司EMBRAER:巴西航空工业公司FAIRCHILD DORNIER:Fairchild Aerospace Corporation (UnitedStates/Germany)费尔柴尔德-多尼尔:美德费尔柴尔德宇航公司FOKKER:Fokker BV (Netherlands)福克:荷兰福克飞机公司GULFSTREAM AEROSPACE:Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation (United States) 湾流宇航:美国湾流宇航公司HARBIN:Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation (China)哈尔滨:中国哈尔滨飞机制造厂ILYUSHIN:Aviatsionnyi Kompleks Imeni S.V.Ilyushina OAO (Russia)伊留申:俄罗斯伊留申航空联合体股份公司LEARJET:Bombardier Aerospace Learjet (United States)利尔喷气:美国庞巴迪宇航利尔喷气公司LOCKHEED:Lockheed Aircraft Corporation (United States)洛克西德:美国洛克西德飞机公司MCDONNELL DOUGLAS:McDonnell Douglas Corporation (United States)麦克唐纳·道格拉斯:美国麦克唐纳·道格拉斯公司TUPOLEV:Aviatsionny Nauchno-Tekhnishesky Kompleks Imeni A N Tupoleva OAO (Russia)图波列夫:俄罗斯图波列夫航空科学技术联合体XIAN:Xian Aircraft Company (China)西安:中国西安飞机制造厂YAKOVLEV:Yakovlev Aviatsionnoye Korporatsiya OAO (Russia)雅科福列夫:俄罗斯雅科福列夫实验设计局开放型联合股份公司。

飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)

飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)

飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版),是一款将α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测与无人机相融合的满足特殊客户群体需求的产品。

“飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)主要功能:设备由自身锂电池供电,搭载相机与α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测模组,用户可以通过遥控飞行,让飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)飞到需要检测的现场进行现场气体浓度检测,并实时将数据传回至上位机监测平台。

内置α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测模组采用无线数据传输,气室采用防气流干扰设计,能够在一定移动速度的情况下,保证检测数据的正确性与稳定性。

相机配备1英寸1240万像素影像传感器,可拍摄高清现场视频,并高速拍摄现场环境提醒和报警功能齐全无线视频与气体检测数据通讯实时现场环境拍摄与拍照功能遥控飞行检测防气流干扰设计搭载第三代‘COVER’传感器模组黑匣子功能大容量锂电池供电飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)简介飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版),是一款将α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测与无人机相融合的产品,为了满足特殊客户需求的产品。

飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)主要功能有:设备由自身锂电池供电,搭载相机与α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测模组,用户可以通过遥控飞行,让飞行式α-甲基苯乙烯气体报警器(网络版)飞到需要检测的现场进行现场气体浓度检测,并实时将数据传回至上位机监测平台。

内置α-甲基苯乙烯气体检测模组采用无线数据传输,气室采用防气流干扰设计,能够在一定移动速度的情况下,保证检测数据的准确性与稳定性。

相机配备1英寸1240万像素影像传感器,可拍摄高清现场视频,并高速拍摄现场环境。

新增后视视觉传感器与机身两侧的红外感知器,安全性更高,飞行更智能。

钛合金、镁合金材料的使用让机身轻盈坚固。

产品特点★提醒和报警功能齐全:传感器到期提醒功能、超浓度报警功能、超温度报警功能、故障报警功能、仪表标定提醒功能等;★无线视频与气体检测数据通讯。

ICAO4看图说话经典图片

ICAO4看图说话经典图片

ICAO4看图说话经典图片From this picture I can see an aircraft of Air France is approaching for landing. It’s Boeing 747. The weather is not very good. Maybe it’s going to rain later. This is a coastal city. It shows that the airport is near the beach. The aircra ft’saltitude is too low. People on the beach are surprised at this big plane and its big noise. They are wondering why it’s so low, why the captain doesn’t control the plane well; maybe he is too tired to concentrate himself. In my opinion, if the pilot doesn’t go around immediately, the plane will land at chevrons, the landing gear may be broken, or it will skid off the runway, even it will be damaged . It can also cause theexplosion and hurt the people and buildings around the airport, so that the airport should be closed and the airlines should be delayed.This is a coastal city. There are so many high buildings in this big city. I can see the runway in the right corner of the picture. The instrument shows that this is the Boeing 767. They will make approaching. But the captain is looking out of thewindow to enjoy the beautiful scenery. I wondered why he doesn’t control the plane in the short final but give it to first officer. This may cause accident. For example, the plane may rush into the water, orit will skid off the runway to collide the terminal building, or run out off the runway, even damage the aircraft. It can also cause theexplosion and hurt the people in the airport. so that the airport should be closed and the airlines should be delayed..From this picture, I can see a flourish and modern coastal city. There are many boats in the harbor here and there. The airport is in the harbor. This aircraft is Boeing 747-400. I can see the aircraft prepares to land for its gear has already put down, the flaps have fully extended. But it is too high, and doesn’t set the heading of the run way. I think the pilots should decent the aircraft to the normal altitude and set the heading of the run way immediately. If don’t, they should go around to make another approach for landing. Otherwise, the touch point may be in the middle of the run way and the plane will rush into the sea. If it doesn’t change, the wing tip, the gear and the engine may be broken, or it may collide the other plane in front of it, the result is terrible.From this picture I can see an accident. This aircraft is Boeing747-400. It has smoke around its tail. Its gear, wheels or engine may be broken. It has a medium bank. Maybe the plane is too high, too fast and doesn’t set the heading of the run way. Or maybe there is heavy cross wind. The pilots didn’t set the heading or decent to the normal altitude, or didn’t go around for another landing immediately.In that case, the plane may run out of the run way into the sea, or collide the other aircraft in frontof it, it may cause the fire and explosion of engine and fuel tank. The result is terrible.From this picture I see a Boeing 747-200 of Saudi Arabian. The aircraft ran out of the run way into a drain. The nose, gear, and engine were broken. The crew members might be injured. It might be caused by the strong cross wind, or the bad weather, such as thunderstorm or typhoon, so the run way surface was wet and had standing water, so that the pilots couldn’t control the plane we ll. Or there was something wrong with the hydraulic system, the brake was out of control. Or because the crew members didn’t judge the situation and control it correctly. Luckily, it didn’t catch fire.From this picture I can see there are three aircraft in the airport.I can tell it just rained because the runway surface is wet and there are reflected lights. A Boeing 777 is taxing. Two aircraft collided with each other. The Air Bus 320 of Northwest Airlines collided the DC 9 maybe when the big one was pulledback. The vertical tail, left wing and engine, tail part , and nose of the DC 9 were damaged by Air Bus 320. The right wing, engine, andtail of Air Bus 320 were broken. The emergency air slide has been put down for the evacuation of crew members and passengers. Because of its low speed, it could stop immediately, so that the two aircraft didn’t catch fire. I think the driver of the tug truck should be responsiblefor this accident. There are also some fire trucks and people. The accident must be noticed by the FAA.From this picture I can see two aircraft. One is Boeing 767 of American airlines, and the other is Boeing 747-400 of New Zealand airlines. The left engine of Boeing 767 is on fire. There are lots of flame and smoke around it. This may be caused by the leakage or the overheating of the engine. At this moment, I think the pilots should request the tower for emergency service. Meanwhile, they should control the plane to evacuate this area as soon as possible, because there are many oilcans on its right side. Otherwise, if the engine explodes, it can cause the explosion of the oilcans. This can be therisk of the terminal building or the airport and even the whole city. After the plane get away from this area, the crew members should put out the fire, cut down the engine, hydraulic system and electric system immediately, and inform the cabin attendants to do evacuation.From this picture I can see a B 707 on the beach. I can’t see its wheels and landing gear, and the emergency exits were open, so maybe it did the belly landing. The reason of this matter may be there were something wrong with the hydraulic system, the landing gear couldn’t be put down. The crew decided to do belly landing on the beach. I think they made the correct decision. What’s more, they should dumping fuel before they land. The aircraft didn’tcatch fire and the emergency exits were opened for emergency evacuation. Passengers and the crew members could evacuate successfully. But this aircraft might not be used any more.From this picture I can see a Boeing 737-700 landed on the road. There are some buildings near the road. A sign shows that there is an airport nearby. The wings, leading edges, engines and landing gear were all broken. The whole world is covered by snow. So, the accident maybe caused by the bad weather. It snowed heavily when the aircraft prepared for landing. The VIS was bad at that moment. Or, theremight be something wrong with the hydraulic system, the landing gear couldn’t be put down, and the b rake was out of control. So the aircraft ran out of the runway and rushed into the road. There are some police cars, ambulance and fire truck around it. This accident is a verytypical and infrequent one in the history.。

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飞行员ICAO考试简介
2010-09-21 16:27
1. 什么是ICAO
根据国际民航组织(ICAO)关于飞行人员英语语言能力的要求,飞标司组织开发了民航飞行人员英语等级考试系统,并组织民航英语方面的专家,对考试系统题库进行了专业审定。

目前,系统测试已完成,第一个考点设在中国民航飞行学院考试中心,该考点于2008年4月1日正式启用。

该系统作为中国民航推进ICAO关于飞行员英语水平的重要工程,于2007年7月份开始立项,筹备以来,国内多家航空院校和国际知名语言培训机构参与到该系统的建设。

为确保考试的科学性、公正性,民航西南地区管理局负责飞行学院考试点的考试工作进行管理和监督。

飞行学院负责具体考务工作。

2. ICAO考试内容
如图所示分为四个板块:
第一部分:听力理解
你会听到若干组长达10秒或20秒的对话或陈述,在每组对话或陈述后,会相应地提出一个问题。

对话与问题都仅说一次。

在问题之后会有一个停顿(17秒左右),你必须阅读ABCD四个选项并点击选出最为正确的一个。

应试技巧:这部分题很类似日常英语考试听力单选题,不同之处在于每一题都与民航专业知识紧密相连,范围从从机长的职责到特情处置都有。

难点在于,每一题是由不同人士录音而成,并且可能会有
杂音干扰。

建议大学在准备第一部分时,多多阅读《民航英语阅读教程》,熟悉一些key words,for example, depressurization(释压)fire engine(救火车), emergency assistance(紧急救援)。

如果这些词在辨认、发音上还存在问题,那么要在短时间类听懂并做出正确判断的可能性就微乎其微了。

第二部分短文答问
这部分你会听到一段长达120秒的陆空通话。

在通话最后,你会被冲问到3个问题。

每个问题提出后,你会听到”beep”声,之后你必须通过麦克风进行口头答问。

你的声音会被录制下来。

对话听两遍,问题仅听一遍。

应试技巧:我认为这部分对大多数同学来说会是个难点,因为在中式传统教学中,这样的考试形式是很陌生的。

要在2分钟之内,既听懂发生了什么事,也得记下一些要点,比如:事故发生的情况,此时所在的高度等相关信息。

这就要求,陆空通话的理解能力与运用能力,同时还有你自己的英语语言组织能力。

我建议这部分有困难的同学,1.找到正确的应试方法。

建议第一遍时听懂发生了什么事,第二遍记下细节。

不可在慌乱之中出现“盲听”现象,总之,找到适合自己最好的方法来应付考试。

2. 在陆空通话上下功夫。

自己听不懂,是由于单词不熟悉,还是没听到,或者是紧张出现“大脑空白”,还是来不及记下关键信息。

自己是出于哪个问题,一定先要做好定位,再采取行动解决,比如,若是对陆空通话中数字反应较慢的同学,我建议在课本中找到相应的练习题进行大量练习。

又如,对特情“毫无头绪”
的同学,我建议你找到《陆空通话》最后几章,首先准确地记忆单词,其次,模仿书上的例子。

自己不会说没关系,多去背,模仿别人会说的,这样才能做到胸有成竹。

第三部分陆空通话
这部分,你扮演飞行员,与空管进行一次陆空通话。

你的飞机呼号等信息会显示在屏幕上。

对话开始后,你应仔细听话外音或空管的指令。

一共有15至20句对话。

你必须在每个对话后根据提示做出相关的回答。

每句陆空通话仅念一遍。

应试技巧:最近这部分题的难度增加较大,不再像以前一样发音清晰、录音中也有杂音干扰。

并且,特情部分也被增加。

像简单的readback出现较少,更多的考察你的应急陆空英语,比如说,遇到heart attack了,你会怎么说(熟悉的同学知道这类情况属于urgency, 所以应选呼panpan)那么遇到bomb threat了,又应该怎么说(mayday,…,…, request bomb disposal squad 拆弹小组)。

所以,这部分,不仅考查日常英语表达能力,也考察陆空通话专业知识。

日常英语有欠缺的,建议找来近期的OPI背诵。

陆空通话有问题的,不用说,多听多练多说,practice makes perfect.
第四部分OPI (口语面试)
这部分你会通过电脑和一位OPI考官进行面试对话。

你的屏障上会有一张图片。

考官会就图片问你一些问题。

你的回答会被录制下来,考试时间最长为15分钟。

应试技巧:这部分面试,对于英语基础薄弱的同学来说,是个难
点。

难在图片描述与专业知识的回答。

但这也是考试中的重点。

图片描述,我建议大家多关注近日来民航空难事故,并且自己做一些总结, 比如描述思路,图片分类(tail strike, nose over, engine on fire, emergency training, gear problem, hydraulic system, lightning, CB, etc..)最好是自己写下来,然后请有经验的同学或老师帮助修改语法错误,之后,再做背诵装备。

面试问题,从生活涉及到专业知识,广度非常大。

不过,根据现在的考试规律,民航专业知识提问概率大大增加,比如说: tell me sth about hydraulic system/ if you have to abort the take off , what will you do?/ suppose you have to make a belly landing, what kind of assistance will you request?/ say sth about CRM./ what are the responsibilities of a good captain. 这部分我建议:首先,大家好好复习《阅读教程》,熟悉单词。

其次,自己写下问题答案并做修改,建议简洁明了,不熟悉的句型避开使用。

最后,practice makes perfect, 熟能生巧,找个搭档一个当考官,一个当考生,相互练习。

3. 应试准备。

一.专业知识上的准备。

推荐根据考试时间自定个学习计划,依此复习《陆空通话》,《民航英语阅读教程》(4级考生用),《国际航线飞行英语(听力与陆空通话分册)》
二,了解正确的学习方法。

众所周知,传统的英语教学不太重视口语与听力。

而ICAO英语4个部分全与听力口语有关。

所以应试技巧也应有所不同,建议大家一定要注重口语,特别是民航专业陆空通
话。

请你思考,比如你要去考广东话等级证书,你是拿出册子练发音朗读呢,还是只是眼睛看,心里想?ICAO一个道理,不说不行,不听不行,当然,不看也不行。

但是心里要有数,在口语和听力上应多下功夫。

三,心态上的准备。

第4部分的准备时间会较长,因为问题范围广,难度不定(看你遇到的考官老师了)。

但是,正如我们面对特情一样,都应该有个平和的心态。

第1部分,难度也大,但不能因自己发挥不理想便心事重重,导致影响后面较简单的陆空通话的发挥。

第2部分也需要你集中注意力,在短短2分钟内,听懂,表达清晰。

加之自己的一套应试技巧,我认为这些都应该是你心态上的准备。

4. 评分标准。

水平发音结构词汇
使用
流利
程度
理解
能力
交际
能力
4
3
5. 考试最新动态
目前,考试难度有所增加,主要表现在陆空通话与OPI,专业性更强,要求英语能力(表达,词汇,理解等)也增加。

学校也对ICAO 更加重视,从这学期起,3次未达标的同学可能会被退学,并且,更多航空公司把标准提高到了“4级”。

所以,从各各方面,难度都大大增加。

但是ICAO仍是ICAO,是关于飞行英语的,是关于飞行员未来职业的,是关于民航运输安全的。

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