逻辑关系信号词
初三英语常考表示逻辑关系信号词
让步 转折 举例
though, although, even if/though but, however, yet, while, not…but…, instead(of), on the contrary for example
总结 加强
in a word, all in all just, only
常考表示逻辑关系的信号词
逻辑关系
信号词
因果 because, since, now that, due to, therefore, as a result;
递进 even, besides, in addition, what’s more, moreover;
顺序 比较
first (of all), then, before/after, next, in the end, finally, on one hand…on the other hand as...as, so do I,more, most
配套套题答案
文章主要讲述了，成功的要诀．制定目标并定期回顾目标会增加你成功的机会．设定目标是在任何领域取得成功的最重要和必 要的步骤，从一种欲望开始，然后是一个书面目标，接下来是正确的态度和行动，你会一步一步的到达成功． 【解答】ADBBD CAC
1．A 考查名词，A．difference不同点 B．surprise惊讶 C．hope希望 D．sale 出售，根据lies in setting and reviewing goals regularly,可知是指在制定和定期回顾目标之间的区别，故选A． 2．D 考查动词，A．sing 唱歌 B．dance跳舞 C．light 照亮 D．disappear 消失，根据You could pay no attention to them, 可知是指你不要去关注它们，让它们从你的脑子里消失，故选D． 3．B 考查名词，A．tools工具 B．excuses借口 C．stories故事 D．examples例子， 根据后文Whatever it is,I am sure your excuse is limiting you.不管它是什么，我相信你的借口是限制你的，推出此处是借口，故选B． 4．B 考查形容词，A．excited激动的 B．unclear不清楚的 C．sure 确信的 D．unhappy 不开心的，根据If you are…about what you want,you might end up at a certain age with things that you didn,t want,结合选项，推出句意：如果你不清楚你想 要什么，你可能会在一定的年龄带着你不想要的东西结束了你的梦想，故选B． 5．D 考查动词，A．imagine 想象 B．feel 感觉 C．stop停止 D．keep保持， 根据you moving closer to what you want,结 合选项，可知是指：让你不停的接近你想要的，keep doing sth,持续做某事，故选D． 6．C 考查名词，A．steps 台阶 B．decisions决定 C．choices 选择D．wishes 希望，根据后文wishful thinking,or taking action. 可知这是指两个选择，故选C． 7．A 考查副词，A．slowly慢慢地 B．suddenly突然地 C．luckily幸运地 D．sadly难过地， 根据one by one until you reach success,可知慢慢的，你会一步一步的到达成功，故选A． 8．C 考查动词，A．decided 决定 B．corrected纠正 C．followed 跟随 D．built 建造，根据It begins with a desire,and then a written goal…by the right attitude and action,结合选项，推出句意：它从一种欲望开始，然后是一个书面目标，接下来是正 确的态度和行动，故选C．
托福口语阅读中7大类常见逻辑关系信号词汇总介绍
托福口语阅读中7大类常见逻辑关系信号词汇总介绍托福口语阅读中7大类常见逻辑关系信号词汇总介绍托福口语阅读部分信号词一览阅读为通知，政策等表示要求的词require, decide,ask, demand, announce, be supposed to, should, be ought to etc.托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：并列,递进and, also, as well, besides, what’s more, in addition,托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：列举，增加and, in addition to, one more thing, also, plus托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：顺序first, to begin with, first of all, initially,first thing first, second, apart from that, on top of that, more than that,another factor should be taken into consideration is that, finally, last butnot least, 托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：转折but, however, nevertheless, yet, although托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：解释That is, in particular, I mean, In this way,To put it another way, In other words, That is to say, …so to speak, …let’ssay 托福口语阅读逻辑类信号词：因果As a result, As a consequence, Consequently, Therefore, Due to, Thanks to, On account of, since托福口语备考之独立口语：用新建筑取代旧建筑独立话题Should old buildings be replaced by new buildings?I think the old buildings should be preserved. I have two reasons to support my opinion. Firstly, old buildings are precious property of human being. We will lose those valuable historical buildings permanently if we don't preserve them. Once ahistorical building is destroyed, we can never restore it. Secondly, old buildings are a symbol of a city and a valuable tourist resource. Think about the Forbidden City and The Summer Palace in Beijing. They are the relics of the city and carrying great historical and cultural information. Every year they attract visitors from all over the world, which generates profound tourist income.More information1. Old buildings attract people.America’s downtown revivals suggest that people like old buildings. Whether the feeling is patriotic, homey, warm, or reassuring, older architecture tends to fit the bill. Regardless of how they actually spend their lives, Americans prefer to picture themselves living around old buildings. Some eyes glaze over when preservationists talk about “historic building stock,” bu t what they really mean is a community’s inventory of old buildings ready to fulfill new uses.2. Old buildings are reminders of a city’s culture and complexity.By seeing historic buildings — whether related to something famous or recognizably dramatic —tourists and longtime residents are able to witness the aesthetic and cultural history of an area. Just as banks prefer to build stately, old-fashioned facades, even when located in commercial malls, a city needs old buildings to maintain a sense of permanency and heritage.托福口语备考之独立口语：哪个职业应该高薪Who should be paid more: a nurse, a teacher, or an officer?From my perspective, nurse should receive the highest salary among these three. First of all, nurse has a great deal of responsibility. They provide hands on care to patients, make patients feel more comfortable, and assist in many aspects ofpatient care from dispensing medicine to drawing blood to simply talking with patients. Secondly, nurses have educational requirements. Depending on the type of nurse, their schooling may involve 6-8 years of education, which means they have to spend a lot of money and efforts in finishing their school. Therefore, nurses should definitely receive a higher pay.More informationThe must-know cons of being a nurseYou will be exposed to all types of germs and viruses. If you are squeamish, nursing is probably not your best career choice. Nurses deal with blood and other bodily fluids. They are also exposed to all types of viruses and other pathogens.Some days will be overwhelming. The job can be stressful for a variety of reasons. For example, there may be times you are short staffed or get a sudden increase in new patients to treat.Patients do not always want or appreciate help. It would be great if all your patients thanked you and were polite. But that is not how it works in the real world. Some patients are easy to work with and others are not.You will see sad situations. There will be times in your nursing career where you witness sad or tragic situations. Patients do not all make it, and watching someone die can be tough.You may have to work holidays, nights and weekends. Working as a nurse is not a 9-5 job Monday through Friday. Nurses who work in hospitals and nursing homes are needed around the clock.You may have to work varied shifts including nights.。
逻辑关系词,代词,和文章结构词
1.五类逻辑关系（前三类常考为核心，后二类为非核心）：第一类逻辑关系词：转折，让步，对比（本质：不一致）(1). 转折，对比：howeveradv. 无论如何；不管怎样, but, nonetheless尽管如此，但是, neverthe less然而，不过, yet*还；但是；已经，但是；然而, though虽然，尽管*, whereas然而*, while虽然；然而；当……的时候*, still*（但是）, conversely相反地, contrarily相反地, contrary to 相反地，对立的, to the contrary相反地，对立的, on the contrary, by contrast,对比，形成对照 in contrast, in comparison（相反地）, compared with (与…相比), unlike（不像）, excluding 将...排除在外，不包括…, save节省，挽救, except反对，除了…之外 except that, except for, other than不同于，非, barring除非；不包括；除…以外*, aside from除……之外；既……又……；*, apart from*（不包括）(2). 让步：even if即使, even though即使, despite尽管，不管, in spite of虽然，尽管…；, g ranted that即使；假定；就算, granting that, albeit, notwithstanding, although, though*, wh ereas*, while*（尽管）, (but) even so, (but) even now, (but) even then（尽管如此）, regardl ess of不管，不顾, irrespective of无论, regardless不管，不顾, even*（即使）(3). 转折，让步，对比：while*（尽管，然而）(4). 对比：instead代替，反而, instead of用…）代替…，, rather than（要）…而不…，与其…倒不如…；, prefer to（与其做…不如做…）, either…or…（或者…或者…）, neither…nor…（既不…也不…）, other, another（其它）, some…,ot hers…（一些…另一些…）; some…most…（一些…大部分…）;some…the remaining(一些…剩余的…); the former…the latter…（前者…后者…）; on （the）one hand…on the other hand…; on (the) one side…on the other side…（一方面…另一方面…）; some…others…still others…（一些…另一些…再一些…）; against (相对)类逻辑词：no, not, without超过；在…外面, hardly几乎不，简直不, rarely罕有的, seldom很少, barely仅仅, scarcely几乎不，简直不, less（否定功能）, stop停止，终止, cease（停止）, firstly首先, at first起初，当初, previously（曾经）, in effect实际上，事实上, in fact事实上, as a mat ter of fact事实上，其实；说起来, actually(其实), oppose反对, against（反对）, comparison, contrast（对比）, interestingly（有趣的是）, ironically（讽刺的是）, (un)fortunately（不幸的是）, than(比较级), anyway, anyhow（无论如何，不顾）。
雅思听力中三种常见的逻辑信号词
雅思听力中三种常见的逻辑信号词为了帮助大家备考雅思听力，下面小编分享几种较为常见且易于上手的逻辑信号词，以重申备考和应试的效率。
雅思听力中三种常见的逻辑信号词一、表示转折和对比在雅思测试以及剑桥系列中，表示转折和对比的信号词是最重要的一类，因为只要此类词一出现，大部分的答案就紧随其后了。
这类词大致有：however、but、unfortunately、yet、while、whereas、on the other hand、on the contrary、in fact、actually等等。
如Cambridge 6 test2 section1的第6题问到关于顾客的occupation，听力原文中说到："…well, I'm in Britain as a project manager, but that's not my main job. I'm an engineer by profession."虽然前面提到了跟职业相关的内容，但是请大家注意的是后面还有一个but，所以听到转折后，前面所说的信息就可以忽略掉了。
二、表强调和突出有时候学生做题的时候发现，明明关键词已经出来了，但是答案还是选错了。
那么这类题中有另外一些表示特别强调和突出的信号词，如：particularly、in particular、especially、more importantly、even、that is to say、to put it another word、surprisingly、much to my surprise、above all等等。
这类词出现后，百分百后面内容都会出现答案。
如Cambridge 9 test1 section2的15题：Shop specializes in equipment for .听力原文："They cover all the major sports, including football, tennis and swimming, but they particularly focus on running."原文中学生能很明显地听到了各种运动，但都不是最终答案，后面还有转折和强调，这个才是最关键。
托福阅读准确判断句子段落间逻辑关系5大类信号词
托福阅读准确判断句子段落间逻辑关系5大类信号词1.显示相同信息的信号词Therehabeenanupurgeofinteretinchambermuic.Likewieoperairecei vingabootfromincreaedrecordale.“likewie”这一信号词显示了前面所提到的idea后面还要再一次出现。
因此，阅读时见到这样的信号词无须放慢阅读速度。
这样的信号词还包括：and,furthermore,more,than,that,alo,likewie,moreover,inadditi on,whatimore,forintance,fore某ample2.显示思路转折的信号词I'dliketogobutI'mtoobuy.although,however,onthecontrary,but,inpiteof,otherwie,depite, neverthele,yet3.显示因果关系的信号词Aareultofthepilot'trike,allflighthavehadtobecancelled.Allflighthavehadtobecancelledaareultofthepilot'trike.所有航班被取消的原因是因为飞行员们的罢工;飞行员们的罢工导致了所有的航班不得不被取消。
显示因果关系的信号词还有：for,thu,becaue,forthireaon,o,therefore,a,ince,conequently4.显示顺序的信号词firt,econd,third,andoon,then,after,before,ne某t,lat,afterward,finally5.表示结论/总结的信号词Inconcluion,IwouldliketoayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyelftoday.词组“inconcluion”前面所提到的一些信息将在这里被归纳总结。
高考英语完形填空常考的十种逻辑关系
高考英语完形填空常考的十种逻辑关系语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。
语篇衔接中的逻辑关系非常重要，因为它能展现出作者的写作思路和篇章的意义。
高考对逻辑关系的考查主要有两种：一是考查逻辑关系的关联词；二是考查通过逻辑关系来推断出正确的答案。
因此，解题时，一定要重视语篇中前后句或上下文之间的逻辑关系，由逻辑关系中已知的部分推断出未知的部分，从而大幅提高解题能力。
高考英语完形填空中主要有以下十种逻辑关系1因果关系文中前后句之间是因果关系时，两句之间往往有表示原因和结果的关联词，如：because, so, as a result等；但是，有时两句之间却没有表示因果的信号词，这时前后句之间存在着一种隐性的因果关系。
[例1] He might not have done this particularly well, 46 the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there appealed to him. (2017年江苏卷)46. A. because B. butC. thoughD. so解析：本题考查表示前后句之间逻辑关系的连接词。
句意：他也许弹（钢琴）得并不特别好，因为老师说他对音乐的领悟能力不错，并建议他去乐器贮藏室看看是否有令他喜欢的乐器。
他弹得不够好，也许是因为钢琴不太适合他，是因果关系，故选A。
[例2] They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. (2017年北京卷)36. A. jumping B. eatingC. cryingD. waving解析：后一句中的“the man was homeless and hungry（这个男人无家可归且饥肠辘辘）”表示原因，本句表示结果，即前果后因。
逻辑关系词
三类核心逻辑关系：第一类逻辑关系词：转折，让步，对比(1). 转折，对比：however, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, whereas, yet, conversely, contrarily, contrary to, on the contrary, by contrast, in contrast, in comparison, other, anothe r﹡, some…others…; some…most…;some…, others…, still others…; the former…, the latter…; on （the）one hand…, on the other hand…; on (the) one side…, on the other side…; unlike, instead, instead of, rather than, prefer to, excluding, except, except that, except for, other than, aside from﹡, apart from﹡(2). 让步：although, though, even if, even though, despite, in spite of, regardless of, irrespective of, albeit, notwithstanding, anyway, anyhow, after all(3). 转折，让步，对比：while﹡第一类逻辑关系提示词：no, not, without, hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, less, stop, cease, firstly, at first, previously, in fact; in effect; actually, this…wrong, oppose, against, to, comparison, contrast, 比较级, interestingly, ironically, (un)fortunately第二类逻辑关系词：并列，递进，举例并列：and, also, or, as well as, as well, too, equally, similarly, likewise, similar to, consistent with, parallel with, aside from﹡, apart from﹡, besides, including, another﹡, neither…nor…, either…or…递进：furthermore, moreover, in addition, in addition to, what’s more, indeed, even, not only…but (also)…, still﹡举例总分：for example, for instance, such as, like, of(among/in/between) these(those/them)举例分总：above all, on the whole, in short, in brief, in a word, in conclusion, in summary, in a nutshell, to conclude, to sum up, all in all, generally, in general, overall, over all, finally, lastly, at last举例的分：firstly, at first, first and foremost, in the first place, to begin with, to start with, secondly, in the second place, 递进词, thirdly…第二类逻辑关系提示词：并列：“,”, “;” , “—” , “()” , namely, that is, in other words, this/it mean, this/it signify, this/it suggest, this/it imply, this/it indicate, this/it conveys, this/it infer, this/it demonstrate, this/it shows, this/it illustrate, this/it display, this/ it manifest, this/it boil down to, 同位语,同位语从句,定语从句, again, same, still﹡递进：increasingly, growingly, more and more, rather, quite, very, extremely, 强调句型举例：“:”, include, many things, all these, conclusion, summary第三类逻辑关系词：因果，目的原因：because, as﹡, for﹡, given, considering, now that, in that, (since), because of, on the ground of, in view of, in (the) light of, by virtue of, on account of, due to, owing to, thanks to, according to, for fear of(that)结果：therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, in consequence, as a result, as a result of, thereby, so…that…, such…that…目的：for﹡, so that, such that, in order to, so as to, in case﹡第三类逻辑关系提示词：explanation(n.), explain(v.), reason(n.), cause(n.＆v.), causal(adj.), resulting(adj.), influence(n.), affect(v.), effect(n.), consequence(n.), result(n.), result in, result from, bring about, lead to,attribute A to B, A be put down to B, A be in response to B有一个以上功能的词：still, another, for, in case, aside from, apart from, while, as, since 易混淆的词：so…that/so that, such…that/such that, accordingly/according to, only if/if only/even if/even though/as if/as though, in case/in case of二类非核心逻辑关系：时间：after, before, between, during, later, until, meanwhile, since, when, whenever, whilst, then, later, as﹡, while﹡,条件：unless, otherwise, in case﹡, in case of, on condition that, as long as, so long as，providing, provided, suppose, supposing, if, only if, if only, whether。
雅思听力八类信号词
•雅思听力常用逻辑联系信号词一.表示列举、增补关系的信号词also, and, as well as, besides, both…and, either, even, for example, for instance, furthermore, in addition, in particular, just as, like, likewise, moreover, namely, not only…but, one more thing, similarly, such as, tog ether, what’s more.•二.表示顺序或序列关系的信号词after, afterwards, as, as soon as, at the moment, before, between, earlier/later, finally, first, first of all, following this/that, for a start, for one thing…for another, in the first place, in the middle, in the second place, initially, just as, last but not least, meanwhile, next, previously, since, then, to begin with, until, when, whenever.•三.表示解释或者强调关系的信号词actually, another way of saying, consists of, equally, I mean, in other words, means, refers to, that is, especially, more importantly, specially, probably, approximately, mainly, one other thing I should point out.•四.表示归纳和结论性关系的信号词accordingly, admittedly, altogether, as a result, consequently, eventually, finally, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, in that case, lastly, on the whole, overall, thereby, therefore, to sum up, to conclude, to summarize.•雅思听力常用逻辑联系信号词part two•第五，表示转折或对比信号的信号词主要词汇：Although, by/in contrast, as a matter, of fact, nevertheless, instead, however, otherwise, while, thought, but, despite, on the contrary , on the other hand, in the same way, in spite of ,yet, whereas.•第六，表示因果关系的信号词•主要词汇：because, because of, cause, consequently, due to, for, for this reason, hence, in other words, leads to, owing to, since, so, the reason why, therefore, thus.•第七，表示确认关系的信号词•主要词汇：obviously, apparently, certainly, surely, of course, undoubtedly, particularly, specially, especially, basically, preferably, generally speaking.•第八,表示条件关系的信号词•主要词汇if, unless, whether, provided that, providing, for, so that, whether, depending on, given that, considering, without.。
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sure enough, to be sure, especially, above all, in particular, particularly, most importantly, most important of all
比 较 相 同 事 物 的 词 ： similar to, similarly, likewise, correspondingly
表示列举（enumeration): Firstly, …secondly,… finally, in the first place, in the second place, to begin with, to start with, first of all, next, also, after that, then
表示递进的词： first…second…, in addition (to), therefore, moreover, then, another, likewise, furthermore, next, not only…but also…
表 示 总 结 归 纳 的 词 ： in conclusion, all in all, generally speaking, in general, on the whole, to sum up, in summary
对比不同事物的词： differ from, otherwise, in contrast (to), on the contrary, whereas, the former…the latter…, unlike
表 示 因 果 关 系 的 词 ： so, consequently, thus, therefore, accordingly, as a result(of), so that, because, since, now that, it follows that, for this reason, for fear that
表示定义的词： that means…, in n, to paraphrase…, to define…
表示解释或举例的词：for example, for instance, in this case, in practice, in other words, for one thing, as follows, to illustrate…, as an illustration/as an example，such as…
表达态度和观点的词： In fact, as a matter of fact, actually, undoubtedly
感情色彩较浓的词： unashamedly, wonderfully, irrational 表示意义转折或让步的词：however, nevertheless, but, yet. 表示让步：although/though, in spite of, even though 表示强调：In fact, as a matter of fact, in reality, in effect,