测绘专业英语
测绘专业英语试卷
一、词汇或短语翻译（英译汉）1. 沉陷观测2. 挠度观测3. 建筑红线放样4. 横断面测量5. 大地水准面差距或大地水准面高6. 正高7. 甚长基线干涉测量8. 最小二乘平差9. 方差-协方差矩阵10. 正态分布11. 竖盘指标差12. 光学对中器13. 附合导线14. 坐标方位角15. 天顶距16. 水道测量17. 1980 1980大地测量参考系统二、词汇或短语翻译（汉译英）1. 工程测量2. 施工放样3. 竣工测量4. 大地高5. 参考椭球参考椭球6. 卫星激光测距 ()7. 重力场8. 测量平差9. 多余观测10. 点位中误差 a11. 粗差检验12. 自动目标识别 ()13. 几何水准测量14. 水准尺15. 平面控制网16. 控制测量17. 地籍测量三、句子翻译（英译汉）1. , , .测量是测定地面上各点的相对位置，以便根据它们之间正确的水平或竖直关系，按比例展示出天然地物和人工地物的一种技术。
2. , , , .在进行高程测量的一般程序中，比如水准测量中保持前后视距相等，自动考虑和补偿了地球曲率和大气折光的影响，基于曲面得到的高程仍然是可靠的，不需要测量员对数据进行进一步的处理。
3. . . ，, .这种类型的测量考虑到地球曲率的影响，被称为大地测量。
这种类型的测量的特点是区域广、基线长，用来测定控制点的精确位置。
在大地测量中，测站之间距离长，需要使用比平面测量中更精密的仪器和测量方法。
4. , , .两点之间距离可以是水平的，倾斜的或垂直的。
. 水平距离和倾斜距离测量有多种方法，取决于测量的精度要求。
5. , a . , , .电子测距仪的问世给测量程序带来一场深刻的革命，导致了重点与技术的改变。
不管地形情况如何，距离测量现在都变得简单、迅速，而且有很高的精度。
5. . .更集成的电子测距仪除测量斜距外，同时还具备测量水平角、竖直角和天顶距的功能。
这类仪器一般称之为全站仪。
6. , .控制网的类型从小区域的、简单的、便宜的到大范围的、复杂的、价格昂贵的不等。
测绘专业英语作文
测绘专业英语作文（中英文实用版）{z}Title: Surveying and Mapping Profession - An Overview in English Surveying and Mapping is a specialized field that plays a crucial role in various industries such as construction, engineering, urban planning, and geospatial technology.It involves the process of collecting data and making detailed measurements of the Earth"s surface to create accurate representations of the physical features.This essay aims to provide an overview of the surveying and mapping profession, highlighting its importance and key aspects of the field.Firstly, the surveying and mapping profession is vital in the construction industry.It provides the necessary data and information required for planning, designing, and executing construction projects.surveyors and mappers determine the boundaries of properties, identify suitable locations for structures, and create detailed plans that serve as the foundation for construction activities.Secondly, the engineering field heavily relies on surveying and mapping.Engineers use surveying data to design and construct infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, canals, and dams.accurate measurements and mapping ensure the safety, functionality, and efficiency of these projects, making surveying and mapping an integral part of the engineering process.Furthermore, the urban planning sector benefits significantly from the surveying and mapping profession.surveyors and mappers provide essential data for creating urban development plans, zoning regulations, and land-use policies.their work helps in managing and preserving natural resources, minimizing environmental impact, and enhancing the overall quality of life in urban areas.In addition, the geospatial technology industry leverages the surveying and mapping profession to gather and analyze spatial data.This data is used in various applications such as GPS navigation, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS).The advancements in technology have revolutionized the surveying and mapping field, enabling the use of drones, satellite imagery, and digital mapping tools for more accurate and efficient data collection.Moreover, the surveying and mapping profession encompasses various specialized areas such as topographic mapping, hydrographic surveying, and geodetic surveying.Topographic mapping involves creating detailed maps that depict the natural and man-made features of a specific area.Hydrographic surveying focuses on mapping bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, and rivers.Geodetic surveying deals with the measurement and mapping of large-scale geographic areas, ensuring the accuracy of coordinates and measurements across different regions.In conclusion, the surveying and mapping profession is of paramountimportance in various industries.It provides the necessary data and information for construction, engineering, urban planning, and geospatial technology projects.The advancements in technology have revolutionized the field, enabling more accurate and efficient data collection and analysis.As the world continues to evolve, the surveying and mapping profession will play a crucial role in shaping our built environment and utilizing geospatial data for sustainable development.。
测绘英语专业词汇
GPS英语专业词汇Acquisition Time: 初始定位时间Active Leg: 激活航线Adapter: 转接器、拾音器、接合器Airborne: 空运的、空降的、机载的、通过无线电传播的Alkaline: 碱性的、碱性Almanac: 历书、概略星历Anti-Spoofing: 反电子欺骗Artwork: 工艺、工艺图、原图ssAtomic Clock: 原子钟Auto-controlling: 自动控制Avionics: 航空电子工学;电子设备Azimuth: 方位角、方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Beacon: 信标Bearing: 方向，方位(从当前位置到目的地的方向)Bug: 故障、缺陷、干扰、雷达位置测定器、窃听器Built-in: 内置的、嵌入的Cellular: 单元的、格网的、蜂窝的、网眼的Cinderella: 水晶鞋、灰姑娘。
这里特指JA V AD GPS接收机OEM板的选项，能自动在隔周的星期二GPS午夜时刻开始的24小时内让您的Javad接收机和OEM板变为双频双系统。
Coarse Acquisition Code(C/A): 粗捕获码Cold Start: 冷启动Connector: 接头、插头、转接器Constellation: 星座Control Segment: 控制部分Converter: 转换器、交换器、换能器、变频管、变频器、转换反应堆Coordinate: 坐标Co-pilot: 飞机副驾驶Cost-effective: 成本低，收效大的Course: 路线、路程、航线Course Deviation Indicator (CDI): 航线偏航指示Course Made Good (CMG): 从起点到当前位置的方位Course Over Ground (COG): 对地航向Course To Steer(CTS): 到目的地的最佳行驶方向Crosstrack Error (XTE/XTK): 偏航De-emphasis: 去矫、去加重Definition: 清晰度Diagonal: 对角线、斜的、对角线的Distinguishability: 分辨率Dropping resistors: 减压电阻器、将压电阻器Datum: 基准Desired Track (DTK): 期望航线(从起点到终点的路线)Differential GPS (DGPS): 差分GPSDilution of Precision (DOP): 精度衰减因子Elevation: 海拔、标高、高度、仰角、垂直切面、正观图Enroute: 在航线上、航线飞行Ephemeris: 星历Estimated Position Error (EPE): 估计位置误差Estimated Time Enroute (ETE): 估计在途时间(已当前速度计算) Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA): 估计到达时间Front-loading data cartridges: 前载数据卡Geodesy: 大地测量学Global Positioning System(GPS): 全球定位系统GLONASS: 俄国全球定位系统GOTO: 从当前位置到另一航路点的航线Greenwich Mean Time: 格林威治时间Grid: 格网坐标Heading: 航向Headphone: 戴在头上的收话器、双耳式耳机Headset amplifier: 头戴式放大器High-contrast: 高对比度Intercom: 内部通信联络系统、联络用对讲电话装置Intersection: 空域交界Interface Option (I/O): 界面接口选项Initialization: 初始化Invert Route: 航线反转Jack: 插座、插孔Keypad: 键盘、按键Kinematic: 动态的L1 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1575.42 MHz)L2 Frequency: GPS信号频率之一(1227.6 MHz)Latitude: 纬度、纬线Leg (route): 航段，航线的一段Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): 液晶显示器Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS): 局域增强系统Localizer: 定位器、定位发射机、定位信标Longitude: 经度、经线Long Range Radio Direction Finding System (LORAN): 罗兰导航系统Magnetic North: 磁北Magnetic Variation: 磁偏角Map Display: 地图显示Meter: 米Mount: 安装、支架、装配、管脚、固定件Multiplexing Receiver: 多路复用接收机Multipath: 多路径Nautical Mile: 海里(1海里=1.852米).Navigation: 导航Navigation Message: 导航电文NA Vigation Satellite Timing and Ranging(NA VSTAR) Global Positioning System: GPS系统的全称National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA): (美国)国家航海电子协会NMEA 0183: GPS接收机和其他航海电子产品的导航数据输出格式North-Up Display: GPS屏幕显示真北向上Observatory: 观象台、天文台Offset: 偏移量Omnidirectional: 全向的、无定向的Orientation: 方位、方向、定位、倾向性、向东性Panel: 仪表盘、面板Panel-mount: 配电盘装配Parallel Channel Receiver: 并行通道接收机P-Code: P码Photocell: 光电管、光电池、光电元件Pinpoint: 极精确的、准确定位、准确测定、针尖Pixel: 象素Position: 位置Position Fix: 定位Position Format: 位置格式Power-on: 接通电源Pre-amplifier: 前置放大器Prime Meridian: 本初子午线Pseudo-Random Noise Code: 伪随机噪声码Pseudorange: 伪距Rack: 齿条、支架、座、导轨Resolution: 分辨率Route: 航线RS-232: 数据通信串口协议Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services (RTCM): 航海无线电技术委员会，差分信号格式Selective Availability (SA): 选择可用性Sidetone: 侧音Source: 信号源、辐射体Space Segment: 空间部分Speed Over Ground (SOG): 对地航速Specifcation: 详述、说明书、规格、规范、特性Split Comm: 分瓣通信Squelch:静噪音、静噪电路、静噪抑制电路Statute Mile: 英里(1英里=1,609米)Straight Line Navigation: 直线导航Strobe: 闸门、起滤波作用、选通脉冲、读取脉冲TracBack - 按航迹返航Track-Up Display - 航向向上显示Track (TRK): 航向Transceiver:步话机、收发两用机Transponder: 雷达应答机、（卫星通讯的）转发器、脉冲转发机Transducer: 渔探用探头、传感器Triangulation: 三角测量True North: 真北Turn (TRN): 现时航向和目的地之间的夹角Two-way: 双向的、双路的、双通的Universal Time Coordinated (UTC): 世界协调时间Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM): 通用横轴墨卡托投影U.S.C.G.: 美国海岸警卫队User Interface: 用户自定义界面User Segment: 用户部分Velocity Made Good (VMG): 沿计划航线上的航速Viewing angles: 视角Waypoint: 航路点Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS): 广域差分系统World Geodetic System - 1984(WGS-84): 1984年世界大地坐标系Windshield: 防风玻璃、防风罩Y-Code: 加密的P码Yoke: 架、座、轭、磁轭、磁头组、偏转线圈测量英语专用词汇MA-scope,MA型显示Mach number,马赫数machine code,机器代码machine intelligence,机器智能machine language,机器语言machine type rock ore densimeter,机械式岩矿密度仪macro analysis,常量分析macro instruction,宏指令macro-economic model,宏观经济模型macro-economic system,宏观经济系统macroassembly language,宏汇编语言magnet,磁铁magnet assembly,磁体magnet dynamic instrument,磁式动态仪器magnetic analyzer,磁分析器magnetic balance,磁秤magnetic card,磁卡magnetic core,磁心magnetic damper,磁性阻尼器magnetic deflection,磁偏转magnetic detector for lightning currents,闪电电流磁检示器magnetic disc,磁盘magnetic domain attachment,磁畴附件magnetic drum,磁鼓magnetic field,磁场magnetic field meter,磁场计magnetic field strength transducer[sensor],磁场强度传感器magnetic flaw detection ink,磁悬液magnetic flow transducer,磁性流量传感器magnetic flux transducer[sensor],磁通传感器magnetic grating displacement transducer,磁栅式位移传感器magnetic induced polariaxtion instrument,磁激电仪magnetic locator,磁定位器magnetic logger,磁测井仪magnetic oxygen transducer[sensor],磁式氧传感器magnetic particle,磁粉magnetic particle inspection,磁粉探伤机magnetic potentiometer,磁位计magnetic prospecting instrument,磁法勘探仪器magnetic(quantity)transducer[sensor],磁（学量）传感器magnetic resistivity instrument,磁电阻率仪magnetic resistor,磁敏电阻器magnetic rotaion comparison,磁旋比magnetic scale width meter[gauge],磁栅式宽度计magnetic screen[shield],磁屏蔽magnetic sensor,磁传感器magnetic separator,磁性分选仪magnetic storage,磁存储器magnetic susceptibility logger,磁化率测井仪magnetic tape,磁带magnetic tape unit,磁带机magnetic widn,磁风magnetization method,磁化方法magnetizer,充磁机magnetizing,磁化magnetizing assembly,磁化装置magnetizing coil,磁化线圈magnetizing current,磁化电流magnetizing time,磁化时间magneto electric balance,电磁天平magneto sensor,磁敏元件magnetoelastic effect,压磁效应magnetoelastic force transducer,磁弹性式力传感器magnetoelastic rolling force measuring instrument,磁弹性式轧制力测量仪magnetoelastic tensiometer,磁弹性式张力计magnetoelastic torque measuring instrument,磁弹性式转矩测量仪magnetoelastic torque transducer,磁弹性式转矩传感器magnetoelastic weighing cell,磁弹性式称重传感器magnetoelectric phase difference torque measuring instrument, 磁电相位差式转矩测量仪magnetoelectric phase difference torque transducer,磁电相位差林转矩传感器magnetoelectric tachometer,磁电式转速表magnetoelectric tachometric transducer,磁电式转速传感器magnetoelectric velocity measuring instrument,磁电工速度测量仪magnetoelectric velocity transducer,磁电式速度传感器magnetometer,磁强计；磁力仪magneto-optical effect magnetometer,磁阻磁强计magnetoresistive magentomenter,磁致伸缩磁力仪magnetostriction testing meter,磁致伸缩测试仪magnetostrictive transducer,磁致伸缩振动器magnetreater,磁处理机magentrol,磁放大器magnification,放大倍率magnitude-frequency characteristics,幅频特性magnitude margin,幅值裕度；幅值裕量magnitude-phase characteristics,幅相特性main axle of penetrator,压头主轴main storage,主存储器main valve,主阀maintainalbility,可维修性；可维护性；维修性；维修度maintenance,维修；维护maintenance test,维护试验major loop,主回路management decision,管理决策management information system(MIS),管理信息系统management level,管理级management science,管理科学manager,管理站Manchester encoding,曼彻斯特编码mandatory standard,强制性标准manipulated variable,操纵变量man-machice communication,人机通信man-machine coordination,人机控制man-machine coordination,人机协调man-machine interaction,人机交互man-machine interface,人机界面man-machine system,人机系统manned submersible,载人潜水器manometer,压力计manual control,手动控制manual data input programming,手动数据输入编程；人工数据输入编程manual operating device,手动装置manual operating mode,手动运转方式manual scanning,手动扫查manual station,手动操作器manufacturing automation protocol(MAP),制造自动化协议；生产自动化协议manufacturing message service(MMS),加工制造报文服务mapping,页面寻址；面分布图marine barometer,船用气压表marine digital seismic apparatus,海洋数字地震仪marine flux-gate magnetometer,海洋地球物理勘探marine gravimeter,海洋重力仪marine gravimeteric survey,海洋重力测量marine instrument,船用仪器仪表marine optical pumping magnetometer,海洋光泵磁力仪marine proton gradiometer,海洋质子梯度仪marine proton magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine proton precession magnetometer,海洋质子磁力仪marine seismic prospectiong,海洋地震勘探marine seismic streamer,海洋地夺电缆；拖缆；漂浮电缆marine vibrating-string gravimeter,海洋振弦重力仪mark,标志mark of conformity,合格标志marking,标志marking of an instrument for explosive atmosphere,防爆仪表标志mass,质量mass absorption coefficient,质量吸收系数mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometer(MIKES),质量分析离子动能谱仪mass analyzer,质量分析器mass centering,质量定心mass centering machine,质量定心机mass chromatography(MC),质量色谱法mass decade range,十倍质量程mass discrimination effect,质量歧视效应mass dispersion,质量色散mass flow computer,质量流量计算机mass flow-rate,质量流量mass flow rate senstive detector,质量流量敏感型检测器mass fragmentography(MF),质量碎片谱法mass indicator,质量指示器mass number,质量数mass peak,质量峰mass range,质量范围mass scanning,质量扫描mass spectrograph,质谱仪mass spectrometer,质谱计mass spectometric analysis,质谱法mass spectrometry(MS),质谱学；质谱法mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry(MS-MS),质谱-质谱法mass spectroscope,质谱仪器mass spectroscopy,质谱学mass spectrum,质谱mass-spring system,质量弹簧系统mass stability,质量稳定性mass storage,大容量存储器；海量存储器mass-to-charge ratio,质荷比master file,主文卷master/slave discrimination,主从鉴别；主副鉴别master station,主站master viscometer,标准粘度计material measure,实体量器material processibility,材料工艺性能material tesing machine,材料试验机mathematical model,数学模型mathematical similarity,数学相似mathematical simulation,数字仿真matrix correction,基本修正matrix effect,基体效应matrix printer,点阵印刷机；点阵打印机Mattauch-Herzog geometry(mass spectrograph),马-赫型双聚焦质谱法max allowable continuous working current,最大允许连续工作电流max deflection of linearity,最大线性偏转maximum acceleration,最大加速度maximum allowde deviation,最大允许扁差maximum ballistic scanning,最大冲击拂掠maximum capacity,最大称量maximum cyclic load,最大循环负荷maximum cyclic stress,最大循环应力maximum displacement,最大位移maximum excitation,最大激励maximum floating voltage,最大浮置电压maximum flow-rate,最大流量maximum load of the test,最大试验负荷maximum load of the testing machine,试验机最大负荷maximum operating pressure differential,最大工作压差maximum operationg water depth,最大工作（水）深度maximum output inductance,最大输出电感maximum output resistance,最大输出电阻maximum overshoot,最大超调量maximum peneration power,最大穿透力maximum power supply voltage,最高电源电压maximum principle,极大值原理；最大值原理maximum profit programming,最大利润规划maximum rated circumferential magnetizing current, 额定周向磁化电流；最大周向磁化电流maximum rated force under sinusoidal conditions,正弦态最大激振力maximum revolutions of output shaft,输出轴最大转数maximum scale value,标度终点值maximum sound pressure level of microphone,传声器最高声压级maximum strain,最大应变maximum temperature,最高温度maximum thermometer,最高温度计；最高温度表maximum transverse load,最大横向负荷maximum velocity,最大速度maximum wind speed,最大风速maximum working pressure(MWP),最大工作压力McLeod vacuum gauge,麦氏真空计mean availability,平均轴就流体速度mean dynamic pressure in a cross-section,横截面内的平均动压(mean) effective mavelength,（平均）有效波长mean flow-rate,平均流量mean life,平均寿命mean linear velocity of mobile phase,流动相平均线速mean load,平均负荷mean repair time(MRT),平均修理时间mean squared spectral density,均方谱密度mean strain,平均应变mean stress,平均应力mean time between failures(MTBF),平均失效间隔时间mean time to failure(MTTF),平均失效前时间mean time to restoration,平均体膨胀系数meantime auto-spectrometer,同时式自动光谱仪(measurable)quantity,(可测的）量measurand,被测量measured object,被测对象measured quantiry,被测量(measure)target,（被测）目标measured value,被测值measured variable,被测变量measurement,测量measurement hardware,测量硬件measurement of directional response pattern,指向性响应图案测量measurement of exciting force,激振力的测量measurement of vibration quantity,振动量的测量measurement procedure,测量步骤measurement signal,测量信号measurement standand,测量标准（器）measurement time,测量时间measuring amplifier,测量放大器measuring bridge,测量电桥measuring current transformer,测量用电流互感器measuring distance,测量距离measuring element(of an electro-mechanical measuring instrument), （电-机械测量仪表的）测量机构measuring equipment,测量装置；测量设备measuring hole,测量孔measuring indication system,测量指示装置measuring instrument,测量（仪器）仪表；测量器具measuring instrument with circuit control device,带有电路控制器件的测量仪表measuring junction,测量端区measuring microphone,测试传声器measuring plane,测量平面measuring point for the humidity,湿度测定点measuring point for the temperature,温度测定点(measuring)potentiometer,（测量）电位差计measuring range,测量范围measuring range higher limit,测量范围上限值measuring range lower limit,测量范围下限值measuring section,测量段measuring spark gap,测量球隙measuring system,测量系统measuring terminal,测量端measuring time,测量时间(measuring)transducer,（测量）传感器measuring transducer(with electrical output),（电量输出）测量变换器measuring voltage transformer,测量用电压互感器mechanical bathythermograph(MBT),机械式深温计mechanical hygrometer,机械湿度计mechanical impedance,机械阻抗mechanical properties,机械性能mechanical quantity,机械量mechanical quantity transducer[sensor],力学量传感器mechanical regulator,机械稳速器mechanical resonance,机械共振mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element,运动部件机械共振频率mechanical resonance frequency of the moving element suspension, 运动部件悬挂机械共振频率mechanical runout,机械脱出mechanical sensor,力敏元件mechanical shock,机械冲击mechanical strain,机械应变mechanical structure type transducer[sensor],结构型传感器mechanical test,机械性能试验mechanical testing machine,机械式试验机mechanical top-loading balance,机械式上皿天平mechanical vibration,(机械）振动mechanical vibrator,机械振动器mechanical vibraometer,机械测振仪mechanical zero,机械零位mechanical zero adjuxter,机械零位调节器mechanism model,机理模型medium temperature strain gauge,中温应变计（片）mel,美（音调的单位）melted quartz cqpacitor,熔融石英电容器melting heat,熔解热melting point,熔解点melting point type disposable fever thermeometer,熔点型消耗式温度计memory,存储器memory protection,存储保护Mendeleev weighing,门捷列夫称量法meniscus,弯月面menu selection mode,选单选择式；菜单选择式meroury barometer,水银气压表mercury drop amplitude,汞滴振幅mercury motor meter,水银电机式仪表mercury pool electrode,示池电极mercury thermoneter,水银温度表message,报文message mode,报文方式message switching,报文交换messenger,使锤metal base indicated electrode,金属基指示电极metal-ceramic X-ray tube,金属陶瓷X射线管metal-insoluble salt indicated electrode,金属-难溶盐指示电极metal-oxide gas transducer[sensor],金属氧化物气体传感器metal-oxide humidity transducer[sensor],金属氧化物湿度传感器metal-spring gravimeter,金属弹簧重力仪metallic material testing machine,金属材料试验机metallurgical automation,冶金自动化metastable dceomposition,亚稳分解metastable defocussing,亚稳去聚焦metastable ion,亚稳离子metastable scanning,亚稳扫描meteorograph,气象计meteorological instrument,气象仪器meteorological observation,气象观测meteorological radar,气象雷达meteorological rocket,气象火箭meteorological satellite,气象卫星meteorological tower,气象塔meter,计；表meter electrodes,测量电极meter flow-rate,仪表流量meter for testing constant current fluxreset curve,恒流磁通回归曲线测试仪meter tube(of an electromagnetic flowmeter),（电磁流量计的）测量管meter wheel,绳索记数器meter with maximum demand indicator,最大需量电度表meters(for the measurement of the volume of fluids),（测量流体体积的）仪表meters for measuring amplitude by a reading microscope,读数显微镜测振幅法method for measuring amplitude by a wedge gauge,量楔测振幅法method of coreection,校正方法method of electron diffraction,电子衍射法method of field emission microscope(FEM),场发射显微镜法method of field parameter measurement,场参数测量法meteod of instability,不稳定法method of least squqres,最小二乘方法method of measurement,测量方法method of modal balancing,振型平衡法method of spot parameter measurement,点参数测量法method standard,方法标准metrological performance,计量性能mica capacitor,云母电容器imcro adsorption detector,微量吸附检测器micro analysis,微量分析micro balance,微量天平micro coulometric detector,微库仑检测器microbarograph,微（气）压计microbarometer,微压表microcomputer,微（型）计算机microcomputer alternating current resistivity instrument,微机化交流电阻率仪器micro-computer field measuring system,微电脑野外检测系统microcomputer induced polarization instrument,微机激电仪micro-densitometer,微密度计micro-economic model,微观经济模型micro-economic system,微观经济系统micro-heat of adsorption detector,微量吸附热检测器micro-packed column,微填充柱microhardness number,显微硬度值micrometer,测微器micrometer checker,千分表检查仪microphone,传声器microphone calibration apparatus,传声器械校准仪microphone protection grid,传声器保护罩microphone response frequency,传声器共振频率microphone stand,传声器架microphone temperature coefficient,传声器温度系数microphotometer,测微光度计micropluviometer,微雨量器microtome,超薄切片机microwave,微波microwave detecton apparatus,微波检测仪microwave distance method,微波探伤法microwave distance meter,微波测距仪microwave hygroscope,微波测湿仪microwave plasma detector,微波等离子体检测器microwave radar,微波雷达microwave radiometer,微波辐射计microwave remote sensing,微波遥感micro-wave scatterometer,微波散射计microwave thickness meter,微波厚度计mid infrared range(MIR) remote sensing,中红外遥感minimum achievable residual unbalance,最小可达剩余不平衡量minimum cyclic load,最小循环应力minimum detectable leak,最小可检漏量minimum detectable partial pressure,最小可检分压强minimum flow-rate,最小流量minmum load of the testing machine,试验机最小负荷minimum operationg pressure differential,最小工作压差minimum phase system,最小相位系统minimum positioning time,最小定位时间minimum power supply voltage,最低电源电压minimum rate of benefit,最低收益率minimum reserve,最低储备iminmum risk estimation,最小风险估计minimum scale value,标度始点值minimum strain,最小应变minimum temperature,最低温度minimum thermometer,最低温度计；最低温度表minimum variance estimation,最小方差估计mining compass,矿山罗盘仪mirror dial,镜大幅度盘mirror telescope,反射望远镜mixing length,混合长度mixing ratio,混合比mobile phase,流动相mobile weather station,流动气象站mobile X-ray detection apparatus,移动式X射探伤机modal aggregation,模态集结modal control,模态控制modal matrix,模态矩阵modal transformation,模态变换mode of vibration,振型；振动模态mode shape,振形model,模型；型号model accuracy,模型精确度model analysis,模型分析model base(MB),模型库model base management system(MBMS),模型库管理系统model checking,模型置信度model coordination method,模型协调法model decomposition,模型分解model design,模型设计model evaluation,模型评价model experiment,模型实验model fidelity,模型逼真度model following control system,模型跟踪控制系统model following controller,模型跟踪控制器model loading,模型装载model modification,模型修改model of strain gauge,应变计[片]型式model reduction,模型降价model reduction method,模型降价法model reference adaptive control system,模型参考适应控制系统model reference control system,模型参考控制系统model simplification,模型简化model transformation,模型变换model validation,模型确认model variable,模型变量model verification,模型验证modeling,建模modern control theory,现代控制理论modern polarography,近代极谱法modifiability,可修改性modular programming,模块化程序设计modularity,组合性modularization,模块化modulation,调制modulation analysis,调制分析modulation sideband,调制边带modulator,调制器modulator-demodulator;modem,调制解调器module,模块modulus of elasticity,弹性模量moire fringe,莫尔条纹moire frenge grating,莫尔条纹光栅moisture content,含湿量；水汽含量moisture sensor,湿敏元件molecular absorption spectrometry,分子吸收光谱法molecular beam mass spectrometer,调制分子束质谱计molecular spectrum,分子光谱molecule ion,分子离子moment,分矩moment of pendulum,摆锤力矩monitoring,监视monitoring hardware,监视硬件monitoring program,监督程序monochromatic radiation,单色辐射monochromator,单色仪monocolour radiation,单色辐射monopole mass spectrometer,单极质谱计most economic control(MEC),最经济控制most economic observing(MEO),最经济观测mould growth test,长霉试验mould test chamber,霉菌试验箱mouldproof packaging,防霉包装mountain barometer,高山气压表mouse,鼠标器movable cross-beam,移动横梁movement,传动机构moving band interface,传送带接口moving coil,动圈moving ciol galvanometer,动圈式[磁电系]检流计moving-coil microphone,动圈传声器moving-conductor microphone,电动传声器moving element,运动部件；可动部分moiving-iron instrument,动铁式[电磁系）仪表moving-megnet galvanometer,动磁系振动子moving-magnet instrument,动磁式仪表moving point device,移点器moving-scale instrument,动标度尺式仪表moving table,滑台MS-MS scanning,质谱—质谱法扫描mud flow meter,泥浆流量计mud hydrometer,泥浆比重计mud logger,泥浆电阻仪mud lubrification meter,泥浆润滑性测定仪mud resistance meter,泥浆电阻仪mud sand content meter,泥浆含砂量测定仪mud wavter loss meter,泥浆失水量测定仪multi-axial strain gauge,多轴应变计multi band seismograph,多频带地震仪multichannel analyzer,多道分析器multichannel cross correlation,多通道互相关multi-channel logging truck,多线式自动测井仪；测井站multi-channel photo-recorder,多线照相记录仪multi-channel pulse height analyzer,多道脉冲高度分析仪multi-channel X-ray spectrometer,多道X射线光谱仪multi collectors mass spectrometer,多接收器质谱计multi-colour radiation thermometer,多色辐射温度计multi-colour thermometry,多色测温法multi-core type current transformer,多铁心型电流互感器multi crystal thermistor,多昌热敏电阻器multi-frequeny channel ground detector,多频道地电仪multi-runction(measuring)instrument,多功能（测量）仪表multi-function transducer[sensor],多功能传感器multi-idler belt conveyor scale,多托辊电子皮带秤multi-input multi-output control system;MIMO control system,多输入多输出控制系统multi-path diagonal-beam ultrasonic flowmeter,多声道斜束式超声流量计multi-plane balancing,多面平衡multi-objective decision,多目标决策multi-plate trim,多层叠板工节流组件multi-range(measuring)instrument,多范围（测量）仪表multi-rate meter,复费率电度表mulit-scale(measuring)instrument,多标度尺（测量）仪表mulit-stage accelerating electron gun,多极加速电子枪multistage flash distillation method for desalination,多级闪急蒸馏淡化法multi-step action,多位作用multi-step controller,多位控制器multi-turn electric actuator,多转电动执行机构multi-user simulation,多用户仿真multidimensional gas chromatograph,多维气相色谱仪multidimensional gas chromatography,多维气相色谱法multilayer control,多层控制multilayer system,多层系统multilevel computer control system,多级计算机控制系统multilevel control,多级控制multievel coordination,多级协调multilevel decision,多级决策multievel process,多级过程multilevel system,多级系统multilink,多链路multiloop control,多回路控制multiloop control system,多回路控制系统multiloop controller,多回路控制器multimeter,万用电表multiple channel recorder,多通道记录仪multiple echo method,多次反射法multiple-jet water meter,多注束水表multiple scattering event,多重散射过程multiple-sensor cross correlation,多传感器互相关multiple-speed floationg action,多速无定位作用multiple-speed floation controller,多速无定位控制器multiple step plug,多级阀芯multiple tide staff,群验潮杆；水尺组multiplex link,复用链路multiplexer,多路转换器；多路转接器multiplexing,多路复用multipoint connection,多点连接multipoint network,多点网络multipoint recorder,多点记录仪multiprocessing,多道处理；多处理机multiprogramming,多道程序设计multiprojecting plotter,多位投影测图仪multisegment model,多段模型multispectral camera,多光谱照相机multispectral scanner(MSS),多光谱扫描仪multistage decision process,多段决策过程multistate logic,多态逻辑multistratum control,多段控制multistratum system,多段系统multivariable control system,多变量控制系统。
测绘专业英语单词
Chapter 1Geomatics 测绘学Surveying 测量学Geodesy 测地学Geosciences 地球科学Surveying and mapping 测绘学Surveying and mapping engineering 测绘工程Geoinformatics 地理信息学Geodetic network 大地控制网Land Surveyor 土地测量员Photogrammetriest 摄影测量员Practitioner 从业者Topographic map 地形图Geographic information system 地理信息系统Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量学Remote sensing 遥感Cartography 地图制图学Computer graphics 计算机图形学Global navigation satellite system GNSS Global position system GPS Environmental visualization 环境可视化Geographic information system GIS Geographic referenced information 地理参考信息Landforms 地形Underground geological structure 地下地质构造Hydrology 水文学Mineral resources 矿产资源Topographic maps 地形图Geodynamic phenomena 地球动力学现象Polar motion 极移Crustal motion 地壳运动Earth tides 地球潮汐Sphere 球（体）Spheroid 球体Ellipse 椭圆Ellipsoid 椭圆体，椭球Surveying station 测站Geodetic control points 大地控制点With permanent monuments 永久标志Curved surface 曲面Straight line 直线Plane 平面Precise instrument 精密仪器Reference coordinat e 参考坐标Contour maps 等值线图Three dimensional model 三维模型Analog or digital forms 模拟或数字形式Specialized illustration software专业插图软件Data acquisition 数据获取Data representation 数据表达Manipulate 处理，操作Data storage 数据存储Data preprocessing 数据预处理Longitude latitude altitude 经度、纬度、高度Regional navigation system 地区导航系统Analog photogrammetry 模拟摄影测量Analytical photogrammetry 解析摄影测量Digital photogrammetry 数字摄影测量Plotter 绘图机Passive remote sensing/active remote sensing Film photography 胶片Infrared sensors 红外感应Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件Radiometer 辐射计Backscattered 反向散射Passive/active sensor/reflector 被动/主动传感器/反射器Henan polytechnic universityGeographic data 地理数据Reference spheroid 参考椭球体Curved surface 曲面Analogy form 模拟模式Radio signal 无线信号Laser 激光Chapter 2Analog forms 模拟形式Paper plan 平面图Report table 报告表Three dimensional mathematical model 三维数学模型Horizontal and vertical distances 水平距离和垂直距离Determining Elevations 确定高程Direction 方向Location 位置V olume 体积（量）Portray graphically生动描绘Profile/cross section 侧面/横断面Longitudinal section 纵剖面Diagram 图表/示意图Optical theodolite 光学经纬仪Digital level 数字水准仪Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) Total station 全站仪Aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影Satellite observation 卫星观测Inertial surveying 惯性测量Laser ranging techniques 激光测距技术Large volume of data 大量数据Rigorous processing 严密加工工艺Field/office work 野外/室内工作Conventional construction engineering projects 传统建设工程项目Property surveying 权属调查Geology 地质学geophysics地球物理biology生物agriculture 农业forestry 林业hydrology 水文oceanography 海洋学Geography地理学Distance measurement 距离测量Linear 线性物non-Spherical earth 球面地Slant 倾斜Tape 卷尺Telescope view望远镜视场electro-optical distance measuring 光电测距Earth gravity field 地球重力场Plume lines 铅垂线plastic tapes 塑料尺Poly tapes 塑料尺Steel types 钢尺Marking pole 花杆marking pin 测杆spring balance 弹簧秤Collimation axis 视准轴plumb bob 铅锤Invar tapes 因瓦尺Coefficient 系数Metric units 米制单位Foot units 英制单位Metric 公制，米制Meter 米Decimeter 分米Centimeter 厘米Minimeter 毫米Kilometer 千米Tacheometry 视距测量Theodolite tacheometryoptical resolutionOrdinary taping 普通丈量Precise taping 精密丈量Thermal expansion 热膨胀fixed-angle intercept截取一个固定角stadia interval factorstadia system 视距系统level rod 水准尺Plane table 平板仪line of sight 视线horizontal stadia principle 水平视距原理stadia interval 视距间隔factor 常数stadia hairs 视距丝Principle focus 主焦点detail surveys 碎步测量topographic surveys 地形测量Leveling 水准测量electronic distance measurement 电子测距仪Geodimeter Inc光电测距仪公司terrain conditions 地形条件Radio waves 无线电波Identical velocities 相同速度Light velocity 光速Vacuum 真空operational range 测距Microwave systems 微波系统Light wave systems 光波系统Infrared systems 红外系统Wavelength band 波段Transmitted signals 传播信号airborne particles 浮尘Traversing 导线测量Precise taping 精密丈量Curvature 曲率Mean sea level MSLPermanent points/benchmarks 基准参照Trigonometric or indirect leveling 三角高程测量direct or spirit leveling 水准测量stadia leveling 视距测量different leveling 差分水准Point in question 待求点self-reducing tacheometer 自降速测仪Barometric leveling 气压高程测量Gravimetric leveling 重力高程测量mutually perpendicular axesStandard deviations 标准差earth curvature and refractionAnnexed leveling line 附和水准路线spur leveling line 支水准路线closed leveling line 闭合水准路线preclude 排除slope distance 斜距vertical angle 竖直角Zenith angle 天顶角National vertical datum 国家高程基准theodolite 经纬仪transitangles of elevation 仰角minus angles angles of depression 俯角down angles reciprocal vertical angle observation 垂直角对测degree minute second 度分秒the sexagesimal system 六十进制系统radian 弧度topographic detail points 地形碎部点points to be set out 待放样点clinometer 测角仪/倾斜仪sextant 六分仪compass 罗盘true meridian direction 真子午线方向true north direction 正北方向meridian plane 子午面gyro theodolite 陀螺经纬仪magnetic meridian direction 磁北方向azimuths 方位角coordinate north direction 坐标北方向coordinate axies directionclockwise direction 顺时针方向counterclockwise direction 逆时针方向bearing/orientation 方位、方向quadrant 象限horizontal circle 水平度盘circular protractors 圆形量角器geometric conditions 几何条件astronomic 天文学的，极大的magnetic poles 磁极gauss coordinate system 高斯坐标系coordinate azimuth 坐标方位角meridian 子午圈/线azimuthal projection 方位角投影commencing on 开始face left 盘左bisected bisect 一分为二binary 二进制的horizontal scale 水平度盘比例尺upper plate clamp 上盘制动夹subtract 减法，扣除arbitrary points 任意点primary control 一级控制triangulation 三角法trilateration 三边法intersection 交会法resection 后方交会traversing 导线测量trigonometric proposition 三角定理law of sines 正弦定理law of cosines 余弦定理forward intersection 前方交会side intersection 侧方交会steel tapes 钢尺hydrographic surveyspur/stub traverse 支导线geometric closure 几何形状闭合connection/annexed traverse 附合导线Closed traverse 闭合导线Normal calculation 坐标正算inverse calculation 坐标反算Stadia hair 视距丝Cross hair 十字丝Pulse method 脉冲法Phase different method 相差法Modulated light beam 调制光束Dividing scale tape 刻线尺Reflect 反射disperse散射radiate 辐射Refract折射diffract 衍射diffuse漫射Compensator 补偿器Ralative precision 相对精度Absolute precision 绝对精度Horizontal distance 水平距离Benchmark 水准基准点Alidade 照准部Automatic level 自动安平水准仪Nominal factor 名义因子Construction maps 施工图Air density 空气密度Horizontal braking screw 水平制动螺旋Charpter 3plane trigonometry 平面三角orthogonal projection 正射投影reference ellipsoid 参考椭球面geoid 大地水准面landmass 陆地equipotential surface 等势面theoretical surface 理论面perpendicular 垂直gravity potential 重力势planimetric position 平面位置orthometric heights 正高Geodetic height 大地高semi-major axis 长半径minor axis 短轴plumb bob line 垂线spirit bubble 水准泡horizontalized 使整平flattening 扁率ellipsoidal/geodetic distance 大地距best fitting 最佳拟合global geocentric ellipsoid 全球地心参考系geodetic reference system 1980 大地测量参考系portrary 描绘conformality 正形性at expense of 以牺牲—为代价Arbitrary projection 任意投影Equidistant projection 等距投影Easel plane 承影面Cylindrical projection 圆柱投影Conic projection 圆锥投影Azimuthal/planar projection 方位投影Normal/regular axis tangent conic projection 正轴切圆锥投影Normal/regular axis secant conic projection 正轴割圆锥投影Tangent planar projectionNormal axis tangent planar projection正轴切面投影Transverse axis tangent planar projection横轴切面投影Oblique axis tangent planar projection斜轴切面投影Graticule of normal conic projection正轴圆锥投影格网Cylinder 圆柱体Gauss kruger projection=conformal（equal angle）transverse tangent elliptic cylindrical projectionUniversal transverse mercator UTMRules of thumb 经验法则Geodetic datum 大地测量基准World geodetic system 84Standard parallels 标准纬线Meridian 子午线，子午圈，经线Mass anomaly质量异常Geodetic latitude 大地维度Geodetic longitude 大地经度Translation parameter 平移参数Rotation parameter 旋转参数Scale parameter 尺度参数Rotation axis 旋转轴Backsight 后视Leveling rod reading 水准尺读数Height difference 高差Notional leveling origin 国家水准原点Coordinate conversion 坐标转换Smooth surface 光滑表面Normal calculation 正算Normal line 法线Survey specification 测量规范Dimension of the ellipsoid 椭圆的尺寸Chapter 4Direct measurement 直接测量Geometric formulas 几何公式Three broad categories 三大范畴Blunders/mistakes=gross errors Systematic errors 系统误差Magnitude 量级Algebraic sign 代数符号Calibration 校准，标准化Random errors 随机误差Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Law of probability 概率Most probable value 最或然值Points of inflexion 拐点Square root 平方根Probability density function 概率密度函数Normal error distribution curve 正态分布曲线Normal random variable 正态随机变量Frequency histogram 频率直方图Standard deviation 标准差Arithmetic mean 算术平均值Error propagation 误差传播Partial derivative 偏导数Mean square error 中误差Least squares adjustment 最小二乘平差Superfluous measurement 多余测量Instrumental error 仪器误差Redundant measurement 冗余误差Optimal combination 最优组合Matrix/array 矩阵Functional model 函数模型Stochastic model 随机模型Statistical properties 统计特性Variance/covariance matrix 方差/协方差矩阵Weighting matrix 权阵Weihted adjustment 加权平差Conditional adjustment 条件平差Parametric adjustment 参数平差Algebraic sum 代数和Geometric check 几何检核Chapter 5Cartography 地图制图学Map compilation 地图编制Map decoration 地图整饰Contour map 等高/值线图Neat line 图表边线Coordinate gratitude/grid 坐标网格Inset 嵌图Bar scale 图解比例尺Thematic map 专题图Topographic map 地形图topological map 拓扑地图Electronic map 电子地图Analytic stereo plotter 解析立体绘图仪Data visualization 数据可视化Image processing 图像处理Spatial analysis 空间分析Specialized illustration software 专门插图软件Laser rangefinders 激光测距仪Computer aided design CAD 计算机辅助设计VectorRasterGeometrical principles 几何原理Geospatial information 地理空间信息Zoom in 放大out 缩小Graphic scale bar 图解比例尺Map page space 图面空间C++ application programming interface API Chapter 6Global navigation satellite system GNSS Global position system GPSOrbital plane 轨道平面Orbital altitude 轨道高度Medium earth orbit /MEO 中地球轨道Carrier wave 载波Absolute positioning 绝对定位Relative positioning 相对定位Static positioning 静态定位Dynamic positioning 动态定位Base station 基站Real time kinematic RTK 实时动态定位Antenna 天线Post processing 后处理Ground based transmitter 地面发射机Geostationary orbit 对地静止轨道GPS receiver GPS接收机Monitor station 监控站Mobile /Roving station 流动站Differential GPSChapter 7Remote sensing RSElectronic scanning 电子扫描Multi-spectral 多光谱Multispectral scanner 多光谱扫描仪Hyper-spectral 高光谱Ultraviolet 紫外线Near-infrared 近红外Active microwavePassive microwaveThermal infrared 热红外Aerial camera 航空摄影机Spectroradiometers 光谱辐射计Side look airborne radar 机载侧视雷达Airborne platform 机载平台Aerial platform 航空平台Space borne platform 太空平台Map revision 地图修订space shuttle 航天飞机Electromagnetic energy 电磁能Image interpretation 图像解译radiation budget equation 辐射传输方程Radiant flux 辐射通量Spectral reflectance characteristics 光谱反射特性Photogrammetry 摄影测量学Hemisphere 半球Homogeneous region 同特性区High resolution 高分辨率Image rectification 图像矫正Image restoration 图像修复Geometric registration 几何配准Resampling 重采样Atmosphere scattering 大气散射Noise elimination 噪声消除Image enhancement 图像增强Image classification 图像分类Data merging 数据归并Discriminant function 判别函数Feature extraction 特征提取Data integration 数据集成Principle components analysis 主成分分析Image processing algorithms Linear array 线阵排列Pixel size 像元尺寸Analogue signal 模拟信号Multipath efforts 多路径效应Field of view 视场Sythetic aperture radar SAR Geometric distortion 几何变形Multi temporal 多时相Chapter 8Geographic information system GIS Agricultural rehabilitation 农地复耕Land inventory 土地普查Marginal landsData manipulation 数据操作Archives 档案文件Repositories 库Data format conversion 数据格式转换Virtual reality VRHuman computer interaction technology人机交互技术Artificial intelligence 人工智能Computer simulation technology 计算机仿真技术Network parallel processing technology网络并行处理技术3D terrain model 三维地形模型OrthophotosMunicipal facilities 市政工程设施Urban architecture 城市建筑Dataset 数据集Geographic entry 地理实体Digital lineData generalization 数据概化Relief map 地势图Digital terrain model 数字地面模型Digital elevation model 数字高程模型Solid model 实体模型。
测绘工程专业英语
测绘工程专业英语1. IntroductionIn the field of surveying and mapping engineering, it is crucial to have a strong command of English, as it plays a vital role in communication and understanding in the international arena. Being able to effectively communicate in English enables surveying and mapping professionals to collaborate with colleagues from different countries, participate in international conferences and seminars, and access a wealth of knowledge and resources in the field. This document aims to provide an overview of the essential English terms and expressions commonly used in the field of surveying and mapping engineering.2. Basic Terminology2.1 Surveying•Survey: The process of measuring and mapping the earth’s surface and features.•Land Survey: The measurement and mapping of land boundaries and features.•Topographic Survey: The measurement and mapping of the earth’s surface features, including natural and man-made elements.•Boundary Survey: The measurement and mapping of land boundaries.•Planimetric Survey: The measurement and mapping of only horizontal features of the earth’s surface.•Control Point: A point with known coordinates used as a reference for other measurements.•Traverse: A series of connected survey lines used to determine the positions of points on the ground.•Total Station: An electronic device used in surveying that combines the functions of a theodolite and an electronic distance meter (EDM).2.2 Mapping•Cartography: The science and art of creating maps.•Map: A visual representation of an area, typically on a flat surface.•Topographic Map: A map showing the physical features of an area, such as contours, elevation, and water bodies.•Orthophoto: An aerial photograph that has been geometrically corrected to remove distortions.•GIS (Geographic Information System): A system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and present spatial or geographic data.•Digital Elevation Model (DEM): A 3D representation of the earth’s surface that includes elevation data.•Remote Sensing: The collection of data about the earth’s surface from a distance, usually through the use of satellite or aerial imagery.•LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging): A remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distance and create highly accurate elevation models.3. English Expressions3.1 Surveying Expressions•。
测绘专业英语单词词汇
01 总类01.001 测绘学surveying and mapping, SM01.002 中华人民共和国测绘法Law of Surveying and Mapping of the People's Republic of China01.003 测绘标准standards of surveying and mapping01.004 测量规范specifications of surveys01.005 地形图图式topographic map symbols01.006 大地测量学geodesy01.007 地球形状earth shape, figure of the earth01.008 重力基准网gravity standard network01.009 重力场gravity field01.010 地心坐标系geocentric coordinate system01.011 地球椭球earth ellipsoid01.012 大地原点geodetic origin01.013 水准原点leveling origin01.014测量标志survey mark01.015 测量觇标observation target01.016 高程基准height datum01.017 1954年北京坐标系Beijing geodetic coordinate system195401.018高程系统height system01.019平均海[体]面mean sea level01.020黄海平均海[水]面Huanghai mean sea level01.021海拔height above sea level01.022海军导航卫星系统Navy Navigation Satellite System，NNSS01.023 NA VSTAR全球定位系统NA VSTAR Global Positioning System，NA VSTAR GPS 01.024惯性测量系统inertial surveying system，ISS01.025摄影测量与遥感学photogrammetry and remote sensing01.026航空摄影测量aerophotogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry01.027航天摄影测量（又称“太空摄影测量”）space photogrammetry01.028非地形摄影测量non-topographic photogrammetry01.029水下摄影测量underwater photogrammetry01.030航空航天摄影aero—space photogrammetry01.031航空遥感aerial remote sensing01.032航天遥感space remote sensing01.033图像image01.034影像image, imagery01.035图形Graphics01.036判读（又称“判释”、“解译”）interpretation01.037模拟摄影测量analog photogrammetry01.038解析摄影测量analytical photogrammetry, numerical photogrammetry01.039 数字摄影测量digital photogrammetry01.040数字地图模型（又称“数值地型”）digital terrain model, DTM01.041遥感图象处理image processing of remote sensing01.042遥感模式识别pattern recognition of remote sensing01.043地图制图学（又称“地图学”）cartography01.044地理坐标网geographic graticule01.045经纬网fictitious graticule01.046方里网kilometer grid01.047邻带方里网grid of neighboring zone01.048坐标格网coordinate grid01.049地理坐标参考系geographical reference system，GEOREF01.050地图map01.051地形图topographic map01.052平面图plan01.053普通地图general map01.054专题地图thematic map01.055地图集atlas01.056地球仪globe01.057地图规范map specifications01.058地图生产map production01.059地图投影map projection01.060地图编制（又称“编图”）map compilation01.061地图复制map reproduction01.062地图印刷map printing01.063地图利用map use01.064地图量算cartometry01.065机助地图制图computer-aided cartography，computer-assisted cartography, CAC 01.066自动化制图automatic cartography01.067自动绘图automatic plotting01.068图形显示graphic display01.069遥感制图remote sensing mapping01.070地名学toponomastics, toponymy01.071地名geographical name, place name01.072工程测量学engineering surveying01.073比例尺scale01.074基本比例尺basic scale01.075等高线contour01.076等高距contour interval01.077测量平差survey adjustment，adjustment of observations01.078精度估计precision estimation01.079精［密］度precision01.080准确度accuracy01.081偶然误差accident error01.082系统误差systematic error01.083粗差gross error01.084常差constant error01.085多余观测redundant observation01.086闭合差closing error, closure01.087限差tolerance01.088相对误差relative error01.089绝对误差absolute error01.090中误差mean square error01.091误差椭圆error ellipse01.092边长中误差mean square error of side length01.093测角中误差mean square error of angle observation01.094方位角中误差mean square error of azimuth01.095坐标中误差mean square error of coordinate01.096点位中误差mean square error of a point01.097高程中误差mean square error of height01.098国土基础信息系统land base information system01.099大地控制数据库geodetic data base01.100重力数据库gravimetric data base01.101地形数据库topographic data base01.102地理信息系统geographical information system，GIS01.103地图数据库map data base01.104地图数据库管理系统cartographic data base management system01.105地名数据库place-name data base01.106地籍信息系统cadastral information system01.107土地信息系统land information system，LIS01.108制图专家系统cartographic expert system01.109海洋测绘hydrographic surveying and charting01.110测绘仪器instrument of surveying and mapping01.111大地测量仪器geodetic instrument01.112测距仪distance measuring instrument，rangefinder01.113重力仪gravimeter01.114定位系统positioning system01.115摄影测量仪器photogrammetric instrument01.116立体测图仪stereoplotter01.117数字摄影测量工作站digital photogrammetric station01.118全数字化自测图系统full digital automatic mapping system01.119图形输入设备graphic input unit01.120图形输出设备graphic output unit01.121中国测绘学会Chinese Society of Surveying and Mapping，CSSM01.122国际测绘联合会International Union of Surveying and Mapping，IUSM01.123国际测量师联合会Federation Internationale des Geometres，FIG（法语）01.124国际大地测量学与地球物理学International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics，IUGG01.125国际大地测量学协会International Association of Geodesy IAG01.126国际摄影测量与遥感学会International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing，ISPRS01.127国际地图学协会International Cartographic Association，ICA01.128 国际海道测量组织International Hydrography Organization, IHO02 大地测量学02.001大地测量geodetic surveying02.002几何大地测量学geometric geodesy02.003椭球面大地测量学ellipsoidal geodesy02.004大地天文学geodetic astronomy02.005物理大地测量学(又称“大地重力学”) physical geodesy02.006空间大地测量学space geodesy02.007卫星大地测量学satellite geodesy02.008动力大地测量学dynamic geodesy02.009海洋大地测量学marine geodesy02.010月面测量学lunar geodesy，selenodesy02.011行星测量学planetary geodesy02.012天文大地网(又称“国家大地网”)astro--geodetic network02.013参考椭球reference ellipsoid02.014贝塞尔椭球Bessel ellipsoid02.015海福德椭球Hayford ellipsoid02.016克拉索夫斯基椭球Krasovsky ellipsoid02.017参考椭球定位orientation of reference ellipsoid02.018大地基准geodetic datum02.019大地坐标系geodetic coordinate system02.020弧度测量arc measurement02.021拉普拉斯方位角Laplace azimuth02.022拉普拉斯点Laplace point02.023三角测量triangulation02.024三角点triangulation point02.025三角锁triangulation chain02.026三角网triangulation network02.027图形权倒数weight reciprocal of figure02.028菲列罗公式Ferreros formula02.029施赖伯全组合测角法Schreiber method in all combinations 02.030方向观测法method of direction observation，method by series 02.031测回observation set02.032归心元素elements of centering02.033归心改正correction for centering02.034水平折光差(又称“旁折光差”) h orizontal refraction error02.035基线测量base measurement02.036基线baseline02.037基线网base network02.038精密导线测量precise traversing02.039三角高程测量trigonometric leveling02.040三角高程网trigonometric leveling network02.041铅垂线plumb line02.042天顶距zenith distance02.043高度角elevation angle，altitude angle02.044垂直折光差vertical refraction error02.045垂直折光系数vertical refraction coefficient02.046国家水准网national leveling network02.047精密水准测量Precise leveling02.048水准面level surface02.049高程height02.050正高orthometric height02.051正常高normal height02.052力高dynamic height02.053地球位数geopotential number02.054水准点benchmark02.055水准路线leveling line02.056跨河水准测量river－crossing leveling02.057椭球长半径major radius of ellipsoid02.058椭球扁率flattening of ellipsoid02.059椭球偏心率eccentricity of ellipsoid02.060子午面meridian plane02.061子午圈meridian02.062卯酉圈prime vertical02.063平行圈parallel circle02.064法截面normal section02.065子午圈曲率半径radius of curvature in meridian02.066卯酉圈曲率半径radius of curvature in prime vertical02.067平均曲率半径mean radius of curvature02.068大地线geodesic02.069大地线微分方程differential equation of geodesic02.070大地坐标geodetic coordinate02.071大地经度geodetic longitude02.072大地纬度geodetic latitude02.073大地高geodetic height，ellipsoidal height02.074大地方位角geodetic azimuth02.075天文大地垂线偏差astro—geodetic deflection of the vertical02.076垂线偏差改正correction for deflection of the vertical02.077标高差改正correction for skew normals02.078截面差改正correction from normal section to geodetic02.079大地主题正解direct solution of geodetic problem02.080大地主题反解inverse solution of geodetic problem02.081高斯中纬度公式Gauss mid—latitude formula02.082贝塞尔大地主题解算公式Bessel formula for solution of geodetic problem 02.083高斯一克吕格投影Gauss－Kruger projection又称“高斯投影”。
测绘专业英语 曲建光1 lesson one翻译
Lesson oneIntroduction to SurveyingSurveying is the art of making such measurements of the relative positions of points on the surface of Earth that, on drawing them to scale, natural and artificial features may be exhibited in their correct horizontal or vertical relationships.测量是一种技术，它测定地球表面上各点的相对位置，并按照比例绘制出来，使得天然和人工地物能以正确的水平或垂直关系展示出来。
Less comprehensively, the term, “Surveying”, may be limited to operations directed to the representation of ground features in plan. Methods whereby relative altitudes are ascertained are distinguished as “leveling”, the results being shown either as vertical section or by conventional symbols on a plan.较为全面地说，“测量”这个词可以局限于在平面图上表示出地貌的操作。
确定相对高度的操作区别为水准测量，其结果或以纵断面显示或是在平面图上用惯用符号表示。
Plane, Aerial and Geodetic Surveying A plan is projection upon a horizontal surface, and in its construction all linear and angular quantities used must be horizontal dimensions. It is impossible to give a complete representation of distances following the undulations of the ground other than by a scale model. Now a horizontal surface is normal to the direction of gravity as indicated by a plump line, but, on account of the form of the Earth, the direction of plump lines suspended at different points in a survey are not strictly parallel, and the plane horizontal at one point does not precisely coincide with that through any other point. It is not the irregular shape of the Earth’s physical surface that is reffered to here, but the almost regular curvature of a level surface which is necessarily perpendicular to the vertical everywhere.平面测量，航空测量，大地测量平面图是在水平面上的投影，在绘制时使用的长度和角度的量值必须是水平分量。
测绘工程专业英语(中国地质大学长城学院)
一、名词解释：1、Surveying (测量学）is the art of making such measurements of the relative positions of points on the surface of Earth that,on drawing them to scale natural and artificial features may be exhibited in their correct horizontal or vertical relationships.2、Plane surveying （平面测量)is of wide scope and utility,and its methods are e mployed in the vast majorit y of surveys undertaken for various purposes,such as en gineering ,architectural,legal,c ommercial,scientific,geograph ical,exploratory,military,and n avigational.3、Geodetic surveys（大地测量）are usually of a nati onal character,occasionally w orks of international coopera tion,and they are undertaken as basis for the production of accurate maps of wide areas.4、Leveling（水准测量) is t he general term applied to a ny of the various processes by which elevations of point s or differences in elevation are determined.5、The theodolite （经纬仪）is an instrument designed for the measurement of hori zontal and vertical angles.It is the most precise instrume nt available for such observ ations,and is of wide applica bility in surveying.6、A traverse（导线）is a series of consecutive lines whose lengths and directions have been determined from field measurements7、Traversing(导线测量）,the act of establishing traverse stations and making the ne cessary measurements,is one of the most basic and wid ely practiced means of deter mining the relative locations of points.8、Azimuths（方位角）are measured clockwise from th e north end of the meridian through the angle points. 9、Topographic surveys（地形测量）are made to deter mine the configuration (relie f) of the earth’s surface and to locate natural and cultur al features on it.10、A topographic map（地形图）is a large scale repres entation of a portion of theEarth’s showing culture, relief, hydrography, and perhaps vegetation.11、Systematic-Error(系统误差）:These-errors conformto mathematical and physical laws.Their magnitude maybe constant or variable depending on conditions.12、Radom error(偶然误差）：These are errors that remain after mistakes and systematic errors have been eliminated.13、Precision(精度)refers to the degree of refinementor consistency of a group of measurements.14、Accuracy(准确度）which denotes the absolute nearness of measured quantities to their true values.二、填空1、The metal case is attached to some part of the instrument in such a way as topermit some (adjustment) of the position.2、Transits,are instrumentswhich ..... Along the verticalplane (altitude) as well asthe horizontal plane (azimuth).3、These instruments are (tripods),plane tables,(level rods),chains,and (tapes).4、As can be observed ,EDM systems are made up ofthree components-(a transmitter),(a reflector),and (a receiver).5、....the telescope must becapable of rotation about a(horizontal axis),for measurement of horizonal angles,the instrument must be rotatedabout a (vertical axis).6、There must be an (indexmark) on the rotating part,placed so that readings canbe taken against it on the(graduated circle).7、.....the observer operatesa setting device to obtain a(mean reading) free from(eccentricity error).8、If the (plumb bob) is not over the point,the (centering screw) can be loosenedand the.......9、These notes include directions.....stations with (fourdifferent positions).Two readings were taken on each position (one with the telescope normal or direct and onewith the instrument (reversed or plunged)).10、The line is determinedby a telescope with the usual components consisting of(object glass),(focusing arrangement),(diaphragm withcross-lines), and (eye-piece).11、A level fitted with (horizontal circle) and (stadia lines) can be used to make acomplete (three-dimensional) survey of a limited area round the instrument.12、Levels are used to obtain the direct measurement of （height differences）between two points.13、Which transmit either (modulated laser) or (infrared light) having wavelengths within or slightly beyondthe ......14、Which transmits (microwaves) with (frequencies) in the range of 3 to 35GHZcorresponding to wavelength of about 1.0 to 8.6 mm.15、The methods used in measuring angles or directionsof traverse lines vary,and include (compass bearings），（interior angles),(deflection angles),(angles to the right),(azimuths).16、The instrument is oriented at each station by (backsighting) on the previous point with （the back bearingset) on the plates.17、(Electronic devices) and (taping) are used most often and provide the highestorder of accuracy.18、On construction work,(allowable limits of closure)depend on the use and extent of the traverse and typeof project.Bright location, for example ,demands a highdegree of precision.19、Vertical control is provided by bench marks in or near the tract to be surveyed.It becomes the foundation for correctly portraying reliefon a map,A （vertical control net)is established by (lines of levels）starting fromand closing on bench marks.三、翻译：1、It is convenient to considerthat a bubble tube has anaxis,which may be taken as astraight line parallel to the freesurface of the liquid when thebubble is in the centralposition determined by thegraduation marks.当气泡处于分划线所确定的中心位置时，我们可以很容易想像水准管有一个轴，这个轴可以看作是一条与液体的自由表面平行的直线。
测绘工程专业英语 (2)
测绘工程专业英语1. Introduction测绘工程是一门综合性较强的学科，需要使用专业的英语术语来进行交流和沟通。
本文将介绍一些与测绘工程相关的常用英语词汇和表达，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用专业英语。
2. Surveying and Mapping 测绘2.1 Surveying 规划测量•Geodetic surveying大地测量•Cadastral surveying (land) 地籍测绘•Engineering surveying工程测量•Topographic surveying地形测量•Control surveying控制测量•Hydrographic surveying水文测量•Deformation monitoring变形监测2.2 Mapping 制图•Cartography制图学•Digital mapping数字制图•Geographic information system (GIS)地理信息系统•Remote sensing遥感•Image interpretation图像解译•Orthophoto正射影像•Contour lines等高线•Land cover classification土地覆盖分类3. Instruments and Equipment 仪器设备•Theodolite经纬仪•Total station全站仪•GPS receiver GPS接收机•Levels水准仪•Laser scanner激光扫描仪•Data collector数据采集器•GIS software GIS软件•Mapping software制图软件4. Measurements 测量数据•Distance measurement距离测量•Angle measurement角度测量•Coordinate measurement坐标测量•Elevation measurement高程测量•Height measurement高度测量•Area measurement面积测量•Volume measurement体积测量5. Data Analysis 数据分析•Data processing数据处理•Error analysis误差分析•Statistical analysis统计分析•Spatial analysis空间分析•Data visualization数据可视化•Interpolation插值•Extrapolation外推•Regression analysis回归分析6. Project Management 项目管理•Survey project planning测量项目规划•Budget estimation预算估算•Resource allocation资源分配•Scheduling进度安排•Quality control质量控制•Risk assessment风险评估•Project documentation项目文档7. Conclusion本文介绍了一些与测绘工程专业相关的英语词汇和表达，涵盖了测绘、制图、仪器设备、测量数据、数据分析和项目管理等领域。
测绘专业英语
Geomatics is a relatively new scientific term created by Pollock and Wright in 1969, with the intention of combining the terms geodesy and geoinformatics.It includes the tools and techniques used inSurveying and Mapping,Remote Sensing (RS),Cartography,Geographic Information Systems(GIS), Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS, i.e.,GPS, Glonass,Galileo,Compass),Photogrammetry, Geography, Geosciences, Computer Sciences, Information Science and various spatial observation technologies, land development and environmental sciences, etc.测绘学是一种相对较新的科学术语由波洛克和赖特在1969年提出，目的是将大地测量学与地理信息学结合起来。
它包括的工具和技术应用于测绘、遥感(RS)、地图学、地理信息系统(GIS)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS,即。
、GPS、Glonass、伽利略、北斗),摄影测量、地理学、地球科学、计算机科学、信息科学和各种空间观测技术、土地开发、环境科学等。
Surveying may be defined as the technology and scie nce of the study of earth’s shape and size, as well as making measurements of the relative positions of natural and man-made features on, above or below the earth’s surface, and representing these information in analog forms as contoured maps or sections, paper plan or chart, or as figures in report tables, or in digital form as a three dimensional mathematical model stored in the computer.测量的技术和科学可以定义为研究地球的形状和大小,以及测量位于地球表面上或者低于或者高于地球表面的自然的或人造的物体的相对位置,并将这些信息以模拟形式的波状外形的地图、剖面图、论文计划、图表、数据报告表中呈现或以数字形式存储在计算机三维数学模型中。
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一、geomatics 测绘学geodesy 大地测量学surveying and mapping 测绘photogrammetry 摄影测量学re mote sensing ( RS) 遥感global positioning system ( GPS) 全球定位系统satellite positioning 卫星定位geographic information systems ( GIS) 地理信息系统land management 土地管理computer graphics 计算机图形学二、geodetic surveying 大地测量,大地测量学plane surveying 平面测量, 平面测量学control survey 控制测量horizontal survey 水平测量, 平面测量vertical survey 高程测量, 垂直测量topographic survey 地形测量detail survey 碎部测量land survey ( property survey, boundary survey, cadastralsurvey)土地测量, 地籍测量route survey 路线测量pipe survey 管道测量city survey 城市测量hydrographic survey 水道测量marine survey 海洋测量mine survey 矿山测量geological survey 地质测量三、distance measurement 距离测量precise ranging 精密测距pacing 步测, 定步distance measuring instrument, rangefinder 测距仪E D M (electronic distance measurement) 电子测距仪geodimeter 光速测距仪, 光电测距仪electro magnetic distance measuring instrument 电磁波测距仪electro-optical distance measuring instrument 光电测距仪long-range E D M instrument 远程电子测距仪infrared ED M instrument 红外测距仪laser distance measuring instrument,laser ranger 激光测距仪microwave distance measuring instrument 微波测距仪satellite laser ranger 卫星激光测距仪two-color laser ranger 双色激光测距仪distance- measuring error 测距误差fixed error 固定误差proport ional error 比例误差sighting distance 视距m ult ipl ication constant 乘常数addition constant 加常数stadia multiplication constant 视距乘常数stadia addition constant 视距加常数standard f ield of length 长度标准检定场nominal accuracy 标称精度stadia hair 视距丝,视距线stadia interval 视距间隔四、horizontal angle 水平角vertical angle 垂直角depression angle 俯角,俯视角zenith distance 天顶距elevation angle 高度角horizontal circle 水平刻度盘vertical circle 垂直度盘true north 真北geodet ic azim uth 大地方位角grid bearing 坐标方位角gyro azim uth 陀螺方位角m agnetic azimuth 磁方位角m ethod by series, method of direction observation 方向观测法m ethod in al l com binations 全组合测角法五、control network 控制网horizontal control network 平面控制网,水平控制网vertical control network 高程控制网control point 控制点triangulat ion 三角测量tri lateration 三边测量triangulaterat ion 边角测量forward intersection 前方交会resection 后方交会side intersection 侧方交会l inear-angular intersection 边角交会法l inear intersect ion 边交会法traversing 导线测量traverse point 导线点traverse leg 导线边traverse angle 导线折角open traverse 支导线closed traverse 闭合导线closed loop traverse 闭合环导线connecting traverse 附和导线angle closing error of traverse 导线角度闭合差totallength closing error of traverse 导线全长闭合差closing error in coordinate increment 坐标增量闭合差traverse network 导线网triangulaterat ion network 边角网triangulat ion network 三角网trilateration network 三边网survey specif ications,specif ications of surveys 测量规范六、reference datum 参考基面, 参考基准面Huanghai vertical datum of 1956 1956 黄海高程系统national vertical datum of 1985 1985 国家高程基准Direct leveling, spirit leveling 几何水准测量Differential leveling 微差水准测量trigonometric leveling 三角高程测量barometric leveling 气压水准测量gravimetric leveling 重力水准测量river-crossing leveling 跨河水准测量B M (bench mark) 水准基点level rod 水准尺level 水准仪backsight ( BS) 后尺foresight ( FS) 前尺height of instrument ( HI) 仪器高height of target ( H T ) 目标高elevation difference 高差annexed leveling line 附和水准路线closed leveling line 闭合水准路线spur leveling line 支水准路线refraction correct ion 折光差改正elevation of sight 视线高程Optical level 光学水准仪electronic level 电子水准仪automatic level, compensator level 自动安平水准仪laser level 激光水准仪1-1、The term geomatics emerged first in Canada and as an academic discipline; it has been introduced worldwide in a number of institutes of higher education during the past few years, mostly by renaming what was previously called “geodesy”or “surveying”, and by adding a number of computer science and/or GIS-oriented courses.（这个术语作为一个学科第一次形成于加拿大；在过去的几年里被全世界的许多高等教育研究机构所熟知，通常是以前的“大测量学”或“测量学”在引入了许多计算机科学和GIS 方向的课程后重新命名的。
）1-2、Adoption of the term also allows a coherent marketing of the profession to industry and schools on a worldwide basis.（这个术语的采用同时也在全世界范围里为行业里和学校建立了一个一致的专业市场）1-3、As defined by the Canadian Institute of Geomatics in their quarterly journal “Geomatica”: Geomatics is a field of activities which, using a systemic approach, integrates all the means used to acquire and manage spatial data required as part of scientific, administrative, legal and technical operations involved in the process of the production and management of spatial information. （加拿大测量学会在他们的季刊“地球空间信息学”中这样定义：测绘学是利用系统的方法，为生产和处理科学的，行政的，法律的和技术的业务所需的空间信息，将所有获取和管理空间信息的方法整合在一起的活动领域。
2-1、Surveying has been traditionally defined as the art and science of determining the position of natural and artificial features on, above or below the earth’s surface; and representing this information in analog form as a contoured map, paper plan or chart, or as figures in report tables, or in digital form as a three dimensional mathematical model stored in the computer.（测量传统定义为确定地表、地下和地上的自然与人工地貌特征；并使之按比例测绘成地形图、平面图或图表，或形成报告图表，或以数字形式形成三维立体数学模型存储进计算机。